高中英語詞匯教學(xué)的一些感悟

高中英語詞匯教學(xué)的思考與實(shí)踐

Whytoteach(Theimportance):▲▲語言學(xué)家Wilkings:

“Withoutgrammar,verylittlecanbeconveyed.

Withoutvocabulary,nothing

canbeconveyed.”

思考篇

2013高考研討會Vocabularysizeofnativespeakers：Age:5.5-10yrs:6000Age:13-17yrs:12000-18000SpeakingvocabularyWritingvocabulary.

passivevocabularyReadingvocabularyGuessingvocabularyactivevocabulary2013高考研討會思考篇Whytoteach(Theimportance):

2013高考研討會思考篇Whytoteach(Theimportance):1.七級要求學(xué)會使用2400-2500個(gè)單詞和300-400個(gè)習(xí)慣用語或固定搭配；(高中畢業(yè)根本要求)2.八級要求學(xué)會使用3300-3500個(gè)左右的單詞和400-500個(gè)習(xí)慣用語或固定搭配；3.九級要求學(xué)會使用4500個(gè)左右的單詞和一定數(shù)量的習(xí)慣用語或固定搭配?！队⒄Z課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》要求:

2013年普高英語科考試說明(以下簡稱考試說明)那么明確要求考生：要能根據(jù)特定的語境準(zhǔn)確使用英語語法，選用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~匯?？荚囌f明還列出需熟練掌握2600多的7級詞匯，610個(gè)8級閱讀詞匯。2013高考研討會思考篇Whytoteach(Theimportance):考試說明是這樣描述的：英語單詞的含義并非完全等同于詞典中所標(biāo)注的漢語意思，其含義隨不同的語境會有所不同。能根據(jù)上下文正確理解靈活變化的詞義，才算是真正初步具備了一定的閱讀理解能力。2013高考研討會思考篇Whytoteach(Theimportance):Tounderstandthewordwhenit’sspokenorwrittenTorecallitwhenyouneeditTouseitwiththecorrectmeaningTopronounceitcorrectlyToknowwhichotherwordsyoucan(orcan’t)usewithitTouseitintherightsituationToknowifithaspositiveornegativeconnotationsToknowwhenandwhennottouseit2013高考研討會思考篇Whattoteach:

WORD

The

UsageThespellingThePartofSpeechTheDefinitionTheConnotationsThe

AssociationThe

PronunciationThe

Grammar

BehaviorThe

derivationThe

Collocation

2013高考研討會思考篇Whattoteach:〔1〕通過周密地控制或安排閱讀材料中的詞匯，使學(xué)生接觸

目標(biāo)詞匯；〔2〕在生詞自然出現(xiàn)時(shí)介紹詞匯的意思；〔3〕把詞匯教學(xué)與其他教學(xué)活動結(jié)合

起來；〔4〕單獨(dú)的詞匯教學(xué)活動。我們可以把這些方法作為高中英語詞匯教學(xué)的“宏觀策

略”來指導(dǎo)我們的實(shí)踐。2013高考研討會實(shí)踐篇Howshouldvocabularybetaught?:策略一：開掘同根詞，掌握構(gòu)詞法常識。策略二：分類強(qiáng)化，關(guān)注特殊，重點(diǎn)突破。策略三：重視熟詞生義/新性適度拓展策略四：重視具體語境下的詞匯應(yīng)用訓(xùn)練。策略五：堅(jiān)持不懈，持之以恒：每日5-10分鐘；閱讀中積累、增加詞匯量；策略六：詞匯擴(kuò)展本：對于復(fù)習(xí)階段在閱讀等中遇到的生詞，要及時(shí)摘抄到詞匯擴(kuò)展本上，并不時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)、穩(wěn)固。Hold住高分策略2013高考研討會實(shí)踐篇Howshouldvocabularybetaught?:進(jìn)行詞匯教學(xué)的實(shí)踐:1.實(shí)踐課例一：用上下文學(xué)習(xí)和掌握詞義2.實(shí)踐課例二：幽默聯(lián)想找單詞間規(guī)律，自編自用3.實(shí)踐課例三：用頭腦風(fēng)暴和思維導(dǎo)圖建詞匯庫4.實(shí)踐課例四：外形聯(lián)想法記憶5.實(shí)踐課例五：用多手段加大語言輸入，穩(wěn)固和擴(kuò)大詞匯2013高考研討會6.實(shí)踐課例六：配情景圖片、用真實(shí)語境，促詞匯活用7.實(shí)踐課例七：在任務(wù)型教學(xué)中促學(xué)詞匯Myparentsarepresentingthepeoplepresent

withpresentsatpresent.Theboylayingthetablelied

thatthehenlying

therehadjustlaid

twobigeggs.Thesleepingchildissoundasleepnow,sobythetimeheisawake,hewon’tfeelsleepy.2013高考研討會Example1:一詞多義

說〔say,speak,tell,talk〕explainrepeatshoutwhisperaddreport

reply(answer)continueannouncedeclaresuggestadvisemurmurdemandagreerefusecomplainimplyadmit解釋說重復(fù)說大聲說低聲說補(bǔ)充說報(bào)告說暗示說答復(fù)說成認(rèn)說埋怨說繼續(xù)說拒絕說要求說宣布說同意說咕噥說宣布說建議說2013高考研討會Example2:“說”的表達(dá)方式

(一義多詞)

Example3:詞匯教學(xué)語境化Todayismybirthday.WhenIcamehomewithalightheart〔adj.輕松的〕,myparentswerebusypreparingdinner.Thelightintheroomwaspoor〔n.光線〕,soIturnedonthelights〔n.燈〕.Nowourroomwasbrightwithallthelightson.〔n.燈〕Soondinnerwasready.Myfatherturnedoffthelights〔n.燈〕andlighted〔v.點(diǎn)燃〕thecandlesonthecakewhichlitup〔v.照亮，使明亮〕theroom.Lightmusic〔輕音樂〕wasplayed.Iprayedformydream.WhenIopenedmyeyes,thelights〔n.燈〕wereonagain.Inmymother’shandlayapresentwhichwasalight〔adj.輕的〕silkscarfwithalight(adj.淺色的，淡色的)blueflowerinthemiddle.Howbeautifulitwas!HowhappyIwas!2013高考研討會

1.

Negroesandheroes

liketoeat

potatoes

and

tomatoesfromthevolcanoes.2.A

modern

modestmodel

wona

metalmedal

.3.Thereisa

mutton

anda

button

atthe

bottom

ofthe

bottle.4.Doesyour

loverlove

yourglove?5.Believeitornot,the

sweatinmysweateris

sweet,

soI’dliketo

eat

it.2013高考研討會Example1:幽默地利用聯(lián)想，

找單詞之間規(guī)律，自編自用冬日找工作空氣中透著chill(寒意)吞下了兩顆pill(藥丸)出門走去woolenmill(毛紡廠)一定把夢想fulfill(實(shí)現(xiàn))心里沖動身體thrill(發(fā)抖)牛奶不慎被spill(灑落)唉!天不從人will(意愿)還是賣肉回家grill(燒烤)先把肚子fulfill(填滿)犒勞自己鼓起極大的nerve(勇氣)

把豪華酒店reserve(預(yù)定)享受專人來serve(伺候)

這一切我都deserve(值得)2013高考研討會Example2:規(guī)律詞幽默串燒，自編自用瀟灑活一把生活別把人rely(依靠)

自己的信念comply(遵守)喜歡的職位apply(申請)

自由自在butterfly(蝴蝶)2013高考研討會Example2:規(guī)律詞幽默串燒，自編自用村長選舉村里正在elect(選舉)要把村長select(挑選)民意正在collect(搜集)講的雖是dialect(方言)內(nèi)容不能neglect(無視)祝英臺的心愿梁兄是我classmate(同班同學(xué))平日與我intimate(親密的)對我十分considerate(體貼的)夢想成為他的mate(配偶)可在離別的date(日子)他卻把我irritate(激怒)未成心愿ultimate(最終的)只能說成：“That'sfate(命運(yùn))！”2013高考研討會Example2:規(guī)律詞幽默串燒，自編自用friendshipF:R:E:N:D:S:H:I:P:faithfulfrankfriendlyfairrealreliableresponsiblerespectfuleasy-goingeverlastingencouragingequalnicenobledevoteddetermineddynamicsinceresecureselflesssmarthelpfulhonesthopefulindependentinspiringpolitepatientpleasant2013高考研討會Example1一詞輻射Whattotakewhentraveling?backpacksuitcasecredit

cardIDcards/passportsacellphonesome

foodmedicinecameraanatlascompassumbrellamobile

phonematch2013高考研討會Example2:中心主題的“順藤摸瓜”

1.amaze/amuze2.bound/round3.brave/grave4.bunch/brunch5.block/black6.peach/beach7.blood/flood8.insect/insert9.adopt/adpat10.gain/pain11.award/aware12.tough/rough13.concept/concert14.content/context15.certain/curtain16.dawn/down17.tour/pour18.patent/patient

2013高考研討會Example1:利用相似“長相”

◆實(shí)踐課例五：加大語言輸入，利用多手段穩(wěn)固和擴(kuò)大詞匯2013高考研討會Example〔TED〕實(shí)踐課例六：配設(shè)情景圖片、創(chuàng)設(shè)和利用真實(shí)語境，促進(jìn)詞匯的活用和理解注意：1.活動要圍繞教學(xué)內(nèi)容教學(xué)目標(biāo)，復(fù)習(xí)穩(wěn)固所學(xué)詞匯。2.以學(xué)生的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和興趣為出發(fā)點(diǎn)，并與學(xué)生現(xiàn)實(shí)生活聯(lián)系起來。2013高考研討會

Add的一些短語：

LastweekmysontoldmethathewantedtobuyaChinese-Englishdictionary.WhenIaskedhimhowmuchhehadhimself,hetookoutallhispocketmoneyandstartedto_________,butit_____________nomorethan62yuan,whichwasnotenoughtoaChinese-Englishdictionarywhichwouldcost108yuan.Hethenaskedmefortherest.Igavehim50yuan.62________50is112.Afterbuyingthedictionary,hestillhad4yuanleft.SoI______hecouldkeeptheremainingmoney.Hewashappytobuythedictionary.___________,itreally__________toourhappiness.additupaddeduptoaddedtoaddedInadditionaddedto2013高考研討會實(shí)踐課例六：A.創(chuàng)真實(shí)語境，促詞匯活用和理解Example12013高考研討會實(shí)踐課例六：B.配設(shè)情景圖片促進(jìn)詞匯的活用和理解Example2配設(shè)情景圖片促詞匯高三備課組

實(shí)踐課例七：在任務(wù)型教學(xué)中促進(jìn)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)詞匯以任務(wù)型語言教學(xué)為依托，把閱讀中的詞匯附帶習(xí)得與聽、說、讀、寫、譯等各種任務(wù)結(jié)合起來，訓(xùn)練學(xué)生運(yùn)用語篇中的核心詞匯或結(jié)構(gòu)去完成任務(wù)。

2013高考研討會Example1(王鐵犁老師微課)高考英語動詞短語復(fù)習(xí)給學(xué)生心理支持：A.設(shè)置任務(wù)要做“加法”，不做“減法”；B.學(xué)生記憶有時(shí)會因情緒、身體、甚至天氣等因素的影響，出現(xiàn)記憶效果不佳或減退，應(yīng)及時(shí)安撫、鼓勵(lì)；不要計(jì)較一時(shí)一事。C.檢測學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)效果，應(yīng)將學(xué)生分層次對待。做到只要有復(fù)習(xí)，就能有收獲；只要有進(jìn)步，就能得鼓勵(lì)。2013高考研討會心理支持Unfamiliarwordsarejustlikesetbacksinourlife.Youcanchoosetoignoreitorturntoothersforhelp,butmostoftimeyouWillhavetoovercomeitonyourown.Nomatterwhatdifficultyyoucomeacrossinyourlife,rememberthataslongasyoudon’tloseheart,youaresuretofindawayout.2013高考研討會TeachingwithoutshowingLearningwithoutknowing2013高考研討會英語教學(xué)感悟：

Thankyouforyourattention!懇請批評指正！2013高考研討會2013高考研討會

(2013年烏魯木齊市高考英語二模完形填空)

The

pilot

wanted

to

descend(下降),

but

he

had

flown

so

42that

there

was

not

enough

time

to

land.

So

he

decided

to

43

maybe

the

rat

couldn’t

survive

at

a

higher

altitude.

42.

A.

up

B.

far

C.

ahead

D.

away43.

A.

turn

back

B.

keep

forward

C.

ascend

D.

quit開掘同根詞，掌握構(gòu)詞法常識高考英語詞匯復(fù)習(xí)Hold住高分策略一

A.動詞過去式、過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞的特殊變化形式

light(lit,lit或-ed,-ed)v,n&a

hang(hung,hung或–ed，-ed)v wind(wound,wound或-ed,-ed)

2013高考研討會occurred;referred;preferred;banned;picnic---picnicked/picnicking)；deal---dealt---dealtbeat---beat---beaten注意:offer---offeredB.詞形變化不同，用法或意義不同的。如：分類強(qiáng)化，關(guān)注特殊，重點(diǎn)突破高考英語詞匯復(fù)習(xí)Hold住高分策略二

mouse–mice;leaf(plleaves)；foot(plfeet)n；

sheep(plsheep)

；tooth(plteeth)；……advice;information;equipment;damage;progress;baggage;luggage;clothing;evidence;news；furniture;garbage……fish;deer;sheep;head〔牲畜的：頭〔數(shù)〕;means……2013高考研討會分類強(qiáng)化，關(guān)注特殊，重點(diǎn)突破C.特殊的名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化D.絕對不可數(shù)的名詞E.單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞高考英語詞匯復(fù)習(xí)Hold住高分策略二alone: intheUnitedStatesalone.while:Whilethechangesinthetailwaggingwerenoteasilynoticedwithouttheaidofvideo,itwasthoughtthefindingscouldhelppeoplejudgethemoodofdog.mean:Hewasn’tbeingmean.

A.關(guān)注熟詞生義、適度拓展。

B.關(guān)注18對“熟詞新性”的詞2013高考研討會熟詞生義應(yīng)對措施:1)根據(jù)上下文關(guān)系猜詞2)根據(jù)詞性轉(zhuǎn)化3)根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法4)平時(shí)注意積累”常見詞不常見義”

高考英語詞匯復(fù)習(xí)Hold住高分策略三2013高考研討會1.根據(jù)上下文關(guān)系猜詞Unlikehisbrother,whoistrulyahandsomeman,Johnisquitehomely．“homely”means“

”.A.ComfortableB.familiarC.easyD.Ugly2.根據(jù)詞性轉(zhuǎn)化

Manypeoplecrowdedthehouse.Toourrelief,thegovernmenthousedthevictimsrightaftertheearthquake.A.關(guān)注熟詞生義、適度拓展。高考英語詞匯復(fù)習(xí)Hold住高分策略三

3.根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法2013高考研討會Butchildexpertsarenowlearningaboutthattoomuchpraisecanleadtotheoppositeeffect.Praise-aholickidswhoexpectitateveryturnmaybecometeenswhoseekthesamekindofapprovalfromtheirfriends.TiredofbeingpraisedB.WorthyofbeingpraisedC.VeryproudofbeingpraisedD.Extremelyfondofbeingpraised高考英語詞匯復(fù)習(xí)Hold住高分策略三A.關(guān)注熟詞生義、適度拓展。4.平時(shí)注意積累常見詞不常見義(Book1Unit5NelsonMandela〕(Book8unit4Pygmalion)(Book7Unit4Sharing)Thelast30yearshave

seen

thegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress.Iknowyou’redyingtohearallaboutmylifehere,soI’veincludedsomephotoswhichwillhelpyoupicturetheplacesItalkabout.Youcanplace

amanbyjustafewremarks