高中英語(yǔ)詞匯教學(xué)的一些感悟

高中英語(yǔ)詞匯教學(xué)的思考與實(shí)踐

Whytoteach(Theimportance):▲▲語(yǔ)言學(xué)家Wilkings:

“Withoutgrammar,verylittlecanbeconveyed.

Withoutvocabulary,nothing

canbeconveyed.”

思考篇

2013高考研討會(huì)Vocabularysizeofnativespeakers：Age:5.5-10yrs:6000Age:13-17yrs:12000-18000SpeakingvocabularyWritingvocabulary.

passivevocabularyReadingvocabularyGuessingvocabularyactivevocabulary2013高考研討會(huì)思考篇Whytoteach(Theimportance):

2013高考研討會(huì)思考篇Whytoteach(Theimportance):1.七級(jí)要求學(xué)會(huì)使用2400-2500個(gè)單詞和300-400個(gè)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)或固定搭配；(高中畢業(yè)根本要求)2.八級(jí)要求學(xué)會(huì)使用3300-3500個(gè)左右的單詞和400-500個(gè)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)或固定搭配；3.九級(jí)要求學(xué)會(huì)使用4500個(gè)左右的單詞和一定數(shù)量的習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)或固定搭配?！队⒄Z(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》要求:

2013年普高英語(yǔ)科考試說(shuō)明(以下簡(jiǎn)稱考試說(shuō)明)那么明確要求考生：要能根據(jù)特定的語(yǔ)境準(zhǔn)確使用英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法，選用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~匯?？荚囌f(shuō)明還列出需熟練掌握2600多的7級(jí)詞匯，610個(gè)8級(jí)閱讀詞匯。2013高考研討會(huì)思考篇Whytoteach(Theimportance):考試說(shuō)明是這樣描述的：英語(yǔ)單詞的含義并非完全等同于詞典中所標(biāo)注的漢語(yǔ)意思，其含義隨不同的語(yǔ)境會(huì)有所不同。能根據(jù)上下文正確理解靈活變化的詞義，才算是真正初步具備了一定的閱讀理解能力。2013高考研討會(huì)思考篇Whytoteach(Theimportance):Tounderstandthewordwhenit’sspokenorwrittenTorecallitwhenyouneeditTouseitwiththecorrectmeaningTopronounceitcorrectlyToknowwhichotherwordsyoucan(orcan’t)usewithitTouseitintherightsituationToknowifithaspositiveornegativeconnotationsToknowwhenandwhennottouseit2013高考研討會(huì)思考篇Whattoteach:

WORD

The

UsageThespellingThePartofSpeechTheDefinitionTheConnotationsThe

AssociationThe

PronunciationThe

Grammar

BehaviorThe

derivationThe

Collocation

2013高考研討會(huì)思考篇Whattoteach:〔1〕通過(guò)周密地控制或安排閱讀材料中的詞匯，使學(xué)生接觸

目標(biāo)詞匯；〔2〕在生詞自然出現(xiàn)時(shí)介紹詞匯的意思；〔3〕把詞匯教學(xué)與其他教學(xué)活動(dòng)結(jié)合

起來(lái)；〔4〕單獨(dú)的詞匯教學(xué)活動(dòng)。我們可以把這些方法作為高中英語(yǔ)詞匯教學(xué)的“宏觀策

略”來(lái)指導(dǎo)我們的實(shí)踐。2013高考研討會(huì)實(shí)踐篇Howshouldvocabularybetaught?:策略一：開(kāi)掘同根詞，掌握構(gòu)詞法常識(shí)。策略二：分類強(qiáng)化，關(guān)注特殊，重點(diǎn)突破。策略三：重視熟詞生義/新性適度拓展策略四：重視具體語(yǔ)境下的詞匯應(yīng)用訓(xùn)練。策略五：堅(jiān)持不懈，持之以恒：每日5-10分鐘；閱讀中積累、增加詞匯量；策略六：詞匯擴(kuò)展本：對(duì)于復(fù)習(xí)階段在閱讀等中遇到的生詞，要及時(shí)摘抄到詞匯擴(kuò)展本上，并不時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)、穩(wěn)固。Hold住高分策略2013高考研討會(huì)實(shí)踐篇Howshouldvocabularybetaught?:進(jìn)行詞匯教學(xué)的實(shí)踐:1.實(shí)踐課例一：用上下文學(xué)習(xí)和掌握詞義2.實(shí)踐課例二：幽默聯(lián)想找單詞間規(guī)律，自編自用3.實(shí)踐課例三：用頭腦風(fēng)暴和思維導(dǎo)圖建詞匯庫(kù)4.實(shí)踐課例四：外形聯(lián)想法記憶5.實(shí)踐課例五：用多手段加大語(yǔ)言輸入，穩(wěn)固和擴(kuò)大詞匯2013高考研討會(huì)6.實(shí)踐課例六：配情景圖片、用真實(shí)語(yǔ)境，促詞匯活用7.實(shí)踐課例七：在任務(wù)型教學(xué)中促學(xué)詞匯Myparentsarepresentingthepeoplepresent

withpresentsatpresent.Theboylayingthetablelied

thatthehenlying

therehadjustlaid

twobigeggs.Thesleepingchildissoundasleepnow,sobythetimeheisawake,hewon’tfeelsleepy.2013高考研討會(huì)Example1:一詞多義

說(shuō)〔say,speak,tell,talk〕explainrepeatshoutwhisperaddreport

reply(answer)continueannouncedeclaresuggestadvisemurmurdemandagreerefusecomplainimplyadmit解釋說(shuō)重復(fù)說(shuō)大聲說(shuō)低聲說(shuō)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)報(bào)告說(shuō)暗示說(shuō)答復(fù)說(shuō)成認(rèn)說(shuō)埋怨說(shuō)繼續(xù)說(shuō)拒絕說(shuō)要求說(shuō)宣布說(shuō)同意說(shuō)咕噥說(shuō)宣布說(shuō)建議說(shuō)2013高考研討會(huì)Example2:“說(shuō)”的表達(dá)方式

(一義多詞)

Example3:詞匯教學(xué)語(yǔ)境化Todayismybirthday.WhenIcamehomewithalightheart〔adj.輕松的〕,myparentswerebusypreparingdinner.Thelightintheroomwaspoor〔n.光線〕,soIturnedonthelights〔n.燈〕.Nowourroomwasbrightwithallthelightson.〔n.燈〕Soondinnerwasready.Myfatherturnedoffthelights〔n.燈〕andlighted〔v.點(diǎn)燃〕thecandlesonthecakewhichlitup〔v.照亮，使明亮〕theroom.Lightmusic〔輕音樂(lè)〕wasplayed.Iprayedformydream.WhenIopenedmyeyes,thelights〔n.燈〕wereonagain.Inmymother’shandlayapresentwhichwasalight〔adj.輕的〕silkscarfwithalight(adj.淺色的，淡色的)blueflowerinthemiddle.Howbeautifulitwas!HowhappyIwas!2013高考研討會(huì)

1.

Negroesandheroes

liketoeat

potatoes

and

tomatoesfromthevolcanoes.2.A

modern

modestmodel

wona

metalmedal

.3.Thereisa

mutton

anda

button

atthe

bottom

ofthe

bottle.4.Doesyour

loverlove

yourglove?5.Believeitornot,the

sweatinmysweateris

sweet,

soI’dliketo

eat

it.2013高考研討會(huì)Example1:幽默地利用聯(lián)想，

找單詞之間規(guī)律，自編自用冬日找工作空氣中透著chill(寒意)吞下了兩顆pill(藥丸)出門走去woolenmill(毛紡廠)一定把夢(mèng)想fulfill(實(shí)現(xiàn))心里沖動(dòng)身體thrill(發(fā)抖)牛奶不慎被spill(灑落)唉!天不從人will(意愿)還是賣肉回家grill(燒烤)先把肚子fulfill(填滿)犒勞自己鼓起極大的nerve(勇氣)

把豪華酒店reserve(預(yù)定)享受專人來(lái)serve(伺候)

這一切我都deserve(值得)2013高考研討會(huì)Example2:規(guī)律詞幽默串燒，自編自用瀟灑活一把生活別把人rely(依靠)

自己的信念comply(遵守)喜歡的職位apply(申請(qǐng))

自由自在butterfly(蝴蝶)2013高考研討會(huì)Example2:規(guī)律詞幽默串燒，自編自用村長(zhǎng)選舉村里正在elect(選舉)要把村長(zhǎng)select(挑選)民意正在collect(搜集)講的雖是dialect(方言)內(nèi)容不能neglect(無(wú)視)祝英臺(tái)的心愿梁兄是我classmate(同班同學(xué))平日與我intimate(親密的)對(duì)我十分considerate(體貼的)夢(mèng)想成為他的mate(配偶)可在離別的date(日子)他卻把我irritate(激怒)未成心愿ultimate(最終的)只能說(shuō)成：“That'sfate(命運(yùn))！”2013高考研討會(huì)Example2:規(guī)律詞幽默串燒，自編自用friendshipF:R:E:N:D:S:H:I:P:faithfulfrankfriendlyfairrealreliableresponsiblerespectfuleasy-goingeverlastingencouragingequalnicenobledevoteddetermineddynamicsinceresecureselflesssmarthelpfulhonesthopefulindependentinspiringpolitepatientpleasant2013高考研討會(huì)Example1一詞輻射Whattotakewhentraveling?backpacksuitcasecredit

cardIDcards/passportsacellphonesome

foodmedicinecameraanatlascompassumbrellamobile

phonematch2013高考研討會(huì)Example2:中心主題的“順藤摸瓜”

1.amaze/amuze2.bound/round3.brave/grave4.bunch/brunch5.block/black6.peach/beach7.blood/flood8.insect/insert9.adopt/adpat10.gain/pain11.award/aware12.tough/rough13.concept/concert14.content/context15.certain/curtain16.dawn/down17.tour/pour18.patent/patient

2013高考研討會(huì)Example1:利用相似“長(zhǎng)相”

◆實(shí)踐課例五：加大語(yǔ)言輸入，利用多手段穩(wěn)固和擴(kuò)大詞匯2013高考研討會(huì)Example〔TED〕實(shí)踐課例六：配設(shè)情景圖片、創(chuàng)設(shè)和利用真實(shí)語(yǔ)境，促進(jìn)詞匯的活用和理解注意：1.活動(dòng)要圍繞教學(xué)內(nèi)容教學(xué)目標(biāo)，復(fù)習(xí)穩(wěn)固所學(xué)詞匯。2.以學(xué)生的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和興趣為出發(fā)點(diǎn)，并與學(xué)生現(xiàn)實(shí)生活聯(lián)系起來(lái)。2013高考研討會(huì)

Add的一些短語(yǔ)：

LastweekmysontoldmethathewantedtobuyaChinese-Englishdictionary.WhenIaskedhimhowmuchhehadhimself,hetookoutallhispocketmoneyandstartedto_________,butit_____________nomorethan62yuan,whichwasnotenoughtoaChinese-Englishdictionarywhichwouldcost108yuan.Hethenaskedmefortherest.Igavehim50yuan.62________50is112.Afterbuyingthedictionary,hestillhad4yuanleft.SoI______hecouldkeeptheremainingmoney.Hewashappytobuythedictionary.___________,itreally__________toourhappiness.additupaddeduptoaddedtoaddedInadditionaddedto2013高考研討會(huì)實(shí)踐課例六：A.創(chuàng)真實(shí)語(yǔ)境，促詞匯活用和理解Example12013高考研討會(huì)實(shí)踐課例六：B.配設(shè)情景圖片促進(jìn)詞匯的活用和理解Example2配設(shè)情景圖片促詞匯高三備課組

實(shí)踐課例七：在任務(wù)型教學(xué)中促進(jìn)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)詞匯以任務(wù)型語(yǔ)言教學(xué)為依托，把閱讀中的詞匯附帶習(xí)得與聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫、譯等各種任務(wù)結(jié)合起來(lái)，訓(xùn)練學(xué)生運(yùn)用語(yǔ)篇中的核心詞匯或結(jié)構(gòu)去完成任務(wù)。

2013高考研討會(huì)Example1(王鐵犁老師微課)高考英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)給學(xué)生心理支持：A.設(shè)置任務(wù)要做“加法”，不做“減法”；B.學(xué)生記憶有時(shí)會(huì)因情緒、身體、甚至天氣等因素的影響，出現(xiàn)記憶效果不佳或減退，應(yīng)及時(shí)安撫、鼓勵(lì)；不要計(jì)較一時(shí)一事。C.檢測(cè)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)效果，應(yīng)將學(xué)生分層次對(duì)待。做到只要有復(fù)習(xí)，就能有收獲；只要有進(jìn)步，就能得鼓勵(lì)。2013高考研討會(huì)心理支持Unfamiliarwordsarejustlikesetbacksinourlife.Youcanchoosetoignoreitorturntoothersforhelp,butmostoftimeyouWillhavetoovercomeitonyourown.Nomatterwhatdifficultyyoucomeacrossinyourlife,rememberthataslongasyoudon’tloseheart,youaresuretofindawayout.2013高考研討會(huì)TeachingwithoutshowingLearningwithoutknowing2013高考研討會(huì)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)感悟：

Thankyouforyourattention!懇請(qǐng)批評(píng)指正！2013高考研討會(huì)2013高考研討會(huì)

(2013年烏魯木齊市高考英語(yǔ)二模完形填空)

The

pilot

wanted

to

descend(下降),

but

he

had

flown

so

42that

there

was

not

enough

time

to

land.

So

he

decided

to

43

maybe

the

rat

couldn’t

survive

at

a

higher

altitude.

42.

A.

up

B.

far

C.

ahead

D.

away43.

A.

turn

back

B.

keep

forward

C.

ascend

D.

quit開(kāi)掘同根詞，掌握構(gòu)詞法常識(shí)高考英語(yǔ)詞匯復(fù)習(xí)Hold住高分策略一

A.動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞的特殊變化形式

light(lit,lit或-ed,-ed)v,n&a

hang(hung,hung或–ed，-ed)v wind(wound,wound或-ed,-ed)

2013高考研討會(huì)occurred;referred;preferred;banned;picnic---picnicked/picnicking)；deal---dealt---dealtbeat---beat---beaten注意:offer---offeredB.詞形變化不同，用法或意義不同的。如：分類強(qiáng)化，關(guān)注特殊，重點(diǎn)突破高考英語(yǔ)詞匯復(fù)習(xí)Hold住高分策略二

mouse–mice;leaf(plleaves)；foot(plfeet)n；

sheep(plsheep)

；tooth(plteeth)；……advice;information;equipment;damage;progress;baggage;luggage;clothing;evidence;news；furniture;garbage……fish;deer;sheep;head〔牲畜的：頭〔數(shù)〕;means……2013高考研討會(huì)分類強(qiáng)化，關(guān)注特殊，重點(diǎn)突破C.特殊的名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化D.絕對(duì)不可數(shù)的名詞E.單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞高考英語(yǔ)詞匯復(fù)習(xí)Hold住高分策略二alone: intheUnitedStatesalone.while:Whilethechangesinthetailwaggingwerenoteasilynoticedwithouttheaidofvideo,itwasthoughtthefindingscouldhelppeoplejudgethemoodofdog.mean:Hewasn’tbeingmean.

A.關(guān)注熟詞生義、適度拓展。

B.關(guān)注18對(duì)“熟詞新性”的詞2013高考研討會(huì)熟詞生義應(yīng)對(duì)措施:1)根據(jù)上下文關(guān)系猜詞2)根據(jù)詞性轉(zhuǎn)化3)根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法4)平時(shí)注意積累”常見(jiàn)詞不常見(jiàn)義”

高考英語(yǔ)詞匯復(fù)習(xí)Hold住高分策略三2013高考研討會(huì)1.根據(jù)上下文關(guān)系猜詞Unlikehisbrother,whoistrulyahandsomeman,Johnisquitehomely．“homely”means“

”.A.ComfortableB.familiarC.easyD.Ugly2.根據(jù)詞性轉(zhuǎn)化

Manypeoplecrowdedthehouse.Toourrelief,thegovernmenthousedthevictimsrightaftertheearthquake.A.關(guān)注熟詞生義、適度拓展。高考英語(yǔ)詞匯復(fù)習(xí)Hold住高分策略三

3.根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法2013高考研討會(huì)Butchildexpertsarenowlearningaboutthattoomuchpraisecanleadtotheoppositeeffect.Praise-aholickidswhoexpectitateveryturnmaybecometeenswhoseekthesamekindofapprovalfromtheirfriends.TiredofbeingpraisedB.WorthyofbeingpraisedC.VeryproudofbeingpraisedD.Extremelyfondofbeingpraised高考英語(yǔ)詞匯復(fù)習(xí)Hold住高分策略三A.關(guān)注熟詞生義、適度拓展。4.平時(shí)注意積累常見(jiàn)詞不常見(jiàn)義(Book1Unit5NelsonMandela〕(Book8unit4Pygmalion)(Book7Unit4Sharing)Thelast30yearshave

seen

thegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress.Iknowyou’redyingtohearallaboutmylifehere,soI’veincludedsomephotoswhichwillhelpyoupicturetheplacesItalkabout.Youcanplace

amanbyjustafewremarks