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專題06閱讀理解C篇
(-)
(2024年楊浦區(qū)區(qū)一模)
InmemoryofEleanor
—awoman
[1]EleanorLowenthal-mygrandmother-indesperateneedofincometoputherhusbandthroughgraduateschool,
walkedintotheHarvardMuseumofComparativeZoology.There,sheconvincedthescientiststhatshewastheperfect
persontomount(安放)andcatalogtheirgrowingantcollection.
[2]Atthetime,apromisinggraduatestudentnamedE.O.Wilsonwascomingupinthedepartment.Wilson,who
passedawayinDecember2021,wascalledthe"fatherofbiodiversity^^.WhenEleanorjoinedthedepartment,researchers
wereracingtocollectandcatalogspecimens(標(biāo)本).AsWilsonshiftedresearchtowardssmaller,lessglamorousspecies
thatnonethelessheldecologicalsignificance,hesetthestageforconservationbiology.Behindthescenes,technicianslike
mygrandmotherpreservedthespecimenthatfurtheredWilson'sworkandcontinuetoprovidenewinsightsand
opportunitiesforresearchersacrosstheglobe.
[3]Atthetime,hiringa21-year-oldwomanwhohaddroppedoutofartschoolwasasignificantgamble.Itpaidoff.
Eleanor'sjobasatechnicianrequiredthesamemanualflexibilityandcoordinationthatartschoolhaddemanded.Thejob
requiredhertoworkquickly,yetprecisely.Rushingcouldriskruiningararespecimen,butEleanorcouldprocessantsas
quicklyasWilsoncouldmailthembackfromhisexpeditionstoAustraliaandPapuaNewGuinea.Shesometimesmounted
asmanyas200aday.
[4]Itwasn'tacoincidencethatEleanorfoundworkinentomology.Wilson'shigh-profileresearchonantscrackedan
openingforwomeninpreviouslymale-dominatedfieldofconservation,whichwascenteredaroundstudyingbiggamein
thefirsthalfofthe20thcentury.
[5]Evenwhenwomen'searlyworkhasbeencredited,thelanguageusedtodescribetheircontributionsoften
minimizedtheirroleintheteam,notmentioningthembyname.Arecentlydiscovereddepartmentreportincludeslinessuch
as,“Alargeamountofsoreadinqandsettinginsectswasdonebytheladyassistant,"and"Thecollectionhasbeen
remarkablyfreefrompests.?,duetothecontinuouscareoftheladyassistant.”
[6]Thedepartmentnowfunctionslikealibrary(specimencanbeborrowedforstudyorexaminedonsite),andserves
asatrainingcenterforthenextgenerationofscientistswhousethecollectioninwaysWilsonandmygrandmother
probablyneverimagined.
[7]Eleanordidn'trealizetheimpactofhercontributionatthetime-thetechnicianrolewasjustajobthatpaid$38a
week.Butshe'scometoappreciatethesignificanceofherworkonaprojectthatspanscenturies.4tYoucanseehowitgoes
fromoneeratoanother,9,saysEleanor."It'ssoimportanttohavethislibraryforpeopletomakeconnectionsandnew
discoveries.^^
63.Thefirsttwoparagraphswriteabout.
A.whyEleanorwaschosentobeanassistantforWilson
B.whatconvincedWilsonswitchtothestudyofants
C.howEleanor5sandWilson'scareerpathscrossed
D.whentechnicianslikeEleanorstartedtogethired
64.Whywerethelinesinthereportcitedinthefifthparagraph?
A.Toprovehowimportantwomen'searlyworkwas.
B.Toshowwomen'sroleatthetimewasnotfullyrecognized.
C.Togiveavividdescriptionofthenatureofwomen'swork.
D.Toteachthewisdomofwritinggoodsciencereports.
65.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphs?
A.Today9sresearchersarestillenjoyingthebenefitsofEleanor'swork.
B.Eleanorisnowworkingasasupervisorinthedepartment.
C.Newscientificdiscoveriesaretheresultsofcollectivewisdom.
D.Nobody'sworkisasimportantasEleanor'sinthedepartment.
66.Whichofthefollowingshouldbefilledinthetitle“InmemoryofEleanor—awoman"
A.whosestrugglemirroredthesocialchangesinthestatusofwomen
B.whoseworkwonherfameinthethenmale-dominatedfieldofconservation
C.whopioneeredauniqueantmanagementsystemattheHarvardMuseum
D.whoworkedbehindthesceneswithextraordinaryspeed,accuracyandartistry
(二)
(2024年黃浦區(qū)一模)
①Agroupof41statesandtheDistrictofColumbiabeganalegalcaseagainstMeta,theparentcompanyofFacebook,
Instagram,WhatsAppandMessenger,insistingthatthecompanyknowinglyusedfeaturesonitsplatformstocausechildren
tooverusethem.Theaccusationsinthelawsuitraiseadeeperquestionaboutbehavior:Areyoungpeoplebecoming
addictedtosocialmediaandtheinternet?Here'swhattheresearchhasfound.
②DavidGreenfield,apsychologistandfounderoftheCenterforInternetandTechnologyAddictioninWestHartford,
Conn.,saidthedevicestemptuserswithsomepowerfulapproaches.Oneis"'intermittentreinforcement,9,whichcreatesthe
ideathatausercouldgetarewardatanytime.Butwhentherewardcomesisunpredictable.Adultsareeasilyinfluenced,he
noted,butyoungpeopleareparticularlyatrisk,becausethebrainregionsthatareinvolvedinresistingtemptationand
rewardarenotnearlyasdevelopedinchildrenandteenagersasinadults.Moreover,theadolescentbrainisespecially
accustomedtosocialconnections,and"socialmediaisallaperfectopportunitytoconnectwithotherpeople.^^
③Formanyyears,thescientificcommunitytypicallydefinedaddictioninrelationtosubstances,suchasdrugs,and
notbehaviors,suchasgamblingorinternetuse.Thathasgraduallychanged.In2013,theDiagnosticandStatisticalManual
ofMentalDisorders,theofficialreferenceformentalhealthconditions,introducedtheideaofinternetgamingaddiction.
@Asubsequentstudyexploredbroadeningthedefinitionto'"internetaddiction.^^Theauthorsuggestedfurther
exploringdiagnosticcriteriaandthelanguage,forinstance,notingthattermslike"'problematicuse“andeventheword
“internet“wereopentobroadinterpretation,giventhemanyformstheinformationanditsdeliverycantake.
⑤Dr.MichaelRich,thedirectoroftheDigitalWellnessLabatBostonChildren'sHospital,saidhediscouragedtheuse
oftheword“addiction“becausetheinternet,ifusedeffectivelyandwithlimits,wasnotmerelyusefulbutalsoessentialto
everydaylife.
?Greenfieldagreedthatthereclearlyarevaluableusesfortheinternetandthatthedefinitionofhowmuchistoo
muchcanvary.Buthesaidtherealsowereobviouscaseswhereimmoderateusedisturbsschool,sleepandothervital
aspectsofahealthylife.Toomanyyoungconsumers"can'tputitdown,,,hesaid.t4Theinternet,includingsocialmedialike
Meta,arethedrugsaffectingthemind.”
63.WhatwasMetaaccusedof?
A.Itaddedproblematicfeaturestoitsplatform.
B.Itstartedadiscussiontomisleadyoungpeople.
C.Ittemptedchildrentousesocialmediatoomuch.
D.Itconductedillegalresearchonitsparentcompany.
64.AccordingtoDavidGreenfield,userstendtobeaddictedtosocialmediaandtheinternetdueto.
A.theirunder-developedbrain
B.therandompatternofrewards
C.theirdesiretobesociallyconnected
D.thepossibilityofescapingfromreality
65.WhatcanbeconcludedaboutthestudyintroducedinParagraph4?
A.Addictionissomethingaboutbehaviorsinsteadofsubstances.
B.Theonlinelanguagecanbeinterpretedfromabroadperspective.
C.Currentdiagnosticcriteriaof'"internetaddiction"isn'tsatisfactory.
D.Thereshouldbeanagreementonthedefinitionoftheword"internet”.
66.Dr.MichaelRichandDavidGreenfieldbothagreethat.
A.properuseoftheinternetdoesgoodtochildren
B.theinternetistoblamefordisturbinghealthylife
C.therearecasesagainstimmoderateuseoftheinternet
D.theword"addiction“isimproperlyusedontheinternet
(三)
(2024年長(zhǎng)寧區(qū)一模)
WhenIvolunteeredasasocialworkeratadomesticviolenceshelterinadevelopingcountry,Iimaginedtheposition
forwhichmyuniversityexperiencehadpreparedme.Iimaginedconductingintakeinterviewsandwalkingaroundfrom
organizationtoorganizationseekingsupportthatthewomenwouldneedtorebuildtheirlives.WhenIarrived,IfeltasifI
alreadyhadmonthsofexperience,experiencegainedinthehypotheticalsituationsIhadinventedandsubsequentlyresolved
single-handedly.IfeltthoroughlypreparedtotacklethesituationIassumedwaswaitingforme.
Iarrivedfullofzeal.Withinmoments,myrealitymadeasharpbreakfromwhichIhadexpected.Thecoordinator
explainedthattheshelter'sneedforfinancialself-sufficiencyhadbecomeobvious.Toaddressthis,thecenterwasplanning
toopenabakery.Iimmediatelyenthusedabouttheproject,makingmanyreferencestothesmallenterprisecasestudiesI
hadresearchedattheuniversity.Inresponsetomyimpassionedreply,thecoordinatordeclaredmeinchargeofthebakery.
Atthatmoment,IwasaspreparedtobakebreadasIwastorunforpoliticaloffice.Thebiggerproblem,however,wasthatI
wascompletelyunfamiliarwiththefor-profitbusinessmodelsnecessarytorunthebakery.Iwasoutofmydepthina
foreignriverwithonlymycoordinator'sconfidencetokeepmeafloat.
Theysaythatnecessityisthemotherofinvention.Ibeganfindingrecipesandusingtheexpertiseoffriends.Withtheir
helpmakingbread,printingleafletsandmakingcontacts,thebakerywassoonrunningsuccessfully.Afterashorttimeit
becameasignificantsourceofincomeforthehouse.
Inadditiontofunds,bakingbreadprovidedanaturalenvironmenttoworkwithandgettoknowthewomenofthe
shelter.Kneadingdough(揉面團(tuán))sidebyside,Isharedinthefriendlyatmosphereofthekitchen,treatedtostoriesabouttheir
childrenandthetownsandjobstheyhadtoleavebehindtoensuretheirsafety.Bakinghelpedmedevelopstrong
relationshipswiththewomenandadvancedmyunderstandingoftheirsituations.Italsoimprovedthewomen'sself-esteem.
Theirabilitytomasteranewskillgavethemconfidenceinthemselves,andthefactthatthebakerycontributedtothe
upkeepofthehousegavethewomenasenseofprideandtheconfidencethattheyhadthecapabilitytosupportthemselves.
BakinggavemetheopportunitytoworkinacapacityIhadnotatallexpected,butonethatprovedverysuccessful.
Learningtobakegavemeasmuchnewfoundself-confidenceasitgavethewomen,andIfoundthatsometimesquality
socialworkcanbeassimpleaskneadingdough.
63.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageistoshowhowtheauthor.
A.wasshockedbythereality
B.broadenedthescopeofherwork
C.developedherabilitiestorunafor-profitenterprise
D.handledatoughsituationinadevelopingcountry
64.Thestatementthattheauthorarrived“hillofzeaF,indicatesthatshewas.
A.anxiousandinsecure
B.confidentbutuninformed
C.eagerandinterestedD.
enthusiasticbutincompetent
65.Whywastheauthorinitiallyenthusiasticabouttheideaofthebakery?
A.Sheconsidereditfromatheoreticalpointofview.
B.Shehopedtogetaleadershippositioninthebakery.
C.Shewantedtoshowherbakingskillstohernewcoordinator.
D.Shebelieveditisagoodwaytoraisewomen'sself-esteem.
66.Whatdidthelastsentence("'Learning...dough")indicate?
A.Theauthorunderestimatedherabilitiestolearnnewskills.
B.Theauthorderivedbenefitfromherworkbyhelpingothers.
C.Theauthorlackedself-confidenceasmuchasthewomenworkingwithher.
D.Theauthorfoundperformingsocialworksurprisinglyeasywithnoeducation.
(四)
(2024年徐匯區(qū)一模)
ZionNationalParkinUtahhasplentyoftrails,butAngelsLandingmaybethemostbreathtaking.Picturethis.Youbegin
thehikeonthewideandwell-maintainedWestRimTrail.Itfollowstheriverandthencrossesthebottomofthecanyon,
surroundedby270-million-year-oldlayersofrock.Relaxing,right?Justwaitforit.Thetrailthenstartstoclimbviaaseriesof
switchbacks(急轉(zhuǎn)彎)leadingupthesideofthemountain.Thenmoreswitchbacks:21tighterturns,called"Walter'sWiggles,“
whereelevationlevelsrapidlyincrease.Yourheartbeatisprobablyrapidlyincreasingatthispoint,too.
OntopofWalter'sWiggles,youcanstopforastunningview(perhapswithamarriageproposal)andarestroomstop
whileyoucontemplate(仔Z田考慮)thefinalstretchofthehike.Ifyou'reafraidofheights,ifsbesttoturnbacknow.Thelast
stretchistherealtestofbravery.
Thelasthalfmileofthehikeiswhatreallyranksitasoneofthenation'smostdangerous.AngelsLandingitselfisa
fin-likeformationjutting(突出)1,500feetoutofthecanyon,andthisiswhereyoumakethefinal500-footclimb.Guardrails
andchainsbolted(拴住)intothecliffhelpyoukeepfromtumblingovertheextremelysteepledge.You'reliterallylivingon
theedge,andyoudon'twanttotrustthe“angels“downtheretocatchyou.Onceyoureachthetop,however,ifllallbeworth
it:360-degreeviewsofthecanyonmakeagreatbackdropforkickingbackandhavingamealbeforeyoucomebackdownthe
wayyoucame.
AngelsLandingmightbedangerous,butthankfully,nottoomanypeoplehavehadfatalfalls.Accordingtothepark
website,sevenpeoplehavediedinthe100yearstheparkhasexisted.Still,thisisaveryvigoroushike.Ifyou'reoutofshape,
bringingyoungchildrenalong,feelillorpronetofainting,orarejustplainafraidofheights,optforaneasiertrail.
AngePsLandingisagreathikeformostoftheyear,besidesthecoldwintermonthswhenthetrailscouldbecome
dangerouslyslippery.Summeristhemostpopulartimeofyear——andthereforethemostcrowded-butitcanalsoget
extremelyhot,sooptforanearlymorninghikewhilethetemperaturesarestillmild.
Sure,it'sdangerous,butthere'sareasonthisisoneofZion4smostpopularhikes.Ifyou'reupforthechallenge,Angels
Landingwilldefinitelydeliverrewards.
ThisarticlefirstappearedonC.
63.Whatgeologicalfeaturesurroundsthehikerduringtheinitialpartofthehike?
A.Plentyoftrailsinthepark.B.MountainPeaks.
C.270-million-year-oldlayersofrock.D.GrassMeadows.
64.WhatisthemainattractionandappealofAngelsLanding?
A.Thechallenginghikewithswitchbacks.
B.The360-degreeviewsofthecanyon.
C.Thewell-maintainedWestRimTrail.
D.Therivercrossingandrockformations.
65.Whichofthefollowingstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.Ifatouristisafraidofheights,it'sbesttoturnbackontoAngelsLanding.
B.Sevenpeoplehavediedsofarduetoslipperytrailsinwinter.
C.BringingyoungkidsalongtoclimbontoAngelsLandingwillbeappreciated.
D.Takingabreakwiththeviewsofthecanyonasbackgroundisabsolutelyworththetrip.
66.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.UnveilingtheHiddenBeauty:ExploringZionNationalPark'sTrails
B.Zion'sUltimateThrill:TheAdrenaline-PumpingAngelsLandingExpedition
C.ChasingHeights:AngelsLandingAdventureinUtah'sZionNationalPark
D.AngelsLanding:ConqueringUtah'sBreathtakingandDaringHikeinZionNationalPark
(五)
(2024年閔行區(qū)一模)
HowtoRecruitwithSofterSkillsinMind
Softskillsmattertoemployers.Ananalysisofalmost5000jobdescriptionsshowedcompanieshaveshiftedawayfrom
emphasizingfinancialandoperationalskillstowardssocialskills-anabilitytolisten,reflect,communicateandempathise
洪情).
Thetroubleisthatsoftskillsarehardtomeasure.Worsestill,theconventionalprocessforrecruitingpeopleisoften
betteratrecognizingotherqualities.Theearlyphasesofrecruitmentfocusonscreeningcandidatesbasedontheirexperiences
andhardskills,criteriathatareeasiesttoassessremotely.Thelaterphases,whencandidatesandemployersengageinactual
conversation,arebettersuitedtoassessinganapplicant'ssofterskills.Thinkofhowfundamentallyunsocialthesituationis!
Candidatesareexpectedtotalk,notlisten;toimpress,notempathise.Structuredinterviewscriptsenablelike-for-like
comparisonsbuttheyalsolimitthespacefornaturalness.
Tworecentstudiesofwhatmakesforagoodteammemberagreeonwhatmightbedescribedasanabilitytoreadthe
room.Oneresearchfoundpeoplewhocanaccuratelyjudgethelevelofinfluenceheldbyvariousteammemberspossessa
magicpowercalled"statusacuity”.Suchroom-readersreducegroupconflictandenhanceteamperformance.They
accordinglydesignedatest,inwhichparticipantswatchedavideoofagroupperformingatask.Theparticipantsthenrated
membersofthegroupbasedonhowmuchrespecteachwasperceivedtohold.Peoplewhoseratingswereclosesttothe
assessmentsoftheteammembersthemselveshadthequalityofstatusacuity.
Theotherstudyfoundthatcertainindividualsconsistentlymadetheirgroupsperformbetterthanexpected.Suchpeople
aregenuineteamplayers,capableofmakingthewholegreaterthanthesumoftheparts.Thesewonderfulcreaturesdidnot
standoutfromtheirpeersonIQtests.Buttheydidsignificantlybetteronthe“ReadingtheMindintheEyes"test,an
assessmentinwhichparticipantsareshownpicturesofvariousfacialexpressionsandthenhavetopickthewordthatbest
describeswhateachpersonisfeeling.
Bettertestsarenottheonlywaytogathermoreinformationaboutsoftskills.Don'tjusthavepeoplehigherupthefood
chainaskinterviewquestions.Askthepeoplewhointeractcasuallywithapplicants,fromtheassistantstothereceptionists,
whattheythoughtofthem.
Undeniably,peoplemaysucceedinfakingtheirwaythroughtheprocess.Andtheremaybemoreroomforinterviewers9
prejudicetoemerge.Findingsomeoneannoyingmaybeasignalthatsomeonelackssocialskills.Butitmayalsomeanthat
theyarenervousorthatinterviewersarebad-tempered.Recruitmentissettochangeandisunlikelytobecomeless
challenging.
43.Whatmakestherecentrecruitmentprocessdistinctfromthetraditionalone?
A.Prioritizationofsoftskills.
B.Focusonascreeningmethod.
C.Dependenceonstructuredinterviewscripts.
D.Emphasisuponfinancialandoperationalskills.
44.Accordingtothethirdandfourthparagraph,apersonwiththeabilitytoreadtheroomiscapableof.
A.adjustingone'sbehaviororattitudeswiftlytofitthecontext
B.understandingtheindividual'sperspectivetorespondappropriately
C.resolvinggroupconflictorjudgingfacialexpressionsinasituation
D.interpretingindividual'srolewithinateamortheirmood
45.Whatisthepurposeofthetwostudiesmentionedinthepassage?
A.Toidentifywaystoperfectstructuredinterviewscripts.
B.Todiscovershortcutsfortestingandidentifyingsoftskills.
C.Toexplorerecipesforcultivatingaqualifiedteammember.
D.Tointroducemethodsofimprovingcandidates5non-technicalskills.
46.Whatcanbeimpliedfromthelasttwoparagraphs?
A.Integratingsoftskillsassessmentintoahiringprocesswon'tintroducesideeffects.
B.Employeesinlowerpositionsmayprovideuselessinsightsintoapplicants9softskills.
C.Interviewers9prejudicemayinfluencetheirfairassessmentsandperceptionsofcandidates.
D.Thereisnopossibilityofindividualssuccessfullydeceivingothersduringtheinterview.
(六)
(2024年虹口區(qū)一模)
Theconceptofdynamicpricingissimple-andeasyforbusinessestoimplement.WhetherifsaFriday-eveningfight,a
hotelduringtheholidays,orataxirideinadownpour,wehaveallbeenburnedbyhigher-than-normalpricesduetoexcess
demand.Raisingcostswhenbusinessesarebusiestisthenormacrossthetravelindustry.Perhapsthemostwell-known
exampleofthisiswithinride-sharecompanies,whichhaveusedsurgepricingforyearstochargeriderswhendemandforcars
rocketsrelativetothenumberofdriversavailable.
Outsidetravel,onlinestoresareincreasinglyusingthisdynamicpricing,too,saysVbmberg.660nAmazon,comalone,
millionsofpricechangesoccurwithinaday,correspondingtoapricechangeofabouteverytenminutesforeach
product."Whileconsumersmightnotalwayspickuponthesevariationsinprice,Vbmbergsaystime-baseddynamicpricing
willlikelybecomeacompetitivestandardatleastinonlinemarkets.€4AI-enabledtoolscansuggestthebestpricesviamachine
learningalgorithms(算法).Theycanalsotrackandlearncompetitorandcustomerresponsestopricechanges,9,hesays.
Now,surgepricingishappeninginstoresincludingbarsandsupermarketsaswell."Physicalbusinessesareadopting
electronicshelflabelsthatenablerealtimepriceadjustmentdependingonthetimeofday,stocklevelsandwhetheritemsare
approachingtheirsell-bydate,“saysSarwarKhawaja,chairmanoftheOxfordEducationGroup.Hesaysthistechnologyis
likelytocausepricesinbarsthatusethesesignstoincreaseduringtherushesofdinner,weekendsorholidays,orfor
supermarketstoadjustpricesthroughoutthedayorweek,dependingonvolumeofshoppers.
Thecurrenteconomicclimateisalsodrivingtheneedforthesepricingtechnologies.Whilecreatingcompetitivepricesis
alwayskeytohealthyprofitmargins,Khawaiasaysdynamicpricingenablesbusinessestooptimisetheirpricingdepending
onthefinancialsituationsoftheircustomerbase."'Businessescanofferdiscountsduringdownturnswhileincreasingpricesin
betteroffareas,9,hesays.
Thechanges,however,maynotsitwellwithconsumers."Dynamicandsurgepricingwilllikelyexpandtomore
industriesandmorecompaniesinthelongterm,butjustbecauseaproductmaybepopulardoesnotmeanthatcustomersare
willingtoturnablindeyetobeingchargedmore,^^saysKhawaja.Headdssurgepricingcancausecustomerstolosefaithina
companyiftheybelievetheyarebeingovercharged."'Perhapsdynamicpricingofadrinkinyourfavouritepubmightbeastep
toofarforloyalcustomers.9,
43.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dynamicpricing^^inparagraph1?
A.Asystemofdecidingwhatthepricesshouldbe.
B.Ameansforcompaniestofindtargetcustomers.
C.Amethodthathelpspromotesharingeconomy
D.Astrategyofofferingdiscountstoattractclients.
44.ItcanbeinferredfromArndVbmberg^commentsthatonlinestores.
A.offerthemostcompetitiveprices
B.makeprofitsbychangingpricesinrealtime
C.confusecustomersbychangingprices
D.relytoomuchonmachinelearningalgorithms
45.Accordingtothepassage,whydophysicalbusinessesadoptdynamicpricing?
A.Tomatchsupplyanddemandduringpeakhours.
B.Toliftcustomerexperienceandencourageloyalty.
C.Tomaintainconsistentpricingacrossallproducts.
D.Tocompetewithonlinestoresandbusinesses.
46.Whichofthefollowingbestpredictshowcustomersmayreacttotheexpansionofdynamicpricing?
A.Turntowhateveroffersthelowestprices.
B.Protestagainstitforbeingtooannoying.
C.Refusetogiveinandarelikelytoresist.
D.Takeitforgrantedandacceptitaltogether.
專題06閱讀理解C篇
(-)
(2024年楊浦區(qū)區(qū)一模)
InmemoryofEleanor
—awoman
[1]EleanorLowenthal-mygrandmother-indesperateneedofincometoputherhusbandthroughgraduateschool,
walkedintotheHarvardMuseumofComparativeZoology.There,sheconvincedthescientiststhatshewastheperfect
persontomount(安放)andcatalogtheirgrowingantcollection.
[2]Atthetime,apromisinggraduatestudentnamedE.O.Wilsonwascomingupinthedepartment.Wilson,who
passedawayinDecember2021,wascalledthe"fatherofbiodiversity^^.WhenEleanorjoinedthedepartment,researchers
wereracingtocollectandcatalogspecimens(標(biāo)本).AsWilsonshiftedresearchtowardssmaller,lessglamorousspecies
thatnonethelessheldecologicalsignificance,hesetthestageforconservationbiology.Behindthescenes,technicianslike
mygrandmotherpreservedthespecimenthatfurtheredWilson'sworkandcontinuetoprovidenewinsightsand
opportunitiesforresearchersacrosstheglobe.
[3]Atthetime,hiringa21-year-oldwomanwhohaddroppedoutofartschoolwasasignificantgamble.Itpaidoff.
Eleanor'sjobasatechnicianrequiredthesamemanualflexibilityandcoordinationthatartschoolhaddemanded.Thejob
requiredhertoworkquickly,yetprecisely.Rushingcouldriskruiningararespecimen,butEleanorcouldprocessantsas
quicklyasWilsoncouldmailthembackfromhisexpeditionstoAustraliaandPapuaNewGuinea.Shesometimesmounted
asmanyas200aday.
[4]Itwasn'tacoincidencethatEleanorfoundworkinentomology.Wilson'shigh-profileresearchonantscrackedan
openingforwomeninpreviouslymale-dominatedfieldofconservation,whichwascenteredaroundstudyingbiggamein
thefirsthalfofthe20thcentury.
[5]Evenwhenwomen'searlyworkhasbeencredited,thelanguageusedtodescribetheircontributionsoften
minimizedtheirroleintheteam,notmentioningthembyname.Arecentlydiscovereddepartmentreportincludeslinessuch
as,“Alargeamountofsoreadinqandsettinginsectswasdonebytheladyassistant,"and"Thecollectionhasbeen
remarkablyfreefrompests.?,duetothecontinuouscareoftheladyassistant.”
[6]Thedepartmentnowfunctionslikealibrary(specimencanbeborrowedforstudyorexaminedonsite),andserves
asatrainingcenterforthenextgenerationofscientistswhousethecollectioninwaysWilsonandmygrandmother
probablyneverimagined.
[7]Eleanordidn'trealizethe
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