2023年河南省駐馬店市經(jīng)開區(qū)高考英語二模試卷

2023年河南省駐馬店市經(jīng)開區(qū)高考英語二模試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）

A

Natureembracesuswithbeauty.Below,youwilllearnalistoffamousnaturalreserves.

NaturalParkoftheCoralSea

NewCaledoniaisfamousforitsbeautifulnature,diversespeciesandwonderfulcoastalecosystems.The

NaturalParkoftheCoralSeasafeguardslargemarine（海洋的）habitatsvitaltotheinhabitants,wildlife,

andenvironmentalprotectionoftheterritoriesinthesouth-westemPacificregion.TheNaturalParkofthe

CoralSeainNewCaledoniaisashelterforsharks,whalesandturtles.Uniqueworld-classdivinglocations

canbefoundintheNaturalParkoftheCoralSea.

PacificRemoteIslandsMarineNationalMonument

LocatedinthecentralPacificOcean,thePacificRemoteIslandsMonumentareaincludesseven

islands.Thereare165identifiedoceanicplatesinthesitesofdiversityandspeciesrich-ness.ltisoneofthe

mostbeautifultropicalmarinehabitats.Theislandhostscorals,fish,shellfish,marinemammals,seabirds,

landbirds,insects,andtheflora（植物群）existingnowhereelseontheplanet.

SouthGeorgiaandSouthSandwichIslandsMarineProtectedArea（SGSSI-MPA）

SGSSI-MPAisavastnaturalpreservationandconservationareainthefarsouthernAtlanticOcean.Dueto

theisolatedgeographyandfreezingweatherthroughouttheyear,fewinhabitantsliveinthislocation.The

marinereserve,slawsinthislocationarehighlyrestrictive,withnocommercialfishingpermitted.

CoralSeaMarinePark

Theparkisoneoftheworld'slargestmarineparksandislocatedoffthecoastlinesout-sidetheGreat

BarrierReefCoralreefs,deep-seaplainsandcanyons（峽谷）areamongtheuniqueecosystemsfound

intheCoralSeaMarineParkAdditionaIIy,themarineparkpreservessixteenbottomecosystems,

includingcanyonsandplains.ltconsistsof34largereefzonesand15,000squarekilometersofshallow

reefsystemsfollowedbymuchmarinelife.

1.WhatisspecialaboutthePacificRemoteIslandsMarineNationalMonument?

A.Shellfish.B.Richspecies.C.Uniqueflora.D.Sevenislands.

2.WhydofewpeopleliveinSGSSI-MPA?

A.Theclimateistooextreme.

B.Ifsalargepreservationarea.

C.Commercialfishingisbanned.

D.?fsfarfromtheAtlanticOcean.

3.Whatdothefourreserveshaveincommon?

A.TheyareinthePacificOcean.B.Theyaremarinereserves.

C.Theyhavesomecanyons.D.Theycontainplains.

B

BorninFrance,butraisedinSpain,linguisticsandliteratureprofessorJuanJoseCiruelaAlferezfromthe

UniversityofGranadaispassionateaboutChineseliteratureandhasbeendoingsomeresearchabout

it.Withpainstakingeffort,hisSpanishtranslationofaChineseclassicwaspublishedlastyear.

Ciruelasaidtranslatingthenovelwasaninterestingchallenge.Inrecentyears,manyChineseworkshave

beenintroducedtoSpain.However,asmostofthemhadbeentranslatedfirstintoEnglishandthenfrom

thallanguageintoSpanish,muchoftheoriginalitywaslost.Forthisreason,whentheSpanishpublishing

houseKailascontactedCiruelatotranslateitdirectlyfromChinese,heacceptedthemissionimmediately,

evenifitpresenteddifficultieslikeaheavyworkloadwithinashorttimelimit.

',Iencounteredvariousdifficulties,especiallyatthebeginningofthetask,"saidCiruelainan

interview.nThisnovel,inparticular,needsapriorreadingprocessinwhichthetransla-torgetsintotheplot

andthecharacters,sinceatfirstitisdifficulttoentertheworldthatthenovelconstantlyraises.SoIreadthe

novelfirstinChinese,payingattentiontoallthosedetailsandhowallofthatcouldbetranslatedinaway

thattheSpanishreaderswouldunderstand."

ForCiruela,themostimportantcriterionwhentranslatingisfidelity(忠誠)totheoriginaltext.While

itistruethatonecannotalwaysbestrictlyfaithful,hebelievestranslatorsshouldnotbetoofarfrom

originaltexts.Forexample,thetranslationofCulturemes(expresssionsofcultureinlanguage)isquite

complicatedduetotheculturalgapbetweenSpanishandChinese.Ciruelabelievesthatthesemustalways

beappropriatetothespecificfunctiontheyperformwithinthetext,ineachspecificcaseandmoment.

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase',thatlanguage,'probablyreferto?

A.Spanish.B.English.C.Chinese.D.French.

5.WhatcausedCiruelatotranslatetheChineseclassic?

A.HispassionforSpanishliterature.

B.Hisdeterminationtopopularizeit.

C.ThelackofitsdirecttranslationintoSpanish.

D.ThelossofdiversityinSpanishtranslation.

6.Whataspectofthetranslationtaskdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?

A.Itsbarrier.B.Itsprinciple.C.Itsstyle.D.Itsmeaning.

7.WhatdoesCiruelathinkisthemostimportantintranslation?

A.Meetingreaders*needs.B.Targetingculturalphenomena.

C.Bridgingtheculturalgap.D.Beingloyaltotheoriginaltext.

C

Someoftheworld,slargesttelescopesarelisteningforsignalsfromdistantaliencivilizations.Thesearchis

anefforttofindartificial-lookingsignalsthatmighthavecomefromatechnologicallyadvanced

civilizationinafar-awaysolarsystem.

Itisanewtimeforthesearchforextraterrestrial（外星球的）intelligenceresearch,knownasSETI,

whichisopeningupthankstomachine-learningtechnology.Theproblemofbigdataisrelativelynewfor

SETI.Fordecades,thefieldhadbeenlimitedbyhavinghardlyanydataatall.AstronomerFrankD.Drake

pioneeredSETIin1960,whenhepointedatelescopetowardstwostarsandlistenedforradio

transmissions.MostoftheSETIsearchesthatfollowedwerealsolimitedtoasmallnumberofstars.

Butin2015,thebiggestSETIprogrammeeverinCalifornia：theBreakthroughListenprojectsearched

onemillionstarsforsignsofintelligentlife.Theprojectlooksforradioemissionsthatcomefromthe

directionofastar.

Thetroubleisthatthesesearchesgetalotofdata—includingfalsepositivesfrommobilephones,GPSand

otheraspectsofmodernlif?."ThebiggestchallengeforusinlookingforSETIsignalsisnotatthispoint

gettingthedata,',saysSofiaZ.Sheikh,anastronomerattheSETIInstitute."Thedifficultpartisto

distinguishsignalsfromhumanorEarthtechnologyfromthekindofsignalswe'dbelookingforfrom

technologysomewhereelseoutintheGalaxy.',

Goingthroughmillionsofresultsofobservationmanually（手動地）isn'tpractical.Acommonapproach

istousealgorithms（算法）.Machine-learningalgorithmsaretrainedonlargeamountsofdataandcan

learntorecognizefeaturesthatarecharacteristicofearthlyinterference.

"Still,SETIwillprobablycontinuetouseamixtureofclassicalandmachine-learningapproachestosort

throughdata,"saysJean-LucMargot,aprofessoratUCLA."Classicalalgorithmsremainexcellentat

pickingupsignals,andmachine-learningcannotsolvealltheproblemsofparticularsituations."

8.WhathadlimitedSETIfordecades?

A.Artificial-lookingsignals.B.Machine-learningtechnology.

C.Beingshortofdata.D.Dealingwithbigdata.

9.WhatcanweknowaboutSETIbeforetheBreakthroughListenproject?

A.Itonlysearchedafewstars.

B.Itfoundsignsofintelligentlife.

C.Itstoredalargenumberofsigns.

D.Itsearchedfalsedatafrommanystars.

10.Whyaremachine-learningalgorithmsusedtodealwithdata?

A.Itisskilledinpickingupsignals.

B.Itcandecreaseearthlyinterference.

C.Ifsunnecessarytoemploymanypeopletodothejob.

D.ItcanrecognizesignalsfromEarthefficiently.

11.WhatcanWeinferfromJean-LucMargot'swords?

A.Scientistswillabandonclassicalalgorithms.

B.It,sahardjobtosortthroughahugeamountofdata.

C.Machine-learningwillreplaceclassicalapproaches.

D.Classicalalgorithmswillcontinuetobeadopted.

D

Asthecostsoffuel,groceriesandhousingincreasesuddenlyaroundtheworld,scientistsarefighting

inflation（通貨膨脹）atthebench.Almostallitemsneededtoconductsciencearemoreexpensivethan

theywerejustayearago.Andthatmeansthatnearlyeveryresearcherisfeelingthepressure."Nobodyis

immunetothiseconomy,"saysTolaOlorunnisola,wholeadsinnovationinthelabatAvantor,an

internationalscience-managementcompanyinPennsylvania.OlorunnisolavisitedlabsintheNetherlands,

SwitzerlandandIrelandtohelpresearchersfindwaystoenlargetheirbudgets,"Scientistsarebecoming

moreconsciousofcosts,"shesays.

Theincreaseinlabcostshasforcedscientiststomakesomedifficultchoices.Scientificbudgetsarepretty

fixed.Iftheypaydoubleforsomething,itmeansthey,renotbuyingsome-thingelse.Scientistscankeep

theirresearchprojectsmovingforward,buttoavoidoverspendingontheirbudgets,they,llprobablyneed

toadjusttheirbuyinghabitsandtakestepstomaketheirlabsmoreefficient.

JulienSage,acancerresearcherandgeneticistatStanfordUniversityinCalifornia,estimatesthatlab

supplieshistoricallyaccountforroughly20%ofhisoverallbudget,buthesaysthatthebalanceisshifting.

Withoutsignificantboostsinfundingtokeeppacewithinflation,it'suptoscientiststofindcreativeways

todiminishcosts.Oneoptionistorethinkexperimentaldesign.

nItwillprobablytakemorethandiscountsfromlab-supplycompaniestotrulyprotectscientistsfromthe

impactofrisingprices,,'Sagesays."Unlesssomethingisdoneonalargescaletoeitherstabilizecostsor

increasefunding,scienceislikelytosuffer.Ifyouhavelessmoney,you'regoingtohavefewerpeopleor

belessproductive,whichmeansyou'regoingtohavefewergrants（撥款），whichmeansyou,regoing

tohavefewerpeople.That,sprobablyhappeningtoalotoflabsthesedays,andthequestionis：Whenis

itgoingtostop?"

12.ForwhatdidOlorunnisolavisitsomelabsindifferentplaces?

A.Seeinghowresearchersstruggleagainstinflation.

B.Provingeveryonehastofacetherisingprice.

C.Learningaboutthepressureofresearchers.

D.Helpingresearchersovercomeeconomicdifficulty.

13.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Thecauseofincreasinglabcosts.

B.Theeffectsoftherisinglabcosts.

C.Thetoughchoicesofresearchers.

D.Thewaysofmakinglabsefficient.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword,'diτninish,,meaninparagraph4?

A.Reduce.B.Calculate.C.Restore.D.Keep.

15.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Scientistsfacemanyproblems.

B.Thepriceofgoodsisrisingquickly.

C.Labshavetotightensuppliesbudgets.

D.Peopleholddifferentopinionsofprice.

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共10.0分)

Toshowempathy(同感6自力)istoidentifywithanother,sfeelings.(1)Theabilitytoempathize

isdirectlydependentonyourabilitytofeelyourownfeelingsandidentifythem.

Ifyouhaveneverfeltacertainfeeling,itwillbehardforyoutounderstandhowanotherpersonis

feeling.Thisholdsequallytrueforpleasureandpain.Ifyouhaveneverputyourhandinaflame,youwill

notknowthepainoffire.Similarly,ifyouhaveneverfeltdefiant(違抗的),youwillnotunderstandthose

feelings.(2)

(3)Ourinnate(天生的)emotionalintelligencegivesustheabilitytoquicklyrecallthose

instancesandformassociationswhenweencounterdiscriminationagain.(4)Thisisoneofthe

waysnatureslowlyevolvestowardsahigherlevelofsurvival.Inotherwords,overtime,awarenessofour

ownfeelingsmayleadustotreatothersinamorepro-survivalway.

Forthisprocesstowork,thefirststepisthatWemustbeabletoexperienceourownemotions.Thismeans

Wemustbeopentothemandnotdistractourselvesfromthemortrytonumb(使麻木)ourselvesfrom

ourfeelings.Next,Weneedtobecomeawareofwhatweareactuallyfeeling-toacknowledge,identify,

andacceptourfeelings.(5)Thatisonereasonwhyitisimportanttoworkonyourownemotional

awarenessandsensitivity.

A.Onlythencanweunderstandanotherperson,sfeelings.

B.Itistoemotionallyputyourselfintheplaceofothers.

C-Therefbre,itisatopprioritytohelpchildrenstayintouchwiththeirfeelings.

D.Onceyouhavefeltdiscriminatedagainst,itiseasiertounderstandthatfeeling.

E.Wethencanusethe"reliving',ofthoseemotionstoguideourthinkingandactions.

Fjntellectuallyknowingaboutafeelingisdifferentfromactuallyexperiencingityourself.

G.Ifonecannotgetonwellwithothers,itisbecausetheydonothavethesamefeelings.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共20小題，共30.0分)

DuringtheChicagoMarathon,thousandsofrunnerswereshortofbreathattheendoftherace(1)

,onerunnerdreweveryone,sattentionbecauseofhis(2)abilitytorunentiremarathons

withjust30percentlungcapacity.

RussellWinwoodwasdiagnosedwithCOPD(慢性阻塞性肺疾病)in2011.(3),onOctober

9,2022,herantheChicagoMarathonwhile(4)fortheCOPDFoundation.Win-woodfinished

themarathoninatimeof6：28：33.That'sa(n)(5)performanceifyou(6)his

terriblelungcondition.AlthoughWinwoodhasgotthe(7)forthe2023TokyoMarathon,he

hopesto(8)inBerlininthenextcoupleofyearsbeforehisdoctorfinallytellshimit,stimetoquit.

Whenhewas36,hehadastroke(中風(fēng))duetohis(9)andunhealthyIifestyle.Afterhe(10)

,hedecidedtogethis(11)back.Inresponse,hegaveupsmoking,cutdownondrinking

alcoholand(12)sports.AsWinwoodoftengotlunginfections,hevisiteda(n)(13)

in2011todeterminethecause.Afteraseriesof(14),Winwoodwasdiagnosedwith

COPD.Doctorstoldhimhewouldprobablyneedalungtransplantwithinfiveyears.ltwasabig(15)

forWinwood,andhethenthoughthewouldrunmarathonsaroundtheworldandraisemoneyfor

charities.

WhenWinwoodwatchedhisfriendcompleteanIronmantriathlon(鐵人三項(xiàng)),hewas(16)

andbegantotrythedistance.Winwood,sdoctor(17)himitwouldn,tbepossibletofinishgiven

thelimitationsofhisdisease,buthestillgaveitatryandatthe2012IronmanAustraliarace,Winwood

finishedin16：50：54.,,Iliketoprovepeople(18),,,Winwoodsaid.

Runningfullmarathonsisquitea(n)(19)foranyable-bodiedperson,letalonesome-onewho

strugglesto(20).Winwoodispushinghimselfonwardandinspiringmillionswithhis

never-say-dieattitude.

21.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.MoreoverD.Otherwise

22.A.naturalB.similarC.incredibleD.mysterious

23.A.SurprisinglyB.FortunatelyC.StrangelyD.Secretly

24.A.cheeringB.fundraisingC.advertisingD.volunteering

25.A.academicB.poorC.solidD.disappointing

26.A.recordB.doubtC.treatD.consider

27.A.preferenceB.entryC.regulationD.information

28.A.relaxB.liveC.competeD.travel

29.A.stressB.injuryC.passionD.performance

30.A.appearedB.retiredC.finishedD.survived

31.A.dignityB.healthC.confidenceD.property

32.A.tookupB.gaveupC.observedD.studied

33.A.patientB.coachC.athleteD.doctor

34.A.experimentsB.testsC.assumptionsD.debates

35.A.CoincidenceB.breakthroughC.shockD.decision

36.A.discouragedB.shamedC.movedD.inspired

37.A.warnedB.upsetC.assuredD.cheated

38.A.sillyB.madC.wrongD.uneducated

39.A.opportunityB.dreamC.riskD.challenge

40.A.hearB.breatheC.runD.see

四、語法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

41.WhoownstheEnglishlanguage?Theanswerisnolonger"theBritish".Accordingtothelatest

figures,English(1)(speak)byabout1.75billionpeopleworldwide.

InOxfordUniversityPress'sGiftofWordscampaign,peoplespeakingmorethanonelanguagewere

askedto"gift',awordfromtheirfirsttotheirsecondlanguage,andviceversa(反之亦然).The

responseshighlighteven(2)(many)wordsthatmultilingual(多種語言的)English

speakersfelttheyhadtoborrowfromtheirotherlanguagesforlackofthesamethinginEnglish.

Whilemanyvalue(3)(pure)overdiversityinlanguage,callingborrowedwordsugifts

"is(4)importantwayofexpressionandtheborrowingofwordsispartofthenatural

evolutionofalllivinglanguages.

Contrary(5)popularbelief,itismultilingualismratherthanmonolingualism(單一語

言制)thatisthenorm,withvariousreports(6)(estimate)thatbetween60%and75%

oftheglobalpopulationcanspeakmorethanonelanguage.Andinsuchamultilingual,digitally

interconnectedworld,(7)moreandmorepeoplearebroughttogetherby(8)

(share)interestsandgoals,theinterchangeofwordsbetweenlanguagesandcultureshas

accelerated.

Changingourattitudestowardslanguagevariationisvitaltofightthelinguisticprejudicethatcauses

people(9)(discriminate)againstfornotusingthe"right"wordsorforspeakingin

the"wrong"accent.OnlywhenweshareownershipofEnglishandembracethelanguageinallits

diversitycanit(10)(true)beagiftthateveryonecanbenefitfrom.

(?)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、短文改錯(本大題共1小題，共10.0分)

42.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共

有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(A),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：

(1)每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

（2）只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

Whilemanystudentsadmirefamousstars,IadmiremyEnglishteacher,theyoungwoman,Miss

Li,whotaughtmesinceIstartedseniorhighSchooLAlthoughshehasbeenoutofcollegefortwo

years,butshehasalotofexperienceinteach.SheisverykindandcanspeakEnglishfluent.Ioweall

myprogressesinEnglishtoherbecauseitisshethatmakesmeinterestinEnglish.Whatmakeme

admirehermostishisteachingmethods.Besides,sheisalsoourfriend.Underherhelp,allthe

studentsinmyclasshavegreatinterestinEnglish.

六、書面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）

43.你校英文報(bào)正在組織作文比賽，請你以"FailureIsNotNecessarilyBad”為題寫一篇短文投

稿，內(nèi)容包括：

（1）你的理解；

（2）舉例說明。

注意：

（1）詞數(shù)100左右；

（2）題目已為你寫好。

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】CNAXB

【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PaCifiCRemoteISlandSMarineNationalMonUment部分

Theislandhostscorals,fish,shellfish,marinemammals,seabirds,landbirds,insects,andtheflora（植

物群）existingnowhereelseonthePlanet.（它是最美麗的熱帶海洋棲息地之一。島上有珊瑚、魚類、

貝類、海洋哺乳動物、海鳥、陸鳥、昆蟲和地球上其他地方?jīng)]有的植物群。）可知

PacificRemoteIslandsMarineNationalMonument的特別之處是它有地球上其他地方?jīng)]有的植物群。

故選C。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)

SouthGeorgiaandSouthSandwichIslandsMarineProtectedArea（SGSSI-MPA）部分

Duetotheisolatedgeographyandfreezingweatherthroughouttheyear,

fewinhabitantsliveinthislocation.（由于孤立的地理位置和全年寒冷的天氣，很少有居民住在這個

地方。）可知SGSSl-MPA很少有人居住是因?yàn)闅夂蛱珮O端了。故選A。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)每一部分的NewCaledoniaisfamousforitsbeautifulnature,

diversespeciesandwonderfulcoastalecosystems.TheNaturalParkoftheCoralSeasafeguardslargema

rine（海洋的）habitatsvitaltotheinhabitants,wildlife,

andenvironmentalprotectionoftheterritoriesinthesouth-westernPacificregion.（新喀里多尼亞以其

美麗的自然風(fēng)光、多樣的物種和美妙的沿海生態(tài)系統(tǒng)而聞名。珊瑚海自然公園保護(hù)著對西南太平

洋地區(qū)的居民、野生動物和環(huán)境保護(hù)至關(guān)重要的大型海洋棲息地）；

LocatedinthecentralPacificOcean,

thePacificRemoteIslandsMonumentareaincludessevenislands.Thereare165identifiedoceanicplate

sinthesitesofdiversityandspeciesrich-ness.ltisoneofthemostbeautifultropicalmarinehabitats.（太

平洋偏遠(yuǎn)島嶼紀(jì)念碑區(qū)位于太平洋中部，包括七個島嶼。在生物多樣性和物種豐富的地點(diǎn)，已確

定的海洋板塊有165個。它是最美麗的熱帶海洋棲息地之一）；

SGSSI-MPAisavastnaturalpreservationandconservationareainthefarsouthernAtlanticOcean.

（SGSSI-MPA是位于大西洋南部的一個巨大的自然保護(hù)區(qū)。）以及

Theparkisoneoftheworld'slargestmarineparksandislocatedoffthecoastlinesout-sidetheGreatBa

rrierReefCoralreefs,deep-seaplainsandcanyons（峽

谷）areamongtheuniqueecosystemsfoundintheCoralSeaMarinePark.（該公園是世界上最大的海

洋公園之一，位于大堡礁外的海岸線上。珊瑚礁、深海平原和峽谷是珊瑚海海洋公園獨(dú)特的生態(tài)

系統(tǒng)。）可知四個保護(hù)區(qū)的共同之處是它們是海洋保護(hù)區(qū)。故選B。

本文主要介紹了幾個著名的自然保護(hù)區(qū)，包括珊瑚海自然公園、太平洋偏遠(yuǎn)島嶼海洋國家紀(jì)念碑、

南喬治亞和南桑威奇群島海洋保護(hù)區(qū)和珊瑚海海洋公園。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語

句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

4~7.【答案】B、C、AxD

【解析】（1）詞義指代題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在的句子

Ciruelasaidtranslatingthenovelwasaninterestingchallenge.Inrecentyears,

manyChineseworkshavebeenintroducedtoSpain.However,

asmostofthemhadbeentranslatedfirstintoEnglishandthenfromthatlanguageintoSpanish,

muchoftheoriginalitywaslost.（CirUeIa說翻譯這部小說是一個有趣的挑戰(zhàn)。近年來，許多中國作

品被介紹到西班牙。然而，由于它們大多先被翻譯成英語，然后又被翻譯成西班牙語，許多原創(chuàng)

性都喪失了。）可知劃線詞指的是"English”。故選B。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段HoWeVer,

asmostofthemhadbeentranslatedfirstintoEnglishandthenfromthatlanguageintoSpanish,

muchoftheoriginalitywaslost.Forthisreason,

whentheSpanishpublishinghouseKailascontactedCiruelatotranslateitdirectlyfromChinese,

heacceptedthemissionimmediately,

evenifitpresenteddifficultieslikeaheavyworkloadwithinashorttimeIimit.（近年來，許多中國作品

被介紹到西班牙。然而，由于它們大多先被翻譯成英語，然后又被翻譯成西班牙語，許多原創(chuàng)性

都喪失了。因此，當(dāng)西班牙Kailas出版社聯(lián)系Ciruela直接從中文翻譯時，他立即接受了這個任務(wù)，

即使在短時間內(nèi)工作量很大等困難。）可知CirUela翻譯中國經(jīng)典的原因是以前這些經(jīng)典沒有直接

翻譯成西班牙語。故選C。

（3）段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段"Iencounteredvariousdifficulties,especiallyatthebeginningofthetask,

"saidCiruelainaninterview."Thisnovel,inparticular,

needsapriorreadingprocessinwhichthetranslatorgetsinlotheplotandthecharacters,

sinceatfirstitisdifficulttoentertheworldthatthenovelconstantlyraises.SoIreadthenovelfirstinCh

inese,

payingattentiontoallthosedetailsandhowallofthatcouldbetranslatedinawaythattheSpanishread

erswouldunderstand."（我遇到了各種各樣的困難，尤其是在任務(wù)開始的時候，"Ciruela在一次采

訪中說。尤其是這部小說，譯者需要一個預(yù)先的閱讀過程，進(jìn)入小說的情節(jié)和人物，因?yàn)橐婚_始

很難進(jìn)入小說不斷提出的世界。所以我先讀了中文版本的小說，注意所有的細(xì)節(jié)，以及如何把這

些細(xì)節(jié)翻譯成西班牙讀者能理解的方式?！保┛芍谌沃饕v的是翻譯任務(wù)的障礙。故選A。

（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段ForCirUeIa,themostimportantcriterionwhentranslatingisfideIity

（忠誠）totheorigi-naltext.（對于CirUela來說，翻譯時最重要的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是忠實(shí)于原文。）可知CirUela

認(rèn)為翻譯中最重要的是忠于原文。故選D。

本文主要介紹了西班牙格拉納達(dá)大學(xué)的語言學(xué)和文學(xué)教授JuanJoseCiruelaAlfereZ對中國文學(xué)的

熱情和他翻譯一部中國古典小說的經(jīng)歷。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對

未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事

例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

8~11.【答案】CsAsDxD

【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段FordeCades,

thefieldhadbeenlimitedbyhavinghardlyanydataatall.（幾十年來，由于兒乎沒有任何數(shù)據(jù)，該領(lǐng)

域一直受到限制。）可知限制了SETl幾十年的是缺乏數(shù)據(jù)。故選C。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段AStrOnomerFrankD.DrakepioneeredSETIin1960,

whenhepointedatelescopetowardstwostarsandlistenedforradiotransmissions.MostoftheSETIsear

chesthatfollowedwerealsolimitedtoasmallnumberofStarS.（1960年，天文學(xué)家弗蘭克?d?德雷克

（FrankD.Drake）率先提出了SETl計(jì)劃，當(dāng)時他將望遠(yuǎn)鏡指向兩顆恒星，并收聽無線電傳輸。隨

后的大多數(shù)SETl搜索也僅限于少數(shù)恒星。）可知在"突破聆聽”計(jì)劃之前，SETl只搜索了幾顆星

星。故選A。

（3）推理判斷題。Goingthroughmillionsofresultsofobservationmanually（手動

地）isn'tpractical.Acommonapproachistousealgorithms（算

法）.Machine-learningalgorithmsaretrainedonlargeamountsofdataandcanIeamtorecognizefeatur

esthatarecharacteristicofearthlyinterference.（手動瀏覽數(shù)百萬個觀測結(jié)果是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的。一種常見

的方法是使用算法。機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)算法經(jīng)過大量數(shù)據(jù)的訓(xùn)練，可以學(xué)會識別地球干擾的特征。）可知

要使用機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)算法來處理數(shù)據(jù)是因?yàn)樗苡行У刈R別來自地球的信號。故選D。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Still,

SETIwillprobablycontinuetouseamixtureofclassicalandmachine-learningapproachestosortthrou

ghdata,"saysJean-LucMargot,

aprofessoratUCLA-nClassicalalgorithmsremainexcellentatpickingupsignals,

andmachine-learningcannotsolvealltheproblemsofparticularsituations."（加州大學(xué)洛杉磯分校的

教授Jean-LucMargot說："盡管如此，SETI可能會繼續(xù)使用經(jīng)典和機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)的混合方法來整理數(shù)

據(jù)?！薄苯?jīng)典算法在獲取信號方面仍然很出色，機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)無法解決特定情況下的所有問題?！保┛芍?/p>

我們可以從Jean-LucMargot的話中推斷出經(jīng)典算法將繼續(xù)被采用。故選Do

本文主要介紹了世界上一些最大的望遠(yuǎn)鏡正在尋找來自遙遠(yuǎn)外星文明的信號，這是一項(xiàng)尋找來自

技術(shù)先進(jìn)的外星文明的人工信號的努力。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對

未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事

例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

12~15.【答案】D、B、A、C

【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段OIOrUnniSOlaViSitedIabSinlheNetherlands,

SwitzerlandandIrelandtohelpresearchersfindwaystoenlargetheirbudgets.（Olorunnisola訪問了荷

蘭、瑞士和愛爾蘭的實(shí)驗(yàn)室，幫助研究人員找到擴(kuò)大預(yù)算的方法。）可知Olorunnisola參觀了不

同地方的實(shí)驗(yàn)室是為了幫助研究人員克服經(jīng)濟(jì)困難。故選D。

（2）段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段

Theincreaseinlabcostshasforcedscientiststomakesomedifficultchoices.Scientificbudgetsareprett

y∩xed.Iftheypaydoubleforsomething,

itmeansthey'renotbuyingsome-thingelse.Scientistscankeeptheirresearchprojectsmovingforward,

buttoavoidoverspendingontheirbudgets,

they'llprobablyneedtoadjusttheirbuyinghabitsandtakestepstomaketheirlabsmoreefficient.（實(shí)驗(yàn)

室成本的增加迫使科學(xué)家們做出了一些艱難的選擇?？茖W(xué)預(yù)算是相當(dāng)固定的。如果他們花雙倍的

錢買東西，這意味著他們不買別的東西?？茖W(xué)家們可以繼續(xù)推進(jìn)他們的研究項(xiàng)目，但為了避免預(yù)