2024黑龍江省哈爾濱市實驗中學(xué)高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題

黑龍江省實驗中學(xué)20232024學(xué)年度高二學(xué)年上學(xué)期期末考試英語學(xué)科試題考試時間：120分鐘總分：150分第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分20分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是

C。1.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Visitafriend.B.PickupBilly.C.Buysomebeans.2.WhatdoesAndyClarkesdo?A.Apubliclibrarian.B.ATVactor.C.Afamouslawyer.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.GiftsforJason.B.Abaseballgame.C.Thewoman’spromotion.4.WhatwentonatCooper’slastnight?A.Amovieshow.B.Abirthdayparty.C.Asalespromotion.5.Whatproblemdothespeakershave?A.Theyarelateforwork.B.Theyarestuckinatrafficjam.C.Theyarelostontheway.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Athome.B.Attheoffice.C.Attheairport.7.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Anxious.B.Surprised.C.Grateful.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whydidthewomanchoosetobeateacherasaprofession?A.Becauseofthepressurefromherfamily.B.Becauseofthepassionforthework.C.Becauseofateacher’sencouragement.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkisthebestpartofherjob?A.Beingwithchildren.B.Winningothers’respect.C.Learningdifferentthings.10.Whatdoesthewomanwantherstudentstobe?A.Lifelonglearners.B.Creativethinkers.C.Goodmunicators.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whydoesthewomanlikelivingwithherparents?A.Theyhaveabighouse.B.Theycancookmealsforher.C.Theypayalltheexpenses.12.WhatdoesEthansuggestthewomando?A.Havepatience.B.Providepany.C.Moveout.13.WhyisEthanconcernedabouthisparentslivingontheirown?A.Theymayfeellonely.B.Theymayfailtogetalong.C.Theymayhaveemergencies.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whosespeechdidthewomanlistentothismorning?A.JohnMiller’s.B.DavidThompson’s.C.AlanBrown’s.15.Whatistheworkshopabout?A.Economyknowledge.B.Riskassessment.C.Employeemotivation.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherjob?A.Challenging.B.Interesting.C.Rewarding.17.Whatdothespeakersbothwanttodo?A.Findanewposition.B.Raiseemployees’salaries.C.Improvemanagementskills.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題18.Whatdoesthespeakerdo?A.Amedicaldoctor.B.Afitnessinstructor.C.Aswimmingcoach.19.Whatisthemonmistakepeoplemakeinworkouts?A.Focusingononlymuscletraining.B.Doingtoomanytypesofworkouts.C.Keepingthesameroutineallthetime.20.Howoftendoesthespeakersuggestpeopledohardworkouts?A.Onceaweek.B.Twiceaweek.C.Threetimesaweek.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AFourpopularfamilystaycation(宅度假)destinationsinLosAngelesPavilionHotel—CatalinaIsland513CrescentAve.,Avalon,CA90704Phone:(877)7788322CatalinaIslandistheperfectdestinationforafamilystaycationandthePavilionHotelisaperfectspotontheisland.ThePavilionHotelismerely14stepsfromaCatalinabeachandoffersabigdailycontinentalbreakfastandanightlywineandcheesehourfreeofcharge.Thereissomuchtodosuchasbiking,hiking,swimming,andboattours.Doreserveyourspotbeforeavailability.VeniceBreezeSuites2BreezeAve.,Venice,CA90291Phone:(310)5662222VeniceBreezeSuitesisahotelrightontheVeniceBeachboardwalkthatoffersafunatmosphere.ThehotelislocatedinaclassicoceanfrontbuildingintheheartofabicyclefriendlyurbanbeachmunityfilledwithuniqueplacestogosuchastheVeniceCanals,SkatePark,andMuscleBeach.PacificEdgeHotel647S.CoastHwy.,LagunaBeach,CA92651Phone:(949)4948566ThereisnoplacequitelikeLagunaBeachforaperfectfamilyvacation.ThePacificEdgeHoteloffersthefortsofhome.Thehotel’sfacilitiesincludeapraisedpack’n’playforlittleones,loungechairs,umbrellas,beachtowels,twoheatedpools,andapingpongtable.MalibuBeachInn22878PacificCoastHwy.,Malibu,CA90265Phone:(310)6517777Locatedalongtheseashorenicknamed“Billionaire’sBeach”,MalibuBeachInnoffersyoupleterelaxation.Eachofthe47wellequippedroomshasaprivatebalcony.You’llalsobejuststepsawayfromMalibulandmarksandhighendboutiques(精品店),roughhikingtrails(小路)thatleadtowildwatersports,andthebeach!21.WhatshouldguestsofPavilionHotel—CatalinaIslanddo?A.Payextrafornightlywine.B.Bookaroominadvance.C.Includeboattoursintheirschedule.D.Advertiseitscontinentalbreakfast.22.Whatnumberwouldaguestenjoyingswimminginaheatedpoolmostprobablycall?A.(949)4948322.B.(310)5662222.C.(949)4948566.D.(310)6517777.23.Whatdothefourstaycationdestinationshaveinmon?A.Theyareallnearabeach.B.Theyareallbicyclefriendly.C.Theyallhaveabalconyforrelaxation.D.Theyallprovidewildwatersportsfacilities.BShirleyRaineswaspresentedwiththe2021CNNHerooftheYear,assheofferedhopetothehomelesspeoplelivingonskidrow(貧民區(qū))inLosAngeles.Thenwhatinspiredhertodoso?In1990,Raines’2yearoldsondiedfromaccidentalpoisoning.Thiseventcausedheralotofpain,andthepainlastedformanyyears.Rainesdidn’tknowwhattodoaboutit.Andshecouldn’tfigureoutwhatshewaslivingfor.Untilonedayaboutseveralyearsago,Rainesvisitedtheskidrowwithafriendwhoworkedasavolunteer.Shemetalotofhomelesspeoplethereandrealizedthattheybadlyneededhelp,notjustinfindingahome,butinfindingthemselves,includingtheirownworthandbeauty.Then,Rainesforgotthepainthatfatehadgivenher.Shedevotedherselftohelpingthehomeless.RainesstartedtodovoluntaryworkeverySaturday.Asshegottoknowthehomeless,theyoftenpraisedherforhermakeup,hair,andstyle.Shethenstartedtomakethehomelessup.Theylovedit,andshelovedit.Thus,Rainesfoundthepurposeofherlife.Shestartedanoutdoorbeautysalon(美容院)toservethehomeless.RainesalsostartedsharingphotosonInstagram,andevenlivestreamingsomeofhereventssothatmorepeoplewouldjoinher.Thingstookoff,andRainesformedBeauty2theStreetz,anonprofitgroupthatprovidesfreefood,clothing,andmakeupservicesforthehomeless.Herfansquicklybegandonatingtoincreaseherimpact.Sofar,thenumberofherfanshasgrowntoover200,000,includingmanybeautyprofessionals.Someofthemregularlydonatemoneytokeepthegrouprunning.OtherssparesometimetohelpRainesservethehomeless.Sofar,Raineshasmadearealimpactonpeople’slives,andshehasbeenconsideredasarolemodelforagreatnumberofpeople.24.WhatcausedShirleyRainestohelpthehomeless?A.Thedeathofherson.B.Thevisittotheskidrow.C.Thefeelingofhomesickness.D.Theencouragementfromherfriend.25.WhydidShirleyRainesshareherthingsonInstagram?A.Toearnmoremoney.B.Tofindgreaterfame.C.Toteachpeopletomakethemselvesup.D.Tocallonmorepeopletohelpthehomeless.26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeShirleyRaines?A.Caring,capableandinfluential.B.Caring,straightforwardandsensible.C.Straightforward,warmheartedandcapable.D.Warmhearted,sensibleandinfluential.27.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.ToadvertiseBeauty2theStreetz.B.Toinspiremorepeopletobevolunteers.C.Tohelpthehomelessgainmoreattention.D.TointroduceShirleyRainesandherdeeds.CLionfishcertainlyaren’tthefastestpredators(捕食性動物)atsea,butnewresearchsuggeststhattheycancatchswiftpreyinanunhurriedway,movingslowlyinpursuituntiltheperfectmomenttostrike.“Thefindingmayhelpexplainpartofthelionfish’simpactasaninvasive(侵入的)species,andrevealsahuntingapproachthatotherrelativelyslowpredatorsuse,”researcherssaid.Bornwithbrightlycoloredstripes,lionfishoftenusecoralreefs(珊瑚)asaprotectionandremainundetectedlongenoughtofollowandattacksmallfish.Butthepredatorsalsofeedinopenwaterwherethey’remorevisible.Curiousabouthowtheseslowswimmershuntinplainview,AshleyPeterson,aprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,andhercolleaguesplacedsomeredlionfishinatankandrecordedthemastheychaseddownthegreenchromis,akindofsmallreeffish.In14ofthe23trials,thelionfishsuccessfullyswallowedtheirprey.Theyalsocapturedthechromisin74percentofthetrialswherethelionfishmadeattemptstostrike.Onaverage,chromisswamabouttwiceasfastaslionfish.Butchromisstillfellvictimtothewaylionfishhunted—lionfishswimtowardschromis,aimingfortheprey’scurrentposition.“Ifthey’reinterestedinsomething,theynevergiveup,”Petersonsaid.Incontrast,thepreyfishdoesburstsoffastswimmingalongwithshortpauses.“Overtime,lionfishwilltakeadvantageofallthosepausestogetcloserandcloseruntiltheycapturetheprey,”Petersonsaid.“Itwouldbeinterestingtoseehowlionfish’schaseplaysout.”Iflionfishdousethestrategyinthewildandthepreyreactssimilarly,it’spossiblethatthehuntingmethodcouldcontributetothedestructivepotentialoftheirinvasionintheCaribbean,thewesternAtlanticandtheMediterranean,wherethefishareeatingnativeoceananimalsanddisruptingfoodwebs.Butotherfactors,suchaslionfish’shugeappetiteandfruitfulreproduction,couldbemoreinfluentialontheinvasiveness.28.Whatdoesthenewresearchfocuson?A.Defensivemeasuresoflionfish.B.Slowpredators’huntingstrategy.C.Theimpactofdifferentpredators.D.Approachestohandlinginvasivespecies.29.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoexplainbythetrialsinParagraph2?A.Smallfisharemuchsaferinopenwater.B.Lionfishalwayspretendnottoseetheirprey.C.Lionfishhaveahighrateofsuccessfulstrikes.D.Fastpreytendsnottobelongdistanceswimmers.30.Whatcanbeinferredaboutlionfishduringtheirhuntingprocess?A.Theyquietlypickuptheirspeed.B.Theyprefermorechallengingprey.C.Theyliketoplaytrickygameswiththeirprey.D.Theyshowgreatperseveranceincapturingtheirprey.31.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A.Slowpredatorsmayhavethesamecharacteristics.B.Lionfish’huntingstylemakesthemdominatetheoceans.C.It’stimetodealwiththelimitationsofthewildenvironment.D.Lionfishareharmfultooceancreaturesasaninvasivespecies.DTheconfidencepeopleplaceinscienceisfrequentlybasednotonwhatitreally

is,butonwhat

people

wouldlikeittobe.WhenIaskedmystudentshowtheywoulddefine

science,manyofthemrepliedthatit’sanobjectivewayofdiscoveringcertaintiesabout

the

world.But

science

cannotprovidecertainties.Actually,doubtand

science

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in

hand.

Science,whenproperlyfunctioning,questionsacceptedunderstandingsandbringsbothnewknowledgeandnewquestions—not

certainty.Doubtdoes

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createtrust,nordoesithelppublicunderstanding.Sowhyshould

people

trustaprocessthatseemstorequireatroublesomestateofuncertaintywithoutalwaysprovidingsolidsolutions?Asahistorianof

science,Iwouldarguethatit’s

the

responsibilityofscientistsandhistoriansof

science

toshowthat

the

realpowerof

science

liesprecisely

in

what

is

oftenregardedasitsweakness:itsdrivetoquestionandchallengeacceptedunderstandings.Indeed,

the

scientificapproachrequireschangingourunderstandingofthenaturalworldwhenevernewevidencearisesfromeitherexperimentationorobservation.Scientificfindingsaretemporaryunderstandingsthatinvolve

the

stateofknowledgeatagivenmoment.

In

the

longrun,manyofthemarechallengedandevenoverturned.Doubtmightbetroubling,butitpushesustowardsabetterunderstanding.Certainties,

reassuring

astheymayseem,prevent

the

scientificprocess.Scientistsunderstandthis,butinthedynamicbetweenthepublicandscience,therearetwooppositemisconceptions(誤解).Thefirstisaformofblindscientism—abeliefthatscienceisunquestionableandhasthecapacitytosolveallproblems.Suchanidealizedrepresentationactuallyignorestheuniversalexistenceofcontroversy,conflictanderrorat

the

veryheartof

the

scientificworld.32.What’s

the

realpowerof

science

accordingto

the

author?A.Itprovidessolidsolutions.B.Itdefendsacceptedunderstandings.C.Itdiscoverscertaintiesabout

the

world.D.Itkeepsbringingquestionsandchallenges.33.Whatdoes

the

underlinedword“reassuring”probablymean?A.Challenging.B.forting.C.Disappointing.D.Surprising.34.Whatmaybe

the

beliefof

the

secondmisconception?A.Science

is

doubtfulbutuseful.B.Science

is

objectivebutimpractical.C.Science

is

unreliableandoflittleuse.D.Science

is

unchallengeableandacureall.35.Whatcanbe

the

besttitlefor

the

text?A.Why

Is

DoubtVitalto

Science?B.WhyShouldWeTrustScientists?C.What

Is

the

Weaknessof

Science?D.What

Is

Scientists’Responsibility?第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。In2019,GothamGreensopenedits9,300squaremetreBaltimorefarmontheformersiteofBethlehemSteel,whichwasthelargeststeelmanufacturingplantintheworld.__36__Itaimedtorepurposeunusedrooftopspacesandabandonedfactoriesforfoodproduction.Urbanpopulationsareprojectedtoincreaseby2.5billionby2050.__37__Butdespitetheriseincitybasedfarms,there’sstillalotwedon’tknowaboutthem,includingtheeconomicandenvironmentalcosts.FlorianPayen,anenvironmentalscientist,andhiscolleagueslookedatpreviousstudiesdonein53countrieswherecropsweregrownindifferenturbanenvironments,including“grey”spacessuchasrooftops,andbyusingdifferentgrowingmethods.__38__Justasimportantly,theyrevealedthemostmonlygrowntypesofcropsandthemosteffectivegrowingmethods.It’sknownthatthebenefitofurbanfarmingisareductioninfoodmiles.__39__Inonestudy,researchersanalyzedthecarbonfootprintofdifferentvegetablesgrowningreenhousesinCanadaandthatoftheimportingvegetablesfromtheUSA.“Theyfoundthatitwaslesscarbonintensivetoimportthecropsbecauseofthehighenergyinputrequiredtogrowthemlocallyingreenhouses,”saysPayen.__40__Urbanagriculturehasthepotentialtoenhancelocalecosystems,attractingpollinators(傳粉媒介)suchasbeesandbirdsthatboosturbanbiodiversitywhileprovidingmoregreenspacestohelpkeepcitiescoolandcountertheurbanheatislandeffect.A.Butthereareotherbenefits.B.Urbanagriculturecanhelpfeedourgrowingcities.C.It’swellworthinvestinginrooftopgardensorgreenhouses.D.Thefarmwasoneofthefarmsthepanyhadsetupincities.E.Urbanagricultureinanygivencitycantakelotsofdifferentforms.F.However,urbangrowncropsaren’tamoreenvironmentallyfriendlyoption.G.Surprisingly,theyfoundlittledifferenceinoverallyields(產(chǎn)量)betweenindoorandoutdoorspaces.第三部分語言運用（共三節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項?！癐’mnotapatientpersonatall,”saysTesniWard,awildlifephotographer.AsWardcontinues,itbeesclearshe’stalkingaboutherlife__41__photography.Itoncetookherabouttwohoursto__42__thedestination,twohourstofindthemountainhares(野兔),abouthalfanhourtogetintotheright__43__,andthenshejustsatthereandwaitedforanothertwohours.Andthen,she__44__gotthedesiredimageswithaharestretchingandrunning.WhatWardcan’t__45__isunethicalwildlifephotographers.Thesepeopleareoften__46__towaitforalongtimeandtendto__47__thephotographingprocess.Havingbeensittingthereforhoursinvaincan__48__photographers.Insuchacase,they__49__usesomewaystoattractanimalsout,whichcan__50__theirnaturalbehavior.AccordingtoWard,anonintrusive(非入侵的)wayistouseacamerathatshootsautomaticallywhenananimalis__51__.IntheeyesofWard,the__52__ofwildlifephotographyistheunpredictability.“Everysingleencounterisgoingtobepletely__53__,whichexcitesmemost,”saysWard.Butofcourse,therearealsoasetof__54__.”Sometimesyoutakealotofbadphotos,becausesomanyfactorssuchasanimals’behaviorandthelightareoutofyour__55__,”shesays.Ward’soverallgoalinphotographyistohelppeoplehaveabetterunderstandingofwildcreaturesandinspirethemtoprotectthewildlife.41.A.aboutB.besidesC.beyondD.through42.A.createB.leaveC.reachD.recognize43.A.formB.orderC.pictureD.position44.A.apparentlyB.confidentlyC.eventuallyD.temporarily45.A.explainB.predictC.refuseD.tolerate46.A.unwillingB.sureC.readyD.determined47.A.takedownB.holdbackC.gothroughD.speedup48.A.amuseB.depressC.relieveD.surprise49.A.rarelyB.hurriedlyC.carefullyD.seriously50.A.assessB.reflectC.disturbD.discover51.A.detectedB.attackedC.protectedD.abandoned52.A.appealB.impactC.targetD.trick53.A.briefB.differentC.pleasantD.successful54.A.beliefsB.challengesC.standardsD.strategies55.A.controlB.descriptionC.interestD.mind第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）根據(jù)句意和提示詞，寫出單詞的正確形式。56.Whatshouldgovernmentdotoprotectpeoplewhilepreservingspacefor_________(innovate).57.Japan

has

announced

plans

for

a

sharp

rise

in

its

nuclear

power

_________(generate).

58._________(suspect)ofcarryingsomethingdangerous,thetravelerwasstoppedbythecustomsofficer.59.ItwasthethirdtimethatI_________(bite),soIwenttothehospitalathirdtime.60.Whenthemeetingwasover,withseveralproblemsremaining_________(solve),themarketingmanageraskedsomeofustoremainsilent.61.It’sbeenbelievedforcenturiesthatgreat_________(pose)arequitedifferentfromordinarypeople.62.ThetoothbrushcansendtheinformationtoanAndroidphoneoriPhoneviaaBluetooth_________(wire)connection.63.Igotupat8:00thismorning,andI_________(sleep)fortenhours.64.Sometimesit’shardtomakeachange,butI’msogladIsetthewheelsofchange_________motionbecauseithasledmetowhereIamtoday.65.Iusedtowear__________(trend)clothesbutIjustlookedridiculous.第三節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。EdgarMcGregor,aclimateactivist,spenthundredsofdaysstraightpickinguplitter__66__(drop)ontheroadsinEatonCanyon,whichispartoftheAngelesNationalForestinsouthernCalifornia.McGregorwasmittedtoclearinguplitterwhile__67__(post)hisprogressonTwitter.HisTwitteraccountquicklyrosefromone__68__(follow)tomorethan17,000!McGregorwasmotivatedtostartthisjourneybythenews__69__LosAngeleswouldbehostingtheOlympicGamesin2028.Hethoughtthelitterinfested(垃圾遍布的)forestswouldbea“nationalembarrassment”fortheUnitedStates.HedecidedtostartwithcleaningEatonCanyonsincehelivedclosetoit.Manypeoplearethankful__70__hiswork,asthisareaisnowfreeofwaste.Recently,McGregor__71__(public)announcedthattherewasnolongertrashtobefoundinthearea.However,hisworkwasnotplete.Heplannedtogobackthere__72__(maintain)itscleancondition.Whenaskedabouthisexperience,McGregorsaid,“__73__itwasburninghotorpouringwithrain,Iwouldbeoutthereforatleastanhoureverysingleday,cleaningupmyarea.”Alloftherecyclableshefinds__74__(turn)inandthemoneygoestocharity.Uptonow,many__75__(organize),suchasWorldCentralKitchenandruralschoolsinUgandahavereceiveddonationfromMcGregor.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）假設(shè)你是李華，你的留學(xué)生朋友Tom因為考試成績不理想而感到苦惱，特來信向你求助。請你給他回一封信表示鼓勵并給出建議，內(nèi)容包括：1.給出鼓勵；2.提出建議；3.表達期望。注意：1．寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2．請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearT