湖南省長沙市寧鄉(xiāng)市2022-2023學年高一下學期期末考試英語試題2

2023年上學期高一期末考試英語試卷本試卷分四部分，滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。注意：所有試題均須在答題卡上作答。第一部分：聽力技能(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.5B.￡9.18C.￡9.15答案是C1.WhatdoesthemanespeciallylikeaboutChongqing?A.Itsclimate.B.Itsscenery.C.Itsfood.2.HowwillthespeakersgotothePeople’sPark?A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bysubway.3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates.B.Motherandson.C.Teacherandstudent.4.Onwhichfloorarechildren’stoys?A.The3rdfloor.B.The4thfloor.C.The5thfloor.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Awriter.C.Anorganization.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdoesPeterplantobuytomorrow?A.Jackets.B.Awallet.C.Trousers.7.Whydoesthewomanwanttochangetheskirt?AThecolorisdark.B.Thesizeistoosmall.CThestyleisoutoffashion.聽第7段材料，回答第8至19題。8.Whatisthewoman?A.Adoctor.B.Ahostess.C.Ateacher.9.WhatisMr.Black’ssecondsuggestion?A.Eatinghealthily.B.Havingagoodrest.C.Doingexerciseregularly.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatisthemandoing?A.Askingforsomeinformation.B.Makinganexplanation.C.Givinganinterview.11.Whatinsuranceisthemanlikelytobuynow?A.Carinsurance.B.Lifeinsurance.C.Houseinsurance.12.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Consultquestions.B.Readsometerms.C.Fillinaform.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Colleagues.C.Friends.14.WhatkindofmusicdoesCathylikebest?A.Popmusic.B.Countrymusic.C.Classicalmusic.15.WherewillCathygofirsttomorrow?A.Ahospital.B.Atheater.C.Agym.16.Whenwilltheconcertend?A.At6:00pm.B.At7:00pm.C.At9:00pm.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WheredidCliffgrowup?A.Onafarm.B.Inabigcity.C.Inasmalltown.18.WhatwasCliff’schildhoodlike?A.Happy.B.Sad.C.Colorless.19.WhatdidCliff’sfatherexpecthimtodo?A.Gotoanactingschool.B.Runthefarm.C.Workinthetheater.20WhoencouragedClifftopursuehisdream?A.Anactor.B.Atraveler.C.Hismother.第二部分：閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。ACommunityNoticeboardNewForestBikeProject(NFBP)NewForestBikeProjectisanot-for-profitcommunityandsocialorganizationwhichtakesinunwantedbicyclesandthenrepairs,restoresandrelocatesthem.AimingtohelppeoplefromallwalksoflifegetoutontwowheelsandenjoysomeexerciseaswellasthebeautifulNewForest!Ifyouwouldliketodonateanyunwantedbikes,pleasedropthemoffatWalkersGarage,BurleyRd,BransgoreBH238DF.Ringwood’sInternationalFestivalofStreetPerformanceArt(RIFSPA)HeldannuallyonMarch15thfrom10:30a.m.––4:30p.m.WANTED:streetperformers,musicians,choirs,bandsetc.toentertainthecrowdsinthestreetsofRingwood!Ifyouoryourgroupareinterestedintakingpartinthisevent,pleasecontactRogerBettle01425489350assoonaspossibletoensureaplace.NaturalWellbeing(NW)Weeklysessionsusingthenaturalenvironmenttopromoteadulthealthandwellbeing.Participantscanbeinvolvedincookingandsharinganoutdoorlunch,birdwatchingandoutdoorcraftactivities.Date:EveryFridayTime:11:00a.m.––2:30p.m.Booking:Tracyon01425472760orBlashfordLakes@.ukLocation:BlashfordLakesNatureReserve,EllinghamDrove,nearRingwoodBH243PJEventcharge:￡4donationRingwoodHealthWalks(RHW)GuidedbyVolunteerWalkLeaders,WalksareFREEforanyonewishingtoimprovetheirfitnesswithone-hourwalks.StartfromtheMedicalCenteronthelstand3rdTuesdayineachmonthat10:30a.m.MeetoutsidetheMedicalCentre.Comealongandjoinus:weareafriendlysociablegroup.FormoreinformationcontactCraigDaterson01590646671.NONEEDTOBOOK1.WhatcanyoudothroughNFBP?A.Buyusedbikes. B.Donateoldbikes.C.HikeintheNewForest. D.WorkatWalkersGarage.2.Whichofthefollowingisorganizedonceayear?A.NFBP. B.RHW. C.RIFSPA. D.NW.3.WhatdoNWandRHWhaveincommon?A.Theyeachlastawholeday. B.Advancereservationsarerequired.C.Theyarefreeofcharge. D.Chancestoexerciseareprovided.BMynameisAlice.Earlylastyear,Iwastroubledbyananxietythatweakenedmyabilitytodoanything.Ifeltlikeastormcloudhungoverme.ForalmostayearIstruggledon,constantlystaringatthiswallthatfacedme.Myperfectionisttendencieswerethemainrootofthis:IwantedtobeperfectatwhateverIdid,whichobviouslyinlifeisnotpossible,butitconsumedme.Oneday,IattendedapresentationbywildlifeconservationistGrantBrownatmyhighschool.Hispresentationnotonlyawedandinspiredme,butalsohelpedemergeaninnerdesiretomakeadifferenceintheworld.Ijoinedapre-presentationdinnerwithhimandthatsmallersettingallowedmetoslowlybuildupmycouragetospeakone-on-onewithhim––anideathathadseemedcompletelyimpossible.Thisfirstcontactwaswheremystorybegan.Amonthlater,BrowninvitedmetoattendtheWorldYouthWildlifeConference.Lookingback,Inowseethiswouldbethefirstinaseriesoftimelyopportunitiesthatmyoldselfwouldhaveletpass,butthatthisnewandmoreconfidentAliceenthusiasticallyseized.ShortlyafterIreceivedhisinvitation,applicationstojointheYouthforNatureandtheYouthforPlanetgroupsweresentaroundthroughmyhighschool.Idecidedtocommitmyselftocompletingtheapplications,andsoonIwasapartofagrowingglobalteamofyoungpeopleworkingtoprotectnature.Eachofthesenewstepscontinuedtogrowmyconfidence.IamwritingthisjustsixmonthssincemyjourneybeganandI’verealizedthatmybiggestobstaclethewholetimewasmyself.Itwasthatvoiceinthebackofmyheadtellingmethatonephrasethathasstoppedsomanypeoplefromreachingtheirpotential:Ican’t.Theysaygoodthingscometothosewhowait.Isay:grabeveryopportunitywitheverythingyouhaveandbeimpatient.Afterall,naturedoesnotrequireourpatience,butouraction.4WhatwasthemaincauseofAlice’sanxiety?A.Herwishtobeperfect. B.Herhabitofconsumption.C.Herlackofinspiration. D.Herinabilitytoactherage.5.HowdidGrantBrown’spresentationinfluenceAlice?A.Shebuiltuphercouragetospeakup. B.Shetastedthesweetnessoffriendship.C.Shelearnedabouttheharmofdesire. D.Shedecidedtodosomethingfornature.6.TheactivitiesAlicejoinedinhelpedhertobecomemore________.A.critical B.intelligent C.confident D.innovative7.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Practicemakesperfect. B.Actionisworry’sworstenemy.C.Patienceisacureofanxiety. D.Everythingcomestothosewhowait.CI’vebeengivinglotsofthoughtrecentlytotheteachingofthesciencesubjectatschools.I’mwonderingwhetherspendingmoretimelearninghowwe“do”science––thescientificmethod––ismorevaluablethansimplymakingchildrenmemorizescientific“facts”.Afterall,scienceisn’tacollectionoffactsabouttheworld.That’sjustcalled“knowledge”.Rather,scienceisaprocessofthinkingandmakingsenseoftheworld,whichwillthenleadtonewknowledge.We’veoftenhearditsaidthatweshouldbeteachingchildrennotwhattothinkbuthowtothink.However,schoolsnowspendsomuchofthesciencesubjectloadingupchildren’sbrainswith“knowledge”.Surely,everyoneneedsabasicscientificunderstanding.Weallneedtoknowsomescience:factsabouttheworldtohelpusmakeinformeddecisionsaboutimportantissuesthatfaceusallinoureverydaylives,fromtherisksofsmokingtothebenefitsofexercisingorwhyrecyclingourwasteisgoodfortheplanet.Yetwhatseemstobemissingtodayisanunderstandingofthewaywegainthisscientificunderstandingoftheworld.Nowadays,socialmediahasplayedasignificantroleinspreadinginformation.However,manypeopleuseitasamediumforspreadingdisinformationorharmfulopinions.Butsocialmediahasonlyenlargedthesocietalproblemthathasbeenwithus.Ontopofthis,ourattentionspans(時長)arenaturallygettingshorter,andwedon’ttakethetimetoquestionourviews,oraskwhethertheinformationwearegettingisreliable.Thisiswherethinkingscientificallycanhelp.Adoptingsomeofthewaysthatgoodscienceispracticedcanhelpustocriticallyassesswhatwebelieve,questionourownviewsbeforeweattackviewswedon’tlike,andsoon.Thisisexactlywhyweshouldbeteachingmoreofscientificmethodsinschools.Thisremarkablewayofseeing,thinkingandknowing,isoneofhumankind’sgreatrichesandthebirthrightofeveryone.And,mostwonderfully,itonlygrowsinqualityandvaluethemorewidelyitisshared.8.WhatistheauthorconcernedaboutaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Theteachingtopicsofthesciencesubject. B.Students’interestinthesciencesubject.C.Theteachingcontentofthesciencesubject. D.Thelackofemphasisonscienceinschools.9Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theapplicationofscienceindailylives. B.Theunderstandingofscienceindailylives.C.Themethodofknowingscientificfacts. D.Somescientificphenomenaindailylives.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thesocietalproblem”inParagraph4referto?A.Thespreadoffalseinformation. B.Themisunderstandingofscience.C.Thepopularityofsocialmedia. D.Thenegativeimpactofsocialmedia.11.Whatcanstudentsgetfromlearningscientificmethods?A.Improvedattentioninclass. B.Growinginterestinscience.C.Thedeeperunderstandingofscience. D.Theabilitytothinkcritically.DInordertohelpdiscoverspoilageandreducefoodwasteforsupermarketsandconsumers,researchershavedevelopednewlow-cost,smartphone-linked,eco-friendlyspoilagesensorsformeatandfishpackaging.OneinthreeUKconsumersthrowawayfoodjustbecauseitreachestheuse-bydate,but60%ofthe￡12.5billion-worthoffoodwethrowawayeachyearissafetoeat.Theresearchers,whosefindingswerepublishedinACSSensors,saythesensorscouldalsoeventuallyreplacetheuse-bydate—awidelyusedindicatorofbeingfreshandeatable.ThesensorscosttwoUScentseachtomake.Knownas“paper-basedelectricalgassensors(PEGS)”,theydetectspoilagegaseslikeammonia(apoisonousgaswithastrongunpleasantsmell)inmeatandfishproducts.Theinformationprovidedbytheelectronicnoseisreceivedbyasmartphone,andthenyoucanknowwhetherthefoodisfreshandsafetoeat.TheImperialCollegeLondonresearcherswhodevelopedPEGSmadethesensorsbyprintingcarbonelectrodesontoaspecialtypeofpaper.Thematerialsareeco-friendlyandharmless,sotheydon’tdamagetheenvironmentandaresafetouseinfoodpackaging.Thesensors,combinedwithatinyelectronicsystem,theninformnearbymobiledevices,whichidentifyandunderstandthedataaboutspoilagegases.LeadauthorDrFiratGuderofImperial’sDepartmentofBioengineering,said,“Althoughthey’redesignedtokeepussafe,use-bydatescanleadtoeatablefoodbeingthrownaway.Theydon’talwaysreflectitsactualfreshness.Infact,peopleoftengetsickfromfood-bornediseasesduetopoorstorage,evenwhenanitemiswithinitsuse-bydate.”“Thesesensorsarecheapenoughsowehopetoseesupermarketsusingthemwithinthreeyears.OurgoalistousePEGSinfoodpackagingtoreduceunnecessaryfoodwaste.”TheauthorshopethatPEGScouldhaveapplicationsbeyondfoodprocessing,likesensingchemicalsinagriculture,airquality,anddetectingdiseasemarkersinbreathlikethoseinvolvedinkidneydisease.12.WhatisthefunctionofPEGSaccordingtothetext?A.Toimprovethetasteoffoods. B.Toimprovetheserviceofstores.C.Tohelpsupermarketsstorefoods. D.Tohelppeopletestfoodfreshness.13.WhatroledoesthesmartphoneplaywhilePEGSarefunctioning?A.Itactsasanelectronicnose. B.ItreadsthedatacollectedbyPEGS.C.Ithelpsprintthegassensorsontopaper. D.Itdiscoversthespoilagegasesfromfoods.14.WhatdoesDr.FiratGudersayaboutuse-bydates?A.Theyarenotcompletelyreliable. B.Theycanhelpreducefoodwaste.C.Theyarebasedonscientificresearch. D.Theyarenotacceptedbytheconsumers.15.Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinthetext?A.Theprocessofresearchingspoilagesensors.B.Anewtechnologyinpackagingtoreducefoodwaste.C.Theapplicationofspoilagesensorsbeyondfoodprocessing.D.Theinfluenceofuse-bydatesonsupermarketsandconsumers.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，共12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。U.N.ReportWarnsNatureCrisisAnewU.N.reportfocusesonthenegativeeffectsofhumanactivityonnature.Itsaysonemillionplantandanimalspeciesonland,intheseasandintheskyarenowindangerofextinction.The1,800reporttookthreeyearstofinish.___16___TheEarthhasalwayssufferedfromhumanactivity,itsays.However,thesescratches(劃傷)havebecomedeepscars(傷疤)overthepast50years.Speciesaregoingtoextinctseveralhundredtimesfasterthantheaveragerateduringthepasttenmillionyears.It’ssomethingthathasneverhappenedbeforeinhumanhistory.___17___Since1970,thehumanpopulationhasdoubled.Theglobaleconomyhasgrownbyfourtimes.Tofeed,clotheandgiveenergytothisfast-changingworld,lotsofforestshavebeencutdown.___18___Furthermore,hunting,overfishingandpollutionhavealsobeenkillingspeciesingreatnumbers.Theproblemcanbefixed,thereportsays.___19___Theamountoflandandseathatisunderprotectionneedstoincreaserapidly.ThereportsuggestsgovernmentsmoveawayfromusingGDPasakeymeasureofdevelopment.Long-termeffectsmustbeconsidered,too.ProfessorEduardoBrondizioofIndianaUniversityisanauthorofthereport.Hesays,“Weallknowwhatneedstobedone.Theknowledgeisthere.___20___”A.However,thisrequiresmanychanges.B.Over120wildlifespeciesarefacingextinction.C.Onlyexpertsknowhowtoaddresstheproblem.D.Thereportlistedseveralcausesforthesituation.E.Therejustneedstobeagreaterwilltotakeaction.F.Itdrawsontheworkof450scientistsfromdozensofcountries.G.Between1980and2000,onemillionsquarekilometersoftropical(熱帶的)forestwerelost.第三部分：語言運用(共兩節(jié);滿分30分)第一節(jié)：(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D中四個選項選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。WhenJennywasridingabiketothelocalWildlifeCenterlastDecember,shewasscheduledtogobird-watching.Justamileintoherwalk,shesawafemale____21____nearthewater’sedge.Jennyhadworkedatawildbirdrehabilitation(康復)centerand____22____thatswanscanbeaggressive.Butassheapproachedthisone,itdidn’t____23____.Shewascertainthatthebirdneeded____24____attention.Jennyputherjacketoverthebird’sheadtokeepitcalm,____25____pickeditupandhelditinherarms.Andthenathought____26____:WhatshouldIdonow?Herbest____27____wastherehabcenter,butthatwasontheothersideoftown.Howwasshegoingto____28____a17-poundswanonherbikeallthatway.Luckily,some____29____drivingbyofferedher,herbikeandtheswana(n)____30____totherehabcenter.Staffmembersattherehabcenter____31____thattheswanmighthavelead(鉛)poisoning.Theygottheswanbackuponherfeet.____32____,theswanhadabacterialinfection.TwomonthsafterJennycametoher____33____,shepassedaway.It’sa(n)____34____ending,butthestoryshowsjusthowfarpeoplearewillingtogoto____35____animals.21.A.butterfly B.dolphin C.frog D.swan22.A.knew B.revealed C.confirmed D.admitted23.A.leave B.protest C.move D.scare24.A.moral B.chemical C.particular D.medical25.A.intelligently B.carefully C.preciously D.bravely26.A.sprangtomind B.cameupwith C.gaveriseto D.putforwardto27.A.strategy B.solution C.theory D.support28.A.deliver B.export C.transport D.harm29.A.strangers B.workers C.nurses D.doctors30.A.access B.lift C.favor D.attempt31.A.assumed B.illustrated C.informed D.determined32.A.Accidentally B.Gradually C.Sadly D.Consequently33.A.rescue B.habitat C.help D.nest34.A.unexpected B.natural C.destructive D.disappointing35.A.raise B.track C.save D.damage第二節(jié):(共10小題，每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Atotalof16ChineseandItalianvolunteersworeHanfutoparticipateinacarnival(狂歡)inthecityVenice.Cheerfully,theysucceededintheirattempt____36____(represent)thebeautyofChineseclothing.DirectlytransportedfromtheSuzhouSilkMuseum,theclothingwasthemedofHan,Tang,SongandMingdynastiesrespectively.InthiswayChineseculturecouldbebrought____37____(close)tomoreforeignersthanshownonTV.Hanfuhasahistory____38____datesbacktomorethanfourthousandyears.Accordingtolegend,theChineseclothingismadebytheYellowEmperor.Overthefollowingthousandsofyears,thestyleofHanfuchangedintodifferent____39____(variety)ofthecustomsineachdynasty,but____40____(it)basicformhasnotchangedmuch.Onemajorfeatureofitiskuanpaodaxiu,meaningclosedfull-bodygarmentwithwideandloosesleeves,thus____41____(create)afree,flowingandelegantimpression.Clothingis____42____importantcarrierofculturalheritage,andHanfufullyembodiesChinesecharacteristicsincludinggentle,comfortable,elegantandcalmpersonalities.Inrecentyears,people’senthusiasmfortraditionalculture____43____(rise),andtheincreaseoftheinheritanceofChineseclothingculturehasalsoarisen.WearingHanfuinatriporinapartyhasbecomeanewtrendamongyoungpeople.TherevivalofHanfuisanew____44____(explore)ofthebeautyofChineseclothingbycontemporarypeople,_____45_____alsorepresentsthenewrecognitionofthevalueoftraditionalculturebytheyoungergeneration.第四部分：寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)﹙滿分15分﹚46.假定你是李華，上周末去鄉(xiāng)村參加了為期一天的環(huán)保宣傳活動。請給筆友Mike寫一封信，介紹這次活動。內容包括：1.參加人員；2.活動內容；3.你的感受。注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47.閱讀下面材料,根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文?！癐sthisallIgot?”askedmydaughter,Allison.“Iaskedforanewcellphone!”“Whatkindofbirthdayisthis?”askedmyson,Blake.BlakeandAllisonaretwins.Everyyear,Igavethembirthdaypresents.Buttheyalwaysfeltunhappyaboutnotreceivingsomethingontheirwishlist.IknewIhadsomewhatspoiled(寵壞)them,butIhadnoideaitwasthisbad.Iwasinshock.Howself-centeredandunappreciativecouldmychildrenbe?Iwasdeterminedtodosomething.Ifoundafamilylivingonafarmthatbadlyneededhelp.Therewerefourchildreninthefamilyagedfromthreetoeight.Ibegantovisitthemeverytwomonths.Soon,AllisonandBlake’sbirthdaywasdrawingnear.Idecidedtointroducethemtoth