新教材高中北師大版英語選擇性必修1學案Unit1PartⅡLesson1Teachers

PartⅡLesson1Teachers【學習目標】話題語境人與社會課時詞匯practical,rocket,pour,lack,presentation,behaviour,drag,access,worthwhile,educationalist常用短語addupto,forthefirsttime,pourinto,setoff,lackconfidencein,giveapresentationto,acoupleof,usedto,catchsb.doingsth.,setup,makesure,haveaccessto,breakinto,breakdown,runoutof重點句式(1)Thereisnoreasontodo...沒有理由做……(2)名詞性從句作賓語、表語(3)Ifonly引導虛擬語氣從句(4)thefirsttime/day引導時間狀語從句單詞巧練寫準記牢Ⅰ.核心單詞練習：請根據(jù)所給的詞性和詞義寫出單詞1．________________n.教育(學)家2．________________adj.值得做的；重要的；有益的3．________________n.進入；接觸的機會4．________________vt.拖，拉5．________________n.行為，舉止6．________________n.報告；陳述，說明7．________________vt.缺乏8．________________vt.灌，注，倒9．________________n.火箭10．________________adj.實際的；實踐的；切實可行的Ⅱ.常用單詞練習：根據(jù)句意和所給的首字母或中文提示寫出符合句中單詞的正確形式1．British________(教育家)aredividedabouthowbesttoteachreading.2．Weallfeltwehaddonesomething________(有益的)forthelocalmunity.3．Disabledvisitorsarewele;thereisgoodwheelchair________(進入，通道)tomostfacilities.4．We________(拖)thefallentreeclearoftheroad.5．Their________(行為)towardsmeshowsthattheydonotlikeme.6．IalwaysaskhowmuchtimeIhavetomakemyp________.7．Whatwel________inthishouseisspacetostorethings.8．AlthoughIp________itcarefully,Istillmanagedtospillsome.9．Chinasuccessfullylaunchedniner________atonetime.10．Therearesomeobviousp________applicationsoftheresearch.?第一版塊：重點單詞1.pourvt.倒；注；灌vi.(雨)傾盆而下；(水等)不斷流出；(煙等)冒出；不斷涌向/涌現(xiàn)(教材P8)Irememberthatheletmepoursomefuelintotherocket,andthenanotherstudentlitamatchtosetitoff.我記得他讓我把一些燃料倒進了火箭里，然后(讓)另一名學生點燃了一根火柴來發(fā)射火箭。pourinto/outof涌入/涌出pourout毫無保留地表達感情(或思想等)；(感情或話語)奔涌，迸發(fā)pouroilontheflames使情況變得更糟；火上加油pouroilontroubledwater(s)調(diào)解爭端，平息風波等poursth.out盡情表達出來?Pleasepourmeanothercupoftea.請再給我倒一杯茶。?AfterthatIpouredoilintoapanandturnedonthestove.然后我把油倒進了平底鍋里，打開了爐子。?Peoplepouredintothesquarefromallpartsofthecity.人們從全市各處涌向廣場。?Shepouredouthertroublestomeoveracupofcoffee.她一面喝著咖啡，一面向我傾吐著她的煩惱。?Itneverrainsbutitpours.不雨則已，雨則傾盆(禍不單行)。?TearsofhappinesspoureddownSusan'scheeks.幸福的淚水順著蘇珊的臉頰不斷流了下來。light短語eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(bringsth.tolight使顯露出來,etolight顯露/暴露))inthelightof...根據(jù)，按照，考慮到……withalightheart心情愉快地lighton/upon注意到，看見，發(fā)現(xiàn)lightonone'sfeet/legs脫險lightout(for...)匆匆離開(奔向……)lightintosb.攻擊/謾罵某人易混點撥：light作動詞時，其過去分詞有l(wèi)it和lighted兩種形式，但在用法上有區(qū)別。一般說來，過去分詞作定語時用lighted，其他情況下用lit。如：Hehaslitamatch.他點燃了一根火柴。Thematchislit.火柴點燃了。Hewasholdingalightedmatch.他手里拿著一根點燃的火柴。[即學即練]完成句子/翻譯句子①每年都有大量的游客涌入這座城市，這確實給當?shù)厝藥砹瞬槐?。Everyyearalargenumberofvisitors________________thiscity,whichindeedcausesinconveniencetothelocalpeople.②這位老人被深深震撼，盡管高傲，他也不得不吐露出自己的感情。Theoldmanhadbeendeeplyshakenandwasforcedto________________hisfeelingsinspiteofpride.③Somechemicalfactoriespourwastewaterintoriversforconvenience,resultinginseriouswaterpollution.________________________________________________________________________④Ilostmywayindarknessand,tomakethingsworse,itbegantopour.________________________________________________________________________2.lackvt.缺乏；沒有n．[U]缺乏；匱乏(教材P8)TheproblemwasthatIlackedconfidenceinmyself.我的問題是對自己缺乏信心。alackof...缺乏……forlackof...由于缺乏……nolackof...不乏……lackingadj.缺乏的belackingin...缺乏……?Alackoffoodmadepeoplesuffer.缺乏食物使人們痛苦不堪。?Hewasfiredbythebossforlackofskills.他因為技能不足被老板解雇了。?Thepaintingislackinginoriginality.這幅畫缺乏創(chuàng)意。特別提醒：lack作動詞時為及物動詞，其后直接接賓語。Jackisanintelligentpupil,buthelacksmotivation(＝islackinginmotivation)．杰克是一個很聰明的學生，但缺乏積極性。[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Though________(lack)experience,hewaswillingtoworkhard.②Forlack________money,theprojecthadtobestopped.③Anumberofareashavebeenseriouslyhitbythetyphoon.Nowpeopleintheaffectedareasarelacking________foodandfreshwater.他缺乏自信。④He________confidence.⑤He________________________confidence.3.presentationn．報告；陳述，說明(教材P8)Iwasinterestedinthestudyofthestarsandplanetsandheaskedmetogiveapresentationtotheclass.我對恒星和行星的研究很感興趣，他便讓我給全班同學做了一個展示。(1)giveapresentationofsth.(tosb.)對某事(向某人)進行介紹apresentationceremony頒獎儀式payableonpresentation提交付款cashonpresentationofdocuments交單付現(xiàn)(2)presentsth.tosb.把某物送給某人presentsb.withsth.授予某人某物presentsb.tosb.else向某人介紹某人(3)givesb.apresent經(jīng)某人一件禮物(4)atpresent現(xiàn)在；目前forthepresent眼前，暫時liveinthepresent活在當下bepresentat...出席……beabsentfrom...缺席presentoneself出席；到場?Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated.每次都讓你的演講比預期的稍微短一點。?TheGrammyAwardsarepresentedeveryyearinthemusicindustry.音樂界每年都頒發(fā)格萊美獎。?Attheendoftheprogramme,thestudentspresentedpapersontheirresearch.項目結(jié)束時，學生們提交了他們的研究論文。?Themusictodaycan'tbepresentedthewayitwasin1908or1958.今天的音樂不能以1908年或1958年那樣的方式呈現(xiàn)。?Hepresentedamedaltothewinner.＝Hepresentedthewinnerwithamedal.他向獲勝者頒發(fā)獎牌。?I'vegotenoughmoneyforthepresent.我的錢暫時夠用。?Wewillhaveareportonthepresentstate.我們將會針對目前的情況進行一次報道。?Allthepeoplepresentatthemeetingwerehissupporters.所有出席會議的人都是他的支持者。名師點津：presentvt.陳述；提出；贈予；頒予；提交；呈現(xiàn)；出示n.[C]禮物；禮品adj.現(xiàn)在的，目前的(僅用于名詞前)；出席的，到場的(不用于名詞前，作后置定語或表語)易混提醒：(1)present作動詞用時，其重音在第二個音節(jié)；用作名詞和形容詞時，重音在第一個音節(jié)。(2)動詞present有自己的名詞形式presentation，意為報告、陳述、說明，在意思上與動詞present有些不同。[即學即練]單句語法填空/翻譯句子①Guestspeakerswillalsopresentprizes________thestudents.②David'smanagerpresentedhim________theawardforbestsalesintheregion.③Tomisbusy________present.Canheringyoulater?④Thesalesmanagerwillgivea________(present)onthenewproducts.⑤Idon'tthinkweshouldexpandourbusinessinthepresenteconomicclimate.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________⑥Theworkerspresentimmediatelyrequestedthathereconsiderhisdecision.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.behaviourn．行為；舉止behavevi.表現(xiàn)；舉止規(guī)矩有禮(教材P9)Ihadheardstoriesabouthisbadbehaviour.我聽說過一些關(guān)于他的不良行為的故事。behavewell表現(xiàn)得好behavebadly表現(xiàn)得差behaveoneself舉止規(guī)矩有禮well-behavedadj.有禮貌的；行為端正的badly-behavedadj.沒有禮貌的；舉止表現(xiàn)不好的?Hisbehaviourwas,inaword,shocking.總之，他的行為是令人震驚的。?MrBlakewasagentleman.Heknewhowtobehave.布萊克先生是位紳士。他知道如何舉止得體。?Mycarhasbeenbehavingwellsinceitwasrepaired.我的汽車自修理后一直運行良好。?Thekidsatthisschoolaredisciplined,hard-workingandwell-behaved.這所學校的孩子們遵守紀律、學習勤奮、彬彬有禮。知識拓展：goodbehaviour良好的表現(xiàn)loyalbehaviourtowardssb.對待某人的忠實態(tài)度beonone'sbestbehaviour努力表現(xiàn)自己behavewithgreatcourage表現(xiàn)得非常勇敢learnhowtobehave學著規(guī)矩點[即學即練]單句語法填空/單句寫作①Hehasbeenbehaving________(strange)recently.②Howisyournewcar________(behave)?③Smokinginpublicisbad________(behave)．④這些表現(xiàn)不好的孩子們真的很令我頭疼。________________________________________________________________________5.accessn．(使用或見到的)機會，權(quán)利；通道；入口vt.接近，進入；獲取，訪問(計算機文件)(教材P9)Thethingaboutbeingateacheristhatyouhaveaccesstochildren'smindswhentheyareopenandeagertolearn.做教師意味著，你有機會在孩子們敞開心扉、渴望學習的時候，走進他們的心靈。(1)accessawebsitethroughthislink通過這連接訪問某個網(wǎng)站accessthebuildingthroughthedoor通過此門進入這座大樓(2)haveaccessto有機會/權(quán)力進入/使用/見到……gain/getaccessto進入(某地)；見到(某人或某物)theonlyaccesstothefarmhouse進入農(nóng)舍的唯一通道provide/giveaccesstosb./sth.接見某人；向……開放；給予……權(quán)利(3)accessibleadj.易接近的；容易理解的；易相處的beaccessibletosb.某人可接觸……?Thefacilitieshavebeenadaptedtogiveaccesstowheelchairusers.這些設(shè)施已經(jīng)被改造過以方便輪椅使用者使用。?TheynowhaveaccesstothemassmarketsofJapan.他們現(xiàn)在有機會進入日本的大眾市場。?Youneedapasswordtogetaccesstotheputersystem.使用這個計算機系統(tǒng)需要密碼。?You'veillegallyaccessedandmisusedconfidentialsecurityfiles.你已經(jīng)非法獲取并盜用了機密的安全文件。?Somebankschargeifyouaccessyouraccounttodetermineyourbalance.有些銀行會在你查詢賬戶余額時收費。?Thecertificatesofthetechnicalschoolsgive(us)accesstotheentranceexaminationattherelevantfacultiesandcolleges.技術(shù)學校的文憑提供了參加相關(guān)院系和大學入學考試的權(quán)利。?Thesedocumentsarenotaccessibletothepublic.公眾無法看到這些文件。聯(lián)想拓展：accessibleadj.易接近的；容易理解；易相處的beaccessibletosb.某人可接觸……Thesedocumentsarenotaccessibletothepublic.公眾無法看到這些文件。知識歸納：后跟介詞to的名詞theanswerto...thekeyto...thewayto...theattitudeto...theobjectionto...theabilityto...theaccessto...theapproachto...theguideto...thereferenceto...[即學即練]單句語法填空/翻譯句子①Therearesomeliterarybooksthatare________(access)toageneralaudience.②Theonlyaccess________thefarmhouseisacrossthefields.③Studentsmusthaveaccesstogoodresources.________________________________________________________________________④Theloftcanbeaccessiblebyaladder.________________________________________________________________________6.worthwhileadj.值得做的；重要的；有益的(教材P9)IfwhatIdoasateachercanhelpturnachildlikeGrahamintosuchasuccessfuladult,thenIknowwhatI'mdoingisworthwhile.作為老師如果可以幫助像格雷厄姆這樣的孩子成長為如此成功的人，那么我知道我所做的是值得的。(1)itisworthwhile(forsb.)todo...(對某人來說)做……是值得的itisworthwhiledoingsth.做……是值得的(2)sth.is(well)worthdoing某事值得一做sth.isworth100dollars某物有100美元的價值sth.is(well)worththemoney/theeffort/atry某事值得花錢/努力/一試beworthit值得一干；值得花時間/精力(3)sth.isworthyeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(of＋n.＝beworth＋n.值得……,ofbeingdone……值得被做,tobedone值得被做))?Itwasinaidofaworthwhilecause.這是為高尚的事業(yè)盡一份力。?Wanttoexplorenewcultures,meetnewpeopleanddosomethingworthwhileatthesametime？想探索新的文化，認識新的人，同時做一些有價值的事情嗎？(worthwhile作后置定語)?Ithoughtitwasworthwhiletoclarifythematter.我認為有必要澄清事實。?Itwasn'tworthwhilecontinuingwiththeproject.這個項目不值得再繼續(xù)了。?Themoneyweraisewillbegoingtoaveryworthycause.我們籌集的錢款將用于一項非常崇高的事業(yè)。?Anumberofthereport'sfindingsareworthyofnote.這份報告里有些調(diào)查結(jié)果值得注意。?Thissuggestionisworthyofconsideration.＝Thissuggestionisworthyofbeingconsidered.＝Thissuggestionisworthytobeconsidered.這個建議值得考慮。?Theteamneedsadriverofhisworth.這支隊伍需要一位他這樣技術(shù)水平的司機。?Thesebooksmightbeworth￡80ormoretoacollector.這些書對收藏家而言可能值八十英鎊或更多。⑩He'sdecidedtogetalookatthehouseandseeifitisworthbuying.他決定去瞧瞧那棟房子，看是否值得買。特別提醒：worthyadj.①有價值的；值得重視的；了不起的；②值得的；③配得上的；應(yīng)受……的作定語時，主要用于修飾人、事業(yè)或生活等抽象名詞；作表語時，后面常接動詞不定式的被動語態(tài)，或接介詞of，再加名詞或動名詞的被動語態(tài)。如：(1)aworthygentleman受人敬仰的紳士aworthyrival值得較量一番的對手(2)worthytobepraised值得表揚(3)awinnerworthyofbeingcalledachampion配稱冠軍稱號的勝利者acrimeworthyofdeath應(yīng)處死刑的罪行名師點撥：worth只能作表語，后接名詞或動詞的主動形式worthy可作表語，也可作定語后接todosth.或ofsth.worthyof后面接被動式的動名詞，而worth后接主動式的動名詞，雖然形式上是主動的，但意義仍然是被動的[即學即練]單句語法填空/用worth,worthy或worthwhile填空/一句多譯①Theyoungmanisworthy________(teach)．②Theprofessorisworthy________ourrespect.③Idon'tthinkthenecklacemadeofdiamondisworthyof________(buy)．④Itisworthwhile________(visit)themuseum.⑤Themuseumisworth________(visit)．⑥Thesecond-handcaris________nomorethan5,000yuan.⑦Soonyouwillfindhelpingothersis________.⑧Thebookis________ofbeingread.⑨Thebookiswell________reading.⑩Itis________toincludereallyhigh-qualityillustrations.這部電影值得一看。?Thefilmisworth________.?Thefilmisworthy________________.?Itisworthwhile________________thefilm.?Itisworthwhile________________thefilm.?第二版塊：重點短語1.addupto合計達；總計達(不用于被動語態(tài))(1)add...to...把……加到/加進……里addto增加；擴大addthat...補充說……addup合乎情理；把……加起來(2)inaddition(tosb./sth.)除……以外(還)；另外(3)additionaladj.額外的，附加的典型例句：(1)Hisingaddedtoourdifficulties.他的到來增加了我們的困境。(2)Don'taddinsulttoinjury.不要辱上加辱。(3)Theschoolhasbeenaddedtoseveraltimes.這所學校已擴建過幾次了。(4)Pleaseaddsomefirewoodtothefire.請給這火添點柴。(5)Canyouaddthesefiguresupandletusseetheresult？你能把這些數(shù)字加起來看看結(jié)果是多少嗎？[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Workingoutinthemorningprovides________(add)benefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.②Ourcaféoffersapletemenuoflunchandsnackoptions,________________(除……以外還)seasonalspecials.③PolicesaidtheyarrestedOliviabecauseherstatementsdidnot________________(合乎情理)．④________________(把……加起來)alltheexpensesandyou'llfindthatyoucannotaffordthetrip.⑤眾所周知，好朋友會給生活添加快樂，使生活更有意義。Asisknowntoall,goodfriends________________________life.2.setoff出發(fā)，動身；使爆炸/引爆；(事業(yè)等)騰飛setaboutsth./doingsth.[不用于被動語態(tài)]開始做；著手做setsth.aside將某事物放在一邊；(為某目的)省出或留出(錢或時間)setsth.down記下；寫下setout出發(fā)setto起勁地干起來setsth.up創(chuàng)建，開辦；安排，策劃A—A—A類不規(guī)則動詞put—put—put—puttingbet—bet—bet—bettingset—set—set—settinglet—let—let—lettinghit—hit—hit—hittinghurt—hurt—hurt—hurtingread—read—read—readingrid—rid—rid—riddingshut—shut—shut—shuttingsplit—split—split—splittingthrust—thrust—thrust—thrustingupset—upset—upset—upsetting[即學即練]單句語法填空①Hewasonlyfoundbecauseheset________somefireworkstoattractattentiontohimself.②Weneedtoset________ameetingtodiscusstheproposals.③Heissetting________hismemoriesofvillagelife.④Removethemushroomsandsetthem________.⑤Sheset________withtheaimofbeingtheyoungesteverwinnerofthechampionship.⑥Ithassetus________insomanyrespectsthatI'mnotsurehowlongitwilltakeforustocatchup.⑦Weset________preparingforthepartyoneweekago.3.usedto過去經(jīng)常，曾經(jīng)(后接動詞原形)(1)否定形式eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(usednot/usedn'tto＋動詞原形,didnot/didn'tuseto＋動詞原形))(2)疑問形式eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(used＋主語＋to＋動詞原形,did＋主語＋useto＋動詞原形))(3)Thereusedtobe...過去曾經(jīng)有……；過去曾存在……易混辨析：beusedtodosth.被用來做……get/beusedtodoingsth.習慣于做某事usedtodosth.過去常常做某事(現(xiàn)在不這樣了)例如：(1)Heusedtogetupat6：00inthemorningbutnowhehasgotusedtogettingupat5：00.他過去常常是早晨六點起床但現(xiàn)在他習慣早上五點起床了。(2)Theserecycledwastepapersandbookscanbeusedtomakenewpaper.這些回收來的廢試卷和書可以被用來制作新紙張。[即學即練]單句語法填空①Lifehereismucheasierthanitusedto________(be)．②Somee-wastewasrecycledandused________(produce)somethinguseful.③Ididn'tthinkIcouldevergetusedto________(live)inabigcityafterlivinginthecountry.?第三版塊：典型句式1.ifonly...但愿；要是……就好了(1)Ifonly...＝HowIwish...(2)ifonly...是一個獨立的句子，要用虛擬語氣，用來表達強烈的愿望或非真實條件。ifonly引導的句子的謂語如下：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(表示過去的情況，謂語動詞用haddone,表示現(xiàn)在的情況，謂語用didbe動詞用were,表示將來的情況，謂語動詞用could/would/mightdo不用should))易混比較：onlyif與ifonly(1)onlyif是以only限制if，意為onlyonconditionthat(只有在……條件下)，它引入一個“非此不可”的條件，表示“只有這個條件才行”，一般譯為“只有，除非”。onlyif位于句首時，主句部分一般應(yīng)倒裝。如：Onlyifateacherhasgivenpermissionisastudentallowedtoenterthisroom.只有得到老師準許，學生才可進入教室。(2)ifonly后接假設(shè)語氣的動詞，表示惋惜、愿望等情感色彩，用虛擬語氣。Ifonlyhewerealive！他要是活著多好呀！Ifonlyyouhade5minutesearlier！你要是早來五分鐘就好了。[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①—Ididn'tseeyouattheconcertlastweek.Whatapity!—IfonlyI____________(afford)thetime.②Ifonlyeveryonehere________(be)honest.③Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,we________________(find)thestation.④Ihadnoinformationaboutmyson.________________(要是我沒有說……該多好)thosetoughwordstohim.2．Iwish＋賓語從句(1)“wish＋賓語從句”意為“但愿……；希望……；……就好了”，往往表示與事實相反或不太可能實現(xiàn)的愿望。(2)wish后賓語從句中的謂語形式如下：主句主語＋wish＋從句主語＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(did/were表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的愿望,haddone/been表示與過去事實相反的愿望,would/coulddo/be表示與將來事實相反的愿望))易混提示：hope和wish都表示“希望”之意，但用法和搭配各異。(1)表示希望做某事用hopetodosth.或wishtodosth.(2)表示希望某人做某事，可說wishsb.todosth.或hopethatsb.willdosth.或wishthatsb.woulddosth.不可以說hopesb.todosth.[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Iwishhe________(go)withustothetheatrenextThursday.②Shewishedshe________(be)athomethen.③IwishI________(live)ontheseashore.④我要是記得她的地址就好了。Iwish________________________.⑤我要是去車站送她就好了，但我太忙了。HowIwish________________________，butIwastoobusy.⑥我真希望他馬上來。Iwish________________________atonce.3.“make＋賓語＋賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)(教材P8)ButMrJenkinsmadeeverythinginteresting.但詹金斯先生讓一切變得有趣起來?！癿ake＋賓語＋賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)在此結(jié)構(gòu)中可用作賓語補足語的有名詞、形容詞、不帶to的動詞不定式、過去分詞等。(1)makesb.dosth.使某人做某事(2)makesb./sth.＋形容詞使某人/某事處于某種狀態(tài)(3)makesb./sth.＋名詞使某人/某物成為……；讓某人/某物擔當某職務(wù)(4)makesb./sth.＋過去分詞使某人/某物被……(賓語和賓語補足語之間是邏輯上的被動關(guān)系)?AuntWangtriedtomakeusstayforsupper.王阿姨試圖留我們吃晚飯。?Thenewsmadehimveryhappy.這消息使他非常高興。?WemadehimchairmanofourEnglishSpeakingSociety.我們選他當我們英語會話社的主席。?Heraisedhisvoiceinordertomakehimselfunderstood.他提高嗓門，以便大家能聽懂他的話。特別提醒：在makesb.dosth.的被動結(jié)構(gòu)中，省略的不定式符號to要恢復，即sb.bemadetodosth.。Theyweremadetositandwaitfortwohours.他們被迫坐著等了兩個小時。Childrenshouldbemadetounderstandtheimportanceoftablemanners.應(yīng)該讓孩子們明白餐桌禮儀的重要性。[即學即練]完成句子/單句語法填空①她讓他做她的秘書。She________________________.②我的老師認為我優(yōu)秀，學習好，這使我更自信了。MyteacherthinksIamexcellentandIcandowellinmystudy,which______________________________________.③他的話讓我們都大笑起來。Whathesaid____________________________.④Thebossmadehisworkers________(work)frommorningtillnight.⑤CanImakemyself________(hear)insuchavoice?⑥Shemadeabalanceddiettomakethefamily________(health)．⑦Theboywasmade________(do)housework.4.介詞后的賓語從句(教材P8)OftenwhenI'mpreparingaprogramme,IthinkabouthowMrJenkinswouldhavedoneit.在準備項目時，我常會想如果是詹金斯先生，他會怎么做。賓語從句在復合句中作主句的賓語成分，它可以在介詞后充當賓語。?Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughexperience.一切(都)取決于我們是否有足夠的經(jīng)驗。?Shealwaysthinkofhowshecanworkwell.她總是在想怎樣把工作做好。特別提醒：that引導的賓語從句，除了幾個表示“除……之外”的介詞，如except,but,besides之外，不可直接作介詞的賓語，但可跟在形式賓語it之后，作介詞的實際賓語。Iknownothingabouthimexceptthathelivesnextdoor.除了他住在隔壁，我對他一無所知。I'mcountingonitthatyouwille.我正指望著你會來。[即學即練]單句語法填空①Hisspeechissoconfusingthatit'sdifficulttomakeout________heistryingtoexpress.②Thisstillleavesthequestionof________localpublicservicesshouldbeimprovedinthenextfiveyears.③The5Gcellphonemustbeofgreatuseandconvenienceto________wantstogetinformationthroughtheInternetquickly.④Ishallseetoit________heistakengoodcareofwhenyouareabsent.⑤Overthousandsofyears,theybegantodependlesson________couldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild,andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.5.time后接定語從句的用法(教材P8)ThatwasreallythefirsttimeItriedtoexplainsciencetoanaudienceandnowit'smyjob！那真的是我第一次嘗試向觀眾講解科學知識，現(xiàn)在這成了我的工作！當time表示“次數(shù)”時，用關(guān)系詞that引導定語從句，that可省略；當time表示“一段時間”時，用關(guān)系副詞when或at/duringwhich引導定語從句。?Thisisthesecondtimethattheniceyoungmaninvitedmeoutfordinner!這是那位好心的年輕人第二次請我出去吃晚餐！?Therewasatimewhenbuildingsinthiscitywerealmostofthesameheight.曾經(jīng)有段時間，這座城市的建筑物幾乎都是一樣高的。[特別注意]thefirsttime常用于句型itis/wasthefirsttimethatsb.has/haddonesth.，意為“那是某人第一次做某事”。如果主句謂語動詞為is，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時；主句謂語動詞為was，從句則用過去完成時。?Itisfirsttimesince1976thatanasteroidhasesoclosetoEarth.這是自1976年以來第一次有小行星如此近距離地接近地球。?Itwasthefirsttimethattheyhadchattedwiththeirparentslikefriends.那是他們第一次和父母像朋友一樣聊天。易混辨析：(1)thefirsttime意為“第一次”，在句中起到連詞的作用，引導時間狀語從句。Thefirsttimemyfaultswerepointedout,Ifeltashamed.第一次被指出過失的時候，我感到很羞愧。(2)forthefirsttime意為“初次”，是介詞短語，在句中作時間狀語。Hewasinvitedtogiveanimportanttalkinpublicforthefirsttime.他第一次受邀在公眾場合作一個重要報告。[即學即練]單句語法填空/單句改錯①Istillrememberthefirsttime________wemetinschool.②Hethoughtofthehappytime________helivedwithhisparentsinthatmountainvillage.③ItisthefirsttimethatI________(speak)toaforeigner.④ItwasthefirsttimethatI________(see)theprofessorhimself.⑤ThefirsttimewhenImether,shewasworkinginabookshop.________________⑥Housepricesarerisingthefirsttimethisyear.________________6.“使役動詞/感官動詞＋賓語＋現(xiàn)在分詞”復合結(jié)構(gòu)(教材P9)OnceIcaughthimandhisfriendsseeingwhocouldjumpthefarthestofftheschoolstage！有一次我撞見他和幾個朋友比賽，看誰能從學校的舞臺上跳得最遠?，F(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語，對賓語起到補充說明的作用，通常強調(diào)動作是主動發(fā)生或正在進行的。常用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語的動詞有以下兩種：(1)使役動詞：catch,have,set,keep,get,leave＋sb./sth.＋doingsth.。(2)表示感官、感覺或心理狀態(tài)的動詞：see,watch,lookat,notice,observe,hear,listento,feel,smell＋sb./sth.＋doingsth.。?It'snotdifficulttogethimtalking—theproblemishowtostophim.讓他開口講話并不難，問題是如何阻止他。?Neverleavechildrenplayingnearwaterbythemselves.不要讓孩子們獨自在水邊玩耍。?Inoticedaboyslidingintotheteachers'office.我注意到一個男孩偷偷溜進了教師辦公室。?WhenIpassedbyClass2,IsawKatestandinginthefrontoftheclassroom.當我經(jīng)過二班的時候，我看見凱特站在教室前面。特別提醒：①感官動詞也可以接省略to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語，通常強調(diào)動作的完整/完成或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事。Isawanoldmanfallonthegroundinfrontoftheschoolgate.我看見一位老人倒在了校門口的地上。②使役動詞let,make,have可以接省略to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語。Neverletthebabystayaloneathome.永遠不要讓嬰兒一個人待在家里。③有些動詞如have,get,keep,make等還可以接動詞的過去分詞作賓語補足語，表示被動。Hespokeslowlytomakehimselfunderstood.他慢慢地說話，來讓人明白他的意思。[即學即練]單句語法填空/單句改錯①Whathesaidsetme________(think)．②Don'thavethemachine________(work)allnight;itmaygowrong.③WhenIwatchedthecouple________(quarrel),Igotatextmessagefromtheirdaughter.④Iwillgetmycar________(repair)thisSunday.⑤Thelostgirlwaslastseen________(play)nearthewoods.⑥Suddenly,weheardsomeone________(knock)atthedoor.⑦Iamsorrytohavekeptyou________(wait)forsolong.⑧Icaughtaboy________(cheat)intheEnglishexamyesterday.⑨Thebossmadehisworkerstoworkforlonghourseveryday.________________⑩Ioftenhearmyneighboursinginghappilyinthemorning.________________7.部分否定(教材P9)However,IhavenotdoneaswellwithallmystudentsasIhavewithGraham.不過，并不是每一個學生我都能教得像格雷厄姆那么成功。某些表示全部含義的代詞、副詞以及某些表示全部含義的形容詞所修飾的名詞詞組與not連用時表示部分否定，代詞如all,both；形容詞如whole,every等所修飾的名詞詞組，包括every所構(gòu)成的復合代詞；副詞如altogether,always,entirely,wholly,quite等。?Notallthepeoplepresentatthemeetingagreewithyou.不是所有出席會議的人都支持你。?Allmenherearenothonest.這兒的人并非都誠實。?Bothofthesistersarenothere./Notbothofthesistersarehere.并非兩姐妹都在這里。特別提醒：全部否定要用none,nobody,nothing等。both的全部否定用neither;everyone的全部否定用nobody或noone。Noneofthemknow/knowstheway.他們都不知道路。Neithersentenceisright.兩個句子都不對。Nobodyknowswherehehasgone.沒有人知道他去哪兒了。[即學即練]同義句轉(zhuǎn)換/一句多譯①Notalltheantsgooutforfood.→Alltheants________forfood.②Noteverybookiseducative.→Everybookis________.不是所有的學生都支持這個規(guī)章制度。③________________________________________________________________________④________________________________________________________________________他的兩個姐姐并非都同意他的提議。⑤________________________________________________________________________⑥________________________________________________________________________8.Itis/was＋adj.＋(for/ofsb.)todosth.(教材P9)Ithinkit'simportanttounderstandthatthere'snosuchthingasagoodorabadstudent.我認為重要的是要知道沒有所謂的好學生或者壞學生。該句型是It作形式主語的一個句型。如果不定式的邏輯主語是for引出的，句中的形容詞通常是表示重要性、緊迫性、頻繁程度、難易、安全等情況的形容詞。常見的此類形容詞有important,necessary,mon,normal,natural,hard,difficult,easy,safe,dangerous,impossible,pleasant等。如果不定式的邏輯主語是of引出的，常用的形容詞多為形容邏輯主語品質(zhì)、特性的詞，如clever,wise,bright,silly,foolish,stupid,kind,cruel,right,wrong等。?Itisimpossibleforustofinishtheworkontime.我們不可能按時完成這項工作。?Itisimportantforhertoetotheparty.來參加這個聚會對她來說很重要。?Itiskindofyoutohelpme.你能幫助我真是太好了。名師提醒：在Itis＋adj.＋forsb.todosth.或Itis＋adj.＋ofsb.todosth.句型中，都是復合不定式作真正主語的句子，此句型中“forsb.todosth.或ofsb.todosth.”都是“介詞＋不定式的邏輯主語＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)就是不定式復合結(jié)構(gòu)[即學即練]單句語法填空①Itisimpossible________(concentrate)ifyouaretenseornervous.②________isnecessarytolearnaforeignlanguage.③Itishighlynecessary________ourgovernmenttostoptheofficialcorruption.④Is________possibletoflytothemooninaspaceship?⑤Itiskind________youtosayso.9.what引導的主語從句(教材P9)IfwhatIdoasateachercanhelpturnachildlikeGrahamintosuchasuccessfuladult,thenIknowwhatI'mdoingisworthwhile.作為老師如果可以幫助像格雷厄姆這樣的孩子成長為如此成功的人，那么我知道我所做的事情是值得的。eq\x(在what引導的主語從句中，what在從句中可作主語、賓語、表語等，從句用陳述語序。)?Whatshesawfrightenedher.她看到的東西嚇了她一跳。(what在從句中作賓語)?Itisonlywiththeheartthatonecanseerightly;whatisessentialisinvisibletotheeyes.一個人只有用心去看，才能看清事實真相。事情的本質(zhì)只用眼睛是看不到的。(what在從句中作主語)?Whatstruckmewasthattheyhadallsufferedalot.讓我震驚的是他們都受過很多苦。(what在從句中作主語)名師點津：翻譯時可先翻譯從句中what后面的成分，再翻譯what，將what譯為“……的事情、東西、樣子等”。名師點撥：what在從句中作主語時，主句謂語由what從句謂語決定what在從句中作賓語，主句謂語由主句表語(賓語)決定[即學即練]單句語法填空/單句改錯①________causedtheaccidentisstillapletemystery.②________hascausedgreatconfusionishowhemadeitwithoutanyoneelse'shelp.③________weusedtoseeassomethingimpossibleisnowbeingareality.④________makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.⑤Thathedidknowwasthathewasverythankfulfortheopportunitygiventohim.________________⑥Thankyouforyourletter,whatreallymademehappy.________________⑦Second,IlistencarefullyinclassanddoexercisesimmediatelyafterclasssothatwhichIlearncanbedeeplyunderstood.________________⑧Itisnotwhatyousayitbuthowyousayitthatmatters.________________[詞語積累]①angle/'??ɡl/n.[C]角；角度a45°angle45°角②triangle/'tra???ɡl/n．[C]三角形③addupto總共是，總計為④forthefirsttime首次，第一次。其在句中作狀語。I'llneverforgethearingthispieceofmusicforthefirsttime.我永遠不會忘記第一次聽到這首曲子的情景。[拓展]thefirsttime用作連詞，引導從句。IknewwewouldbegoodfriendsthefirsttimeImether.我第一次見到她，就知道我們會成為好朋友。⑤hydrogen/'ha?dr?d??n/n.[U]氫⑥usedtodosth.過去常常做某事[辨析]beusedtodosth.被用來做某事beusedtodoingsth.習慣做某事⑦rocket/'r?k?t/n.[C]火箭；火箭(彈)⑧o...把……倒進……pour/p??(r)/vt.傾倒，倒出⑨lightamatch點燃火柴⑩setoff使(炸彈等)爆炸?awillingstudent一個主動學習的學生?slowadj.遲鈍的，笨的，理解力差的?lackconfidenceinoneself對自己缺乏信心lackvt.缺乏，沒有?strength在此意為“長處，優(yōu)勢”，是可數(shù)名詞，反義詞是weakness(缺點，弱點)。?giveapresentation作介紹MyTeacherIhaven'tseenMrJenkinssinceIleftschool,butIoftenthinkabouthim【1】.Iwasn'tverygoodatmostschoolsubjectsbeforeImetMrJenkins.IsupposeIwasabitlazy,especiallyinmaths.TheonlythingIcanrememberfromschoolmathsisthattheangles①ofatriangle②addupto③180degrees【2】！ButwhenIwas15andwentintoMrJenkins'class,Ireallybecameinterestedinasubjectforthefirsttime④.【1】本句為but連接的并列句。第一個并列分句中包含一個since引導的時間狀語從句。since引導時間狀語從句時，其對應(yīng)的主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時?！?】本句為主從復合句，其中Icanrememberfromschoolmaths為省略了關(guān)系代詞that的定語從句(先行詞被theonly修飾，關(guān)系代詞宜用that)；thattheangles...degrees為that引導的表語從句。BeforeMrJenkinstaughtme,sciencehadsimplybeenasubjectfullofstrangewordstome.Ihadnoideawhathydrogen⑤was【3】，andIdidn'treallywanttoknow,either!Ifounditallsoboringanddifficult.ButMrJenkinsmadeeverythinginteresting.Heusedto⑥explainthingswhichseemeddifficultwithlotsofpracticalexamplesandinsimplelanguage.Oneday,hetookusoutside,andwebuiltarocket⑦!Irememberthatheletmepoursomefuelinto⑧therocket,andthenanotherstudentlitamatch⑨t(yī)osetitoff⑩.Itwasgreatfun.【3】what在此引導同位語從句，解釋idea的具體內(nèi)容。IknowthatIwasn'tawillingstudent?，butIwasn'tslow?tolearnnewthings.TheproblemwasthatIlackedconfidencein?myself.MrJenkinsmademefeelthatIhadmyownstrengths?.Iwasinterestedinthestudyofthestarsandplanetsandheaskedmetogiveapresentation?totheclass.ThatwasreallythefirsttimeItriedtoexplainsciencetoanaudience【4】andnowit'smyjob!Oftenwhen