河北省武邑中學(xué)2020-2021學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期第一次月考英語試題

河北武邑中學(xué)20202021學(xué)年高二年級(jí)上學(xué)期第一次月考英語試題本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）兩部分。共12頁，時(shí)間：120分鐘，考試結(jié)束后，保存好本試卷，上交答案卡。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答第I卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。不能答在本試卷上，否則無效。第I卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhatwasJessiedoingatabout9:00thismorning?A.Havinganonlineclass.B.Waitingfortheman.C.Makingacall.2.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inashop.B.Inarestaurant.C.Onasportsground.3.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Healwayswantedtobeadoctor.B.Hedidbusinesswhenhewasatschool.C.HestudiedtraditionalChinesemedicineafterhisfather.4.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofprofessorWong'slecture?A.Boring.B.Interesting.C.Easytounderstand.5.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Thewomanisenjoyingafreeplay.B.TheyhaveexperiencedatoughtimebecauseofthevirusC.Themanhastostayindoorstwomonthsbecauseofillness第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給A、B、C二選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhydoesJacklooksowell?A.Hedoesregularexercise.B.Hekeepsabalanceddiet.C.Helikestravellingverymuch.7.HowoftendoesJackgomountaineering?A.Everyweek.B.Twiceaweek.C.Everyotherweek.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhatdidJohnseewhenhefirstcametoBeijing?A.Afewtallbuildingsaround.B.Afewcyclistsandcarsontheroad.C.Manycyclistsontheroadandhutongsaround.9.WhendoesJohnthinktherapidchangesbegantotakeplaceinBeijing?A.In1989.B.Around2009.C.After2015.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Salesmanandcustomer.C.Producerandconsumer.11.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthecolorofthesofa?A.OK.B.Perfect.C.Awful.12.Whydon'ttheytakethesofarightaway?A.Theyaren'tsatisfiedwiththecolor.B.Theyarenotsureaboutthestyle.C.They'vedecidedtowaitforthemidyearsale.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13WhoisDavid?A.Theman'sboss.B.Thewoman'sboss.C.Thewoman'scook.14.WhatdisheswillbeservedtoDavid?ADongpoPorkandsteak.B.DongpoPorkandWestLakeFish.C.DongpoPork,WestLakeFishandsteak.15.Whathappenedinthewoman'sdepartmentlastyear?A.Itfacedariskofbeingshutdown.B.Itintroducedanewsystem.C.Itfiredasalesmanager.16.Whatisthespeakers'impressionofDavid?A.Hehasmuchfoodpreference.B.Heisagoodandexperienceddirector.C..Heisexpertatmanagingsocialrelations.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Outdoorcourses.B.Campusactivities.C.Travellingplans.18.Wherewillthestudentsgothistime?A.Alake.B.Aforest.C.Abeach.19.Whatwillthestudentslearntodo?A.Makeabirdhouse.B.Designabackpack.C.Designabirdcage.20.Howmanyhourswillthestudentsspendin"Nature"?A.3.B.12.C.36.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ALondonWalksKensingtonWalkLength:2.5milesThisrelativelyshortfortablewalkstartsoutinHydePark,London’slargestRoyalPark.AfteravisittoKensingtonPalace,it’sashortwalkovertotheAlbertHallandtheSouthKensingtonMuseums.Formostpeoplethemuseumsherewillkeepyouoccupiedforafullday,andeachoneofthemisfree.JustbeforeyougettotheAlbertHallyouetotheimpressiveAlbertMemorial.ThewalkfinishesatHarrods,London’smostfamousandEurope’slargestdepartmentstore.CrystalPalacetoForestHillWalkLength:8milesThiswalktakesinfiveattractiveparksandgardens.ThemostunusualsightonthiswalkistheCrystalPalaceDinosaurs,thefirsteverlifesizesculpturesofdinosaursandotherextinct(滅絕的)creatures.Theywereconstructedinthe1850s—beforethepublicationofDarwin’sOntheOriginofSpecies—andrestoredin2002.Theroute(路線)intoForestHillpassestheHornimanMuseumwithitsunusualcollectionofnaturalhistoryandmusicalinstruments;freeadmission.EalingBroadwayWalkLength:11milesThisisawalkingtourofgreenspacesandinterestingplacestovisitinWestLondon.ItstartsandfinishesatEalingBroadway.Therouteisrichinplacesofinterest,passingPitshangerManor,theGrandUnionCanal,BostonManor,SyonHouse,theRiverThames,RichmondOldDeerPark,KewGardens,andKewBridgeSteamMuseum.BostonManortubestationandBrentfordmainlinestationareclosetotheroute.BlackheathtoCanaryWharfWalkLength:7.5milesThemainattractionofthiswalkistheWorldHeritageSiteatitscentre,includingGreenwichPark,theOldRoyalNavalCollegeandRoyalMuseumsGreenwich(theNationalMaritimeMuseum,theQueen’sHouse,RoyalObservatoryandCuttySarkincluded).Manyoftheseattractionsarefreetoenterandarewellworthavisit,althoughtheyneedplentyoftimetoexploreinfull.1.WhatwillyoudoontheCrystalPalacetoForestHillWalk?A.SeeacollectionofDarwin’sworks. B.Learntoplayamusicalinstrument.C.Admiresculpturesofdinosaurs. D.Enjoythelongestwalkexperience.2.Whichwalk’sstartingpointisalsoitsdestination?A.EalingBroadwayWalk. B.CrystalPalacetoForestHillWalk.C.KensingtonWalk. D.BlackheathtoCanaryWharfWalk.3.Whichofthefollowingdoallthewalksprovide?A.Afreeroutemap. B.Amuseumvisit.C.Astopforshopping. D.Aguidetoplacesofinterest.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了幾種倫敦的徒步旅行，其中包括它們的起點(diǎn)，終點(diǎn)，路線及費(fèi)用等等?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中句子“ThemostunusualsightonthiswalkistheCrystalPalaceDinosaurs,thefirsteverlifesizesculpturesofdinosaursandotherextinct(滅絕的)creatures.”（這次旅行最不同尋常的景觀是水晶宮恐龍，這是第一批與實(shí)際動(dòng)物大小一樣的恐龍和其他滅絕生物的雕塑）可知，人們在這次旅行中會(huì)看到恐龍雕塑。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第三段句子“ItstartsandfinishesatEalingBroadway”（它開始于并結(jié)束于EalingBroadway）可知，本次旅行開始與結(jié)束都在同一個(gè)地方。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中內(nèi)容，四個(gè)徒步旅行中都提到了去博物館，如：第一段中“theSouthKensingtonMuseums.”，第二段中“theHornimanMuseum”，第三段中“KewBridgeSteamMuseum”及第四段中“theNationalMaritimeMuseum,”，所以可知所有的旅行中都包括游覽博物館。故選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】BForthosewhocanstomachit,workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialforhealththaneatingfirst,accordingtoastudyofmealtimingandphysicalactivity.Athletesandscientistshavelongknownthatmealtimingaffectsperformance.However,farlesshasbeenknownabouthowmealtimingandexercisemightaffectgeneralhealth.Tofindout,Britishscientistsconductedastudy.Theyfirstfound10overweightandinactivebutotherwisehealthyyoungmen,whoselifestylesare,forbetterandworse,representativeofthoseofmostofus.Theytestedthemen’sfitnessandrestingmetabolic(新陳代謝的)ratesandtooksamples(樣品)oftheirbloodandfattissue.Then,ontwoseparatemorningvisitstothescientists’lab,eachmanwalkedforanhouratanaveragespeedthat,intheory,shouldallowhisbodytorelymainlyonfatforfuel.Beforeoneoftheseworkouts,themenskippedbreakfast,meaningthattheyexercisedonapletelyemptystomachafteralongovernightfast(禁食).Ontheotheroccasion,theyatearichmorningmealabouttwohoursbeforetheystartedwalking.Justbeforeandanhouraftereachworkout,thescientiststookadditionalsamplesofthemen’sbloodandfattissue.Thentheyparedthesamples.Therewereconsiderabledifferences.Mostobviously,themendisplayedlowerbloodsugarlevelsatthestartoftheirworkoutswhentheyhadskippedbreakfastthanwhentheyhadeaten.Asaresult,theyburnedmorefatduringwalksonanemptystomachthanwhentheyhadeatenfirst.Ontheotherhand,theyburnedslightlymorecalories(卡路里),onaverage,duringtheworkoutafterbreakfastthanafterfasting.Butitwastheeffectsdeepwithinthefatcellsthatmayhavebeenthemostsignificant,theresearchersfound.Multiplegenesbehaveddifferently,dependingonwhethersomeonehadeatenornotbeforewalking.Manyofthesegenesproduceproteins(蛋白質(zhì))thatcanimprovebloodsugarregulationandinsulin(胰島素)levelsthroughoutthebodyandsoareassociatedwithimprovedmetabolichealth.Thesegenesweremuchmoreactivewhenthemenhadfastedbeforeexercisethanwhentheyhadbreakfasted.Theimplicationoftheseresultsisthattogainthegreatesthealthbenefitsfromexercise,itmaybewisetoskipeatingfirst.4.Theunderlinedexpression“stomachit”inParagraph1mostprobablymeans“______”.A.digestthemealeasily B.managewithoutbreakfastC.decidewiselywhattoeat D.eatwhateverisoffered5.Whywerethe10peoplechosenfortheexperiment?A.Theirlifestylesweretypicalofordinarypeople.B.Theirlackofexerciseledtooverweight.C.Theycouldwalkatanaveragespeed.D.Theyhadslowmetabolicrates.6.Whathappenedtothosewhoatebreakfastbeforeexercise?A.Theysuccessfullylostweight. B.Theyconsumedabitmorecalories.C.Theyburnedmorefatonaverage. D.Theydisplayedhigherinsulinlevels.7.Whatcouldbelearnedfromtheresearch?A.Aworkoutafterbreakfastimprovesgeneperformances.B.Toomuchworkoutoftenslowsmetabolicrates.C.Lifestyleisnotasimportantasmorningexercise.D.Physicalexercisebeforebreakfastisbetterforhealth.【答案】4.B5.A6.B7.D【解析】本文是說明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)研究，結(jié)果表明對(duì)于那些能忍受的人來說，不吃早餐鍛煉可能對(duì)健康更有益?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)下文workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialforhealththaneatingfirst可知，早餐前鍛煉可能比先吃飯?jiān)馘憻拰?duì)健康更有益，因此推斷這里說的是那些不吃早飯先鍛煉的人，因此推斷劃線詞與B項(xiàng)“不吃早飯能應(yīng)付”意思相近。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的Theyfirstfound10overweightandinactivebutotherwisehealthyyoungmen,whoselifestylesarefarbetterandworse,representativeofthoseofmostofus.可知，他們首先找到了10個(gè)超重的，不活躍但健康的年輕人，他們的生活方式可以說更好，也可以說更糟，代表了我們大多數(shù)人。因此可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)選擇的10個(gè)人的生活方式代表了普通人。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段的Asaresult,theyburnedmorefatduringwalksonanemptystomachthanwhentheyhadeatenfirst.Ontheotherhand.theyburnedslightlymorecalories(卡路里),onaverage,duringtheworkoutafterbreakfastthanafterfasting.可知，結(jié)果，他們空腹散步時(shí)燃燒的脂肪比他們首先吃東西時(shí)所燃燒的脂肪要多。另一方面。平均而言，他們在早餐后鍛煉時(shí)燃燒的卡路里略多于禁食后。因此可知，鍛煉前吃早飯消耗更多一點(diǎn)的熱量。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Theimplicationoftheseresultsisthattogainthegreatesthealthbenefitsfromexercise,itmaybewisetoskipeatingfirst.可知，這些結(jié)果的暗示，為了從運(yùn)動(dòng)中獲得最大的健康益處，先不吃東西可能更明智。因此推斷早飯前的體育鍛煉對(duì)健康更有益。故選D。CAn18yearoldstudentwasstrugglingtopayhisfees.Notknowingwheretogetthemoney,heandafrienddecidedtohostamusicalconcerttoraisemoneyfortheireducation.TheywenttothegreatpianistPaderewski.Hismanagerdemanded$2,000forthepianorecital(獨(dú)奏會(huì)).Adealwasmadeandtheboysbegantoworktomaketheconcertasuccess.Thebigdayarrived.Butunfortunately,theyhadn’tmanagedtosellenoughtickets.Thetotalcollectionwasonly$1,600.Disappointed,theywenttoPaderewskiandgavehimtheentire$1,600,andpromisedtopayhimtherest$400backassoonaspossible.“No,”saidPaderewski.“Keepthemoneyyouneedforyourfees.Andjustgivemewhateverisleft.”Theboysweresurprised,andverythankful.PaderewskilaterbecamethePrimeMinisterofPoland,andhewasagreatleader.WhentheWorldWarbrokeout,morethan1.5millionpeoplewenthungry,buttherewasnofoodtofeedthem.PaderewskiturnedtotheUSFoodandReliefAdministrationforhelp.TheheadtherewasamancalledHerbertHoover—wholaterbecametheUSPresident.HooveragreedtohelpandquicklyshippedtonsoffoodtoPoland.PaderewskidecidedtogoacrosstothankHooverhimself.WhenPaderewskibegantothankHooverforhiskindness,Hooverquicklystoppedhimandsaid,“Youshouldn’tbethankingme,Mr.PrimeMinister.Youmaynotrememberthis,butseveralyearsago,youhelpedtwoyoungstudentsgothroughcollege.Iwasoneofthem.”8.Whydidthetwostudentsdecidetoraisemoney?A.Topayfortheireducation. B.Tobuytheconcerttickets.C.TohelppeopleinPoland. D.Toholdamusicalconcert.9.Whatdidthetwostudentsthinkofthepianist?A.Greedy. B.Humorous. C.Helpful. D.Shy.10.WhatcanwelearnaboutHerbertHoover?A.HewasoneofPaderewski’sstudents. B.Hedidn’tfinishhiscollegeeducation.C.Hewasveryrichwhenhewasyoung. D.HewasoneoftheAmericanpresidents.11.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Greatmindsthinkalike. B.Kindnessbringsitsownrewards.C.Honestyisthebestpolicy. D.Wherethere’sawill,there’saway.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了美國總統(tǒng)胡佛和波蘭首相帕德雷夫斯基之間發(fā)生的故事。胡佛在讀書時(shí)期交不起學(xué)費(fèi)得到了帕德雷夫斯基的幫助，帕德雷夫斯基在當(dāng)上首相之后因?yàn)槿嗣裨庥鲳嚮那笾诿绹?，碰巧遇到了在美國食品和救?jì)管理局任職的胡佛，可謂善有善報(bào)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Notknowingwheretogetthemoney,heandafrienddecidedtohostamusicalconcerttoraisemoneyfortheireducation.(不知道錢從哪里來，他和一個(gè)朋友決定舉辦一場音樂會(huì)，為他們的教育籌集資金。)”可知，兩個(gè)學(xué)生籌集資金的目的是為了支付他們的教育費(fèi)用。故選A。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段““No,”saidPaderewski.“Keepthemoneyyouneedforyourfees.Andjustgivemewhateverisleft.”Theboysweresurprised,andverythankful.(“不，”Paderewski說?！氨Ａ裟闼枰馁M(fèi)用。剩下的就給我吧。孩子們很驚訝，也很感激。)”可推斷，在兩個(gè)學(xué)生眼里帕德雷夫斯基是一位很樂于助人的人。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“TheheadtherewasamancalledHerbertHoover—wholaterbecametheUSPresident.(那里有一個(gè)叫胡佛的人——他后來成為了美國總統(tǒng)。)”可知，胡佛是美國總統(tǒng)之一。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。章講述了美國總統(tǒng)胡佛和波蘭首相帕德雷夫斯基之間發(fā)生的故事。胡佛在讀書時(shí)期交不起學(xué)費(fèi)得到了帕德雷夫斯基的幫助，帕德雷夫斯基在當(dāng)上首相之后因?yàn)槿嗣裨庥鲳嚮那笾诿绹?，碰巧遇到了在美國食品和救?jì)管理局任職的胡佛。從而可以推斷，善有善報(bào)。故選B。D“It’srainingcatsanddogs!”AlthoughthisphraseisnotverymoninEnglandanymore,itclearlyshowshowwedon’talwayssaywhatwemean.Onethingthatisoftenfrustrating(灰心的)forlanguagelearnersisthattheyunderstandeverywordinasentenceandyetthemeaningremainsunclear—likethissentencethatactuallymeans“it’srainingveryheavily!”However,it’snotjustidiomsthatcausedifficultiesforpeoplelearningEnglish.TheBritishareoftenconsideredtobepolitebutthiscanbeveryconfusingfornonnativespeakers.Weoftendon’tsaywhatwearethinking—infactweoftensaytheopposite!Here’sanexamplethatwillhopefullyexplainwhatImean:“Youshoulderoundfortea!”Britishpeoplearelessopenthanpeoplefromothercultures,sowearen’tasquicktoinvitepeopleintoourhomes.Thisphraseisoneofthosethatwesaybutoftendon’treallymean,sowhennofurtherdetailsaregiven,youcanprobablyassume(認(rèn)為)itwasmadeinthenameofpoliteness!Buthowdoesthisparetoothercountries?WhenIlivedinIndia,lotsofpeoplewouldinvitemeintotheirhomesbutIalwaysassumedthattheywerejustbeingpolite.Ofcourse,Iwaswrong.Theinvitationswerealmostalwaysgenuine,andpeopleexpectedmetovisitthem.Iwasalwayssurprisedbyhowwelingpeoplewere.Infact,IthinkIspentmoretimeatotherpeople’shousesthanmyown!InEngland,weoftenthinkit’spolitetoofferorsuggestsomethingevenifwedon’tactuallywanttodoit,whileinotherculturespeoplearemoredirect.PerhapsifEnglishpeoplejustsaywhattheywerethinking,thingswouldbealoteasier—especiallyfornonnativespeakers!12Theexample“It’srainingcatsanddogs!”ismentionedtoshowthat______.A.itistimeforpeopleprotectthesepetanimalsB.theweatherconditioninEnglandisratherawfulC.whatBritishpeoplesayisdifferentfromwhattheythinkD.itisdifficultfornonnativelearnertounderstandidioms13.WhatdopeoplefromotherculturesthinkofBritishpeople’spoliteness?A.Directandhonest. B.Tootraditionaltoaccept.C.Seriousandformal. D.Difficulttounderstand.14.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“genuine”underlinedinParagraph4?A.personal. B.real. C.informal. D.special.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Toencouragepeopletoshowpoliteness.B.Toteachpeoplehowtoavoidmisunderstandings.C.TodiscusshowtolearnEnglishidiomseffectively.D.Toadvisepeopletounderstandpolitenessculturally.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.D【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要為我們介紹了在不同的文化環(huán)境下人們對(duì)于禮貌的看法是不同的，即禮貌取決于我們所處的文化。文章用了很多具體的事例講述了這種不同之處?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AlthoughthisphraseisnotverymoninEnglandanymore,itclearlyshowshowwedon’talwayssaywhatwemean.(雖然這個(gè)短語在英國已經(jīng)不常見了，但它清楚地表明我們并不總是表達(dá)我們的意思)”可以推斷，英國人所說的和他們所想的不一樣。故選C。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TheBritishareoftenconsideredtobepolitebutthiscanbeveryconfusingfornonnativespeakers.(英國人通常被認(rèn)為是有禮貌的，但這對(duì)于非英語國家的人來說可能會(huì)很困惑。)”可知，其他文化背景的人對(duì)于英國人的禮貌是很難理解的。故選D?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第四段劃線句前句“WhenIlivedinIndia,lotsofpeoplewouldinvitemeintotheirhomesbutIalwaysassumedthattheywerejustbeingpolite.Ofcourse,Iwaswrong.(我在印度生活的時(shí)候，很多人會(huì)邀請(qǐng)我去他們家，但我總是認(rèn)為他們只是出于禮貌。當(dāng)然，我錯(cuò)了。)”可知，在印度這些邀請(qǐng)幾乎都是真實(shí)的。從而猜測genuine為“真實(shí)的”之意。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。文章主要為我們介紹了在不同的文化環(huán)境下人們對(duì)于禮貌的看法是不同的，即禮貌取決于我們所處的文化。可知，本文的目的是建議人們從文化上理解禮貌。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Morethanhalftheplanet’spopulationnowliveincities,withlimitedaccesstothenaturalworld.ForEuropeandLatinAmerica,thefigureismorethan70%.___16___Gardeninginparticularisanopportunityforeveryonetohavesuchkindofexperience,eveniftheyliveinbuiltupareas.Itistypicallyseenasmoderate(適度的)intensityexerciseequaltoplayingdoublestennisorwalkingataspeedof3.5mph,soithassimilarfitnessbenefits.___17___Homeandgardenshavelongbeenimportantforfamilyfoodproduction,butgardeningcanalsoencouragepeopletoeatmorehealthilyandactasaneducationalresourceonnutritiousfood.Infact,childrenwhotakepartingardeningandgrowtheirownfoodhaveagreaterpreferencefor,andincreasedconsumptionof,fruitandvegetables.___18___Researchhasshownthatgardenersgenerallyhavegreaterlifesatisfaction,raisedselfesteemandfewerfeelingsofdepressionandangerthannongardeners.Thislastpointsuggeststhatthementalbenefitsofgardeningmaybemorethanjustasideeffectofthephysicalexerciseinvolved,____19____Peoplewithstrongsocialnetworkshaveanincreasedlifeexpectancy,lessstressandfewervisitstothedoctor.Inaddition,spendingtimeoutdoorsinanaturalenvironmenthelpsustofeellessstressed,reducethesymptomsofdepression,andimproveourconcentrationandattention.Allthisevidenceshowsthere’sastrongrelationshipbetweengardeningandhealth,butweonlyknowforsurethatthereisconnection,not"causeandeffect".____20____Wealsoneedtodirectlyexaminetheimmediateeffectsofgardeningonpeoplewhohaveneverpreviouslytakenpartoraresufferingfrommentalandphysicalillhealth.A.Gardeningisalsolinkedtobetterdiets.B.Butmorethanthis,itcanpromotepeople’smentalhealth.C.Onepossiblereasonisthatgardeningcaninvolvesocialinteraction.D.Agoodeatingissupposedtoincludeabalanceofseveralfoodgroups.E.Yetcontactwithnaturehasvarietiesofbenefitsforbothphysicalandmentalhealth.F.Thismeansgardeningaloneisnotnecessarilyadirectcauseofanyimprovementsinhealth.G.Remainingsociallyactivecanalsoinspireseniorstobuildconfidenceandliveahealthylife.【答案】16.E17.A18.B19.C20.F【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了園藝給我們帶來的好處，它能使人身心健康，有健康的飲食，并且可以通過園藝增加社會(huì)互動(dòng)的機(jī)會(huì)。至于園藝是否單方可以達(dá)到這些效果，還需調(diào)查研究?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)后文Morethanhalftheplanet’spopulationnowliveincities,withlimitedaccesstothenaturalworld.可知，地球上超過一半的人都生活在城市里，接觸自然世界的機(jī)會(huì)有限。E.Yetcontactwithnaturehasvarietiesofbenefitsforbothphysicalandmentalhealth.然而，與大自然接觸對(duì)身心健康都有各種好處。符合文意，前后句構(gòu)成明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選E項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文Homeandgardenshavelongbeenimportantforfamilyfoodproduction,butgardeningcanalsoencouragepeopletoeatmorehealthilyandactasaneducationalresourceonnutritiousfood.可知，長期以來，家庭和花園對(duì)家庭食品生產(chǎn)一直很重要，但園藝也可以鼓勵(lì)人們吃得更健康，并作為營養(yǎng)食品方面的教育資源。A.Gardeningisalsolinkedtobetterdiets.園藝也與更好的飲食聯(lián)系在一起。符合文意，后文是選項(xiàng)的具體說明——園藝和飲食的關(guān)系，故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文Researchhasshownthatgardenersgenerallyhavegreaterlifesatisfaction,raisedselfesteemandfewerfeelingsofdepressionandangerthannongardeners.可知，研究表明，與非園丁相比，園丁通常有更高的生活滿意度、更高的自尊和更少的抑郁和憤怒感。B.Butmorethanthis,itcanpromotepeople’smentalhealth.但更重要的是，它可以促進(jìn)人們的心理健康。符合文意，前后兩部分話題一致，都講述園藝有益于人的心理健康，故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文Thislastpointsuggeststhatthementalbenefitsofgardeningmaybemorethanjustasideeffectofthephysicalexerciseinvolved.可知，最后一點(diǎn)表明，園藝的精神益處可能不僅僅是體育鍛煉帶來的作用。C.Onepossiblereasonisthatgardeningcaninvolvesocialinteraction.一個(gè)可能的原因是園藝可能涉及到社會(huì)互動(dòng)。符合文意，前后兩部分都講述了園藝對(duì)人的好處，且構(gòu)成了明顯的遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文Wealsoneedtodirectlyexaminetheimmediateeffectsofgardeningonpeoplewhohaveneverpreviouslytakenpartoraresufferingfrommentalandphysicalillhealth.可知，我們還需要直接檢查園藝對(duì)從未參加過或身體健康不佳的人的直接影響。F.Thismeansgardeningaloneisnotnecessarilyadirectcauseofanyimprovementsinhealth.這意味著單靠園藝并不一定是改善健康狀況的直接原因。符合文意，前后部分構(gòu)成明顯的因果關(guān)系——因?yàn)閳@藝不一定可以改善健康，所以需要進(jìn)一步的研究和觀察，故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Duringthewar,myhusbandwasstationedatanarmycampinadesertinCalifornia.Iwenttolivethereinordertobe___21___him.Ihatedtheplace.Ihadnever___22___beensounhappy.Myhusbandwasorderedoutonalongtermduty,andIwasleftinatinyshack(棚屋)alone.Theheatwas___23___—almost125°Fevenintheshadeofacactus(仙人掌).___24___asoultotalkto.Thewindblewnonstop,andallthefoodIate,andtheveryairIbreathed,were___25___withsand,sand,sand!IwassosorryformyselfthatIwrotetomyparents.ItoldthemIwas___26___andingbackhome.IsaidIcouldn’tstanditoneminutelonger.I___27___beinprison!Myfatheransweredmy___28___withjusttwolines—twolinesthatwillalwayssinginmy___29___—twolinesthatpletelychangedmylife:Twomenlookedoutfromprisonbars,Onesawthemud,theothersawthestars.Ireadthosetwolines____30____.Iwasashamedofmyself.ImadeupmymindIwouldfindoutwhatwasgoodinmypresent____31____;Iwouldlookforthestars.Imadefriendswiththenatives,andtheir____32____amazedme.Theygavemepresentsoftheirfavoriteartworkswhichtheyhad____33____toselltotourists.Istudiedthedelightfulformsofthecactus.Iwatchedforthedesertsunsets,and____34____forseashellsthathadbeenlefttheremillionsofyearsagowhenthesandsofthedeserthadbeenanocean____35____.Whatbroughtaboutthis____36____changeinme?Thedeserthadn’tchanged,____37____Ihad.Ihadchangedmy____38____.Andbydoingso,Ichangedanunhappyexperienceintothemostamazing____39____ofmylife.IwasexcitedbythisnewworldthatIhaddiscovered.Ihadlookedoutofmyselfcreatedprisonand____40____thestars.21.A.off B.behind C.near D.beyond22.A.before B.already C.then D.still23.A.inflexible B.inprehensible C.uncontrollable D.unbearable24.A.Only B.No C.Many D.Such25.A.covered B.filled C.buried D.charged26.A.catchingup B.keepingup C.givingup D.gettingup27.A.oughtto B.mightwell C.wouldrather D.hadbetter28A.request B.call C.question D.letter29.A.parison B.imagination C.consideration D.memory30.A.overandover B.byandby C.upanddown D.nowandthen31.A.pany B.occupation C.situation D.relationship32.A.movement B.reaction C.guidance D.purpose33.A.refused B.failed C.managed D.happened34.A.asked B.hunted C.waited D.headed35.A.floor B.surface C.rock D.level36.A.shocking B.challenging C.puzzling D.astonishing37.A.as B.but C.for D.or38.A.attitude B.principle C.identity D.standard39.A.vacation B.operation C.affair D.adventure40.A.sought B.counted C.found D.reached【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.B26.C27.C28.D29.D30.A31.C32.B33.A34.B35.A36.D37.B38.A39.D40.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。作者講述自己為了離丈夫近一些，住在他所在的沙漠的軍營里，寂寞的生活和艱苦的生活條件讓作者難以忍受，她寫信告訴父母要回家。父親給他的信中就兩行字，就是這兩行字使作者改變了自己對(duì)人生的態(tài)度?！?1題詳解】本題考查語境判斷之其他線索（上下文）。句意：為了離丈夫近一些，我搬到那里居住。A.off遠(yuǎn)離；B.behind在……后面；C.near靠近；D.beyond超過。根據(jù)上文的Iwenttolivethere可知，作者去住在丈夫的軍營為了靠近丈夫。故選C?！?2題詳解】本題考查語境判斷之邏輯關(guān)系。句意：我以前從來沒有這么不開心過。A.before以前；B.already已經(jīng)；C.then然后；D.still仍然。根據(jù)下文Iwasleftinatinyshack(棚屋)alone.可知，作者以前從沒有感覺這么不開心。故選A?！?3題詳解】本題考查語境判斷之其他線索。句意：即使在仙人掌的陰影下，溫度也達(dá)到125華氏度。A.inflexible頑固的；B.inprehensible不可思議的；C.uncontrollable不舒適的；D.unbearable難以忍受的。由125華氏度相當(dāng)于大約51攝氏度，可知熱是難以忍受的。故選D?！?4題詳解】本題考查語境判斷之其他線索。句意：沒有人可以說話。A.Only僅僅；B.No沒有；C.Many很多；D.Such這樣。根據(jù)上文adesert和alone可知，作者很孤單，沒有一個(gè)人可以交談。故選B?！?5題詳解】本題考查詞義判斷之詞義辨析。句意：風(fēng)不停地吹，我吃的食物，我呼吸的空氣都充滿了沙子。A.covered覆蓋；B.filled填滿；C.buried埋葬；D.charged負(fù)責(zé)，要價(jià)。根據(jù)上文adesert可知，作者吃的食物，呼吸的空氣都是沙子。故選B?！?6題詳解】本題考查語境判斷之邏輯關(guān)系。句意：我告訴他們我想放棄這里，回家。A.catchingup趕上；B.keepingup維持；C.givingup放棄；D.gettingup起床。根據(jù)下文ingbackhome可知，作者寫信給父母，告訴他們她要放棄。故選C?！?7題詳解】本題考查語境判斷之邏輯關(guān)系。句意：我寧愿坐牢也不想再在這里多呆一分鐘。A.oughtto應(yīng)該；B.mightwell不妨，最好；C.wouldrather寧愿；D.hadbetter最好。根據(jù)上文IsaidIcouldn’tstanditoneminutelonger可知，我寧愿在監(jiān)獄里。故選C?！?8題詳解】本題考查語境判斷之其他線索（上下文）。句意：我父親只用兩行字回復(fù)了我的信件。A.request請(qǐng)求；B.call；C.question問題；D.letter信。根據(jù)上文Iwrotetomyparents可知，作者的爸爸回復(fù)了作者的信。故選D?！?9題詳解】本題考查語境判斷之其他線索（上下文）。句意：這兩行字總是在我記憶里，它完全改變了我的生活。A.parison比較；B.imagination想象；C.consideration考慮；D.memory記憶。由這兩句話改變了作者的生活，可知作者經(jīng)常回想起這兩句話，這兩句話總是活躍在作者的記憶中。故選D。【30題詳解】本題考查語境判斷之其他線索（上下文）。句意：我一遍一遍地讀那兩行字。A.overandover一遍又一遍；B.byandby不久；C.upanddown上上下下；D.nowandthen不時(shí)。根據(jù)下文Iwasashamedofmyself.可知，作者一遍又一遍地讀這兩行字。故選A。【31題詳解】本題考查語境判斷之其他線索（上下文）。句意：我下定決心在我現(xiàn)在的環(huán)境中發(fā)現(xiàn)好的東西。A.pany公司，陪伴；B.occupation占據(jù)，職業(yè)；C.situation環(huán)境；D.relationship關(guān)系。這個(gè)空格與上邊描述的沙漠中惡劣的環(huán)境相呼應(yīng)，故選C?！?2題詳解】本題考查語境判斷之其他線索（上下文）。句意：我和當(dāng)?shù)厝私慌笥眩麄兊姆磻?yīng)讓我很吃驚。A.movement運(yùn)動(dòng)；B.reaction反應(yīng)；C.guidance指導(dǎo)；D.purpose目的。根據(jù)下文中的描述，他們給我最喜歡的藝術(shù)作品的禮物，這些作品是他們拒絕賣給游客的，作者和當(dāng)?shù)厝私慌笥?，他們的反?yīng)讓作者很驚訝。故選B?！?3題詳解】本題考查語境判斷之邏輯關(guān)系。句意：他們給我最喜歡的藝術(shù)作品的禮物，這些作品是他們拒絕賣給游客的。A.refused拒絕；B.failed失敗；C.managed設(shè)法完成；D.happened碰巧。當(dāng)?shù)厝司芙^賣給游客的禮物，才能顯示出禮物的珍貴性。故選A?！?4題詳解】本題考查語境判斷之其他線索。句意：我觀看沙漠里的日落，尋找貝殼。A.askedfor要求；B.huntedfor搜尋，尋找；C.waitedfor等待；D.headedfor去往某地。根據(jù)常識(shí)，貝殼是需要尋找的。故選B?！?5題詳解】本題考查語境判斷之其他線索。句意：我觀看沙漠里的日落，尋找?guī)装偃f年前，沙漠曾是海床時(shí)留在那里的貝殼。A.floor地板；B.surface表面；C.rock巖石；D.level水平。根據(jù)上文millionsofyearsago可知，幾百萬年前，沙漠曾經(jīng)是海床，所以才會(huì)有貝殼。Seafloor意為“海床”，故選A?！?6題詳解】本題考查語境判斷之其他線索。句意：什么造成我這樣令人驚訝的改變？根據(jù)上文twolinesthatpletelychangedmylife可知，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)作者態(tài)度發(fā)生改變的原因。A.shocking令人震驚的；B.challenging有挑戰(zhàn)的；C.puzzling令人困惑的；D.astonishing令人驚訝的。故選D?！?7題詳解】本題考查語境判斷之邏輯關(guān)系。句意：沙漠沒有改變，但是我變了。A.as正如，因?yàn)椋S著；B.but但是；C.for因?yàn)椋籇.or或者。前后兩句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選B?！?8題詳解】本題考查語境判斷之其他線索（上下文）。句意：我已經(jīng)改變了自己的態(tài)度。A.attitude態(tài)度；B.principle原則；C.identity身份；D.standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，作者改變了自己對(duì)待生活的態(tài)度。故選A?！?9題詳解】本題考查語境判斷之其他線索（上下文）。句意：