2023-2024學(xué)年北京市通州區(qū)高一上學(xué)期期中英語試題（解析版）

PAGEPAGE2北京市通州區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中英語試卷第一部分：知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Emilycheckedhershoelaces(鞋帶)andbegantojoginsmallcircles___1___,waitingforSierra.Shedidn’tmindthebrieflateness;shewassogratefultohavearunning___2___.PracticallythefirstthingEmilyhaddoneafterenrollinginthisnewschoolwastosignupforcross-countryrunning.“Hi,sorry,I’mlate.It’sagooddayforarun,don’tyouthink?”Sierra___3___,talkingnonstopaswasherhabit.Sierraraneveryday,whichencouragedEmilytotakeherowntrainingmoreseriously.Theregularpracticehadhelpedbothofthemto___4___theirtimesovervariousterrains(地形).Continuingherwarm-up,Emilyasked,“Areyouracingnextweekinthebigregionalmeet?”“Yeah,thecoachencourageseveryoneto___5___.”“Oh.”EmilyfollowedafterSierrajustabit,thinkingaboutthisinformationastheyranacrossthefield.KnowingSierrawaseasilythefasterrunner,Emilywasvery___6___.Sheworriedthatherowntimemight___7___theteam.Racedayarrived,andEmilygatheredwiththeotherteammemberstoreceiveacoloredwristband(手環(huán))thatshowedtheirschool.“Sierra,where’syourband?”“You’rerunninginmyplacetodaybecauseyourtimeswill___8___theteamasmuchasmine,andIwantyoutohavethe___9___toshowyourstufftotheteam.I’llbeyourwatergirlattheend.”SierrasmiledandgaveEmilyahigh-five.“Wow,you’dgiveuparaceforme?”Emilygaveherfriendaquickhugandthoughtthis____10____wouldbeherbestperformanceever.1.A.kindly B.sadly C.carefully D.slowly2.A.friend B.partner C.competitor D.coach3.A.passed B.arrived C.rose D.tested4.A.change B.waste C.improve D.manage5.A.join B.learn C.move D.register6.A.confused B.shocked C.anxious D.awkward7.A.passdown B.turndown C.shutdown D.slowdown8.A.concentrate B.help C.recommend D.organize9.A.chance B.risk C.service D.spirit10.A.lesson B.race C.test D.activity【答案】1.D2.B3.B4.C5.A6.C7.D8.B9.A10.B【語篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了艾米麗和西拉是一對跑步搭檔，下周將要舉行大型地區(qū)比賽了，艾米麗擔(dān)心自己會拖慢團(tuán)隊速度，結(jié)果到了比賽那天，西拉卻讓艾米麗代替自己比賽?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：艾米麗檢查了一下鞋帶，開始慢慢地繞著小圈子慢跑，等待著西拉。A.kindly善良地；B.sadly悲哀地；C.carefully仔細(xì)地；D.slowly緩慢地。根據(jù)后文“waitingforSierra”可知，她在等遲到的西拉，所以跑得很慢，故選D?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她不介意短暫的遲到；她很感激有一個跑步搭檔。A.friend朋友；B.partner搭檔，伙伴；C.competitor對手；D.coach教練。根據(jù)上文“waitingforSierra”提到她在等西拉，可知西拉是她的跑步搭檔。故選B?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：西拉來了，像往常一樣不停地說話。A.passed通過；B.arrived到達(dá)；C.rose上升；D.tested測試。根據(jù)上文““Hi,sorry,I’mlate.It’sagooddayforarun,don’tyouthink?”(“嗨，對不起，我遲到了。今天是個跑步的好天氣，你不覺得嗎？”)”可知，遲到的西拉到了，故選B。【4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：定期的訓(xùn)練幫助他們在各種地形上提高了成績。A.change改變；B.waste浪費(fèi)；C.improve改善，提高；D.manage管理。根據(jù)上文“Theregularpracticehadhelpedbothofthemto”提到了定期訓(xùn)練對她們有幫助，說明成績得到了提高。故選C?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“是的，教練鼓勵大家加入?！盇.join加入；B.learn學(xué)習(xí)；C.move移動；D.register注冊。根據(jù)上文“Yeah,thecoachencourageseveryoneto”中encourage可知教練鼓勵大家參加下周的比賽。故選A。【6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：艾米麗知道西拉跑得更快，所以非常著急。A.confused困惑的；B.shocked震驚的；C.anxious焦慮的，擔(dān)心的；D.awkward尷尬的。根據(jù)后文“Sheworried”可知艾米麗很擔(dān)心，故選C。【7題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：她擔(dān)心自己的時間可能會拖慢團(tuán)隊的速度。A.passdown傳承；B.turndown拒絕；C.shutdown關(guān)閉；D.slowdown減速。根據(jù)上文“Sheworriedthatherowntimemight”可知，艾米麗知道自己跑得不夠快，擔(dān)心拖累團(tuán)隊的速度。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“你今天代替我跑，因?yàn)槟愕某煽儗η蜿牭膸椭臀业囊粯哟?，我希望你有機(jī)會向球隊展示你的東西?！盇.concentrate集中；B.help幫助；C.recommend推薦；D.organize組織。根據(jù)后文“theteamasmuchasmine”可知，西拉認(rèn)為艾米麗對球隊的幫助和自己一樣大，所以才讓她代替自己比賽，故選B。【9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“你今天代替我跑，因?yàn)槟愕某煽儗η蜿牭膸椭臀业囊粯哟螅蚁Ｍ阌袡C(jī)會向球隊展示你的東西?！盇.chance機(jī)會；B.risk風(fēng)險；C.service服務(wù)；D.spirit精神。根據(jù)后文“toshowyourstufftotheteam”可知，西拉讓艾米麗代替自己，是希望艾米麗有機(jī)會展示自己，chance后跟不定式作后置定語。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：艾米麗給了她的朋友一個迅速的擁抱，并認(rèn)為這次比賽將是她有史以來最好的表現(xiàn)。A.lesson課程；B.race比賽；C.test測試；D.activity活動。呼應(yīng)上文“Areyouracingnextweekinthebigregionalmeet?(你下周會參加大型地區(qū)比賽嗎？)”此處指下周的大型地區(qū)比賽，故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Thisfour-daywalkingtourwilltakeyouonamazingpathsthroughtheAndesMountainsonthewaytothecityofMachuPicchu.Afterreachingyourdestination,you____11____(have)adaytoexploreandbeamazedbythisancientcity.EspeciallyamazingistheIncas’drystonemethodof____12____(build).Incabuilderscutstonestoexactsizessothatnothing____13____(need)toholdwallstogetherotherthantheperfectfitofthestones.【答案】11.willhave12.building13.wasneeded【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章簡要介紹了一個徒步旅行的行程和目的地馬丘比丘的城市特色?！?1題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：到達(dá)目的地后，你將有一天的時間來探索這座古老的城市，并為之驚嘆。分析句子可知，空處作句子的謂語，結(jié)合上文的willtake可知，此處是介紹將來發(fā)生的事情，時態(tài)應(yīng)用一般將來時。故填willhave?！?2題詳解】考查名詞。句意：尤其令人驚嘆的是印加人的干石建造方法。分析句子可知，空處作介詞of的賓語，結(jié)合drystonemethod可知，應(yīng)用名詞building，意為“建造，建筑”，是不可數(shù)名詞。故填building?！?3題詳解】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：印加的建筑工人將石頭切割成精確的尺寸，這樣除了石頭的完美配合外，不需要任何東西來連接墻壁。分析句子可知，空處作從句的謂語，此處在敘述過去發(fā)生的事情，時態(tài)應(yīng)用一般過去時，need“需要”和主語nothing之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，且主語是nothing，be動詞應(yīng)用was。故填wasneeded。B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。IalwayswantedtolookliketheslimgirlsonTVeventhoughIknewthatitwasimpossible.Iworriedaboutmyweightand____14____(try)everynewdiet!ThenIreadanarticlethatsaidIshouldbeasking“AmIfit?”.SoIstartedthinkingabout____15____(fit)ratherthanweight.Finally,Istopped____16____(compare)myselfwithactressesandmodels.Instead,ImadealistofthethingsIlikedaboutmyself.【答案】14.tried15.fitness16.comparing【語篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者不再盲目減肥，重視健康的經(jīng)歷?！?4題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：我擔(dān)心我的體重，嘗試了每一種新的飲食！根據(jù)上文Iworriedaboutmyweightand可知為一般過去時。故填tried。【15題詳解】考查名詞。句意：所以我開始考慮健康而不是體重。作介詞about的賓語，應(yīng)用名詞fitness，不可數(shù)。故填fitness。【16題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：最后，我不再拿自己和女演員和模特比較。表示“停止正在做的事”應(yīng)用stopdoingsth.，動名詞作賓語。故填comparing。C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Goingfromjuniorhighschooltoseniorhighschoolisabigchallenge.Ihadtothinkvery____17____(careful)aboutwhichcoursesIwantedtotake.Ihadtochooseextra-curricularactivities,too.I____18____(join)avolunteerclub.IknowI’llhavetostudy____19____(hard)asaseniorhighschoolstudentandgetusedtobeingresponsibleforalotmore.____20____(study)hardisn’talwaysfun,butI’llbewellpreparedforuniversityorwhateverelsecomesinthefuture.【答案】17.carefully18.joined19.harder20.Studying【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是記敘文。文章介紹了作者剛進(jìn)入高中后一些經(jīng)歷和想法?！?7題詳解】考查副詞。句意：我必須非常仔細(xì)地考慮我想學(xué)哪些課程。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處修飾空前的動詞，應(yīng)該用副詞修飾。故填carefully?！?8題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：我參加了一個志愿者俱樂部。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，join作本句謂語，根據(jù)前文可知，描述的是已發(fā)生的事，用一般過去時。故填joined?！?9題詳解】考查副詞。句意：我知道，作為一名高中生，我必須更加努力地學(xué)習(xí)，習(xí)慣承擔(dān)更多的責(zé)任。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處修飾空前的動詞，應(yīng)該用副詞，根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)用比較級。故填harder?！?0題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：努力學(xué)習(xí)并不總是有趣的，但我會為大學(xué)或未來的任何其他事情做好準(zhǔn)備。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句缺少主語，所以應(yīng)該用動名詞作主語，位于句首，首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填Studying。第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ABuffalo&ErieCountyPublicLibraryMYACCOUNTYoumusthaveaPINtoaccessyouraccountatanylibraryterminal(終端)remotelythroughtheB&ECPL’swebsite.TocreateorresetaPIN,clicktheForgotMyPINlink.Ifyouraccountisnotingoodstanding,itwillrunout6monthsafteritisissued.Anaccountisin“goodstanding”whenthechargesarenotover$50.00orthereare15orlessoverdue(逾期的)items.BORROWINGLIMITSMostcardholdersareallowedtocheckoutasmanyas50itemsatonetime.Thelengthoftimeisdifferentdependingonthetypeofmaterialborrowed.MaterialLoanPeriodBooksandAudioBooks21daysNewFiction7daysMusicCDs;ExamBooksandComputerSoftware5daysDownloadablee-books14daysRENEWINGORRETURNINGITEMSTorenewonline24/7,accessMyAccountonourwebsite.Torenewbytelephone24/7,call716-845-9040.YoumusthaveyourlibrarycardnumberandPINready.StopbyanyB&ECPLlibrary(excepttheCentralLibrary)torenewinpersonorcall716-858-8900duringCentralLibraryopenhours.MostB&ECPLlibrarieshaveoutdoordropboxesinplacefor24-hourreturnswithoutanycharge.21.Whichaccountisingoodstanding?A.AnaccountwithoutaresetPIN. B.Anaccountwitha$60.00charge.C.Anaccountwithoutanycheckouts. D.Anaccountwith10overdueitems.22.HowmanydayscanaborrowerkeepaworkofNewFiction?A.21. B.14. C.7. D.5.23.Whatshouldaborrowerdotorenewthelibrarymaterial?A.Visitanydropbox. B.AccesstheB&ECPL’swebsite.C.Callthenumber716-858-8900. D.StopbytheCentralLibraryinperson.【答案】21.D22.C23.C【語篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是布法羅和伊利縣公共圖書館的一些借書規(guī)定。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MYACCOUNT部分中“Anaccountisin“goodstanding”whenthechargesarenotover$50.00orthereare15orlessoverdue(逾期的)items.(當(dāng)費(fèi)用不超過50美元或有15項(xiàng)或更少的逾期物品時，帳戶處于“良好信譽(yù)”狀態(tài))”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，可知，D選項(xiàng)“一個有10個逾期物品的賬戶信譽(yù)良好”。故選D。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中“NewFiction——7days(新小說——7天)”可知，一本新小說可以借7天。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“StopbyanyB&ECPLlibrary(excepttheCentralLibrary)torenewinpersonorcall716-858-8900duringCentralLibraryopenhours.(在中央圖書館開放時間內(nèi)，親臨任何一間B&ECPL圖書館（中央圖書館除外）辦理續(xù)借手續(xù)或致電716-858-8900辦理續(xù)借手續(xù))”可知，借閱者撥打電話716-858-8900辦理續(xù)借手續(xù)。故選C。BWalkingaroundtheworldmayseemimpossible,butthatdidn’tstopAngelaMaxwellfromputtingonefootinfrontoftheother.In2020,Maxwell,theninherearly30s,beganherwalkaroundtheworldalone.Aftersix-and-a-halfyearsandover32,000kilometers,Maxwell’swalkendedwhereitbegan.Beforesheleftonherjourney,Maxwellfoundinspirationfromwomenexplorersofthepast.“Ireadtheirbooksinhopesoffindingencouragement-andIdid—bylearningabouttheirchallengesandstrugglesaswellastheirtriumphs(勝利).Eachwoman’sstorywasquitedifferentanditgavemetheconfidencetogivemywalkatry,”Maxwellsaid.Aftersellingallofherbelongings,MaxwellleftherhometownofBend,Oregonwith50kilogramsofcampinggear,dehydrated(脫水的)food,awaterfilterandclothingforallfourseasons.Maxwell’sworldwidewalkwasn’teasy.Shesufferedfromsunburnandheatstroke(中暑)intheAustraliandesertanddenguefever(登革熱)inVietnam.SheheardgunshotswhilecampinginTurkeyandwasattackedinhertentinMongolia.Still,shecontinuedtowalk.ShelearnedbeekeepingintheRepublicofGeorgiaandcamel-handlingonthehistoricalSilkRoadinMongolia.Shehelpedafarmerrenovate(翻新)hishouseinSardiniaandhandedoutfoodtohomelesspeopleinItaly.Shegatheredcountlessstoriesthatshe’dgoontospeakaboutatschools,universitiesandconferences.Whenthereporteraskedherwhatkindofpersonittakestowalkaroundtheworld,Maxwellsaid,“It’sprobablyacombinationofambition,alittlestubbornnessandapinchofpassion—notforhikingasasport,butforself-discoveryandadventure.”“Ididn’tstartwalkingbecauseIwasfearless—butratherbecauseIwasterrified.IwasmoreafraidofnotfollowingmyheartthanIwasoflosingeverythingIownedandloved.”Throughoutherjourney,Maxwellraisedabout$30,000fornon-governmentalorganizations,suchasHerFutureCoalitionandWorldPulsethatfocusonsupportinggirlsandyoungwomen.“Walkinghastaughtmethateverythingandeveryonehasastorytoshare,wejusthavetobewillingtolisten,”shesaid.24.WhatdowelearnaboutMaxwell’sjourney?A.Shestoppedherjourneyhalfway.B.Shemadefullpreparationsbeforeherjourney.C.Shewentonajourneywithotherwomenexplorers.D.Shegotalotofhelpfromstrangersduringthejourney.25.Whatdidn’thappentoAngelaMaxwellduringthejourney?A.Shewasshotbyagun. B.Shelearnedhowtoraisebeesandridecamels.C.Shegotillbecauseoftheweatheranddisease. D.Shehelpedthehomelesspeoplealongtheway.26.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMaxwell?A.Strong-willedandbrave. B.Enthusiasticandcareful.C.Modestandhardworking. D.Talentedandthoughtful.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Givingbringsyoubenefits. B.It’snevertoooldtolearn.C.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart. D.Difficultlifeexperiencesmayresultinsuccess.【答案】24.B25.A26.A27.C【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。主要講的是2014年，30歲出頭的AngelaMaxwell開始獨(dú)自環(huán)游世界。經(jīng)過六年半的時間和超過32000公里的行程，Maxwell完成這一事情。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Aftersellingallofherbelongings,MaxwellleftherhometownofBend,Oregonwith50kilogramsofcampinggear,dehydrated(脫水的)food,awaterfilterandclothingforallfourseasons.(在變賣了所有的家當(dāng)后，Maxwell帶著50公斤的露營裝備、脫水食品、濾水器和四季衣物離開了家鄉(xiāng)俄勒岡州本德市)”可知，Maxwell在出發(fā)前做了充分的準(zhǔn)備。故選B。【25題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Shesufferedfromsunburnandheatstroke(中暑)intheAustraliandesertanddenguefever(登革熱)inVietnam.(她在澳大利亞沙漠中被曬傷和中暑，在越南得了登革熱)”以及“ShelearnedbeekeepingintheRepublicofGeorgiaandcamel-handlingonthehistoricalSilkRoadinMongolia.Shehelpedafarmerrenovate(翻新)hishouseinSardiniaandhandedoutfoodtohomelesspeopleinItaly.(她在格魯吉亞共和國學(xué)習(xí)養(yǎng)蜂，在蒙古歷史悠久的絲綢之路上學(xué)習(xí)馴駱駝。她幫助撒丁島的一位農(nóng)民翻修了他的房子，并向意大利無家可歸的人分發(fā)食物)”可知，她沒有被槍打中。故選A?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Eachwoman’sstorywasquitedifferentanditgavemetheconfidencetogivemywalkatry(每個女人的故事都不一樣，這給了我信心去嘗試走路)”以及第四段的“Maxwell’sworldwidewalkwasn’teasy.Shesufferedfromsunburnandheatstroke(中暑)intheAustraliandesertanddenguefever(登革熱)inVietnam.SheheardgunshotswhilecampinginTurkeyandwasattackedinhertentinMongolia.Still,shecontinuedtowalk.(Maxwell的環(huán)球行走并不容易。她在澳大利亞沙漠中曬傷、中暑，在越南染上登革熱。她在土耳其露營時聽到了槍聲，在蒙古的帳篷里也遭到了襲擊。但她還是繼續(xù)走著)”可知，Maxwell意志堅強(qiáng)且勇敢，故選A?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Walkinghastaughtmethateverythingandeveryonehasastorytoshare,wejusthavetobewillingtolisten,”shesaid.(她說：“散步教會了我，每件事、每個人都有故事要分享，我們只需要愿意傾聽?！?”結(jié)合文章主要講的是2014年，30歲出頭的AngelaMaxwell開始獨(dú)自環(huán)游世界。經(jīng)過六年半的時間和超過32000公里的行程，Maxwell完成這一事情?？赏浦?，故事告訴我們“心之所愿，無事不成”。故選C。CIt’salwaysexcitingtoreceivealetterinthemail.Eventoday,whentheworldisdigitallyconnected,receivinganactualletterinyourmailboxfromadistantlandisagreatwayforchildrentomakenewfriends.ThePeacefulPenPalsProjectisabeautifulprojectthatblendstogetherglobalconnectionandself-expression.TheprojectispartofthenonprofitKidsforPeace,foundedbyJillMcManigalandDanielleGraminCaliforniain2006.Itisopentoallchildren,agestwothroughseventeen.Todate,thereare1,500childrenfrom17countriesparticipatingintheprogramaccordingtotheorganization.Currently,alllettersarewritteninEnglish.Whenchildrensignup,theycanselectiftheywouldratherbematchedwithaUSAPeacefulPenPaloraninternationalone.Eachchildisthenmatchedtoapenpalofsimilarage.Thisestablishesapointofconnectionquicklyforthechildrenandfacilitates(促進(jìn))astrongerbond.Iftheletterwritersareinthesamegrade,theycanchataboutschool,theirteachers,andwhattheyarestudying.Theycanalsocomparewhatdifferentstatesorcountrieslearnaboutandhowtheatmosphereoftheclassroomare,whethersociallyoracademically.Childrenmayalsobemorelikelytowriteaboutproblemstheyarehavingiftheyfeelliketheyarespeakingtoapeerinasimilarsituation.Althoughpenpalsmayliveindifferentcountries,theymayfindcommonground.Thewriterliststheirfavoriteactivitiestodooutside,pluswhattheylikebestandleastaboutschool.Thisgivesthewriteranopportunitytoexpressandreceiveadviceorfeedback(反饋)fromthepenpal.“Hearingfirst-handstoriesfromaninternationalpenpalcanencourageteenstotakesomeoneelse’sviewpointandtothinkoutsideofthemselves,”writesRebeccaFraser-ThillonVeryWellFamily.“Havingaforeignpenpalcanalsoencourageinterestingeography,historyandculture.”28.WhatcanweknowaboutthePeacefulPenPalsProject?A.Ithelpsstrengthenlinksbetweenkids.B.Itisaimedatimprovingchildren’sEnglish.C.Itencourageschildrentohelppeopleinneed.D.Itiscreatedforteenagerstotakeonlinelessons.29.WhatisParagraph3mainlytalkingabout?A.Thenecessityofdiscussioninstudy.B.Theapproachestomakingnewfriends.C.ThepurposeofthePeacefulPenPalsProject.D.Thebenefitsofhavingfriendsofsimilarages.30.WhatisRebeccaFraser-Thill’sattitudetowardstheproject?A.Careful. B.Supportive. C.Uninterested. D.Disappointed.31.Whatisthebesttitleofthistext?A.WritingEnrichesKids’Life B.FriendshipTeachesKidsaLessonC.ThePenPalProjectConnectsKids D.CommunicationSkillsBettertheWorld【答案】28.A29.D30.B31.C【語篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一個名為ThePeacefulPenPalsProject的項(xiàng)目，這個項(xiàng)目把孩子們連接在一起?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ThePeacefulPenPalsProjectisabeautifulprojectthatblendstogetherglobalconnectionandself-expression.(和平筆友計劃是一個美麗的計劃，融合了全球聯(lián)系和自我表達(dá)。)”和第二段“Itisopentoallchildren,agestwothroughseventeen.Todate,thereare1,500childrenfrom17countriesparticipatingintheprogramaccordingtotheorganization.Currently,alllettersarewritteninEnglish.(它對所有2到17歲的孩子開放。據(jù)該組織稱，迄今為止，已有來自17個國家的1500名兒童參加了該項(xiàng)目。目前，所有信件都是用英文寫的。)”可知，該項(xiàng)目有助于加強(qiáng)孩子們之間的聯(lián)系。故選A?！?9題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Eachchildisthenmatchedtoapenpalofsimilarage.Thisestablishesapointofconnectionquicklyforthechildrenandfacilitates(促進(jìn))astrongerbond.Iftheletterwritersareinthesamegrade,theycanchataboutschool,theirteachers,andwhattheyarestudying.Theycanalsocomparewhatdifferentstatesorcountrieslearnaboutandhowtheatmosphereoftheclassroomare,whethersociallyoracademically.Childrenmayalsobemorelikelytowriteaboutproblemstheyarehavingiftheyfeelliketheyarespeakingtoapeerinasimilarsituation.(然后，每個孩子都被配上一個年齡相仿的筆友。這為孩子們迅速建立了一個連接點(diǎn)，促進(jìn)了更牢固的聯(lián)系。如果寫信人是同一年級的，他們可以聊聊學(xué)校，他們的老師，他們正在學(xué)習(xí)什么。他們還可以比較不同的州或國家學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容，以及課堂氛圍，無論是社交還是學(xué)術(shù)。如果孩子們覺得自己是在和一個處境相似的同齡人交談，他們也更有可能寫下自己遇到的問題。)”可知，第三段主要介紹了擁有同齡朋友的好處。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Hearingfirst-handstoriesfromaninternationalpenpalcanencourageteenstotakesomeoneelse’sviewpointandtothinkoutsideofthemselves,”writesRebeccaFraser-ThillonVeryWellFamily.“Havingaforeignpenpalcanalsoencourageinterestingeography,historyandculture.”(麗貝卡·弗雷澤-希爾在VeryWellFamily網(wǎng)站中寫道:“從國際筆友那里聽到第一手的故事可以鼓勵青少年接受別人的觀點(diǎn)，跳出自己的思維。”“有一個外國筆友還可以激發(fā)人們對地理、歷史和文化的興趣?！?”可知，Rebecca認(rèn)為擁有外國筆友可以讓孩子了解更多有關(guān)地理、政治、以及歷史的內(nèi)容，開闊了孩子的視野，由此可知，Rebecca對于這個項(xiàng)目是支持的。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ThePeacefulPenPalsProjectisabeautifulprojectthatblendstogetherglobalconnectionandself-expression.(和平筆友計劃是一個美麗的計劃，融合了全球聯(lián)系和自我表達(dá)。)”可知，文章介紹了一個名為ThePeacefulPenPalsProject的項(xiàng)目，這個項(xiàng)目把孩子們連接在一起。所以用C項(xiàng)“ThePenPalProjectConnectsKids”作為本文的題目與文章的主題項(xiàng)符合。故選C。DAlmosteveryonehasheardtheexpression,“thecalmbeforethestorm.”Itisusuallyusedtodescribeapeacefulperiodjustbeforeaverystressfulsituationoratenseargument.Britishsailorscoinedthephraseinthelate1600s;theynotedthatbeforecertainstormstheseaswouldseemtobecomestaticandthewindswoulddrop.Butwhyisitoftensocalmbeforeastorm?Sciencehasgivenustheanswer.AccordingtoaUSwebsiteHowStuffWorks,acalmperiodoccursbecausemanystorms,suchastornadoesandhurricanesdrawinallthewarmandhumidairfromthesurroundingarea.Asthisairrisesintothestormclouds,itcoolsandactsas“fuelforthestormlikepetrolinacar”.Oncethestormhastakenalltheenergyitcanfromtheair,itispushedoutfromthetopofthestormcloudsandfallsbackdowntogroundlevel.Astheairdescends(下降),itbecomeswarmanddry.Warm,dryairisstable,soonceitcoversanarea,itcausesacalmperiodbeforethestorm.Thissameprocessalsocausesthe“eyeofthestorm”inhurricanesandtornadoes.Intheseconditions,thecalmoccursinthecenterofthestormbecauseofthestrongrotating(旋轉(zhuǎn)的)winds.TheWeatherNetworkhasatipforworkingouthowfarawayastormis.First,counthowmanysecondstherearebetweenaflashoflightningandaclapofthunder.Roughlythreesecondsequalonekilometer.So,forexample,ifyoucountnineseconds,thestormisabout3kilometersaway.Agoodgauge(評估)isthatifyourcountisbelow30seconds,youshouldseeksafeplacestraightaway.However,duetothecomplexityofstormsystem,notallstormscomeaftercalm.Giventherightconditions,somestormsannouncethemselveswithheavyrainandchilling(寒冷的)winds.So,yourbestbetistokeepyourselfupdatedwithweatherreportsforanypredictionsregardingacomingstorminyourarea.That’sthemostreliableandsensiblewaytopredictthenextdisplayofnature’stemper.32.Theunderlinedword“static”inParagraph2probablymeans______.A.violent B.quiet C.fast-changing D.warm33.WhatisParagraph3mainlytalkingabout?A.Toexplainhowastormcomesintobeing.B.Tosupportpreviousresearchonstormclouds.C.Toexplainwhyapeacefulperiodoccursbeforeastorm.D.Toshowhowdangerousastormcanbeincertainsituations.34.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Itisnotalwaysquietbeforeastorm. B.Stormshaveabiginfluenceonlife.C.Weatherreportsmayfailtopredictastorm. D.Heavystormsdon’tusuallylastforalongtime.【答案】32.B33.C34.A【語篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了科學(xué)對于暴風(fēng)雨前的風(fēng)平浪靜給出了解釋，但最好的辦法是隨時更新天氣預(yù)報，這是最可靠的預(yù)測下一次大自然脾氣的方法。【32題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“andthewindswoulddrop”以及“Butwhyisitoftensocalmbeforeastorm?(但為什么暴風(fēng)雨來臨前總是那么平靜呢？)”可知，在某些風(fēng)暴之前，海洋似乎會變得安靜，風(fēng)會減弱。劃線中的單詞“static”表示“安靜”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Sciencehasgivenustheanswer.AccordingtoaUSwebsiteHowStuffWorks,acalmperiodoccursbecausemanystorms,suchastornadoesandhurricanesdrawinallthewarmandhumidairfromthesurroundingarea.Asthisairrisesintothestormclouds,itcoolsandactsas“fuelforthestormlikepetrolinacar”.Oncethestormhastakenalltheenergyitcanfromtheair,itispushedoutfromthetopofthestormcloudsandfallsbackdowntogroundlevel.Astheairdescends(下降),itbecomeswarmanddry.Warm,dryairisstable,soonceitcoversanarea,itcausesacalmperiodbeforethestorm.Thissameprocessalsocausesthe“eyeofthestorm”inhurricanesandtornadoes.Intheseconditions,thecalmoccursinthecenterofthestormbecauseofthestrongrotating(旋轉(zhuǎn)的)winds.(科學(xué)已經(jīng)給了我們答案。據(jù)美國一家名為HowStuffWorks的網(wǎng)站稱，平靜期的出現(xiàn)是因?yàn)辇埦盹L(fēng)和颶風(fēng)等許多風(fēng)暴將周圍地區(qū)的溫暖潮濕空氣吸進(jìn)來。當(dāng)這些空氣上升到風(fēng)暴云中，冷卻下來，就像“汽車?yán)锏钠鸵粯?，成為了風(fēng)暴的燃料”。一旦風(fēng)暴從空氣中吸取了所有的能量，它就會從風(fēng)暴云的頂部被推出，沙子會回落到地面。隨著空氣的下降，它變得溫暖而干燥。溫暖干燥的空氣是穩(wěn)定的，所以一旦它覆蓋了一個地區(qū)，它就會在暴風(fēng)雨來臨之前造成一段平靜期。同樣的過程也會導(dǎo)致颶風(fēng)和龍卷風(fēng)的“風(fēng)暴眼”。在這種情況下，由于強(qiáng)烈的旋轉(zhuǎn)風(fēng)，平靜發(fā)生在風(fēng)暴的中心)”可知第三段主要解釋為什么暴風(fēng)雨前會有一段平靜的時期。故選C項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“So,yourbestbetistokeepyourselfupdatedwithweatherreportsforanypredictionsregardingacomingstorminyourarea.That’sthemostreliableandsensiblewaytopredictthenextdisplayofnature’stemper.(所以，你最好的辦法是隨時更新天氣報告，了解你所在地區(qū)即將到來的風(fēng)暴的任何預(yù)測。這是預(yù)測下一次大自然脾氣的最可靠、最明智的方法)”可知，在暴風(fēng)雨之前并不總是風(fēng)平浪靜的。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyouareafanoffastfashion,yourchoicesmaybenarrowinginthenearfuture.Recently,alargenumberoffast-fashionstoreswereclosedworldwide.____35____Amajorreasonistheshiftinthemindset(心態(tài))ofconsumers.Millennials,thosewhowereborninthe1980sor1990s,arenowthelargestconsumergroup.____36____Low-pricedfastfashionisnottheirpriority.Morepeoplearestartingtocareaboutqualityandthestoriesbehindaproduct.____37____Thefashionindustryisoneofthelargestpollutersofcleanwaterandthree-fifthsofclothesproducedinayearendupinlandfills(垃圾場).Asthereismoreawarenessoftheclimatecrisis(危機(jī)),youngerpeoplearepursuingmoreeco-friendlychoices.Molly,22,isoneofthem.Beforeshewenttocollege,sheusedtofrequentfast-fashionshops.____38____Now,shetriestoshopinawaythatisbothsustainable(可持續(xù)的)andaffordable:Sheshopssecond-hand.“Myfriendshowedmehoweasyitwastobethrifty(節(jié)約的),andIdevelopedanewpersonalstylethatfocusedlessontrendsbutonbasicsthatdon’tgooutofstyle,”shesaid.Inordertosurviveinthecompetitivemarket,manyfast-fashionbrandsaremakingchangesaswell.____39____“Sustainabilityisanever-endingtaskinwhicheveryonehereisinvolved”,saidaCEOofafast-fashioncompany.A.Millennialslikebrandswithalonghistory.B.Itshowsthatfastfashionisslowingdown.C.Climatechangeshouldbeblamedonthefashionindustry.D.Unliketheirpredecessors(前人),millennialsholddifferentattitudestowardsproducts.E.Anotherfactoristhegrowingconcernoverthefashionindustry’seffectontheenvironment.F.Forexample,somecompaniesplanforalloftheirclothestobesustainableinthefuture.G.Butaftertakingaclassthatfocusedontheenvironmentalimpactofclothingproduction,herpreferencechanged.【答案】35.B36.D37.E38.G39.F【語篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了許多快時尚服裝品牌發(fā)展速度放緩的原因，為了在競爭激烈的市場中生存，許多快速時尚品牌也在做出改變。【35題詳解】分析設(shè)空，位于段尾，是對前文的總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“Ifyouareafanoffastfashion,yourchoicesmaybenarrowinginthenearfuture.Recently,alargenumberoffast-fashionstoreswereclosedworldwide.(如果你是快時尚的粉絲，在不久的將來，你的選擇可能會越來越少。最近，全球有大量的快時尚商店關(guān)閉)”可知，B項(xiàng)“Itshowsthatfastfashionisslowingdown.(這表明快時尚正在放緩)”符合文意，是對前文的總結(jié)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Amajorreasonistheshiftinthemindset(心態(tài))ofconsumers.Millennials,thosewhowereborninthe1980sor1990s,arenowthelargestconsumergroup.(一個主要原因是消費(fèi)者心態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)變。千禧一代，即出生在上世紀(jì)80年代或90年代的人，現(xiàn)在是最大的消費(fèi)群體)”以及后文“Low-pricedfastfashionisnottheirpriority.Morepeoplearestartingtocareaboutqualityandthestoriesbehindaproduct.(低價的快時尚不是他們的首選。越來越多的人開始關(guān)心產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量和產(chǎn)品背后的故事)”可知，此處是在講述千禧一代的時尚選擇發(fā)生改變，所以D項(xiàng)“Unliketheirpredecessors(前人),millennialsholddifferentattitudestowardsproducts.(與他們的前輩不同，千禧一代對產(chǎn)品的態(tài)度不同)”符合本段主題，通過和前輩對比，講述千禧一代發(fā)生改變。故選D項(xiàng)。【37題詳解】分析設(shè)空，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根據(jù)后文“Thefashionindustryisoneofthelargestpollutersofcleanwaterandthree-fifthsofclothesproducedinayearendupinlandfills(垃圾場).Asthereismoreawarenessoftheclimatecrisis(危機(jī)),youngerpeoplearepursuingmoreeco-friendlychoices.(時裝業(yè)是最大的清潔水污染者之一，每年生產(chǎn)的服裝中有五分之三最終被填埋。隨著人們對氣候危機(jī)的意識越來越強(qiáng)，年輕人開始追求更環(huán)保的選擇)”可知，本段講述時裝業(yè)對環(huán)境的影響，所以E項(xiàng)“Anotherfactoristhegrowingconcernoverthefashionindustry’seffectontheenvironment.(另一個因素是人們越來越關(guān)注時裝業(yè)對環(huán)境的影響)”符合本段主題。故選E項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Molly,22,isoneofthem.Beforeshewenttocollege,sheusedtofrequentfast-fashionshops.(22歲的莫莉就是其中之一。在她上大學(xué)之前，她經(jīng)常光顧快時尚店)”以及后文“Now,shetriestoshopinawaythatisbothsustainable(可持續(xù)的)andaffordable:Sheshopssecond-hand.(現(xiàn)在，她試圖以一種既可持續(xù)又負(fù)擔(dān)得起的方式購物：她買二手貨)”可知，本段用莫莉進(jìn)行舉例，講述她對時尚的改變，所以G項(xiàng)“Butaftertakingaclassthatfocusedontheenvironmentalimpactofclothingproduction,herpreferencechanged.(但在上了一門關(guān)注服裝生產(chǎn)對環(huán)境影響的課程后，她的偏好發(fā)生了變化)”符合文意，描述的是莫莉的改變。故選G項(xiàng)。【39題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Inordertosurviveinthecompetitivemarket,manyfast-fashionbrandsaremakingchangesaswell.(為了在競爭激烈的市場中生存，許多快時尚品牌也在做出改變)”以及后文““Sustainabilityisanever-endingtaskinwhicheveryonehereisinvolved”,saidaCEOofafast-fashioncompany.(一家快時尚公司的首席執(zhí)行官表示：“可持續(xù)發(fā)展是一項(xiàng)永無止境的任務(wù)，這里的每個人都參與其中?！?”可知，本段主要講述了許多快時尚品牌也在做出改變，后文應(yīng)用一家快時尚公司的首席執(zhí)行官的話，所以F項(xiàng)“Fo