河南省開封市等2地2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題【含答案解析】

2023—2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末調(diào)研試卷高二英語本試卷分第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分。共150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。考生作答時(shí)，將答案答在答題卡上(答題注意事項(xiàng)見答題卡)，在本試題卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試題卷和答題卡一并交回。第Ⅰ卷(選擇題，共95分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面：5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhatistherelationshipbetweenMissBrownandHarryHill?A.Workmates.B.Husbandandwife.C.Teacherandstudent.2.WhatdoesthewomandislikeaboutMcDonald’s?A.Theservice.B.Theunhealthyfood.C.Thenoisyenvironment.3.Whatarethespeakersprobablytalkingabout?A.Buyingahouse.B.Findingahotel.C.Buyingacar!4.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Leave.B.Sitdown.C.Stand.5.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Goout.B.Stayinbed.C.Gotowork.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或讀白，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘。聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至第8題。6.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Husbandandwife.7.Whydoesthewomanthinksheisill?A.Shecouldn’tsleepatnight.B.Sheistiredinthedaytime.C.BothAand8.What’sthewomanworriedabout?A.Herexams.B.Herwork.C.Hermother聽第7段材料，回答第9至11題。9.Whatdidthemanlooklikewhenthewomancamesolate?A.Hewascalm.B.Hewasabitangry.C.Hewaspitiful.10.Whatdaywasitwhentheconversationtookplace?A.ItwasSaturday.B.ItwasSunday.C.ItwasThursday.11.Whenshouldtheappointmentbe?A.Morethananhourago.B.Twohoursago.C.Halfanhourago.聽第8段材料，回答第12至14題。12.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.WhenthemansurfstheWeb.B.Howthemanlooksupinformationonline.C.WhatthemandoesontheInternet.13.Whichofthefollowingdoesthemanprefer?A.Doinge-mailingontheInternet.BWritingrealletters.C.Lookingthroughbooksinlibraries.14.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hehasneversentanye-mails.B.HeshowsnointerestintheWeb.C.HegetssomehelpfromtheInternet.聽第9段材料，回答第15至17題。15.Wherearethetwospeakers?A.Inaconcerthall.B.InanancientpalaceC.Inamodemmuseum.16.Whatdoesthemanlikebestinthisplace?A.Thelights.B.Thepaintings.C.Thecolors.17.Whatdoweknowaboutthetwospeakers?A.Theyarehavingagoodtime.B.Theywishtobecomerichsoon.C.They’reuninterestedinupper-classlife.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Howdothecheerleadersperformtheirjobs?A.Theysetofffireworks.B.Theyputonathleticshows.C.Theyrunaroundthecrowds.19.Whydothecheerleaderssometimessufferphysicalinjuries?A.Becausetheyshoutandyell.B.Becausetheydancetoomuch.C.Becausetheytrydangerousacts.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Cheerleadingisjustforfun.B.Cheerleadershavemonthlycontests.C.Cheerleadingissomethinglikesports.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ANowadaysrobotsaretakingtheworldofsportsbystorm,fromthesix-leggedskiertothepingpongaceandtheexpertcurler.Four-leggedrobotgoalkeeperMiniCheetah,afour-leggedrobot,wastrainedupbyscientistsattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley’sHybridRoboticsLab.Therobotcanhandlearangeofthrownandkickedshotsfromhumans.Itcansquat,jump,sidestepanddivetostopshots.Itcansave87.5percentofshotstakenongoal,comparedtotheaverageforhumankeepersofaround69percent.Google’sping-pongarmGoogle’sping-pongrobotarmrecentlycompletedanepic340-shotrally(對(duì)打)withahuman.Thearmplays“cooperatively”togetagoodrallygoing,butaccordingtoGoogleitsskillscouldbebuiltuptomatchthelevelofaserioushumancompetitor.Researcherswantedtotrainitupinasimulationsoitcouldplaywithhumansintherealworld.China’sbadmintonbotInChina,researchershavecreatedarobotcalledtheRobomintonerthatcanplaybadmintonagainsthumancompetitors.Themachinelooksabitlikealawnmower(割草機(jī)),butitfirmlygripsitsbadmintonracketjustlikeanyhumanplayerwould.Italsogetssufficientpowerintotheshuttlecockusingaswiftflickingmotion,andzipsaroundthecourtonfourwheels.ExpertskierAlsoinChina,expertsfromtheShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitycreatedaskiingrobotthatcancontrolitsowndescentdownasnowyslope.Themachinestandswithtwolegsoneachskiandgripsskipoleswithitsmiddlelegs,whichitcanmanoeuvre(操縱)tocontroldirection.Therobotcanstayupright,turnandavoidcrashingtopeople.Itisalsocapableofskiingatmorethan30feetpersecondacrossa1,300-footcourseonan18-degreeslope.1.Whichofthefollowingistrueabout“thefour-leggedrobotgoalkeeper"?A.Itcanjumpanddivetoavoidshots.B.ItwastrainedupbyexpertsfromtheShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity.C.Researcherswantedtotrainitupsothatitcouldplaywithhumansintherealworld.D.Itcanactasagoalkeeperanddealwithshotsfromhumans.2.WhatdoGoogle’sping-pongrobotarmandRobomintonerhaveincommon?A.Theyarebothaboutrobotsonfourwheels.B.Theycanplayagainsthumancompetitors.C.TheyarecreatedbyChineseresearchers.D.Theylookabitlikealawnmower.3.Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A.Aculturemagazine. B.Areport.C.Asciencenewspaper. D.Atextbook.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹幾款從事體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的機(jī)器人?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Four-leggedrobotgoalkeeper中“Therobotcanhandlearangeofthrownandkickedshotsfromhumans.Itcansquat,jump,sidestepanddivetostopshots.Itcansave87.5percentofshotstakenongoal,comparedtotheaverageforhumankeepersofaround69percent.(該機(jī)器人可以處理一系列來自人類的投擲和踢打。它可以下蹲、跳躍、側(cè)步和俯沖來阻止投籃。它可以節(jié)省87.5%的射門次數(shù)，而人類守門員的平均射門次數(shù)約為69%。)”可知，四條腿的機(jī)器人守門員可以充當(dāng)守門員，處理來自人類的射門。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Google’sping-pongarm中“Google’sping-pongrobotarmrecentlycompletedanepic340-shotrally(對(duì)打)withahuman.(谷歌的乒乓機(jī)器人手臂最近與一名人類完成了一場(chǎng)史詩般的340桿拉力賽。)”和“InChina,researchershavecreatedarobotcalledtheRobomintonerthatcanplaybadmintonagainsthumancompetitors.(在中國，研究人員創(chuàng)造了一種名為Robomintoner的機(jī)器人，可以與人類選手打羽毛球。)”可知，Google’sping-pongrobotarm和Robomintoner可以與人類競爭對(duì)手比賽。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第一段“Nowadaysrobotsaretakingtheworldofsportsbystorm,fromthesix-leggedskiertothepingpongaceandtheexpertcurler.(如今，機(jī)器人正在席卷體育界，從六條腿的滑雪者到乒乓球名將和專業(yè)的冰壺手。)”以及后文可知，文章主要介紹幾款從事體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的機(jī)器人，所以這篇文章可能出現(xiàn)在一份科學(xué)報(bào)紙上。故選C項(xiàng)。BThehand-drawnposterskeptcatchingAviramCohen’seyeashewalkedaroundhisneighborhoodinQueens,N.Y.Theywerecolorfuladvertisementswithadistinctstyle.Cohen,whobuildsexhibitionsinmuseumsandgalleries,waseagertouncoverwhowasbehindtheposters.Itwasn’teasy.“Ifoundthembygoingfromrestauranttorestaurantuntiltherewassomeonethathadtheirphonenumber,”Cohen,42,said,addingthathewashopingtoaskthemtocreateasignforhiswife’syogaandPilatesstudioinJacksonHeights.Whentheartists,CarlosandMiguelCevallos,methimathiswife’sstudiothatdayin2018,Cohenwasshockedtoseetwobrothersintheir80s,whofordecadeshavespenttheirdaysintheirsharedManhattanapartmentmakingadvertisingpostersbyhand.Theyhadlongbeenrelyingonwordofmouthtoattractnewclients.ThenCohensuggestedtheygetonsocialmediatopreservetheirwork.“Itshouldbedocumentedsoitdoesn’tdisappear,”Cohensaid.CohenofferedtocreateanInstagramaccountforthebrothers.Theywereonboardwiththeidea.Thebrothers,alongwiththeirolderbrother,Victor,openedasignshopinBogotain1966.Victortaughthisyoungerbrothersallheknewaboutart.AfterVictormovedtoNewYorkin1969,hisbrotherseventuallyfollowedhim.Carloscamefirstin1974andproducedposterswithVictorinasmallartstudioinTimesSquare,andlaterinQueens.In2005,MiguelmovedtoNewYork.AfterVictor’sdeathin2012,MiguelandCarloscarriedontheirbrother’slegacy(遺產(chǎn))bycontinuingtomakecustomposters.Migueloutlinesthelettersandimages,andCarlosisthecolorist.Recently,thebrothershavereceivedrequestsfrompotentialclientsacrosstheUnitedStates,aswellasinternationally.Thetwohavenoplanstopartwiththeirpensandpaintbrushesanytimesoon.Theyintendtomakeartindefinitely.4.WhydidCohentrytofindtheposterdesigners?A.Toreachouthandsforthem.B.Toorderasignforhiswife’sstudio.C.Tocollectpostersforhisexhibitions.D.Tolearnthetechniqueofmakingposters.5.HowdidCohenhelpthetwobrothers?A.Headvertisedthemwithposters.B.Hemadeadocumentaryforthem.C.Heintroducedsocialmediatothem.D.Hehousedtheminadowntownapartment.6.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingparagraph4?A.Toshowthetwobrothers’artisticorigins.B.Topresentthetwobrothers’distinctartstyles.C.Toexplainwhythetwobrothers’businessisontherise.D.Toillustratehowthetwobrotherswentthroughtheirtoughyears.7.Whatwillthetwobrothersdonext?A.Carryonwiththeirart.B.Promotetheirartglobally.C.Pursuetheirseparateinterestsinart.D.Attempttousenewtoolstodotheirart.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。本文講述了制作手繪海報(bào)的80多歲的CarlosandMiguelCevallos兩兄弟的故事。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的““Ifoundthembygoingfromrestauranttorestaurantuntiltherewassomeonethathadtheirphonenumber,”Cohen,42,said,addingthathewashopingtoaskthemtocreateasignforhiswife’syogaandPilatesstudioinJacksonHeights.(42歲的科恩說：“我從一家餐廳到另一家餐廳尋找他們，直到有人有他們的電話號(hào)碼?！彼€說，他希望請(qǐng)他們?yōu)樗拮釉诮芸诉d高地的瑜伽普拉提工作室制作一個(gè)標(biāo)牌。)”可知，科恩試圖找到海報(bào)設(shè)計(jì)師是為了給他妻子的工作室定制標(biāo)識(shí)牌。故選B。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“CohenofferedtocreateanInstagramaccountforthebrothers.Theywereonboardwiththeidea.(科恩提出為這對(duì)兄弟創(chuàng)建一個(gè)Instagram賬戶。他們贊成這個(gè)想法。)”可知，科恩通過介紹社交媒體給他們來幫助他們。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Thebrothers,alongwiththeirolderbrother,Victor,openedasignshopinBogotain1966.Victortaughthisyoungerbrothersallheknewaboutart.AfterVictormovedtoNewYorkin1969,hisbrotherseventuallyfollowedhim.Carloscamefirstin1974andproducedposterswithVictorinasmallartstudioinTimesSquare,andlaterinQueens.In2005,MiguelmovedtoNewYork.AfterVictor’sdeathin2012,MiguelandCarloscarriedontheirbrother’slegacy(遺產(chǎn))bycontinuingtomakecustomposters.Migueloutlinesthelettersandimages,andCarlosisthecolorist.(1966年，這對(duì)兄弟和他們的哥哥維克多(Victor)在波哥大開了一家標(biāo)識(shí)店。維克多把他所知道的藝術(shù)都教給了他的弟弟們。1969年維克托搬到紐約后，他的兄弟們也跟著搬到了紐約。1974年，卡洛斯第一次來到這里，和維克多一起在時(shí)代廣場(chǎng)的一個(gè)小藝術(shù)工作室制作海報(bào)，后來在皇后區(qū)。2005年，米格爾搬到了紐約。2012年維克多去世后，米格爾和卡洛斯繼承了他們兄弟的遺產(chǎn)，繼續(xù)制作定制海報(bào)。米格爾勾勒出字母和圖像，卡洛斯是調(diào)色師。)”可知，第四段介紹了兄弟倆制作海報(bào)的家族經(jīng)歷，因此推斷作者寫本段的目的是展示兄弟倆的藝術(shù)起源。故選A。【7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Thetwohavenoplanstopartwiththeirpensandpaintbrushesanytimesoon.Theyintendtomakeartindefinitely.(這兩個(gè)人短期內(nèi)都不打算放棄他們的筆和畫筆。他們打算無限地創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)。)”可知，兩兄弟會(huì)繼續(xù)他們的藝術(shù)。故選A。CHaveyoueverwonderedwhatyourdogseeswhentheystareatyou,oratleastthetreatinyourhand?Well,nowyoucanfindout,asanewinteractivetoolshowsyouhowyourdogandotheranimalsseetheworld.Dogs,cats,birdsandrabbitsallhaveadifferentfieldofvisionandaccesstoadifferentcolorspectrum(色譜).Thenewtoolallowsyoutouploadortakeaphoto,andthenplaceafilter(濾光器)overthetoptotransformitintowhatyouranimalofchoicewouldsee.Atthebackofthehumaneyearephotoreceptors—cellsthatrespondtothelightshiningin.Thesecomeintwotypes,“rods”or“cones”,andwhilerodsaresensitivetomotionandnightvision,theconesareabletodetectcolor.Humanshavethreetypesofconecells,andeachofthesearemostsensitivetoaparticularcolor,eitherred,greenorblue.Dogsonlyhavetwotypesofconeswhicharesensitivetoblueandyellow,meaningtheycanonlyseethesecolorsaswellasshadesofgrey.Thisiscomparabletotheroughlyninepercentofpeoplewithred-greencolorblindness,whichmakesgreenlookmorered.However,dogretinas(視網(wǎng)膜)arerod-heavy,whichiswhytheycanseebetterinthedarkandcandetectmotionalotbetterthanhumans.Dogs’eyesarealsopositionedata20°angleandarealotfurtherapartthanours,whichincreasestheirsurroundingvision.Thisgivesthema240°fieldofvision-largerthanahuman’s180°.Dogscanmakeupforwhattheylackinvisionwiththeirothersenses,liketheirsenseofsmell.Their“olfaction”(嗅覺)isbetween10,000to100,000timesmoreacutethanours,sotheyarestillabletocopewelliftheirvisionfails.8.Whatdoyouneedtofindouthowyoulooklikeinyourdog’seyes?A.aphotoofyourdog,aphotoofyourselfandthenewtool.B.aphotoofyourdogandthenewtool.C.thenewtoolandaphotoofyouandyourdog.D.aphotoofyourselfandthenewtool.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“These”refertoinParagraph4?A.Differenttypesoflight. B.Photoreceptors. C.Dogeyes. D.Humaneyes.10.Whydodogsseebetteratnightthanhumans?A.Theyaremoresensitivetoblueandyellow. B.Theyhavemore“cones”intheirretinas.C.Theyhavemore“rods”intheirretinas. D.Theyhavebettersenseofsmell.11.Howdoestheauthororganizethewholepassage?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bymakingcomparison.C.Bypresentingdata. D.Byputtingforwardquestions.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了狗和人相比，視覺和嗅覺方面的差異?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thenewtoolallowsyoutouploadortakeaphoto,andthenplaceafilter(濾光器)overthetoptotransformitintowhatyouranimalofchoicewouldsee.(這個(gè)新工具允許你上傳或拍攝照片，然后在上面放一個(gè)濾鏡，把它變成你選擇的動(dòng)物會(huì)看到的樣子)”可知，想知道你在狗狗眼中是什么樣子，你需要一張你自己和新工具的照片。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Atthebackofthehumaneyearephotoreceptors—cellsthatrespondtothelightshiningin.(人眼的后部是感光細(xì)胞——對(duì)照射進(jìn)來的光線作出反應(yīng)的細(xì)胞)”以及后文“comeintwotypes,“rods”or“cones””可知，感光細(xì)胞（photoreceptors）有兩種類型，“桿狀”和“錐狀”，故劃線詞指的是“感光細(xì)胞（Photoreceptors）”。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“However,dogretinas(視網(wǎng)膜)arerod-heavy,whichiswhytheycanseebetterinthedarkandcandetectmotionalotbetterthanhumans.(然而，狗的視網(wǎng)膜上有大量的桿狀細(xì)胞，這就是為什么它們?cè)诤诎抵锌吹酶宄⑶夷鼙热祟惛玫靥綔y(cè)到運(yùn)動(dòng))”可知，狗在晚上比人類看得更清楚因?yàn)樗鼈兊囊暰W(wǎng)膜上有更多的“視桿細(xì)胞”。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Humanshavethreetypesofconecells,andeachofthesearemostsensitivetoaparticularcolor,eitherred,greenorblue.Dogsonlyhavetwotypesofconeswhicharesensitivetoblueandyellow,meaningtheycanonlyseethesecolorsaswellasshadesofgrey.(人類有三種類型的視錐細(xì)胞，每一種都對(duì)一種特定的顏色最敏感，要么是紅色，要么是綠色，要么是藍(lán)色。狗只有兩種視錐細(xì)胞，它們對(duì)藍(lán)色和黃色很敏感，這意味著它們只能看到這兩種顏色以及灰色)”；倒數(shù)第二段“However,dogretinas(視網(wǎng)膜)arerod-heavy,whichiswhytheycanseebetterinthedarkandcandetectmotionalotbetterthanhumans.Dogs’eyesarealsopositionedata20°angleandarealotfurtherapartthanours,whichincreasestheirsurroundingvision.Thisgivesthema240°fieldofvision-largerthanahuman’s180°.(然而，狗的視網(wǎng)膜有大量的視桿，這就是為什么它們?cè)诤诎抵锌吹酶宄?，并且能比人類更好地探測(cè)到運(yùn)動(dòng)。狗的眼睛也以20°的角度定位，比我們的眼睛分開得更遠(yuǎn)，這增加了他們周圍的視野。這使它們擁有240°的視野，比人類的180°視野要大)”以及最后一段“Their“olfaction”(嗅覺)isbetween10,000to100,000timesmoreacutethanours,sotheyarestillabletocopewelliftheirvisionfails.(它們的“嗅覺”比人類靈敏1萬到10萬倍，所以即使視力衰退，它們也能很好地應(yīng)對(duì))”可推知，作者通過比較組織整篇文章。故選B。DTheoldsaying“Useitorloseit”doesn’tseemtobetruewhenitcomestosomeone’sabilitytopreserveanduseaforeignlanguage,anewstudyhasshowed.Theresearchteamtaskedalmost500BritishpeoplewhohadtakenFrenchGCSEorA-levelbetweenthe1970sand2020withcompletingaFrenchvocabularyandgrammartest.TheyincludedasurveyofwhetherparticipantshadusedtheirFrenchknowledgeovertheyearssincetheirexams,andexcluded(排除)anyonewhohadstudiedalanguagelateroninlife.Theyfoundthatparticipantswhohadtakentheirexam50yearsagoandnotusedFrencheversinceperformedaswellasasrecentschoolleaversandthosewhooccasionallyusedFrench.LeadresearcherMonikaSchmidsaid:“Theknowledgeoflanguageissurprisinglystableoverlongperiodsoftime,comparedtoothersubjectssuchasmaths,historyorscience.Thisislikelybecauseofthewaylanguageisstoredinmemory.Vocabularyismemorizedinthesamewaythatfacts,datesandnamesare,whilethismemorymaybecomeweakerovertime,andgrammarislearnedinasimilarwaytoridingabike,akindofmusclememory,whichismuchmorestable.Vocabularyknowledgeontheotherhand,existsinahighlyconnectednetwork,whichmeansthatweneedonlyberemindedofawordthatsoundssimilartoaforeignlanguagewordforourbraintorecallit.”“Manypeoplearenotwillingtorevisitlanguagestheyoncelearntastheyfeartheywillbeforcedtorelivesomeofthemore‘boring’elementsofthecourses,suchasgrammar,butourworksuggeststhatthiswouldnotbenecessary.Wehopethatitmightencouragemorepeopletopickforeignlanguagesbackupiftheyknowitwouldonlytakeashortamountoftimeinrefresherlessonstogobacktotheiroriginallevel,”Schmidadded.12.Whatdidtheresearchersasktheparticipantstodo?A.TakeaFrenchexam.B.ConductasurveyinFrench.C.LearnFrenchfromrecentschoolleavers.D.TalkabouttheirFrenchGCSEexperience.13.Whatcanhelpusrecallaforeignword?A.Afactrelatedtoit. B.Ourmusclememory.C.Asimilar-soundingword. D.Thegrammarofthelanguage.14.WhatcanweinferfromSchmid’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Oneisabletoquicklyandeasilytolearnanewlanguage.B.Yearsofusepromisesfluencyinaforeignlanguage.C.Theboringelementsofalanguagecourseareimportant.D.Itiseasierthanonethinkstopickaforeignlanguagebackup.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.LanguageTestsTakenatSchoolMatterB.IfYouDon’tUseaLanguage,YouLoseItC.KnowledgeofForeignLanguagesLastsaLifetimeD.WhenYouGrasptheGrammar,YouLearntheLanguage【答案】12.A13.C14.A15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是研究發(fā)現(xiàn)在保存和使用語言的能力方面，“非用即失”的說法似乎并不正確?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theresearchteamtaskedalmost500BritishpeoplewhohadtakenFrenchGCSEorA-levelbetweenthe1970sand2020withcompletingaFrenchvocabularyandgrammartest.(研究小組要求近500名在20世紀(jì)70年代至2020年間參加過法語GCSE或a-level考試的英國人完成法語詞匯和語法測(cè)試。)”可知，研究團(tuán)隊(duì)要求研究參與者完成法語詞匯和語法測(cè)試，由此可知，研究者要求參與者參加法語測(cè)試。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Vocabularyknowledgeontheotherhand,existsinahighlyconnectednetwork,whichmeansthatweneedonlyberemindedofawordthatsoundssimilartoaforeignlanguagewordforourbraintorecallit.(另一方面，詞匯知識(shí)存在于一個(gè)高度連接的網(wǎng)絡(luò)中，這意味著我們只需要被提醒一個(gè)聽起來與外語單詞相似的單詞，我們的大腦就能記住它。)”可知，根據(jù)首席研究員莫妮卡·施密德說，人們只需要被提醒一個(gè)聽起來與外語單詞相似的單詞，我們的大腦就能記住它，由此可知，被提醒一個(gè)聽起來與外語單詞相似的單詞，我們就能回憶出這個(gè)外語詞匯。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段““Manypeoplearenotwillingtorevisitlanguagestheyoncelearntastheyfeartheywillbeforcedtorelivesomeofthemore‘boring’elementsofthecourses,suchasgrammar,butourworksuggeststhatthiswouldnotbenecessary.Wehopethatitmightencouragemorepeopletopickforeignlanguagesbackupiftheyknowitwouldonlytakeashortamountoftimeinrefresherlessonstogobacktotheiroriginallevel,”Schmidadded.(“許多人不愿意重新學(xué)習(xí)他們?cè)?jīng)學(xué)過的語言，因?yàn)樗麄儞?dān)心他們會(huì)被迫重溫課程中一些更‘無聊’的元素，比如語法，但我們的研究表明，這是沒有必要的。我們希望如果他們知道只需要很短的復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)間就能回到原來的水平，這能鼓勵(lì)更多的人重新學(xué)習(xí)外語，”施密德補(bǔ)充道。)”可知，施密德認(rèn)為，如果他們知道只需要很短的復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)間就能回到原來的水平，這能鼓勵(lì)更多的人重新學(xué)習(xí)外語，由此可知，一個(gè)人只需要很短的復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)間就能夠重新學(xué)習(xí)這門外語。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段中的“Theoldsaying“Useitorloseit”doesn’tseemtobetruewhenitcomestosomeone’sabilitytopreserveanduseaforeignlanguage,anewstudyhasshowed.(一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，當(dāng)涉及到一個(gè)人保存和使用外語的能力時(shí)，“非用即廢”這句老話似乎并不正確。)”可知，本文介紹的是一項(xiàng)研究表明，“非用即廢”這句老話在一個(gè)人保存和使用語言的能力方面似乎不正確，結(jié)合下文中對(duì)該研究的過程的介紹以及對(duì)研究結(jié)果的分析以及第四段中的“Theknowledgeoflanguageissurprisinglystableoverlongperiodsoftime,comparedtoothersubjectssuchasmaths,historyorscience.Thisislikelybecauseofthewaylanguageisstoredinmemory.(與數(shù)學(xué)、歷史或科學(xué)等其他學(xué)科相比，語言知識(shí)在很長一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的穩(wěn)定性令人驚訝。)”可知，人們?cè)诤芏嗄旰蟛皇褂靡郧皩W(xué)過的語言，其語言知識(shí)在很長一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的能持有相當(dāng)?shù)姆€(wěn)定性，所以題目“外語知識(shí)受用一生”與本文的內(nèi)容一致，且概括了本文的主題，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。FourWaystoBeattheMondayBluesAreyoufeelingdownbecausetheweekendisalmostover?Takeiteasy,andyoucantrythefollowingwaystohelpyouovercometheMondayBlues.Makealistforyournextweek.Insteadoffocusingondifficulttasksthatlayaheadofyou,thinkaboutallthegoodtocome.____16____Agoodplacetostartistothinkofonethingyouareexcitedaboutforeachcategory:atwork,afterwork,andattheweekend.Ifit’shardtocomeupwiththreethingstolookforwardto,getplanningASAP!We’renottalkingaboutanythingdifficult,justsimplethingsthatupliftyoulikemeetingafriendforcoffee.____17____Sleephasatremendouseffectonourmood.AccordingtoHarvardMedicalSchool,“poororinadequatesleepcancausestress,whilehealthysleepcanenhancewell-being.”So,ifyoufindyourselfalittlemoreshort-temperedthannormal,sleepmaybetheanswer.____18____It’sworthtakingthisintoaccountonSundaytoavoidalackofenergyonaMondaymorning.Chooseyourfavoriteclothes.____19____Infact,psychologistsconcludethatthestronglinkbetweenclothingandmoodsuggestsweshouldputonclothesthatweassociatewithhappiness,evenwhenfeelinglow.Inshort,wearingwhateveryoulikeonMondaymakesyoufeelgreat!Arrangesomeeasytasks.Afteraweekendoffunandtakingiteasy,itmightbebesttokeepMonday’sschedulealittlelighterthanotherdays.Thisdoesn’tmeansittingaroundanddrowninginyourblues.ItmeansthatinsteadoffacingthemostcomplicatedstuffonaMonday,putsometimeintotheeasiertasks.____20____A.Formaroutineofdailylife.B.GotobedearlyonSundaynight.CDon’tunderestimatethepowerofasuit.D.ReduceMondayBluesbyallowingyourselftodoMondaywithease.E.PuttinglesspressureonyourselfisagoodwaytobeattheMondayBlues.F.Takeanaptoenergizeorgettobedearliertonighttomakeupforlostsleep.G.Makealistbywritingoutsomethingsthatyouarecurrentlylookingforwardto.【答案】16.G17.B18.F19.C20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些避免周一抑郁的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Insteadoffocusingondifficulttasksthatlayaheadofyou,thinkaboutallthegoodtocome.(不要把注意力集中在擺在你面前的困難任務(wù)上，想想所有美好的事情)”以及后文“Agoodplacetostartistothinkofonethingyouareexcitedaboutforeachcategory:atwork,afterwork,andattheweekend.Ifit’shardtocomeupwiththreethingstolookforwardto,getplanningASAP!We’renottalkingaboutanythingdifficult,justsimplethingsthatupliftyoulikemeetingafriendforcoffee.(一個(gè)好的開始是在每個(gè)類別中想一件讓你興奮的事情：工作時(shí)，下班后和周末。如果很難想出三件值得期待的事情，那就盡快計(jì)劃吧!我們不是在談?wù)撊魏卫щy的事情，只是一些簡單的事情，比如和朋友一起喝咖啡)”可知，上文提到想想所有美好的事情，后文則提到想一件讓你興奮的事情。由此可知，本句主要說明列出期待的事情，故G選項(xiàng)“列一張清單，寫下你目前期待的事情”符合語境，故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Sleephasatremendouseffectonourmood.AccordingtoHarvardMedicalSchool,“poororinadequatesleepcancausestress,whilehealthysleepcanenhancewell-being.”So,ifyoufindyourselfalittlemoreshort-temperedthannormal,sleepmaybetheanswer.(睡眠對(duì)我們情緒有很大的影響。根據(jù)哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院的說法，“睡眠不好或不足會(huì)導(dǎo)致壓力，而健康的睡眠可以增強(qiáng)幸福感?！彼?，如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己比平時(shí)脾氣更暴躁，睡覺可能是答案)”可知，本段主要是針對(duì)睡覺提出建議。由此可知，B選項(xiàng)“星期天晚上早點(diǎn)睡覺”符合語境，故選B。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“So,ifyoufindyourselfalittlemoreshort-temperedthannormal,sleepmaybetheanswer.(所以，如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己比平時(shí)脾氣更暴躁，睡覺可能是答案)”以及后文“It’sworthtakingthisintoaccountonSundaytoavoidalackofenergyonaMondaymorning.(為了避免周一早上精力不足，這一點(diǎn)在周日是值得考慮的)”可知，本句主要是針對(duì)避免周一精力不足而提出的建議，且與睡眠有關(guān)。由此可知，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“打個(gè)盹來補(bǔ)充能量，或者今晚早點(diǎn)上床睡覺來彌補(bǔ)失去的睡眠”符合語境，故選F?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Infact,psychologistsconcludethatthestronglinkbetweenclothingandmoodsuggestsweshouldputonclothesthatweassociatewithhappiness,evenwhenfeelinglow.Inshort,wearingwhateveryoulikeonMondaymakesyoufeelgreat!(事實(shí)上，心理學(xué)家得出結(jié)論，衣服和情緒之間的緊密聯(lián)系表明，即使情緒低落，我們也應(yīng)該穿上與快樂有關(guān)的衣服。簡而言之，周一穿你喜歡的衣服會(huì)讓你感覺很棒！)”可知，本段主要說明了服裝可以影響情緒，即衣服也存在力量。由此可知，C選項(xiàng)“不要低估衣服的力量”符合語境，故選C?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“ItmeansthatinsteadoffacingthemostcomplicatedstuffonaMonday,putsometimeintotheeasiertasks.(這意味著與其在周一面對(duì)最復(fù)雜的事情，不如把時(shí)間花在更容易的任務(wù)上)”可知，上文建議做更容易的任務(wù)，即度過一個(gè)放松的周一。由此可知，D選項(xiàng)“減少“周一抑郁”，讓自己輕松度過周一”符合語境，故選D。第三部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。MembersoftheHuntingtonStation-basedGirlScoutTroop239areworkingtowardstheirgoals.Theyare____21____hundredsofpoundsofplasticcapsandlids(蓋子)torecycleand____22____benches(長椅).“Whatwereallywanttodoisusethis____23____asavehiclefordevelopingthegirls’teamspiritandalsoeducatingthepublicabouttheimportanceof____24____,”ChristineReilly,troopleader,said.“Themessageisthatsomethingthatyoumightotherwisehave____25____canberecycledintosomethingthatcanhavea(n)____26____effect.”Thetroophasalreadygatheredup400pounds.“Manyfamiliescollectedforus,____27____severallocalbusinessesandschools,”saidReilly.“Thesupporthasbeen____28____.”Throughouttheproject,membersofthetroopsortthroughplasticcapsandlidstomakesuretheyare____29____,cleanthem,andputtheminbagstobe_____30_____toGreenTreePlastics,wheretheyaremeltedandtransformedintobenches.Thebencheswillbedonatedtolocal_____31_____tobeusedasfriendshipbenches,whereastudentcansitifhehasno_____32_____toplaywithtoencourageotherstudentsto_____33_____him.“Therearesomekidsthatdon’tseemtofitin,andthebenchcanbeahelpinghandforthem,”Reillysaid.Eachbenchwillbe6feetlong.Aboardwillbeputinfront_____34_____thatthebenchismadefromplasticcapsandlids_____35_____byGirlScoutTroop239.21.A.collecting B.producing C.designing D.delivering22.A.coverup B.changeinto C.fixup D.attachto23.A.standard B.competition C.project D.example24.A.recycle B.creativity C.communication D.exercise25.A.leftbehind B.putaway C.thrownaway D.missedout26.A.immediate B.positive C.indirect D.practical27.A.insteadof B.exceptfor C.accordingto D.aswellas28.A.enjoyable B.capable C.affordable D.unbelievable29.A.usable B.original C.comfortable D.special30.A.introduced B.applied C.related D.shipped31.A.parks B.hospitals C.stores D.schools32A.toys B.families C.companions D.teachers33.A.punish B.include C.rescue D.chase34.A.admitting B.advertising C.explaining D.ensuring35.A.contributed B.made C.found D.paid【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.A25.C26.B27.D28.D29.A30.D31.D32.C33.B34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了亨廷頓站的第239女童子軍利用收集的塑料瓶蓋制作長椅，捐獻(xiàn)給當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校用于幫助沒有伙伴的同學(xué)找到朋友的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她們正在收集數(shù)百磅的塑料瓶蓋，然后回收再利用，做成長椅。A.collecting收集；B.producing生產(chǎn)；C.designing設(shè)計(jì)；D.delivering遞送。根據(jù)后文“Manyfamiliescollectedforus”可知，許多家庭為第239女童子軍進(jìn)行塑料瓶蓋的收集，可知他們正在收集數(shù)百磅的塑料瓶蓋。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：她們正在收集數(shù)百磅的塑料瓶蓋，然后回收再利用，變成長椅。