備戰(zhàn)2024年中考英語語法培優(yōu)生筆記Chapter 5 形容詞和副詞 筆記（全國通用）（原卷版）

chapter5形容詞和副詞筆記·模塊一形容詞的用法·模塊二副詞的用法·模塊三形容詞和副詞的比較級、最高級·模塊四與形容詞副詞有關(guān)的其他知識點(diǎn)·模塊五2022、2023年各省市真題綜合訓(xùn)練45題模塊一模塊一形容詞的用法形容詞的位置與順序形容詞充當(dāng)?shù)某煞衷诰渲锌梢宰鞫ㄕZ、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語等。Thisbikeisexpensive. 形容詞作Sheisagoodstudent,andsheworkshard.形容詞作MyteacheralwaysmakesherEnglishclassinteresting. 形容詞作形容詞的順序縣官行令殺國才。縣→限定詞；官→外觀(大小、長短和高低)；行→形狀；令→年齡（新舊）；殺→顏色；國→國籍；才→材料。美小圓舊黃，法國木書房（主觀在前，客觀在后）★小試身手★一件昂貴的俄國產(chǎn)的棕色皮大衣anexpensivebrownRussianfurcoat一條可愛的丹麥的小美人魚 alovelylittleDanishmermaidOnedaytheycrossedthe_______bridgebehindthepalace. B.Chineseoldstone C.oldstoneChinese D.Chinesestoneold一根爺爺傳給我的長長的棕色的波斯木紋手杖AlongbrownPersianwoodenwalkingstickfrommygrandpa(老師可自選補(bǔ)充)特殊形容詞的位置形容詞修飾不定代詞時放在后面。I

had

initially

thoughtthat

there

would

be

nothing

s

because

itwasfairlycommonforanold

man

to

catchillness.本來我以為沒什么大問題的,畢竟人老了,有病痛是在所難免的。well,ill等表達(dá)健康狀況、情感類形容詞只作表語，不做定語。Heisanillman.（定語）Heisill.（表語）Ihavebeenwrecently.Icantakecareofmyself.這段時間我身體很健康。我可以自己照顧自己。帶有前綴-a的表語形容詞帶有前綴“a-”這類形容詞只作表語不做定語，比如alike,alive,asleep,awake,alone。★小試身手★living/aliveThosepassengersarestillIhaveneverseenamanonmywayhere.asleep/sleeping/awakeAslongashesitsinfrontoftheTV,hecanfall.Hush!Don’tawakenthedog!Ifyoukeepfor3days,youmightdie.alone/lonelyHelivesbutheneverfeels.Ahutstoodonthetopofthehill.Sheis.It’sagoodtimetotakeaction!-ed形容詞與-ing形容詞：interesting有趣的interested感興趣的令人驚奇的感到好奇的moving令人感動的moved感動的frightening令人害怕的frightened感到害怕的terrifying令人恐懼的terrified感到恐懼的令人困惑不解的感到困惑的satisfying令人滿意的satisfied感到滿意的tiring令人厭倦的tired感到厭煩的令人驚訝的感到驚訝的boring令人討厭的bored感到厭煩的令人興奮的感到激動的touching觸動人心的touched感動的encouraging令人鼓舞的encouraged受到鼓舞的astonishing令人驚呆的astonished驚呆的★小試身手★L(fēng)onglongago,therewasan(interest)mancalledEffendi(阿凡提).Hewasso(bore)thathewenttosleep.Therewasan(excite)expressiononhisfacewhenheheardthegoodnews.模塊模塊二副詞的用法副詞主要修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞及整個句子。特殊副詞的位置enough修飾名詞是形容詞，放在名詞前，修飾形容詞和副詞是副詞，放在它們的。他們有足夠的現(xiàn)金買一張單程票。that,sentences,for,believe,tough,you,present,criminals,are,do,at,enough?(連詞成句)★真題試煉★JanecanspeakEnglish_______.ShewantstoworkfortheSpecialOlympicGames.A. correct B. nice C. sweet D. wellEveryonelikesKevinbecausehetalkstoothers_______.A. friendly B. lovely C. politely D. luckilyThebabyfeels_______whilehismotherholdshiminherarms.A. save B. safe C. safely D. safetyMyoldneighbourCharlesfelt_______afterhischildrenmovedout．lonely B. safely C. angrily D. happily?Attention?一般形容詞后加-ly可以構(gòu)成副詞，但有些副詞和形容詞同形，比如：hard,late,early,high,fast,far,deep等，這些詞后面有沒有-ly意思不同。嘗試寫出下列副詞的意思：hardhardlylatelatelyhighhighlydeepdeeply★小試身手★hardvs.hardlyWethoughtlongandbeforedecidingtomovehouse.latevs.latelythatevening,therewasaknockatthedoor.highvs.highlyItisunlikelythatshe'llbelate.deepvs.deeplyTheysatandtalkedintothenight.模塊模塊三形容詞和副詞的比較級、最高級同級比較用于兩者之間的同級比較，表示“…和…一樣”，其句型主要分兩種："as+形容詞/副詞原級+as"的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示前后兩者的情況一樣。他幾乎像他姐姐一樣勤奮。Hewasalmosthissister．在否定句中，用"notas/so+形容詞/副詞原級+as"結(jié)構(gòu)，表示前者不如后者。在許多體育運(yùn)動中，體能沒有技巧重要。Inmanysportsphysicalfitnesstechnique.?Attention?如若第一個as/so后的形容詞作定語修飾名詞，應(yīng)將該名詞及有關(guān)修飾語都放在第一個as/so之后。You'vemadeasmanymistakesasIhave.你犯的錯誤和我犯的一樣多。人們普遍相信(一般認(rèn)為),教學(xué)既是一門科學(xué),也是一門藝術(shù)。It

is

generally

believed

that

teaching

is

asmuchanartas

it

is

a

science.

比較級:規(guī)則變化Americanelephantsarelarger,fiercerandmoredifficulttotamethanAsianelephants.比起亞洲大象，非洲大象更大，更兇猛，也更難馴服。Thereisonespectaclegranderthanthesea,thatisthesky;thereisonespectaclegranderthanthesky,thatistheinteriorofthesoul.----VictorHugo★小試身手★三個臭皮匠，頂個諸葛亮。（head）事實(shí)勝于雄辯。（actions）遲到總比不到好。（late）不規(guī)則變化原級比較級最高級good/wellbetterbad/badly/illmany/muchmorelittlefarfartherfarthest★真題試煉★Thismotorcycleisnotas_______asthatone,andituseslessgas.A. expensive B. lessexpensiveC. moreexpensive D. themostexpensiveHecanplaytennisbetterthan_______.A. anyboys B. anyotherboy C. anyboy D. anyotherJackisthesecond________studentinourclass.Heis________thanme.A. tallest;muchtaller B. tall;muchtallerC. tall;muchmoretaller D. tallest;muchmoretallerAftertwoyears'research,wenowhavea________betterunderstandingofthedisease.A. very B. far C. fairly D. quiteWhojumped_______ofallintheworld?A. longer B. longest C. farther D. farthestYouaredrivingtoofast.Canyoudrive_______．A. abitmoreslowly B. slowlyabitmoreC. moreslowabit D. slowlymorebit形容詞和副詞的比較程度在形容詞比較級前可以使用：alittle,abit,even,alot,agreatdeal,much,far等副詞來表示比較級的程度。換言之，看到這些詞就要考慮使用比較級。★小試身手★判斷下面的搭配是否正確。morehighermoremuchhighermuchmorehighermuchhigheralotmuchalotmoremuchmoremuchmanymuchinterestingabitmoreinterestingalotinteresting alittlemoreinterestingevenlessinterestingalittlemostinteresting比較級的否定★小試身手★判斷這句話語法上是否正確。Iamnottallerthanyou(are).（）?Attention?只能用notas…as或less（Iamnotastallasyouare.或Iamshorterthanyouare.）★小試身手★Youaremoreintelligentthanme.=I.=I.MadeinChinaproductsarelessexpensivethanmadeinUSAproducts.=MadeinChinaproductsaremadeinUSAproducts.FrenchismoredifficulttolearnthanEnglish.=EnglishFrench.=EnglishFrench.?Attention?notmorethan只可用在數(shù)字前，表示“僅僅”、“只有”，類似于only，強(qiáng)調(diào)少；而no＋比較級＋than用于否定雙方，意為“和……一樣不”。Thistesttakesnomorethanthirtyminutes.這個考試只要三十分鐘。Youarenomorecarefulthanyourbrother.你和你弟弟一樣不仔細(xì)?！镄≡嚿硎帧颰heoldcarraceisnolessexcitingthanthemoderncarrace.他不比乞丐有錢。雖然起步晚，但是湯姆彈鋼琴不比她差。他不比我幸運(yùn)。模塊模塊四與形容詞副詞有關(guān)的其他知識點(diǎn)most的含義themost＋形容詞表最高級，most＋形容詞意為“非常”，most相當(dāng)于very。Qomolangmaisthemostdangerousmountainintheworld.Itreallyismostannoying.倍數(shù)的表達(dá)倍數(shù)詞加在-er詞或as...as前面。結(jié)構(gòu)：倍數(shù)+as+adj./adv.+as/倍數(shù)+adj/adv.-er+than…Herappetiteisonlyhalfasbigasours.她的胃口只有我們的一半大。亞洲的面積是歐洲的四倍。AsiaisEurope.AsiaisEurope.have,as,would,three,asked,much,paid,gladly,I,he,times,as(連詞成句)moreandmore結(jié)構(gòu)“moreandmore”表示“越來越……”The

fresh

water

is

becoming

less

and

less.

現(xiàn)今越來越多年輕人正在使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)，但是其中有些人沒有合理地使用。the+比較級…the+比較級結(jié)構(gòu)“themore…themore”結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)的意思是“越…，就越…”Thegreateramanis,themoredistastefulispraiseandflatterytohim.------JohnBurroughs(美國博物學(xué)家巴勒斯)一個人越偉大，對表揚(yáng)和奉承就越反感。★小試身手★多多益善。知道得越多，越會體會到自己知道得有限?？諝庠綗?，它就上升得越快。Inrecentyears,travelcompanieshavesucceededinsendingustheideathatthe(far)wego,the(good)ourholidaywillbe.(詞性轉(zhuǎn)換)比較級也可以表示最高級的含義：Harry是班里聰明的學(xué)生。=Harryisclevererthaninhisclass/inhisclass./Harryisclevererthaninhisclass（同班）&Harryisclevererthaninthisclass.（不同班）?Attention?有other/else,A、B同范圍；anyother+N單數(shù)；anyoftheother+N復(fù)數(shù)無other/else,A、B異范圍?！镄≡嚿硎帧顲hinaislargerthaninAfrica.ChinaislargerthaninAsia.模塊模塊五2022、2023年各省市真題綜合訓(xùn)練45題★綜合真題試煉★1．（2023·湖北鄂州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—IsJulieastallasyou?—No,sheisn’t.She’s________thanme.A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．thetallest2．（2023·云南·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Chinaisoneof________countriesintheworld.Weareallproudofit.A．older B．theolder C．oldest D．theoldest3．（2023·吉林長春·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Nothingis_______thanaglassofwaterwhenyouarethirsty.A．nice B．nicer C．nicest D．thenicest4．（2022·江蘇徐州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Todayismuch________thanyesterday.Nice!A．cool B．cooler C．coolest D．thecoolest5．（2022·遼寧阜新·中考真題）Mostpeopledon’tlikeeatinglemonsbecausetheytaste________.A．lovely B．sweet C．delicious D．sour6．（2022·湖北襄陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Whichdoyoulikebetter,mathorphysics?—Bothofthemaremyfavoritesubjects.Ithinkmathisas_________asphysics.A．interesting B．moreinteresting C．lessinteresting D．mostinteresting7．（2023·天津·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Samdid________inhisstudiesthisyearthanlastyear.A．well B．better C．best D．thebest8．（2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Slowcookingseemstoholdthetasteofthemeatmuch________.A．good B．well C．better D．best9．（2022·重慶·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Royisagreatdancer.Hedances________thanothers.A．beautifully B．morebeautifully C．lessbeautifully D．mostbeautifully10．（2022·江西·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Whodoyouthinkwillwintherace,BoborTom?—ItmustbeBob.Ithinkheruns________.A．faster B．fastest C．moreslowly D．mostslowly11．（2022·山東濱州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Bill,IplannedtogiveyouthecardonSaturday,butI________forgot.—That’sOK.Iwon’tuseituntilnextweekend.A．completely B．recently C．quietly D．clearly12．（2022·山東濟(jì)南·統(tǒng)考中考真題）AlthoughLinglingstudiesonlineathome,shestudies________thanbefore.A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．thehardest13．（2022·貴州銅仁·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—UncleWang,couldyoutellmethesecretofyourgoodhealth?—Inmyview,______vegetablesand______meat.A．less;less B．more;more C．more;less D．less;more14．（2022·北京·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Aftertakingtennisclasses,Timismuch________thanlastyear.A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．thestrongest15．（2023·四川雅安·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Mikeplaysbasketballwell.Doyouknowhim?—Sure.Heisalsooneof________basketballplayersinourclass.A．tall B．thetaller C．tallest D．thetallest16．（2022·廣西貴港·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Areyougoingtorideyourbiketothebeach?—Yes.It’s________ofall.A．convenient B．moreconvenient C．mostconvenient D．themostconvenient17．（2022·廣西河池·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Katieis________ofthethreegirlsinherfamily.A．young B．younger C．theyounger D．theyoungest18．（2022·山東濱州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Thissongseems________thesedays.Itwasplayedeverywherewhenitcameout.—That’strue.Weseldomhearitnow.A．popular B．morepopular C．lesspopular D．themostpopular19．（2022·遼寧鞍山·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—What’sthesecond________riverinChina?—TheYellowRiver.A．longer B．thelonger C．longest D．thelongest20．（2023·遼寧大連·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Nowadaystravelingbyhigh-speedtrainisas________astravelingbyairinChina.A．popular B．morepopular C．mostpopular D．themostpopular21．（2022·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thisdetectivestoryis_______thantheoneIreadlastnight.A．a(chǎn)ttractive B．moreattractive C．mostattractive D．themostattractive22．（2022·西藏·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Theharderyouwork,the________youwillbe.A．luckier B．lucky C．luckily D．luck23．（2023·黑龍江綏化·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Theoldmanlives________,sohemayfeel________.—Weshouldvisithimtwiceamonth.A．a(chǎn)lone;lonely B．lonely;alone C．a(chǎn)lone;alone24．（2023·遼寧營口·中考真題）ChatGPTcanmakeaplan________thanwedo.A．muchquickly B．morequick C．evenquick D．farmorequickly25．（2023·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Theairhasbeenmuch________theseyears.Governmentsaretakingactionagainstpollution.A．badly B．worst C．bad D．worse26．（2023·四川遂寧·中考真題）LiuYihasjustgottheonlychancetovisitPekingUniversity.Sheisthe________studentinclass.A．lucky B．luckier C．luckily D．luckiest27．（2023·江西·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—AsIknow,yourfriendJeffisveryhumorous.—Yes.Heis________personIknow.A．funnier B．thefunniest C．moreserious D．themostserious28．（2021·四川資陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）YuanLongpingworked________allhislifetomakepeoplehaveenoughfood.A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．hardly29．（2022·四川達(dá)州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Jessica,it’sraining________outside.—Oh,youshouldbe________whenyoudrivetowork.A．hard;careful B．hardly;careful C．hard;carefully D．hardly;carefully30．（2022·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Amydidverywellinherreport.Sheis________topayattentiontoeverydetail.A．enoughcareful B．carefulenough C．enoughcareless D．carelessenough31．（2022·廣西賀州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Andydoesn’tlikejunkfoodatall,soshe________eatsit.A．often B．sometimes C．usually D．never32．（2022·江蘇徐州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）WhydoesJohnactso________?Look,he’sspeakingfaster,hisfacebecomesredderandyoucanalmostseefireinhiseyes.A．happily B．a(chǎn)ngrily C．calmly D．sadly33．（2022·吉林長春·統(tǒng)考中考真題）ZhaoChenran________ofallthestudentsatthesportsmeeting.A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．lessfast34．（2022·江蘇無錫·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Coffeeortea,Frank?—Coffee,please.Togetrelaxed,________isbetterthanacupofcoffee.A．nothing B．a(chǎn)nything C．something D．everything35．（2022·貴州畢節(jié)·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Makingrobotsisoneof________activitiesamongstudents.Eachofthemhashisownrobot.A．morepopular B．themostpopular C．moredifficult D．themostdifficult36．（2022·遼寧盤錦·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Leolikesspeedskatingandhethinksit’s_________eventattheBeijingWinterOlympics.A．exciting B．moreexcitingC．mostexciting D．themostexciting37．（2022·廣西梧州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Itwillbe________thisafternoon.—Well,we’dbettertakeanumbrella,orwewillgetwet.A．rainy B．cloudy C．windy D．sunny38．（2022·貴州黔西·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Ofthetwomathproblems