遼寧省丹東市2024年高考英語必刷試卷含解析

遼寧省丹東市2024年高考英語必刷試卷請考生注意：1．請用2B鉛筆將選擇題答案涂填在答題紙相應(yīng)位置上，請用0．5毫米及以上黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆將主觀題的答案寫在答題紙相應(yīng)的答題區(qū)內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙上均無效。2．答題前，認(rèn)真閱讀答題紙上的《注意事項》，按規(guī)定答題。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．I______tellyouwithcertaintythathewon’tbeabletofinishitbeforethedeadline.A．willB．mustC．canD．may2．Thisbookissaidtobethespecialone,which________manyeventsthatcannotbefoundinotherhistorybooks.A．covers B．writesC．prints D．reads3．Anyonewithaneyeontheemploymentsituationknewtheassessmentabouteconomicrecovery_______justaroundthecornerwascorrect.A．beingB．tobeC．wasD．havingbeen4．Whatisyourmainreasonforchoosingonerestaurantanother?A．overB．ofC．fromD．for5．Richardsaveduphismoney______hemightgoabroadforhissummerholiday.A．incaseB．nowthatC．a(chǎn)sifD．sothat6．Withthedevelopmentofeconomy，ourincomehasincreased________10%inlessthanayear.A．forB．byC．onD．a(chǎn)t7．—IntheUK，somepeopleequatelifeexperiencewiththenumberofstampsintheirpassports.—That’swhytheyallagreethatthey________the“travelbug”．A．catchB．caughtC．havecaughtD．a(chǎn)retocatch8．––Isthisteagoodcoldaswell?––______withice,thisteaisespeciallydelicious.A．ServedB．ServingC．HavingservedD．Tobeserved9．Inthismoviegoingseason,womenaredrivingticketsalestoadegree,ifever,seenbefore.A．really B．frequentlyC．rarely D．never10．Wehavestrong________forbelievingthatthenewly-inventedmaterialisnotonlypopularbutalsoamonumenttotheeco-friendlylifestyle.A．grounds B．reasons C．causes D．purposes11．WethesunshineinSanyanowifitwerenotforthedelayofourflight.A．wereenjoying B．wouldhaveenjoyedC．wouldbeenjoying D．willenjoy12．Youcanusethisroomforyourclubactivitiestomorrow______youkeepittidyandclean.A．forfearthat B．incaseC．onconditionthat D．evenif13．That’swhyIhelpbrightenpeople’sdays.Ifyou________,who’stosaythatanotherpersonwill?A．didn’t B．don’tC．weren’t D．haven’t14．Itwasn'teasyhavingmyfriendstalkabouttheirfreshmanyears________Iwasn'tapartof．A．whom B．when C．that D．what15．Tohisdelight,Tomquicklyearnedthetrustofhisbossandthenofhiscolleagues.A．one B．onesC．that D．those16．Sinceyouaremydaughter'sclassmate,we'dliketo______you_______tonight.A．put;down B．put;in C．put;off D．put;up17．Childrenwhoarenotactiveor_____dietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.A．what B．whoseC．which D．that18．Uptillnow,therehasbeennoscientificevidenceabout________causedthedeathofdinosaurs.A．whatisitthat B．whatitwasthat C．itwaswhat D．whatisit19．LastyearIappliedtoPrincetonUniversity．I____theywouldsayyes—buttheydid,andnowhereIam．A．neverthink B．a(chǎn)mneverthinkingC．haveneverthought D．neverthought20．—WhatdoesNicky’sjobinvolveasapublicrelationsdirector?—______quitealotoftimewithotherpeople.A．SpendingB．HavingspentC．TospendD．Tohavespent第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21．（6分）Myfriend,Jack,wasataxidriver.Webecamefriendsquitebyaccident.Fiveyearsago,ImadeatriptoChicago.ThemomentIsteppedintoacab,Irealizeditwasdifferent.Thefloorwascoveredwitharug(小地毯).ThereweresmallreproductionsofpaintingsbyVanGoghinsidethecab.Andthewindowswerespotless.ItoldthedriverIhadneverriddeninamoreattractivetaxi.“Iliketohearmypassengerssaythat,”hereplied.“Howlonghaveyoubeendecoratingyourcab?”Iasked.“It’snotmine,”hesaid.“It’sacompanycab.IhitupontheideayearsagowhenIworkedasaclean-upmanforthetaxicompany.Eachcarthatcameinattheendofthedaywaslikeagarbagepit.Cigarettebuttsandmatchescoveredthefloor.Stickystufflikepeanutbutterwasontheseatsordoorhandles.Ithoughtthatifthecompanyandthedriverswouldgivepeopleacarworthkeepingclean,theymightbemoreconsiderate.”“AssoonasIgotmytaxilicense,Itriedoutmyideas.Iputalotofextradecorationsintothecabtheygavemetodrive.Igotanicerugandsomeflowers.Wheneachpassengergotout,Icheckedtomakesurethateverythingwasinorderforthenextfare.Afteraboutamonthofmybringinginaspotlesscab,thebossreservedthesamecarformeeachday.ThatwaswhenIputupthereproductionsofgreatpaintings.”“I’veneverbeendisappointedbypeopleinthepasttenyears—nogarbage.LikeIsay,peopleappreciatebeautifulthings.Ifweplantedmoreflowersandtreesinthecityandmadethebuildingsmoreattractive,morepeoplewouldtendtokeepthecityclean.”Later,webecamegoodfriends.Iwasimpressedbythetaxi-driver,whohadhitonagreattruth—asenseofbeautycomeswiththegiftoflife.Mostpeopledon’thavetobeinstructedabouttherarityofbeauty.Theyrespondwhentheyfindit.And,iftheyaremadetofeelapartofit,theywilltrytoaddtoit.1、Whatmadethewritersurprisedwhenhegotintothetaxi?A．Thebeautifuldecorationontherug.B．Thestyleofdecorationoutsidethetaxi.C．Themasterpiecesofwell-knownpainters.D．Theimpressiveinnerenvironmentofthetaxi.2、Jackgottheideaofdecoratingthecabwhen_______.A．hegothistaxilicenseB．thebossreservedthesamecarforhimeachdayC．heservedasaclean-upmanforthetaxicompanyD．hefoundthetaxihecleanedwasfullofcigarettebutts3、Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus?A．Peoplecaneasilymakefriendswhentakingataxi.B．Whenpeoplefindbeautyinlife,theywilltrytoaddtoit.C．Ifweplantmoreflowersandtrees,wecankeepthecityclean.D．Wehavetobetaughttofindbeautyandmakeitmorebeautiful.22．（8分）Whatexactlyisintelligence?Therearen’tanyeasyanswers.Despitetheprogressthathasbeenmadeingeneticsandpsychology,humanintelligencehasremainedoneofthemostcontroversialareasofmodernscience，untilnow,thatis,forthediscoveryofagene(基因)linkedtointelligencehasmadetheexpertsthinkagain.RobertPlominoftheInstituteofPsychiatryinLondonandhiscolleaguesintheUShavebeenlookingintogeneticmake-up.Fromtheirresearch,theyhavediscoveredthataslightlydifferentgeneismorecommoninthosewithahighIQ.PlominanalyzedDNAfromtwogroupsof51childrenagedbetween6and15.WhathefoundwasthatthefirstgrouphadanIQof136,puttingtheminthetop5%ofthepopulation,whiletheothergrouphadanaverageIQof103.Ananalysisoftheirgenesshowedthat32%ofchildreninthehighergrouphadthegeneinquestion,whileonly16%inthesecondgroupdid.However,thereisalotmoreresearchtobedone,andPlominhimselfiscautiousatthisearlystage.Hesuggeststhatthereareprobablymanygenesthatcontributetointelligence,ratherthanjustone.SeveralstudieshaveshownastronglinkbetweenIQandcareersuccess,althoughsomepsychologistsremainunconvincedaboutthis.ProfessorMichaelRowe,whohaswrittenabookcalledGeniusExplained,isoneofthese.“ThepeoplewiththehighestIQsarenotusuallytheoneswhodobestintheircareers.”Manypsychologistsnowbelievethatwhenitcomestointelligence,IQisn’teverything.Manyalternativeviewshavebeenputforwardrecently.Oneexampleistheideaofmultipleintelligences,whichwasdevelopedinthe1980sbyHarvardpsychologistHowardGardner.ThisoffersamuchbroaderviewthantheIQtheory,includingcreativityandcommunicationskillsasrelevantfactors(因素)inintelligence.TonyBuzan,brainexpertandauthorofMasteryourMemory,isenthusiasticaboutthisbelief,arguingthattruegeniuses(天才)doindeedappeartocombinehighlevelsofeachtypeofintelligence.HelistsAlexandertheGreat,PabloPicassoandAlbertEinsteinasexamples.Atthesametime,Buzanbelievesthateveryonecandeveloptheirintelligence,onlyiftheytakethetroubletoexercisetheirbrain.Perhapsthere’shopeforusall!1、Whatisthetopicofthepassage?A．Therelationshipbetweengenesandintelligence.B．IQbenefitsalotfromhighintelligence.C．Howtodevelopintelligence.D．Whatmakesintelligence.2、WhydoestheauthorusedatainParagraph2?A．Tomakeasuggestion. B．Todrawaconclusion.C．Toproveanidea. D．Togiveanexample.3、Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．RobertPlominconfirmsgeneshavesomethingincommon.B．HowardGardnerthinksintelligenceincludesvariousfactors.C．MichaelRoweapprovesofastronglinkbetweenIQandcareer.D．TonyBuzanagreesgeniusesexercisebraintoimproveintelligence.4、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inParagraph4referto?A．Thedevelopmentofintelligence.B．Theideaofmultipleintelligences.C．IQisn’teverythingforintelligence.D．Alternativeviewshavebeenputforward.23．（8分）Youknowthosenutritionguidelinesthegovernmentissueseveryfewyears?Itturnsoutthatfollowingthemisn'tjustgoodforyourhealth.It'sgoodfortheplanet,too.“Whatwefoundisthatimpactsvaryacrossnations,butinthehigh-impactnations,ingeneral,youcanseethat,ifyoufollowanationallyrecommendeddiet,despitethefactthatthesedietsdon'tmentionexplicitly—ormostofthemdon'texplicitlymention—environmentalimpacts,thatyouaregoingtohavelowerenvironmentalimpactsduetothat.Sothat'ssortoffairlyclearacrossallthehigh-incomenations.”saidPaulBehrens,anenvironmentalscientistatLeidenUniversityintheNetherlands.Thefoodweeattakesabigtollontheenvironment.Athirdoftheice-freelandonEarthisusedforagriculture,andaccordingtosomeestimates,producingfoodaccountsforroughlyafifthofallhuman-causedgreenhousegasemissions.Fertilizerrunoffalsoleadstootherproblems,likethealgaebloomsinLakeEerieandtheDeadZoneintheGulfofMexico.However,followingdietaryguidelineswouldreducethoseimpacts,especiallyinwealthycountriesliketheUS.“Mostofthereductionscomefrommeatanddairy，”whichhaveanoutsizedimpactonlanduseandpollution,andareamajorsourceofgreenhousegases.(That'spartlyduetocowfarts.Seriously.)Followingthesuggestionswouldalsomeaneatingfewercalories,sincemanypeoplehereeatmorethantheyneed.Overall,inhigh-incomecountries,Behren'steamestimatesthatfollowingtherulescouldresultinasmuchasa17percentreductioninlanduse,a21percentreductioninnutrientpollution,anda25percentdropinagriculturalgreenhousegasemissions.Cuttingdownonhowmuchfoodwewaste—whichisroughlyathirdintheUS—couldhelpevenmore.TheresultsareintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.Ofcourse,peoplearenotoriouslybadatfollowingdiets.But:“Thesenationallyrecommendedguidelinesdoactuallyhaveaknock-oneffectonotherareasofpolicymaking.SoifI'mdevelopinganewhealthy-eating-for-schoolsprogramthenthat'sgoingtobebasedoffalotofdetailthatIgetfromthenationallyrecommendedguidelines.Sowhileitmightnotnecessarilybethecasethatpeoplefollowdirectly…theyactuallyarequiteinfluentialonthepreparationofotheradvice.”Itseemsthatasmallerenvironmentalfootprintandahealthierlifestylecouldgohandinhand.1、WhichofthefollowingstatementwillPaulBehrensapproveof?A．Followinganationallyrecommendeddietcanhavesimilarimpactsindifferentcountries.B．Followinganationallyrecommendeddietcandogoodtoourhealth.C．Notallthecountrieshaverecommendeddietsinanexplicitmanner.D．Somehigh-incomenationsdon'tmentionthedietexplicitlyforitsimpactscanbeignored.2、Whatdotheunderlinedwords“takesabigtollon”inparagraph3probablymean?A．showssignsof B．hasabadeffectonC．takesfulladvantageof D．makesupfor3、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Foodproductioncanleadtoabout20percentofhuman-causedgreenhousegaswithonlyathirdoftheice-freelandused.B．Itisestimatedthatfollowingdietaryguidelinescanleadtodecreaseinmorelandusethaninnutrientpollution.C．PaulBehrens'newprogramconcerninghealthyeatingforschoolsislikelytobebasedonnationalnutritionguidelines.D．Somewealthycountriestendtoreducemeatanddairythoughtheotherareasofpolicymakingisn'teffectedmuch.24．（8分）Everwonderedwhetherpunishmentactuallymakespeoplecooperate(合作)?Ateamofscientistscreatedanexperimenttofigureitoutandtheresultswereprettyunexpected.Tounderstandwhattheyfound,youhavetoknowwhythesescientistswerestudyingpunishment.Theyweretryingtofigureoutwhypeoplecooperatewhenit’softensoeasytoprofitatothersexpense.Whydon’tfriendsstealfromeachother?Whydoparentsbothertofeedtheirchildren?Iftheanswertothesequestionsisobvioustoyou,congratulations,youareaheadofscientists.They’restilltryingtofigureitout.Inthisexperiment,researchershad225Chinesestudentsplayagame,whereifthestudentscooperated,they’dallgetanumberofpoints.Butifonedefected(變節(jié))andeveryoneelsecooperated,thedefectorwouldgetalotofpoints,andthecooperatorswouldloseout.Thisgamerepresentsalotofreallifesituationswhereyoustrugglewithadecision:worktogetheranddoOK,orrunoffwiththerewards,ruiningeverybodyelse’sday.Thisisactuallyaprettyordinaryeconomicexperiment.Buttheresearchersaddedtwochangestoseeiftheycouldmimic(糢擬〉therealworldbetter.Changeone:somestudentsplayedmanyroundstogether,sothey’dlearnwhotheycouldtrust.Changetwo:peoplecouldpunisheachother,sacrificingapointortwotodestroyanotherplayer’sscore.Intheend,theresearchersfoundthatplayingmultipleroundsmadepeoplecooperatemore,whichdefinitelymimicshumansociety.Butthewholepunishmentthingledtoasurprise:punishingdidn’tactuallymakepeoplecooperatemore.Infact,itmadethemcooperateless.Sothescientistsstilldon’tknowwhypeoplecooperate,thoughitlookslikeithasmoretodowithgroupsstickingtogetherthanitdoeswithpunishment.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A．Whyfriendsdon’tstealfromeachother.B．Whyresearchersarestudyingpunishment.C．Whypeoplealwaysprofitatothers’expense.D．Whypeoplecooperateratherthantakeadvantageofothers.2、Whathappenedtoadefectorintheexperiment?A．Helostout.B．Hebenefitedmore.C．Hegotpunished.D．Hebecametheleader.3、Whatconclusionisdrawnfromtheexperiment?A．Punishinghelpspeoplerealizetheirmistakes.B．Cooperatingisawin-winpolicytoall.C．Punishmentwon’tworkasexpected.D．Peoplewhochoosetocooperateareselfless.4、Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Doespunishingpeopleactuallywork?B．Whyispunishmentappliedtocooperation?C．Howcanpunishmentcontributetocooperation?D．Whatisthebestwaytomakepunishmenteffective?25．（10分）IwentuptoPeet’sCoffeetheothermorningandtherewasayoungman,Mike,probablymyage.Withhimhehadallhisphysicalbelongingsonasmallrollcart.Ifirstthought,hownicetohavesofewpossessions.Thatwasfollowedwiththethoughtofhowironic(諷刺的)itisthatweliveinoneofthefinanciallywealthiestareasoftheU.S.,ifnottheworld,yetwecan’t,ordon’t,takecareofthebasicneedsofhumanbeings.Yes,wearefinanciallywealthy,butwelackinwealthofcompassion(同情),kindness,andunderstanding.ItearupasIpondertheinequalityandinjusticethatexists.Anyway,IinvitedMikeinforabitetoeatandheeagerlyaccepted.Hetalkedaboutlookingupafriendforaplacetostaythatnight.OnChristmasEveasmanyeagerlyandgreedilystufftheirbellieswithfoodinnice,warmhomesandthenopenpresents,Mikejustwantedaplacetospendtheevening.ThenIwasreallyblownaway.Ashewaitedforhissandwich,Mikebegancleaningupthecondiment(佐料)area.Hetooksomepaperandwipedupthespillsofothersandrearrangedthemilksandothercondiments,makingeverythingneatandorderly.Hereisapersonwithverylittleandhe’sservingothersinawaythat’sjustnaturaltohim.IspokewithMikeaboutthisafterward,thankinghim.Hesaidhealwaysdidthatsortofthing—straighteningup.Tohim,itwasjustcommonpoliteness.Ijustaskedhimforahugandwepartedtogoourseparateways.Thereisalotforus...me...tolearninthemostunlikelyplace.1、Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“ponder”inParagraph1?A．ignore B．reduceC．fight D．consider2、WhatdidMikehopetodoonChristmasEve?A．Payavisittohisparents. B．Findaplacetosleep.C．Fillhisstomachwithfood. D．Havedinnerwiththeauthor.3、Whatimpressedtheauthormost?A．Mike’spoorsituation. B．Mike’sfriendship.C．Mike’sgoodcharacter. D．Mike’shonesty.4、WhatdidMikethinkofhisownbehavior?A．Normal. B．Proud.C．Shy. D．Unique.第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項．26．（30分）IwaswalkingaroundinaBigBazarstore,1Isawa

Cashiertalkingtoaboywhocouldn’thavebeenmorethan5or6yearsold.The

Cashiersaid,“I’msorry,butyoudon’thaveenoughmoneytobuythis2.”

Thenthelittleboy3tomeandasked,“Uncle,areyousureIdon’thave

enoughmoney?”Icountedhiscashandreplied,“Youdon’thaveenoughmoney,mydear.”

Iaskedhimwhohewishedtogivethisdollto.

“It’sthedoll4mysisterlovedmost.Iwantedto5herforherBirthday.”Hiseyeswereso6whilesayingthis.“MySisterhasgonetobewithGod.DaddysaysthatMommyisgoingtoseeGodverysoontoo,soIthoughtthatshecould7thedolltogiveitto

mysister.”My8nearlystopped.Thenheshowedmeaverynice9ofhim.Hethentoldme“Iwantmommytotakemypicturewithher.Iquickly

10mywalletandsaidtotheboy.“Let’s11again,”

Iaddedsomeofmymoneytohis,12himseeing.Therewasenoughforthedollandevensomesparemoney.Thelittleboysaid,“ThankyouGodforgivingmeenoughmoney!”Thenhe

lookedatmeandadded,“Ialsowantedtobuyawhite13for

mymommy.Hegavemeenoughto

buyit.”Ifinishedmyshoppinginatotally14statefromwhenIstarted.I

couldn’tgetthelittleboyoutofmy15.Twodaysafterthisencounterwiththelittle

boy,Ireadinthenewspaperthattheyoungwomanhadpassedaway.Icouldn’t16myself.Iboughtabunchofwhiterosesandwenttothe17home

.Shewasthere,inhercoffin,holdingabeautiful

whiteroseinherhandwiththephotoofthelittleboyandthedollplaced18

herchest.The19thatthelittleboyhadforhismotherandhissisteris20,to

thisday,hardtoimagine.(358)1、A．a(chǎn)sB．whileC．whenD．before2、A．flowerB．dollC．cardD．watch3、A．smiledB．turnedC．beggedD．referred4、A．thatB．whatC．whichD．how5、A．giftB．offerC．provideD．mail6、A．bigB．brightC．sadD．happy7、A．findB．sendC．bringD．take8、A．mindB．heartC．feetD．feeling9、A．drawingB．photoC．letterD．present10、A．reachedforB．lookedforC．foundoutD．reachedout11、A．confirmB．decideC．thinkD．check12、A．withB．beyondC．withoutD．by13、A．vaseB．coatC．dollD．rose14、A．differentB．sadC．depressedD．similar15、A．thoughtB．mindC．memoryD．sense16、A．stopB．persuadeC．helpD．bother17、A．meetingB．partyC．funeralD．tomb18、A．besideB．a(chǎn)boveC．overD．in19、A．loveB．careC．warmthD．mercy20、A．everB．neverC．yetD．still第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）Itisagreat1．(true)thatlifeisdifficult.Oncewereallyunderstandandacceptit,thenlifeisnolongerdifficult.2．,mostofusdonotfullyseeit.Theyjustcomplainabouttheirproblemsanddifficultiesasiflifeshouldbeeasy.3．makeslifedifficultisthattheprocessoffacingandsolvingproblemsisareallypainfulone.Problems,4．(base)ontheirnature,causesadnessorregretorangerorfear.Theseare5．(comfort)feelings,oftenaspainfulasanykindofphysicalpain.Itisinthewholeprocessofsolvingproblems6．lifehasitsmeaning.Problemsaretheserioustestthattellsussuccessfromfailure.Whenwewanttostrengthenthegrowthofhumanspirit,weencouragethehumanability7．(solve)problems,justasinschoolwesetproblemsforourchildrentodealwith.8．(learn)fromthepainofmeetingandworkingoutproblemsis9．greatbenefit.AsBenjaminFranklinsaid,“Thosethingsthathurt,instruct.”Forthisreason,wisepeoplelearnnottofearbuttowelcome10．painofproblems.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯（滿分10分）28．（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處，錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞。2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。Challengesoflifeareofgreatimportanceinourgrow、ItremindsmemydayswhichIjoinedinthemilitarytrainingafterIenteredseniorhighschool、ItwasthefirsttimeIhavelivedawayfrommyhome,soIfounditdifficulttofitin、Andthetrainingofficerwasstrictinme、IoncethoughtIcouldn’tsticktotheend、Butinanyway,Imadeit、Thetrialsmadeiteasyformetoadapttolife,butthedifficultiesIcameacrosshavenowbecomeapreciousmemoryinmylife、Inshort,learningtoregardthechallengesoflifeasthesteppingstonetofuturesuccessandmakethebestofthem、63第二節(jié)書面表達（滿分25分）29．（25分）Directions:WriteanEnglish