專題10新課學(xué)習(xí)Unit1（語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)寫作過關(guān)）

第11講新課學(xué)習(xí)必修第三冊(cè)Unit1（語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)&寫作過關(guān)）目錄語(yǔ)法導(dǎo)航：學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)寫作導(dǎo)航：?jiǎn)卧獙懽饔洃浶≡嚺５叮涸~句精練+能力提升Ving做定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)：1.todo(表目的和將來）doing(ving)(表主動(dòng)和正在進(jìn)行）：現(xiàn)在分詞、動(dòng)名詞done（ved）(表被動(dòng)和完成）動(dòng)詞ing形式由“動(dòng)詞原形+ing”構(gòu)成。動(dòng)詞ing形式可在句中作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，但是不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)。一．Ving做表語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞做表語(yǔ)Theargumentisveryconvincing．.Theywereveryshockedatthenews.分詞作表語(yǔ)，多表示主語(yǔ)具有的特征和狀態(tài)。現(xiàn)在分詞（doing）作表語(yǔ)，多表示主語(yǔ)具有的特征，常譯為令人……;過去分詞作表語(yǔ)(done)，多表示主語(yǔ)具有的狀態(tài)，常譯為感到……。動(dòng)名詞做表語(yǔ)（1）.Seeingisbelieving.（2）.Herjobiscleaningthewindowsofthathighbuilding.動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)與主語(yǔ)通常是對(duì)等的關(guān)系，表示主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容，主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)可互換位置。Ving做現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在分詞說明主語(yǔ)的特征；動(dòng)名詞說明主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容。因此，動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)可以和主語(yǔ)互換位置，而現(xiàn)在分詞不可以作主語(yǔ)。即學(xué)即練單句語(yǔ)法填空①Itis(amaze)thattheboyisabletosolvetheproblemsoquickly.②Buyingacarissimply(waste)money.③Pleasestopmakingthenoise—it’sgetting(annoy)．完成句子④Ourjobis.我們的工作就是演奏各種音樂?！敬鸢浮?.amazing2.wasting3.annoying4.playingallkindsofmusic_二．Ving做定語(yǔ)1.Ving作前置定語(yǔ)——相當(dāng)于形容詞動(dòng)詞ing形式作定語(yǔ)的意義動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)表示名詞的性質(zhì)、特征或用途?，F(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表示名詞的狀態(tài)：進(jìn)行、主動(dòng)。2.Ving做后置定語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞（doing）短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常做后置定語(yǔ)，其作用相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句?？偨Y(jié)：1.ing形式作定語(yǔ)：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)動(dòng)詞的ing形式作定語(yǔ),位于被修飾名詞的前面,相當(dāng)于形容詞，表示被修飾者的作用和功能，被修飾者的性質(zhì)和用途，被修飾者正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。ing形式短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。2.ing形式作表語(yǔ)：可分為現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞現(xiàn)在分詞可看做形容詞，翻譯為“使人……的”即學(xué)即練一．單句語(yǔ)法填空①Whenwegotacall(say)shewasshortlisted,wethoughtitwasajoke.【答案】句意：當(dāng)我們接到說她被列入候選名單時(shí)，我們以為這是個(gè)玩笑。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“____(say)shewasshortlisted”作call的定語(yǔ)，call和say之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞ing形式。②Theparkwasfullofpeople,(enjoy)themselvesinthesunshine.【答案】句意：公園里有很多人，他們?cè)陉?yáng)光下玩得很開心。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“____(enjoy)themselvesinthesunshine”作people的定語(yǔ)，people和enjoy之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞ing形式，表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。③Awarmdrinkofmilkbeforebedhaslongbeenthebestchoiceforthose(want)agoodnight’ssleep.【答案】句意：對(duì)于那些想睡一夜好覺的人來說，睡前喝一杯熱牛奶一直是最佳選擇。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“____(want)agoodnight’ssleep”作those的定語(yǔ)，those和want之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞ing形式。二．句型轉(zhuǎn)換④Thetaxithattookustotheairportbrokedown.→Thetaxi____ustotheairportbrokedown.⑤Theproblemthatisbeingdiscussedisaboutfoodsafety.→Theproblem___isaboutfoodsafety.⑥Thestudentstayedintheroomusedforreadingforanhour.→Thestudentstayed___foranhour.⑦Thatwasanexperiencethatfrightenedeveryone.→Thatwas___.【答案】4.taking5.beingdiscussed6.inthereadingroom7.afrighteningexperience三．用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Enteringtheroom，IfoundMary(sit)atthedeskandplayingputergames.2．Women(look)aftersmallchildreninthiscityusuallygetpaidmonthly.3．Theresultofthegamewas(disappoint)．4．Ifeltsomeone(pat)meontheshoulder.5．IheardMrWhite(sing)inthenextdoorwhenIpassedby.6．Thechildren(practise)playingtheviolinovertherewillgiveaperformancenextweek.7．Chinaisa(develop)countrywhileAmericaisa(develop)country.8．Herjobis(keep)thelecturehallascleanaspossible.9．Theproblemthatheraisedatthemeetingwasquite(surprise)．10．Theman(wear)asadlooksaid,“I’velostmywallet.”11．Thehouse(build)fortheoldistobepletednextmonth.12．Thishardworkingstudentfinallyworkedoutthe(puzzle)problem.13．Doyouknowtheboy(play)basketball?14．Theman(talk)tomymotherismyuncle.15．Thestranger(stand)infrontofmyhousecaughtmyattention.【答案】1.sitting2.looking3.disappointing4.patting5.singing6.practising7.developing，developed8.keeping9.surprising10.wearing11.beingbuilt12.puzzling13.playing14.talking15.standing四．完成句子1．Thebuildingisourteachingbuilding.(build)正在建造的那座大樓是我們的教學(xué)樓。2．Idon’tthinkherjokeisatall.(amuse)我認(rèn)為她的玩笑一點(diǎn)也不好笑。3．Theylivedinahouse.(face)他們住在一個(gè)面向大海的房子里。4．sheworkedevenharder.(follow)在接下來的幾年中，她學(xué)習(xí)更努力了。5．Whathelikesmostis.(playjokeson)他最喜歡的是取笑別人。6．Whoistheboy？(stand)站在那兒的男孩是誰(shuí)？7．Hewasan(inspire)他是一個(gè)鼓舞人心的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。8．Hisbrother,，livesinBeijing.(workas)他那個(gè)當(dāng)教師的哥哥住在北京。9．Theboysaremyclassmates.聚集在校門口的那些男孩是我的同學(xué)。10．Thefurnitureinalargeshoppingcenteresinavarietyofcolorsandshapes,andfromroundtosquare.大型超市里的家具有各種顏色和形狀，從黑色到白色，從圓形到方形?！敬鸢浮?.beingbuilt2.amusing3.facingthesea4.Inthefollowingyears5.playingjokesonothers6.inspiringleader_7.inspiringleader8.workingasateacher9.gatheringattheschoolgate10.rangingfromblacktowhite敘事類記敘文的寫作敘事類記敘文以敘述事件為主，突出事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和結(jié)果。在寫這類記敘文時(shí)要注意其常用的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)和寫作技巧?！酒陆Y(jié)構(gòu)】1．開篇：文章開篇交代事件的背景——時(shí)間(when)、地點(diǎn)(where)、人物(who)、事件的起因(why)、經(jīng)過(how)和結(jié)果(what)。2．主體：重在敘述事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展以及結(jié)果，可分若干段落來寫。3．結(jié)尾：呼應(yīng)標(biāo)題，發(fā)表感想、愿望等?！緦懽骷记伞?．標(biāo)題：明確、鮮明，指明事件或主題。2．線索：清晰。可以以時(shí)間變化、地點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)換和事件發(fā)展為線索。3．寫作順序：通常采用順敘的方式，也可根據(jù)實(shí)際需要采用倒敘、插敘等方式。4．寫作手法：以敘述和描寫為主，敘述交代事件發(fā)展，描寫刻畫人物形象。5．過渡：描述時(shí)間變化、地點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)換、事件發(fā)展時(shí)要用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞，使結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。6．人稱：第一人稱(給人以親切感、真實(shí)感)；第三人稱(顯得比較客觀)。7．時(shí)態(tài)：一般過去時(shí)為主，可根據(jù)需要適當(dāng)使用其他時(shí)態(tài)。黃金模板(開篇：陳述基本信息)Itis________！Iexperienced________(節(jié)日名稱).Ifelt________(總的感受).(主體：圍繞具體事件展開陳述)Thedateof________(節(jié)日名稱)is________；Thecustomis________________________________________________________________________；________(傳統(tǒng)的歷史情況).Thefirstactivityis________；Thesecondactivityis________.(結(jié)尾：表述感想或體會(huì))Finally，Ifelt________(體會(huì)和感受)：butthisisanunforgettableexperience.I’mlookingforwardto________.練習(xí)1你校英語(yǔ)報(bào)Festival欄目正面向全校學(xué)生征稿,請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)寫一篇短文，介紹你的一次節(jié)日經(jīng)歷，并投稿。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫寫作指導(dǎo)本寫作可以分為三部分：第一部分：說明節(jié)日名稱并簡(jiǎn)單介紹；第二部分：具體敘述節(jié)日的準(zhǔn)備活動(dòng)和慶?；顒?dòng)；第三部分：總結(jié)節(jié)日經(jīng)歷并表明自己的感受。TheMidAutumnFestivalTheMidAutumnFestival,whichisoneofthemostpopulartraditionalfestivalsinChina,fallsonthefifteenthdayoftheeighthmonthofthelunarcalender.Itisagreattimeforfamiliestogettogether.IstillremembermyfamilycelebratingtheMidAutumnFestivallastyear.Duringtheday,wepreparedallthedishesforagreatfeastandboughtseveraltypesofmooncakes.Asdarknessfell,allmyfamilyenjoyedthedeliciousmooncakes,variousfruitsandothertastyfoodwhileadmiringtheshiningmoon.Overdinner,wetalkedaboutwhatwasgoingonwithusrecently.Itwasareallyjoyfulfestivalexperience.Thefestivalexperiencemademerealizetheimportanceoffamilyandinspiredmetospendmoretimewithmyfamily.練習(xí)2假設(shè)你是李華。你遠(yuǎn)在美國(guó)的筆友Jack對(duì)中國(guó)的春節(jié)很感興趣，他來信詢問有關(guān)情況。請(qǐng)你給他回一封電子郵件，應(yīng)包括如下要點(diǎn)：1．春節(jié)在中國(guó)的地位；2．春節(jié)持續(xù)的時(shí)間；3．春節(jié)期間人們的活動(dòng)；4．你對(duì)春節(jié)的態(tài)度。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2．可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，以使行文連貫；3．開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會(huì)SpringFestivalGalaDearJack，Yours，LiHua【答案】DearJack，Thanksforyoure-mail.I'mgladtotellyousomethingaboutChineseSpringFestival.Asyouknow,theSpringFestivalisthemostimportantfestivalinChina,justlikeChristmasinthewest.ItfallsonthelastdayofthelunaryearandlastsuntiltheLanternFestival.Beforethefestivales,peoplecleananddecoratetheirhousestoweletheNewYear.OnNewYear'sEve,peopleusuallygettogethertowatchannualSpringFestivalGalaonTVwhileeatingdeliciousfood.DuringthefestivalpeoplegofromhousetohousetopayaNewYearvisittotheirrelativesandfriends.Asachild,IliketheSpringFestivalverymuchbecauseIcansetofffirecrackersandgetredpacketsfrommyparentsandrelativesaswell.HowdoyouliketheSpringFestival?Ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.Yours，LiHua詞句精練一.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Herjobiskeeping(keep)thelecturehallascleanaspossible.2．Cleaning(clean)womeninbigcitiesusuallygetpaidbythehour.3．Noonehaseupwithaconvincing(convince)explanationofwhythiskindofanimalisdyingout.4．Yesterday，ourmanager，representing(represent)ourpany，madeaspeechatthemeeting.5．Themenworking(work)forextrahoursgotanextrapay.6．Theroomisemptyexceptforabookshelfstanding(stand)inonecorner.7．Thehousesbeingbuilt(build)arefortheteachers.8．Theselanternshangingalongthestreetareamazing(amaze)．9．Thenewsissoexciting(excite)thatallthestudentsjumpedwithjoy.10．Theworkers'taskiscollecting(collect)informationfromallthematerial.二.短文語(yǔ)法填空Thereisawonderfulstoryaboutayounggirl1.having(have)nofamilyandnoonetoloveher.Oneday，2.feeling(feel)verysadandlonely，shewaswalkingthroughagrasslandwhenshenoticedasmallbutterfly3.caught(catch)inathornybush.Theyounggirlcarefullyreleasedthebutterfly.Insteadof4.flying(fly)away，thelittlebutterflychangedintoabeautifulfairy.“Inreturnforyourwonderfulkindness，”thegoodfairysaidtothegirl，“Iwillgiveyouanywishthatyouwouldlike5.toget(get)．”Thelittlegirlthoughtforamomentandthenreplied，“Iwanttobehappy.”6．Leaning(lean)towardher,thefairywhisperedinherearandthendisappeared.Withthelittlegirl7.growing(grow)up，therewasnooneinthelandhappierthanshewas.Everyonewantedtomakethemselves8.told(tell)thesecretofhappinessbyher.Shewouldonlysmileandanswer，“ThesecretofmyhappinessisthatIlistenedtoagoodfairywhenIwasalittlegirl.”Whenshewasdying,theneighborsallgatheredaroundher，9.fearing(fear)thatherunbelievablesecretofhappinesswoulddiewithher.Sotheybeggedhertotellthemwhatthegoodfairysaid.Thelovelyoldwomansimplysmiledandsaid，“Shetoldmethateveryone,nomatterhowoldoryoung,howrichorpoor，hadneedofme.”Hearingthe10.interesting(interest)story，everyonebecamehappierfromthenon.能力提升一．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Itisobviousthatthevariousfestivalsaretimesof__1__(happy),funandexcitement,notofsadness.Theyhavemanyorigins.Someare__2__(religion)andsomeareseasonal.EasterisanimportantfestivalforChristiansallovertheworld.Peoplearethankfulbecausetheirfood__3__(gather)forthewinterandtheagriculturalworkisover.Somefestivalsareheld__4__(honor)orsatisfyandpleasethedead.InJapanafestivaliscalledObon.Theyhavelampsonandplaymusic__5__theythinkthiswillhelpthedeadbacktoEarth.TheDragonBoatFestivalhonorsthefamousancient__6__(poem),QuYuan,ColumbusDayisinmemory__7__thearrivalofColumbusintheNewWorld.IndiahonorsMohandasGandhiwhohelpedgainIndia'sindependencefromBritain.And__8__mostenergeticandimportantfestivalsaretheonesthatlookforwardtotheendofwinterandtothe__9__(e)ofspring,suchastheLunarNewYear,onwhichpeoplegettogethertoeat,drinkandhavefunwitheachother.Nomatterwhatthereasonis,festivalsarealwaystimesforgreatfeastswithlotstoeat,specialandoftennewclothingtowearand__10__(general)lotsoffun.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了各地的一些節(jié)日以及它們的起源。1．happiness【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。介詞of后面接名詞，happiness和fun,excitement并列作賓語(yǔ)。2．religious【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處是用形容詞作表語(yǔ)。3．isgathered【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。此處指食物被收集好了，且表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。4．tohonor【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處用動(dòng)詞不定式表示目的。5．because【解析】考查連詞。此處表示原因。6．poet【解析】考查名詞。此處表示“詩(shī)人”，所以用poet。7．of【解析】考查介詞。固定搭配inmemoryof“為了紀(jì)念”。8．the【解析】考查冠詞。定冠詞the放在最高級(jí)前面。9．ing【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處表示春天的到來。根據(jù)定冠詞the以及后面的介詞of可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞形式。10．generally【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾整個(gè)句子，表示“通?！?。二．閱讀理解YouthfootballteammembersrescuedmorethantwoweeksaftersuddenfloodingtrappedtheminacaveinThailandarenowbeingwelllookedafteratahospitalinthenortherncityofChiangRai.Inadditiontotreatingtheboysforpotentialbodyfluidloss,inadequatenutritionandlackofoxygen,theirdoctorsalsoplantocloselymonitorthemforsymptomsofdiseasesthatmayhavebeeninfectedbyanimalslivinginthecave.“Thenextstepistomakesurethosekidsandtheirfamiliesaresafe,becauselivinginacaveprovidesadifferentenvironment,whichmightcontainanimalsthatcouldtransmit...disease,”saidthelocalhospital.Theboysandtheirfamilymembershavebeentoldtowatchforsymptomssuchasheadache,nausea(反胃),musclepainordifficultybreathing,thereportsadded.Yetbasedonthelocationwheretheboysweretrapped—morethanfourkilometersfromthecaveplexsmainentrance,pastsomefullysubmergedpassages—andthefacttheyhavebeenswimmingoutwearingfullscubafacemasks,itseemsunlikelythattheywerelivingwithbatsinthecaveorbreathedinbatassociatedbacteriaduringtheirrescue,severalinfectiousdiseaseexpertssaid.“Itshardtoimaginebatsgotthatdeepintothecavebecauseofallthosenarrowpassageways,butitispossible,”saysIanLipkin,ananimalexpertandprofessorattheMailmanSchoolofPublicHealthatColumbiaUniversity.“Itsunlikelythattherewouldbemanyanimalsinthere,”notesJonathanEpstein,adoctoratEcoHealthAlliance,anonprofitorganizationthatstudiesdiseasesandhowtopreventthem.Batstypicallyliketorestinareastheycaneasilyenterandexit,notinplacesthatfullyflood,headds.BatsinThailandhavebeenlinkedwithawiderangeofvirusesthataresimilartosevereacuterespiratorysyndrome(SARS)—Lipkinsays.Butitseemsmorelikelytheboyswouldhavebeenexposedtoinfectioncausingbacteriawhentheyswamthroughthedirtywaterwithcutsandscrapes.“Ifyouaretryingtoprioritizeissueswithrespecttohealthcareforthesekids,numberonewouldbepsychologicaldamageandsecondwillbebacterialinfectionsfromthecutsandscrapestheymayhaveencountered,”Lipkinsays.1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTthepotentialsymptomoftherescuedteammembers?bodywater. nutrition.intheheadandmuscles. oxygen.2.Theunderlinedword“submerged”inParagraph3means.

thewater