河南省開封市等2地2023-2024學年高二上學期1月期末英語試題【含答案解析】

2023—2024學年第一學期期末調研試卷高二英語本試卷分第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分。共150分，考試時間120分鐘?？忌鞔饡r，將答案答在答題卡上(答題注意事項見答題卡)，在本試題卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y束后，將本試題卷和答題卡一并交回。第Ⅰ卷(選擇題，共95分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面：5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatistherelationshipbetweenMissBrownandHarryHill?A.Workmates.B.Husbandandwife.C.Teacherandstudent.2.WhatdoesthewomandislikeaboutMcDonald’s?A.Theservice.B.Theunhealthyfood.C.Thenoisyenvironment.3.Whatarethespeakersprobablytalkingabout?A.Buyingahouse.B.Findingahotel.C.Buyingacar!4.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Leave.B.Sitdown.C.Stand.5.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Goout.B.Stayinbed.C.Gotowork.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或讀白，每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘。聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至第8題。6.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Husbandandwife.7.Whydoesthewomanthinksheisill?A.Shecouldn’tsleepatnight.B.Sheistiredinthedaytime.C.BothAand8.What’sthewomanworriedabout?A.Herexams.B.Herwork.C.Hermother聽第7段材料，回答第9至11題。9.Whatdidthemanlooklikewhenthewomancamesolate?A.Hewascalm.B.Hewasabitangry.C.Hewaspitiful.10.Whatdaywasitwhentheconversationtookplace?A.ItwasSaturday.B.ItwasSunday.C.ItwasThursday.11.Whenshouldtheappointmentbe?A.Morethananhourago.B.Twohoursago.C.Halfanhourago.聽第8段材料，回答第12至14題。12.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.WhenthemansurfstheWeb.B.Howthemanlooksupinformationonline.C.WhatthemandoesontheInternet.13.Whichofthefollowingdoesthemanprefer?A.Doinge-mailingontheInternet.BWritingrealletters.C.Lookingthroughbooksinlibraries.14.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hehasneversentanye-mails.B.HeshowsnointerestintheWeb.C.HegetssomehelpfromtheInternet.聽第9段材料，回答第15至17題。15.Wherearethetwospeakers?A.Inaconcerthall.B.InanancientpalaceC.Inamodemmuseum.16.Whatdoesthemanlikebestinthisplace?A.Thelights.B.Thepaintings.C.Thecolors.17.Whatdoweknowaboutthetwospeakers?A.Theyarehavingagoodtime.B.Theywishtobecomerichsoon.C.They’reuninterestedinupper-classlife.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Howdothecheerleadersperformtheirjobs?A.Theysetofffireworks.B.Theyputonathleticshows.C.Theyrunaroundthecrowds.19.Whydothecheerleaderssometimessufferphysicalinjuries?A.Becausetheyshoutandyell.B.Becausetheydancetoomuch.C.Becausetheytrydangerousacts.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Cheerleadingisjustforfun.B.Cheerleadershavemonthlycontests.C.Cheerleadingissomethinglikesports.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ANowadaysrobotsaretakingtheworldofsportsbystorm,fromthesix-leggedskiertothepingpongaceandtheexpertcurler.Four-leggedrobotgoalkeeperMiniCheetah,afour-leggedrobot,wastrainedupbyscientistsattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley’sHybridRoboticsLab.Therobotcanhandlearangeofthrownandkickedshotsfromhumans.Itcansquat,jump,sidestepanddivetostopshots.Itcansave87.5percentofshotstakenongoal,comparedtotheaverageforhumankeepersofaround69percent.Google’sping-pongarmGoogle’sping-pongrobotarmrecentlycompletedanepic340-shotrally(對打)withahuman.Thearmplays“cooperatively”togetagoodrallygoing,butaccordingtoGoogleitsskillscouldbebuiltuptomatchthelevelofaserioushumancompetitor.Researcherswantedtotrainitupinasimulationsoitcouldplaywithhumansintherealworld.China’sbadmintonbotInChina,researchershavecreatedarobotcalledtheRobomintonerthatcanplaybadmintonagainsthumancompetitors.Themachinelooksabitlikealawnmower(割草機),butitfirmlygripsitsbadmintonracketjustlikeanyhumanplayerwould.Italsogetssufficientpowerintotheshuttlecockusingaswiftflickingmotion,andzipsaroundthecourtonfourwheels.ExpertskierAlsoinChina,expertsfromtheShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitycreatedaskiingrobotthatcancontrolitsowndescentdownasnowyslope.Themachinestandswithtwolegsoneachskiandgripsskipoleswithitsmiddlelegs,whichitcanmanoeuvre(操縱)tocontroldirection.Therobotcanstayupright,turnandavoidcrashingtopeople.Itisalsocapableofskiingatmorethan30feetpersecondacrossa1,300-footcourseonan18-degreeslope.1.Whichofthefollowingistrueabout“thefour-leggedrobotgoalkeeper"?A.Itcanjumpanddivetoavoidshots.B.ItwastrainedupbyexpertsfromtheShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity.C.Researcherswantedtotrainitupsothatitcouldplaywithhumansintherealworld.D.Itcanactasagoalkeeperanddealwithshotsfromhumans.2.WhatdoGoogle’sping-pongrobotarmandRobomintonerhaveincommon?A.Theyarebothaboutrobotsonfourwheels.B.Theycanplayagainsthumancompetitors.C.TheyarecreatedbyChineseresearchers.D.Theylookabitlikealawnmower.3.Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A.Aculturemagazine. B.Areport.C.Asciencenewspaper. D.Atextbook.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹幾款從事體育運動的機器人?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由Four-leggedrobotgoalkeeper中“Therobotcanhandlearangeofthrownandkickedshotsfromhumans.Itcansquat,jump,sidestepanddivetostopshots.Itcansave87.5percentofshotstakenongoal,comparedtotheaverageforhumankeepersofaround69percent.(該機器人可以處理一系列來自人類的投擲和踢打。它可以下蹲、跳躍、側步和俯沖來阻止投籃。它可以節(jié)省87.5%的射門次數，而人類守門員的平均射門次數約為69%。)”可知，四條腿的機器人守門員可以充當守門員，處理來自人類的射門。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由Google’sping-pongarm中“Google’sping-pongrobotarmrecentlycompletedanepic340-shotrally(對打)withahuman.(谷歌的乒乓機器人手臂最近與一名人類完成了一場史詩般的340桿拉力賽。)”和“InChina,researchershavecreatedarobotcalledtheRobomintonerthatcanplaybadmintonagainsthumancompetitors.(在中國，研究人員創(chuàng)造了一種名為Robomintoner的機器人，可以與人類選手打羽毛球。)”可知，Google’sping-pongrobotarm和Robomintoner可以與人類競爭對手比賽。故選B項。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第一段“Nowadaysrobotsaretakingtheworldofsportsbystorm,fromthesix-leggedskiertothepingpongaceandtheexpertcurler.(如今，機器人正在席卷體育界，從六條腿的滑雪者到乒乓球名將和專業(yè)的冰壺手。)”以及后文可知，文章主要介紹幾款從事體育運動的機器人，所以這篇文章可能出現在一份科學報紙上。故選C項。BThehand-drawnposterskeptcatchingAviramCohen’seyeashewalkedaroundhisneighborhoodinQueens,N.Y.Theywerecolorfuladvertisementswithadistinctstyle.Cohen,whobuildsexhibitionsinmuseumsandgalleries,waseagertouncoverwhowasbehindtheposters.Itwasn’teasy.“Ifoundthembygoingfromrestauranttorestaurantuntiltherewassomeonethathadtheirphonenumber,”Cohen,42,said,addingthathewashopingtoaskthemtocreateasignforhiswife’syogaandPilatesstudioinJacksonHeights.Whentheartists,CarlosandMiguelCevallos,methimathiswife’sstudiothatdayin2018,Cohenwasshockedtoseetwobrothersintheir80s,whofordecadeshavespenttheirdaysintheirsharedManhattanapartmentmakingadvertisingpostersbyhand.Theyhadlongbeenrelyingonwordofmouthtoattractnewclients.ThenCohensuggestedtheygetonsocialmediatopreservetheirwork.“Itshouldbedocumentedsoitdoesn’tdisappear,”Cohensaid.CohenofferedtocreateanInstagramaccountforthebrothers.Theywereonboardwiththeidea.Thebrothers,alongwiththeirolderbrother,Victor,openedasignshopinBogotain1966.Victortaughthisyoungerbrothersallheknewaboutart.AfterVictormovedtoNewYorkin1969,hisbrotherseventuallyfollowedhim.Carloscamefirstin1974andproducedposterswithVictorinasmallartstudioinTimesSquare,andlaterinQueens.In2005,MiguelmovedtoNewYork.AfterVictor’sdeathin2012,MiguelandCarloscarriedontheirbrother’slegacy(遺產)bycontinuingtomakecustomposters.Migueloutlinesthelettersandimages,andCarlosisthecolorist.Recently,thebrothershavereceivedrequestsfrompotentialclientsacrosstheUnitedStates,aswellasinternationally.Thetwohavenoplanstopartwiththeirpensandpaintbrushesanytimesoon.Theyintendtomakeartindefinitely.4.WhydidCohentrytofindtheposterdesigners?A.Toreachouthandsforthem.B.Toorderasignforhiswife’sstudio.C.Tocollectpostersforhisexhibitions.D.Tolearnthetechniqueofmakingposters.5.HowdidCohenhelpthetwobrothers?A.Headvertisedthemwithposters.B.Hemadeadocumentaryforthem.C.Heintroducedsocialmediatothem.D.Hehousedtheminadowntownapartment.6.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingparagraph4?A.Toshowthetwobrothers’artisticorigins.B.Topresentthetwobrothers’distinctartstyles.C.Toexplainwhythetwobrothers’businessisontherise.D.Toillustratehowthetwobrotherswentthroughtheirtoughyears.7.Whatwillthetwobrothersdonext?A.Carryonwiththeirart.B.Promotetheirartglobally.C.Pursuetheirseparateinterestsinart.D.Attempttousenewtoolstodotheirart.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.A【解析】【導語】本文是記敘文。本文講述了制作手繪海報的80多歲的CarlosandMiguelCevallos兩兄弟的故事?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段的““Ifoundthembygoingfromrestauranttorestaurantuntiltherewassomeonethathadtheirphonenumber,”Cohen,42,said,addingthathewashopingtoaskthemtocreateasignforhiswife’syogaandPilatesstudioinJacksonHeights.(42歲的科恩說：“我從一家餐廳到另一家餐廳尋找他們，直到有人有他們的電話號碼?！彼€說，他希望請他們?yōu)樗拮釉诮芸诉d高地的瑜伽普拉提工作室制作一個標牌。)”可知，科恩試圖找到海報設計師是為了給他妻子的工作室定制標識牌。故選B。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段的“CohenofferedtocreateanInstagramaccountforthebrothers.Theywereonboardwiththeidea.(科恩提出為這對兄弟創(chuàng)建一個Instagram賬戶。他們贊成這個想法。)”可知，科恩通過介紹社交媒體給他們來幫助他們。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第四段“Thebrothers,alongwiththeirolderbrother,Victor,openedasignshopinBogotain1966.Victortaughthisyoungerbrothersallheknewaboutart.AfterVictormovedtoNewYorkin1969,hisbrotherseventuallyfollowedhim.Carloscamefirstin1974andproducedposterswithVictorinasmallartstudioinTimesSquare,andlaterinQueens.In2005,MiguelmovedtoNewYork.AfterVictor’sdeathin2012,MiguelandCarloscarriedontheirbrother’slegacy(遺產)bycontinuingtomakecustomposters.Migueloutlinesthelettersandimages,andCarlosisthecolorist.(1966年，這對兄弟和他們的哥哥維克多(Victor)在波哥大開了一家標識店。維克多把他所知道的藝術都教給了他的弟弟們。1969年維克托搬到紐約后，他的兄弟們也跟著搬到了紐約。1974年，卡洛斯第一次來到這里，和維克多一起在時代廣場的一個小藝術工作室制作海報，后來在皇后區(qū)。2005年，米格爾搬到了紐約。2012年維克多去世后，米格爾和卡洛斯繼承了他們兄弟的遺產，繼續(xù)制作定制海報。米格爾勾勒出字母和圖像，卡洛斯是調色師。)”可知，第四段介紹了兄弟倆制作海報的家族經歷，因此推斷作者寫本段的目的是展示兄弟倆的藝術起源。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段的“Thetwohavenoplanstopartwiththeirpensandpaintbrushesanytimesoon.Theyintendtomakeartindefinitely.(這兩個人短期內都不打算放棄他們的筆和畫筆。他們打算無限地創(chuàng)作藝術。)”可知，兩兄弟會繼續(xù)他們的藝術。故選A。CHaveyoueverwonderedwhatyourdogseeswhentheystareatyou,oratleastthetreatinyourhand?Well,nowyoucanfindout,asanewinteractivetoolshowsyouhowyourdogandotheranimalsseetheworld.Dogs,cats,birdsandrabbitsallhaveadifferentfieldofvisionandaccesstoadifferentcolorspectrum(色譜).Thenewtoolallowsyoutouploadortakeaphoto,andthenplaceafilter(濾光器)overthetoptotransformitintowhatyouranimalofchoicewouldsee.Atthebackofthehumaneyearephotoreceptors—cellsthatrespondtothelightshiningin.Thesecomeintwotypes,“rods”or“cones”,andwhilerodsaresensitivetomotionandnightvision,theconesareabletodetectcolor.Humanshavethreetypesofconecells,andeachofthesearemostsensitivetoaparticularcolor,eitherred,greenorblue.Dogsonlyhavetwotypesofconeswhicharesensitivetoblueandyellow,meaningtheycanonlyseethesecolorsaswellasshadesofgrey.Thisiscomparabletotheroughlyninepercentofpeoplewithred-greencolorblindness,whichmakesgreenlookmorered.However,dogretinas(視網膜)arerod-heavy,whichiswhytheycanseebetterinthedarkandcandetectmotionalotbetterthanhumans.Dogs’eyesarealsopositionedata20°angleandarealotfurtherapartthanours,whichincreasestheirsurroundingvision.Thisgivesthema240°fieldofvision-largerthanahuman’s180°.Dogscanmakeupforwhattheylackinvisionwiththeirothersenses,liketheirsenseofsmell.Their“olfaction”(嗅覺)isbetween10,000to100,000timesmoreacutethanours,sotheyarestillabletocopewelliftheirvisionfails.8.Whatdoyouneedtofindouthowyoulooklikeinyourdog’seyes?A.aphotoofyourdog,aphotoofyourselfandthenewtool.B.aphotoofyourdogandthenewtool.C.thenewtoolandaphotoofyouandyourdog.D.aphotoofyourselfandthenewtool.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“These”refertoinParagraph4?A.Differenttypesoflight. B.Photoreceptors. C.Dogeyes. D.Humaneyes.10.Whydodogsseebetteratnightthanhumans?A.Theyaremoresensitivetoblueandyellow. B.Theyhavemore“cones”intheirretinas.C.Theyhavemore“rods”intheirretinas. D.Theyhavebettersenseofsmell.11.Howdoestheauthororganizethewholepassage?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bymakingcomparison.C.Bypresentingdata. D.Byputtingforwardquestions.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了狗和人相比，視覺和嗅覺方面的差異?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段“Thenewtoolallowsyoutouploadortakeaphoto,andthenplaceafilter(濾光器)overthetoptotransformitintowhatyouranimalofchoicewouldsee.(這個新工具允許你上傳或拍攝照片，然后在上面放一個濾鏡，把它變成你選擇的動物會看到的樣子)”可知，想知道你在狗狗眼中是什么樣子，你需要一張你自己和新工具的照片。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據劃線詞上文“Atthebackofthehumaneyearephotoreceptors—cellsthatrespondtothelightshiningin.(人眼的后部是感光細胞——對照射進來的光線作出反應的細胞)”以及后文“comeintwotypes,“rods”or“cones””可知，感光細胞（photoreceptors）有兩種類型，“桿狀”和“錐狀”，故劃線詞指的是“感光細胞（Photoreceptors）”。故選B。【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數第二段“However,dogretinas(視網膜)arerod-heavy,whichiswhytheycanseebetterinthedarkandcandetectmotionalotbetterthanhumans.(然而，狗的視網膜上有大量的桿狀細胞，這就是為什么它們在黑暗中看得更清楚，并且能比人類更好地探測到運動)”可知，狗在晚上比人類看得更清楚因為它們的視網膜上有更多的“視桿細胞”。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第四段“Humanshavethreetypesofconecells,andeachofthesearemostsensitivetoaparticularcolor,eitherred,greenorblue.Dogsonlyhavetwotypesofconeswhicharesensitivetoblueandyellow,meaningtheycanonlyseethesecolorsaswellasshadesofgrey.(人類有三種類型的視錐細胞，每一種都對一種特定的顏色最敏感，要么是紅色，要么是綠色，要么是藍色。狗只有兩種視錐細胞，它們對藍色和黃色很敏感，這意味著它們只能看到這兩種顏色以及灰色)”；倒數第二段“However,dogretinas(視網膜)arerod-heavy,whichiswhytheycanseebetterinthedarkandcandetectmotionalotbetterthanhumans.Dogs’eyesarealsopositionedata20°angleandarealotfurtherapartthanours,whichincreasestheirsurroundingvision.Thisgivesthema240°fieldofvision-largerthanahuman’s180°.(然而，狗的視網膜有大量的視桿，這就是為什么它們在黑暗中看得更清楚，并且能比人類更好地探測到運動。狗的眼睛也以20°的角度定位，比我們的眼睛分開得更遠，這增加了他們周圍的視野。這使它們擁有240°的視野，比人類的180°視野要大)”以及最后一段“Their“olfaction”(嗅覺)isbetween10,000to100,000timesmoreacutethanours,sotheyarestillabletocopewelliftheirvisionfails.(它們的“嗅覺”比人類靈敏1萬到10萬倍，所以即使視力衰退，它們也能很好地應對)”可推知，作者通過比較組織整篇文章。故選B。DTheoldsaying“Useitorloseit”doesn’tseemtobetruewhenitcomestosomeone’sabilitytopreserveanduseaforeignlanguage,anewstudyhasshowed.Theresearchteamtaskedalmost500BritishpeoplewhohadtakenFrenchGCSEorA-levelbetweenthe1970sand2020withcompletingaFrenchvocabularyandgrammartest.TheyincludedasurveyofwhetherparticipantshadusedtheirFrenchknowledgeovertheyearssincetheirexams,andexcluded(排除)anyonewhohadstudiedalanguagelateroninlife.Theyfoundthatparticipantswhohadtakentheirexam50yearsagoandnotusedFrencheversinceperformedaswellasasrecentschoolleaversandthosewhooccasionallyusedFrench.LeadresearcherMonikaSchmidsaid:“Theknowledgeoflanguageissurprisinglystableoverlongperiodsoftime,comparedtoothersubjectssuchasmaths,historyorscience.Thisislikelybecauseofthewaylanguageisstoredinmemory.Vocabularyismemorizedinthesamewaythatfacts,datesandnamesare,whilethismemorymaybecomeweakerovertime,andgrammarislearnedinasimilarwaytoridingabike,akindofmusclememory,whichismuchmorestable.Vocabularyknowledgeontheotherhand,existsinahighlyconnectednetwork,whichmeansthatweneedonlyberemindedofawordthatsoundssimilartoaforeignlanguagewordforourbraintorecallit.”“Manypeoplearenotwillingtorevisitlanguagestheyoncelearntastheyfeartheywillbeforcedtorelivesomeofthemore‘boring’elementsofthecourses,suchasgrammar,butourworksuggeststhatthiswouldnotbenecessary.Wehopethatitmightencouragemorepeopletopickforeignlanguagesbackupiftheyknowitwouldonlytakeashortamountoftimeinrefresherlessonstogobacktotheiroriginallevel,”Schmidadded.12.Whatdidtheresearchersasktheparticipantstodo?A.TakeaFrenchexam.B.ConductasurveyinFrench.C.LearnFrenchfromrecentschoolleavers.D.TalkabouttheirFrenchGCSEexperience.13.Whatcanhelpusrecallaforeignword?A.Afactrelatedtoit. B.Ourmusclememory.C.Asimilar-soundingword. D.Thegrammarofthelanguage.14.WhatcanweinferfromSchmid’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Oneisabletoquicklyandeasilytolearnanewlanguage.B.Yearsofusepromisesfluencyinaforeignlanguage.C.Theboringelementsofalanguagecourseareimportant.D.Itiseasierthanonethinkstopickaforeignlanguagebackup.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.LanguageTestsTakenatSchoolMatterB.IfYouDon’tUseaLanguage,YouLoseItC.KnowledgeofForeignLanguagesLastsaLifetimeD.WhenYouGrasptheGrammar,YouLearntheLanguage【答案】12.A13.C14.A15.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是研究發(fā)現在保存和使用語言的能力方面，“非用即失”的說法似乎并不正確?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中的“Theresearchteamtaskedalmost500BritishpeoplewhohadtakenFrenchGCSEorA-levelbetweenthe1970sand2020withcompletingaFrenchvocabularyandgrammartest.(研究小組要求近500名在20世紀70年代至2020年間參加過法語GCSE或a-level考試的英國人完成法語詞匯和語法測試。)”可知，研究團隊要求研究參與者完成法語詞匯和語法測試，由此可知，研究者要求參與者參加法語測試。故選A項。【13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段中的“Vocabularyknowledgeontheotherhand,existsinahighlyconnectednetwork,whichmeansthatweneedonlyberemindedofawordthatsoundssimilartoaforeignlanguagewordforourbraintorecallit.(另一方面，詞匯知識存在于一個高度連接的網絡中，這意味著我們只需要被提醒一個聽起來與外語單詞相似的單詞，我們的大腦就能記住它。)”可知，根據首席研究員莫妮卡·施密德說，人們只需要被提醒一個聽起來與外語單詞相似的單詞，我們的大腦就能記住它，由此可知，被提醒一個聽起來與外語單詞相似的單詞，我們就能回憶出這個外語詞匯。故選C項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據尾段““Manypeoplearenotwillingtorevisitlanguagestheyoncelearntastheyfeartheywillbeforcedtorelivesomeofthemore‘boring’elementsofthecourses,suchasgrammar,butourworksuggeststhatthiswouldnotbenecessary.Wehopethatitmightencouragemorepeopletopickforeignlanguagesbackupiftheyknowitwouldonlytakeashortamountoftimeinrefresherlessonstogobacktotheiroriginallevel,”Schmidadded.(“許多人不愿意重新學習他們曾經學過的語言，因為他們擔心他們會被迫重溫課程中一些更‘無聊’的元素，比如語法，但我們的研究表明，這是沒有必要的。我們希望如果他們知道只需要很短的復習時間就能回到原來的水平，這能鼓勵更多的人重新學習外語，”施密德補充道。)”可知，施密德認為，如果他們知道只需要很短的復習時間就能回到原來的水平，這能鼓勵更多的人重新學習外語，由此可知，一個人只需要很短的復習時間就能夠重新學習這門外語。故選A項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據首段中的“Theoldsaying“Useitorloseit”doesn’tseemtobetruewhenitcomestosomeone’sabilitytopreserveanduseaforeignlanguage,anewstudyhasshowed.(一項新的研究表明，當涉及到一個人保存和使用外語的能力時，“非用即廢”這句老話似乎并不正確。)”可知，本文介紹的是一項研究表明，“非用即廢”這句老話在一個人保存和使用語言的能力方面似乎不正確，結合下文中對該研究的過程的介紹以及對研究結果的分析以及第四段中的“Theknowledgeoflanguageissurprisinglystableoverlongperiodsoftime,comparedtoothersubjectssuchasmaths,historyorscience.Thisislikelybecauseofthewaylanguageisstoredinmemory.(與數學、歷史或科學等其他學科相比，語言知識在很長一段時間內的穩(wěn)定性令人驚訝。)”可知，人們在很多年后不使用以前學過的語言，其語言知識在很長一段時間內的能持有相當的穩(wěn)定性，所以題目“外語知識受用一生”與本文的內容一致，且概括了本文的主題，適合作為最佳標題。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。FourWaystoBeattheMondayBluesAreyoufeelingdownbecausetheweekendisalmostover?Takeiteasy,andyoucantrythefollowingwaystohelpyouovercometheMondayBlues.Makealistforyournextweek.Insteadoffocusingondifficulttasksthatlayaheadofyou,thinkaboutallthegoodtocome.____16____Agoodplacetostartistothinkofonethingyouareexcitedaboutforeachcategory:atwork,afterwork,andattheweekend.Ifit’shardtocomeupwiththreethingstolookforwardto,getplanningASAP!We’renottalkingaboutanythingdifficult,justsimplethingsthatupliftyoulikemeetingafriendforcoffee.____17____Sleephasatremendouseffectonourmood.AccordingtoHarvardMedicalSchool,“poororinadequatesleepcancausestress,whilehealthysleepcanenhancewell-being.”So,ifyoufindyourselfalittlemoreshort-temperedthannormal,sleepmaybetheanswer.____18____It’sworthtakingthisintoaccountonSundaytoavoidalackofenergyonaMondaymorning.Chooseyourfavoriteclothes.____19____Infact,psychologistsconcludethatthestronglinkbetweenclothingandmoodsuggestsweshouldputonclothesthatweassociatewithhappiness,evenwhenfeelinglow.Inshort,wearingwhateveryoulikeonMondaymakesyoufeelgreat!Arrangesomeeasytasks.Afteraweekendoffunandtakingiteasy,itmightbebesttokeepMonday’sschedulealittlelighterthanotherdays.Thisdoesn’tmeansittingaroundanddrowninginyourblues.ItmeansthatinsteadoffacingthemostcomplicatedstuffonaMonday,putsometimeintotheeasiertasks.____20____A.Formaroutineofdailylife.B.GotobedearlyonSundaynight.CDon’tunderestimatethepowerofasuit.D.ReduceMondayBluesbyallowingyourselftodoMondaywithease.E.PuttinglesspressureonyourselfisagoodwaytobeattheMondayBlues.F.Takeanaptoenergizeorgettobedearliertonighttomakeupforlostsleep.G.Makealistbywritingoutsomethingsthatyouarecurrentlylookingforwardto.【答案】16.G17.B18.F19.C20.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些避免周一抑郁的方法?！?6題詳解】根據上文“Insteadoffocusingondifficulttasksthatlayaheadofyou,thinkaboutallthegoodtocome.(不要把注意力集中在擺在你面前的困難任務上，想想所有美好的事情)”以及后文“Agoodplacetostartistothinkofonethingyouareexcitedaboutforeachcategory:atwork,afterwork,andattheweekend.Ifit’shardtocomeupwiththreethingstolookforwardto,getplanningASAP!We’renottalkingaboutanythingdifficult,justsimplethingsthatupliftyoulikemeetingafriendforcoffee.(一個好的開始是在每個類別中想一件讓你興奮的事情：工作時，下班后和周末。如果很難想出三件值得期待的事情，那就盡快計劃吧!我們不是在談論任何困難的事情，只是一些簡單的事情，比如和朋友一起喝咖啡)”可知，上文提到想想所有美好的事情，后文則提到想一件讓你興奮的事情。由此可知，本句主要說明列出期待的事情，故G選項“列一張清單，寫下你目前期待的事情”符合語境，故選G。【17題詳解】根據本段內容“Sleephasatremendouseffectonourmood.AccordingtoHarvardMedicalSchool,“poororinadequatesleepcancausestress,whilehealthysleepcanenhancewell-being.”So,ifyoufindyourselfalittlemoreshort-temperedthannormal,sleepmaybetheanswer.(睡眠對我們情緒有很大的影響。根據哈佛醫(yī)學院的說法，“睡眠不好或不足會導致壓力，而健康的睡眠可以增強幸福感。”所以，如果你發(fā)現自己比平時脾氣更暴躁，睡覺可能是答案)”可知，本段主要是針對睡覺提出建議。由此可知，B選項“星期天晚上早點睡覺”符合語境，故選B?！?8題詳解】根據上文“So,ifyoufindyourselfalittlemoreshort-temperedthannormal,sleepmaybetheanswer.(所以，如果你發(fā)現自己比平時脾氣更暴躁，睡覺可能是答案)”以及后文“It’sworthtakingthisintoaccountonSundaytoavoidalackofenergyonaMondaymorning.(為了避免周一早上精力不足，這一點在周日是值得考慮的)”可知，本句主要是針對避免周一精力不足而提出的建議，且與睡眠有關。由此可知，F選項“打個盹來補充能量，或者今晚早點上床睡覺來彌補失去的睡眠”符合語境，故選F?！?9題詳解】根據后文“Infact,psychologistsconcludethatthestronglinkbetweenclothingandmoodsuggestsweshouldputonclothesthatweassociatewithhappiness,evenwhenfeelinglow.Inshort,wearingwhateveryoulikeonMondaymakesyoufeelgreat!(事實上，心理學家得出結論，衣服和情緒之間的緊密聯系表明，即使情緒低落，我們也應該穿上與快樂有關的衣服。簡而言之，周一穿你喜歡的衣服會讓你感覺很棒！)”可知，本段主要說明了服裝可以影響情緒，即衣服也存在力量。由此可知，C選項“不要低估衣服的力量”符合語境，故選C?！?0題詳解】根據上文“ItmeansthatinsteadoffacingthemostcomplicatedstuffonaMonday,putsometimeintotheeasiertasks.(這意味著與其在周一面對最復雜的事情，不如把時間花在更容易的任務上)”可知，上文建議做更容易的任務，即度過一個放松的周一。由此可知，D選項“減少“周一抑郁”，讓自己輕松度過周一”符合語境，故選D。第三部分英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。MembersoftheHuntingtonStation-basedGirlScoutTroop239areworkingtowardstheirgoals.Theyare____21____hundredsofpoundsofplasticcapsandlids(蓋子)torecycleand____22____benches(長椅).“Whatwereallywanttodoisusethis____23____asavehiclefordevelopingthegirls’teamspiritandalsoeducatingthepublicabouttheimportanceof____24____,”ChristineReilly,troopleader,said.“Themessageisthatsomethingthatyoumightotherwisehave____25____canberecycledintosomethingthatcanhavea(n)____26____effect.”Thetroophasalreadygatheredup400pounds.“Manyfamiliescollectedforus,____27____severallocalbusinessesandschools,”saidReilly.“Thesupporthasbeen____28____.”Throughouttheproject,membersofthetroopsortthroughplasticcapsandlidstomakesuretheyare____29____,cleanthem,andputtheminbagstobe_____30_____toGreenTreePlastics,wheretheyaremeltedandtransformedintobenches.Thebencheswillbedonatedtolocal_____31_____tobeusedasfriendshipbenches,whereastudentcansitifhehasno_____32_____toplaywithtoencourageotherstudentsto_____33_____him.“Therearesomekidsthatdon’tseemtofitin,andthebenchcanbeahelpinghandforthem,”Reillysaid.Eachbenchwillbe6feetlong.Aboardwillbeputinfront_____34_____thatthebenchismadefromplasticcapsandlids_____35_____byGirlScoutTroop239.21.A.collecting B.producing C.designing D.delivering22.A.coverup B.changeinto C.fixup D.attachto23.A.standard B.competition C.project D.example24.A.recycle B.creativity C.communication D.exercise25.A.leftbehind B.putaway C.thrownaway D.missedout26.A.immediate B.positive C.indirect D.practical27.A.insteadof B.exceptfor C.accordingto D.aswellas28.A.enjoyable B.capable C.affordable D.unbelievable29.A.usable B.original C.comfortable D.special30.A.introduced B.applied C.related D.shipped31.A.parks B.hospitals C.stores D.schools32A.toys B.families C.companions D.teachers33.A.punish B.include C.rescue D.chase34.A.admitting B.advertising C.explaining D.ensuring35.A.contributed B.made C.found D.paid【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.A25.C26.B27.D28.D29.A30.D31.D32.C33.B34.C35.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了亨廷頓站的第239女童子軍利用收集的塑料瓶蓋制作長椅，捐獻給當地學校用于幫助沒有伙伴的同學找到朋友的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她們正在收集數百磅的塑料瓶蓋，然后回收再利用，做成長椅。A.collecting收集；B.producing生產；C.designing設計；D.delivering遞送。根據后文“Manyfamiliescollectedforus”可知，許多家庭為第239女童子軍進行塑料瓶蓋的收集，可知他們正在收集數百磅的塑料瓶蓋。故選A項。【22題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：她們正在收集數百磅的塑料瓶蓋，然后回收再利用，變成長椅。