貪吃蛇游戲實驗報告

*****************實驗報告實驗名稱：網絡編程基礎實訓教程（貪吃蛇）指導教師：姓名：學號：班級：提交日期：

實驗目的通過開發(fā)一款貪吃蛇游戲程序，熟練掌握C#編程語言、和面向對象程序設計方法，獨立完成一個游戲程序的開發(fā)。實驗題目使用C#編程語言，開發(fā)一款貪吃蛇游戲，如下圖所示。功能描述游戲場地是一片矩形區(qū)域的草坪。一條蛇由蛇頭和蛇身組成。當游戲開始之后，草坪中出現(xiàn)一顆豆和一條蛇，并且蛇不停地移動，蛇移動方向與蛇頭一致。當游戲暫停之后，蛇停止移動。當蛇移動時，玩家使用“↑”、“↓”、“←”和“→”四個鍵控制蛇的移動方向。當蛇頭與豆的位置重合時，豆被蛇吃掉，同時在草坪中再生成一顆新的豆，蛇身增加一節(jié)。當蛇頭碰到蛇身時，則咬斷蛇身，后半部分的蛇身消失。當蛇頭碰到草坪四周時，蛇立即斃命，游戲結束。需求分析根據功能描述可知，貪吃蛇游戲的系統(tǒng)結構圖如下所示。定義數據字典如下：草坪（Lawn）：草坪是貪吃蛇游戲的場地。豆和蛇只能存在于草坪范圍之內。草坪具有大小和顏色等屬性。蛇（Snake）：在貪吃蛇游戲中，蛇由若干節(jié)組成，其中第一節(jié)是蛇頭，其余是蛇身。在游戲過程中，有且僅有一條蛇，并且蛇在不停地移動。如果蛇吃了豆，則蛇生長一節(jié)。如果蛇頭碰到蛇身，則咬斷蛇身，后半部分的蛇身消失。如果蛇頭離開草坪，則蛇死亡游戲結束。蛇具有長度、顏色、運動方向、每一節(jié)的位置等屬性。豆（Bean）：在貪吃蛇游戲中，豆是蛇的食物。在游戲過程中，有且僅有一顆豆。如果蛇吃了豆，則重新生成一顆豆。豆具有位置、大小和顏色等屬性。設計說明根據需求分析可知，Snake的每一節(jié)都有位置和大小等屬性。而Bean也具有這兩個屬性。抽象出二者的共同特征，抽象出一般類Block，用于描述一個塊。Block派生出Bean和SnakeBlock兩個類，其中SnakeBlock類用于描述蛇的一節(jié)。為了使游戲的運行更易于控制，定義Game類用于啟動、暫停和繼續(xù)游戲。根據需求分析可知，Lawn僅包含大小和顏色兩個屬性。為了減少類的數量，可將其大小和顏色等屬性添加到Game類中。綜上所述，在貪吃蛇游戲中，有Block（塊）、Bean（豆）、SankeBlock（節(jié)）、Snake（蛇）、Game（游戲）和MainForm（用戶接口）六個類。貪吃蛇游戲的邏輯模型如下圖所示。MainFormMainFormGameBlockBeanSnakeBlockSnake源代碼Block（塊）類的編碼Block是用來構成Bean（豆）和Snake（蛇）的最基本的單位，是Bean和SnakeBlock的基類。Block類的參考代碼如下。usingSystem;usingSystem.Collections.Generic;usingSystem.Drawing;usingSystem.Text;namespaceWindowsFormsApplication1{classBlock{protectedPointorigion;//Block的左上頂點publicconstintWIDTH=10;//Block的寬度publicconstintHEIGHT=10;//Block的高度protectedColorcolor;//Block的顏色publicBlock(){origion=newPoint(0,0);color=newColor();}publicBlock(intx,inty,Color_color){origion=newPoint(x,y);color=_color;}publicPointOrigion{get{returnorigion;}}publicvoidDisplay(Graphicsg){SolidBrushbrush=newSolidBrush(color);g.FillRectangle(brush,origion.X,origion.Y,WIDTH,HEIGHT);Penpen=newPen(Color.Black);g.DrawRectangle(pen,newRectangle(origion.X,origion.Y,WIDTH-1,HEIGHT-1));}publicvoidClear(Graphicsg,ColorbackGroundColor){SolidBrushbrush=newSolidBrush(backGroundColor);g.FillRectangle(brush,origion.X,origion.Y,WIDTH,HEIGHT);}}}2）Bean（豆）類編碼Bean表示豆，是由Block派生而來的。Bean類的參考代碼如下。usingSystem;usingSystem.Collections.Generic;usingSystem.Drawing;usingSystem.Text;namespaceWindowsFormsApplication1{classBean:Block{publicBean(Color_color){origion=newPoint(0,0);color=_color;}publicvoidCreat(Graphicsg,ColorbackGroundColor,intlawnWidth,intlawnHeight,Snakesnake){Clear(g,backGroundColor);boolbGetAPosition=false;//是否找到生成豆的位置Randomrandom=newRandom();while(!bGetAPosition){origion.X=random.Next(0,lawnWidth-1)/WIDTH*WIDTH;origion.Y=random.Next(0,lawnHeight-1)/HEIGHT*HEIGHT;inti;for(i=0;i<snake.Length;i++){if(origion==snake.blocks[i].Origion)break;}if(i==snake.Length)bGetAPosition=true;}Display(g);}}}3）SnakeBlock（節(jié)）類編碼SnakeBlock表示蛇的一節(jié)，是由Block派生而來的。SnakeBlock類的參考代碼如下：usingSystem;usingSystem.Collections.Generic;usingSystem.Drawing;usingSystem.Text;namespaceWindowsFormsApplication1{classSnakeBlock:Block{privateboolisHead;publicboolIsHead{get{returnisHead;}}publicSnakeBlock(intx,inty,Color_color,bool_isHead){origion=newPoint(x,y);color=_color;isHead=_isHead;}publicvoidChangeHeadToBody(){if(isHead)isHead=false;}publicvoidDisplay(Graphicsg,Directiondirection){base.Display(g);if(isHead){//繪制蛇眼SolidBrushbrush=newSolidBrush(Color.Brown);switch(direction){caseDirection.Up:caseDirection.Down:g.FillRectangle(brush,origion.X+WIDTH/4,origion.Y+HEIGHT/2,2,2);g.FillRectangle(brush,origion.X+WIDTH/4*3,origion.Y+HEIGHT/2,2,2);break;caseDirection.Left:caseDirection.Right:g.FillRectangle(brush,origion.X+WIDTH/2,origion.Y+HEIGHT/4,2,2);g.FillRectangle(brush,origion.X+WIDTH/2,origion.Y+HEIGHT/4*3,2,2);break;}}}}}Snake（蛇）類編碼4）Snake（蛇）類編碼Snake表示蛇。Snake類的參考代碼如下：usingSystem;usingSystem.Collections.Generic;usingSystem.Drawing;usingSystem.Text;namespaceHungrySanke{publicenumDirection{Up,Down,Left,Right};classSnake{privateintlength;publicDirectiondirection;privateColorcolor;publicList<SnakeBlock>blocks;privateconstintINIT_LENGTH=3;publicintLength{get{returnlength;}}publicSnake(Color_color,Direction_direction){direction=_direction;color=_color;blocks=newList<SnakeBlock>();}publicvoidCreat(Graphicsg,ColorbackGroundColor,intlawnWidth,intlawnHeight){Clear(g,backGroundColor);blocks.Clear();length=INIT_LENGTH;intx;inty;Randomrandom=newRandom();x=random.Next(lawnWidth/4,lawnWidth/4*3)/Block.WIDTH*Block.WIDTH;y=random.Next(lawnHeight/4-1,lawnHeight/4*3)/Block.HEIGHT*Block.HEIGHT;blocks.Add(newSnakeBlock(x,y,color,true));switch(direction){caseDirection.Up:for(inti=1;i<length;i++){blocks.Add(newSnakeBlock(x,y+Block.HEIGHT*i,color,false));}break;caseDirection.Down:for(inti=1;i<length;i++){blocks.Add(newSnakeBlock(x,y-Block.HEIGHT*i,color,false));}break;caseDirection.Left:for(inti=1;i<length;i++){blocks.Add(newSnakeBlock(x+Block.WIDTH*i,y,color,false));}break;caseDirection.Right:for(inti=1;i<length;i++){blocks.Add(newSnakeBlock(x-Block.WIDTH*i,y,color,false));}break;}Display(g);}publicvoidGrow(){intx=2*blocks[blocks.Count-1].Origion.X-blocks[blocks.Count-2].Origion.X;inty=2*blocks[blocks.Count-1].Origion.Y-blocks[blocks.Count-2].Origion.Y;blocks.Insert(length,newSnakeBlock(x,y,color,false));length++;}publicvoidMove(){intx=0;inty=0;blocks[0].ChangeHeadToBody();switch(direction){caseDirection.Up:x=blocks[0].Origion.X;y=blocks[0].Origion.Y-Block.HEIGHT;break;caseDirection.Down:x=blocks[0].Origion.X;y=blocks[0].Origion.Y+Block.HEIGHT;break;caseDirection.Left:x=blocks[0].Origion.X-Block.WIDTH;y=blocks[0].Origion.Y;break;caseDirection.Right:x=blocks[0].Origion.X+Block.WIDTH;y=blocks[0].Origion.Y;break;}blocks.Insert(0,newSnakeBlock(x,y,color,true));blocks.RemoveAt(blocks.Count-1);}publicvoidDisplay(Graphicsg){for(inti=0;i<length;i++){blocks[i].Display(g,direction);}}publicvoidClear(Graphicsg,ColorbackGroundColor){for(inti=0;i<length;i++){blocks[i].Clear(g,backGroundColor);}}publicvoidRemoveAfter(Graphicsg,ColorbackGroundColor,intblockNum){for(inti=length-1;i>blockNum-1;i--){blocks[i].Clear(g,backGroundColor);blocks.RemoveAt(i);length=blockNum;}}publicboolCanEatBean(Beanbean){if(blocks[0].Origion==bean.Origion)returntrue;elsereturnfalse;}publicintCanEatSnake(){for(inti=3;i<blocks.Count;i++){if(blocks[0].Origion==blocks[i].Origion)returni;}return0;}publicvoidEatBean(Beanbean,Graphicsg,ColorbackGroundColor,intlawnWidth,intlawnHeight){bean.Clear(g,backGroundColor);Grow();bean.Creat(g,backGroundColor,lawnWidth,lawnHeight,this);}publicboolIsAlive(intlawnWidth,intlawnHeight){if(blocks[0].Origion.X<0)returnfalse;if(blocks[0].Origion.Y<0)returnfalse;if(blocks[0].Origion.X+Block.WIDTH>lawnWidth)returnfalse;if(blocks[0].Origion.Y+Block.HEIGHT>lawnHeight)returnfalse;elsereturntrue;}}}5）Game（游戲）類編碼Game控制游戲的運行，負責在游戲開始時生成Bean和Snake，以及負責在游戲運行中Snake的移動、Snake的生長、Bean的重生，并隨時檢測Snake的生死狀態(tài)。Game類的參考代碼如下：usingSystem;usingSystem.Collections.Generic;usingSystem.Drawing;usingSystem.Text;namespaceHungrySanke{classGame{publicSnakesnake;publicBeanbean;publicboolisSnakeAlive;publicintlawnWidth;publicintlawnHeight;publicGame(int_lawnWidth,int_lawnHeight){Randomrandom=newRandom();intx=random.Next(0,_lawnWidth-1)/Block.WIDTH*Block.WIDTH;inty=random.Next(0,_lawnHeight-1)/Block.HEIGHT*Block.HEIGHT;Directiondirection=(Direction)random.Next(1,4);snake=newSnake(Color.YellowGreen,direction);bean=newBean(Color.Pink);isSnakeAlive=false;lawnWidth=_lawnWidth;lawnHeight=_lawnHeight;}publicvoidBegin(Graphicsg,ColorbackGroundColor,intlawnWidth,intlawnHeight){isSnakeAlive=true;snake.Clear(g,backGroundColor);snake.Creat(g,backGroundColor,lawnWidth,lawnHeight);bean.Creat(g,backGroundColor,lawnWidth,lawnHeight,snake);}publicvoidOnTime(Graphicsg,ColorbackGroundColor,intlawnWidth,intlawnHeight){if(isSnakeAlive){snake.Clear(g,backGroundColor);snake.Move();snake.Display(g);bean.Display(g);if(snake.CanEatBean(bean)){bean.Clear(g,backGroundColor);snake.EatBean(bean,g,backGroundColor,lawnWidth,lawnHeight);bean.Display(g);}intblockNum=snake.CanEatSnake();if(blockNum>0){snake.RemoveAfter(g,backGroundColor,blockNum);}if(!snake.IsAlive(lawnWidth,lawnHeight))isSnakeAlive=false;}}}}Form1的設計代碼usingSystem;usingSystem.Collections.Generic;usingSystem.ComponentModel;usingSystem.Data;usingSystem.Drawing;usingSystem.Linq;usingSystem.Text;usingSystem.Windows.Forms;namespaceHungrySanke{publicpartialclassForm1:Form{privateGamegame;publicForm1(){InitializeComponent();game=newGame(lawn.Width,lawn.Height);}privatevoidForm1_Load(objectsender,EventArgse){}privatevoidtimer1_Tick(objectsender,EventArgse){if(game.isSnakeAlive){Graphicsg;g=lawn.CreateGraphics();game.OnTime(g,lawn.BackColor,lawn.Width,lawn.Height);if(!game.isSnakeAlive){MessageBox.Show("GameOver");}}}privatevoidToolStrpMenuItemStart_Click(objectsender,EventArgse){Graphicsg;g=lawn.CreateGraphics();game.Begin(g,lawn.BackColor,lawn.Width,lawn.Height);timer1.Enabled=true;ToolStripMenuItemPause.Enabled=true;ToolStripMenuItemContinue.Enabled=false;}privatevoidToolStripMenuItemPause_Click(objectsender,EventArgse){timer1.Enabled=false;ToolStripMenuItemPause.Enabled=false;ToolStripMenuItemContinue.Enabled=true;}privatevoidToolStripMenuItemCONTINUE_Click(objectsender,EventArgse){timer1.Enabled=true;ToolStripMenuItemPause.Enabled=true;ToolStripMenuItemContinue.Enabled=false;}privatevoidForm1_KeyDown(objectsender,KeyEventArgse){if(game.snake.direction==Direction.Down||game.snake.direction==Direction.Up){switch(e.KeyCode){caseKeys.Left:game.snake.direction=Direction.Left;break;caseKeys.Right:game.snake.direction=Direction.Right;break;}}else