中考英語(yǔ)人教版一輪復(fù)習(xí)專題突破+學(xué)案+話題10　文化與習(xí)俗

話題10文化與習(xí)俗話題分析：該話題主要涉及各個(gè)地區(qū)的節(jié)日文化、傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗等。其目的是引導(dǎo)學(xué)生了解現(xiàn)代社會(huì)各個(gè)地區(qū)的不同文化，跨文化溝通與交流，激發(fā)學(xué)生對(duì)我國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的保護(hù)和發(fā)揚(yáng)意識(shí)，增強(qiáng)文化自信，也能夠認(rèn)識(shí)到不同國(guó)家之間的文化差異。話題鏈接：教材分冊(cè)單元話題標(biāo)題人教版八下Unit6LegendsandstoriesAnoldmantriedtomovethemountains.八下Unit8LiteratureandmusicHaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet？九年級(jí)全一冊(cè)Unit10CustomsYou’resupposedtoshakehands.外研版七下Module11BodylanguageBodylanguage八上Module11Socialbehaviour/customsWayoflife九下Module6EatingcustomsEatingtogether九下Module7LanguageandcultureEnglishforyouandmeA．Yes，thereare.B．Whydoyouask?C．Isthatafunmuseum?D．Ilikehistorymuseum.E．WillmycousinandIbothenjoythevisit?F．YoucanalsotakehimtotheNaturalHistoryMuseum.James:Julie，doyouknowsomefunplaces?Julie:1.James:Mycousinisvisitingmenextweekend.Ineedtodosomethingwithhim.Julie:YoucantakehimtotheChildren’sScienceMuseum.James:2.Julie:Yes！Thereareveryinterestingexhibits(展覽)．James:3.Julie:Yes，youwill！4.James:Arethereanyanimalexhibits?Julie:5.Youcanlearnaboutanimals，plants，rocksandnaturefromthepast.James:Soundsexciting.Thanks!答案1.B2.C3.E4.F5.APart1話題基礎(chǔ)梳理1.customn.風(fēng)俗，習(xí)俗2.papercutting剪紙3.enjoylanterns賞花燈4.eatzongzi吃粽子5.dragonboatraces龍舟賽6.admirethemoon賞月7.eatmooncakes吃月餅8.setofffirecrackers放鞭炮1．kiss(n.&v．)親吻2.bow(v.)鞠躬3.shakehands握手1．tablemanners餐桌禮儀2.usechopsticks使用筷子1.culturen.文化2.symboln.象征3.valuev.珍視4.candlen.蠟燭5.celebratev.慶祝6.balloonn.氣球7.cardn.卡片8.turkeyn.火雞1.internationaladj.國(guó)際的2.nationaladj.國(guó)家的3.foreignadj.外國(guó)的4.arean.地域；區(qū)域5.worldn.世界6.localadj.當(dāng)?shù)氐?.countryn.國(guó)家；國(guó)8.cityn.城市9.capitaln.首都10.provincen.省份11.townn.城鎮(zhèn)1．leadsb.tosp帶領(lǐng)某人到某地2．bringgoodluckto...給……帶來好運(yùn)3．layout擺開；布置4．dressup裝扮；喬裝打扮5．blowout吹滅6．makeawish許愿7．share...with...和……分享……8．bringback帶回9．dropby順便訪問；隨便進(jìn)入10．inadvance提前11．pointto/at指著；指向12．makesb.feelathome使某人感到賓至如歸13．inmemoryof...為了紀(jì)念……14．a(chǎn)symbolof...……的象征15．treatsb.with...用……款待某人16．fullof充滿17．besupposedtodosth.應(yīng)該做某事小題夯基請(qǐng)根據(jù)句意及首字母提示完成所缺單詞1．Youaresupposedtoshakehandswhenyoumeetsomeoneforthefirsttime.2．ThecapitalofChinaisBeijing.3．Heisagentleman.Andhehasgoodtablemanners.4．Moreandmorestarsstepontotheinternationalstage.5．ThenationalflagofChinaisthefive-starredflag.6．Peoplecelebratetheirmotherland’sbirthdayonNationalDay.微語(yǔ)篇特訓(xùn)A．請(qǐng)從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使文章完整連貫。注意每空一詞，每詞僅用一次，有兩詞為多余項(xiàng)。eq\x(shakepointcustomgiftadvancebowculture)Chinaisacountrywithalonghistory，sotherearemany1.customsinourcountry.NowIwilltellyousomecustomsinChina.Firstly，youaresupposedto2.shakehandswithotherpeoplewhenyoumeetthemforthefirsttime，whichshowsyouarefriendly.Secondly，whenyouhavedinnerwithotherpeople，it’srudeto3.pointatotherswithyourchopsticks.Finally，ifyouaregoingtovisitothers，you’dbettertellthemin4.advance.Andsometimesitwouldbebettertobringa5.giftforthemwhenyouarrive.B．請(qǐng)根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思用適當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z(yǔ)填空TherearemanydifferencesbetweenEasternand1.Westerncultures(西方文化)．Westernersareusedto2.greetingothers(和別人打招呼)withkisses，butEasternersgreeteachotherby3.shakinghands(握手)．TheWesternersalwaysopenthepresent4.rightaway(立刻)butEasternerschoosetoopenitaftertheguestsleave.Sincewehavedifferentculturalbackgrounds，it’simportantto5.communicatewith(與……交流)themcorrectly.Onlybydoingthiscanwelivetogetherharmoniously.1．端午節(jié)是中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，是為了紀(jì)念古代詩(shī)人屈原。(inmemoryof)TheDragonBoatFestivalisatraditionalChinesefestival，whichisinmemoryoftheancientpoetQuYuan.2．春節(jié)期間，家人團(tuán)聚在一起吃大餐。他們盛裝打扮去拜訪親戚朋友。(dressup)DuringtheSpringFestival，familiesstaytogetherandhavebigmeals.Theydressuptovisitrelativesandfriends.3．他們從不切斷面條，因?yàn)殚L(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的面條是長(zhǎng)壽的象征。(asymbolof)Theynevercutupthenoodlesbecausethelongnoodlesareasymbolofthelonglife.4．在春節(jié)期間，人們認(rèn)為穿著紅色的衣服會(huì)給他們帶來好運(yùn)。(bringgoodluckto)DuringtheSpringFestival，peoplebelievethatwearingredclotheswillbringgoodlucktothem.5．人們會(huì)用美味的食物來招待他們的客人。(treatsb.with...)Peoplewilltreattheirguestswithdeliciousfood.6．在中國(guó)，人們會(huì)通過握手來表示尊敬。(shakehands)InChina，peopleshowtheirrespectbyshakinghands.7．我喜歡這個(gè)節(jié)日，因?yàn)樗錆M了愛與歡樂，同時(shí)它使我覺得幸福與溫暖。(fullof)Ilovethefestivalbecauseit’sfullofloveandjoy，anditmakesmefeelhappyandwarm.8．在中國(guó)，你不應(yīng)該把筷子插進(jìn)食物里。(besupposedto)InChina，you’renotsupposedtostickyourchopsticksintothefood.9．這是對(duì)秋天(收獲)的食物表達(dá)感激的時(shí)刻，同時(shí)也是人們享受生活中美好事物的時(shí)刻。(givethanksfor)It’satimetogivethanksforfoodinautumnandatimeforpeopletoenjoythebeautifulthingsinlife.10．月餅是中秋節(jié)晚上滿月的形狀。它們承載著人們對(duì)于深愛和思念著的家人們的祝福。(intheshapeof)MooncakesareintheshapeofafullmoonontheMid-Autumnnight.Theycarrypeople’swishestothefamiliestheydeeplyloveandmiss.一、完形填空WhenIwas12yearsold，mymothersentmetoaChineseschoolinCalifornia.I1spendingmySaturdaysinathree-hourChineseclass.Ithoughtitwasdifficultandboring.However，mymumthoughtthatIshoulddevelopandimprovemyChinese2skills.Iseemedtoknowitwoulddomegoodinfuture，butatthattimeIcouldn’trealizethe3oflearningasecondlanguage.Manyyearslater，Ihada4toworkinAsia.IchoseChinamainlybecauseIlearnedChinesewhenIwas5.However，IstillwonderedifIcould6streetsigns，buyfoodandtalktopeoplethere.ShortlyafterIarrivedinChina，myChineselanguage7camebacksoonandimproved8.Alongtimeago，Iwantedto9learningChinese.Luckily，mymumencouragedmeandstoppedthatfromhappening.I’m10thattheChineselanguagehashelpedmealotindifferentways.Mylifeisgettingmoreandmorecolorful.1．A.hatedB．a(chǎn)dvisedC．enjoyedD．forgot答案A2．A.businessB．musicC．languageD．cooking答案C3．A.mistakesB．excusesC．fearsD．a(chǎn)dvantages答案D4．A.habitB．chanceC．skillD．suggestion答案B5．A.busyB．youngC．successfulD．experienced答案B6．A.readB．touchC．moveD．a(chǎn)fford答案A7．A.toolB．a(chǎn)bilityC．pointD．difficulty答案B8．A.safelyB．politelyC．quicklyD．privately答案C9．A.goonB．waitforC．giveupD．a(chǎn)skfor答案C10．A.sorryB．worriedC．a(chǎn)ngryD．glad答案D二、短文填空請(qǐng)從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使文章完整連貫。注意每空一詞，每詞僅用一次，有兩詞為多余項(xiàng)。eq\x(erestinglaylifelongsomeonewhilewho)InthemindsoftheChinese，theyalways1.connectthemoonwithgentlenessandbrightness，expressingtheirbestwishes.OnAugust15ofthelunarcalendareachyear，themoonisfullandit’stimetocelebratetheMid-AutumnFestival.InChinesetraditionalculture，themoonisa2.carrierofhuman’sfeelings.Inancienttimes，fromroyaltytotheordinaryfamily，itwasanimportantcustomto3.admirethefullmoonduringthefestival.Adultsusuallyenjoyeddeliciousmooncakeswithacupofhottea,4.whilechildrenranaroundwithbrightlanterns.Afternightfall，thewholefamilieswentoutforawalkunderthestars，lookingupatthefullmoonandthinkingoftheirrelativesorfriends，aswellas5.whoeverwasfarfromhome.Alinefromapoem“Themoonseenathomeisbrighter”expressesthosefeelings.Besides，withrespecttothehistoryofChinesecivilization(文明)，Chinaisthefirstnationtohavethedreamofflyingtothesky.6.FromthestoryofChang’etoDunhuangflyingapsaras(飛天)，allexpressChineseancestors’desiretoexplore(探索)outerspace.ManyancientChinesepoetsalsoshowedtheirgreat7.interestinthemoonthroughwonderfulwords.Forexample，thepoetLiBai，a8.lifelongloverofthemoon，wrotehundredsofpoemsaboutit.TheChineseexploringmoonproject，namedafterChang’e,9.fullyexpressesthispursuit(追求)oftheChinese.ThesuccessfullaunchofChang’eⅠnotonly10.laidthegroundwork(基礎(chǔ))forfutureexplorationofthemoon，butalsomadealong-helddreamoftheChinesepeoplecometrue.Part2話題能力提升A(2023·惠州二模)Chinesefancyknots(中國(guó)結(jié))，alsocalledChineseknots，areveryimportantinChineseculture.TheybeganasaformoftraditionalartintheTangandSongDynasties(朝代)inChina，andbecamepopularintheMingDynasty.Longago，theyfoundtheirwaytoJapanandotherSoutheastAsiancountries，andwerewellreceivedthere.NowtheyareregardedasoneofthesymbolsofChineseculture.Asforthenameitself，itissurelymeaningful.TheChinesewordfor“knot”，jie，means“connection”．AndthepronunciationoftheChinesewordjieisveryclosetothatofji，“goodluck”．Asaresult，Chineseknotsareusedasawaytoexpresspeople’sstrongwishesformarvellousthingslikehappiness，loveandgoodluck.Theknotsareusedwidelyineverydaylife.Theycomeindifferentsizes.Smallonesareconnectedtojewellery(珠寶)，clothesandgiftsinordertodrawpeople’sattention，whilelargeonesareusedtomakealivingroomorstudymorebeautiful.Whetherlargeorsmall，theyarenamedaftertheirshapesandusages.Forexample，DoubleCoinKnotsarecalledShuangqianJiebecausetheyareintheshapeoftwoancientChinesecoinsandmean“goodthingscomeinpairs”．Besides，Chineseknotsarefamousfortheirbrightcolors.Differentcolorshavedifferenttraditionalculturalmeanings.Redmeansgoodluckandhappiness，greenmeanshealth，andyellowmeanswealth.Allinall，thefamousChinesefancyknotsfullyshowtheChineseculture.Thesebrightlycoloredknotswiththeirendlesschains(鏈條)ofknots，meanthatlifeonearthwillcontinueforever.eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文主要介紹了中國(guó)結(jié)的起源、作用以及意義。)1．Whatdidthewriterwanttoexpressinthispassage?A．TeachpeoplehowtomakeaChineseknot. B．AskpeopletobuyChinesefancyknots.C．IntroduceatraditionalChineseartform. D．DescribethecolorofChinesefancyknots.答案C解析推理判斷題。通讀全文并結(jié)合關(guān)鍵詞knots可知，文章主要介紹了一種中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)形式——中國(guó)結(jié)。故選C。2．Theunderlinedword“marvellous”inthepassagemeans“”．A．goodB．normalC．interestingD．comfortable答案A解析詞義猜測(cè)題。由畫線詞后面的“thingslikehappiness，loveandgoodluck”可知，這都是好的事物，再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，good有此含義，故選A。3．DoublecoinKnotsarecalledShuangqianJiebecauseofits.A．colorandsizeB．usageC．shapeandmeaningD．symbol答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中“Forexample，DoubleCoinKnotsarecalledShuangqianJiebecausetheyareintheshapeoftwoancientChinesecoinsandmeaning‘goodthingscomeinpairs’．”可知，雙錢結(jié)被稱為雙錢結(jié)，是因?yàn)樗鼈兪侵袊?guó)古代兩枚硬幣的形狀，意思是“好事成雙”。由此可見，選C。4．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheChineseknot?A．SmallChineseknotsareusedtomakealivingroommorebeautiful.B．Chineseknotsarenamedaftertheirshapesandcolors.C．Chineseknotsarefamousfortheirshapes.D．Differentcolorshavedifferenttraditionalculturalmeanings.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中“Smallonesareconnectedtojewellery(珠寶)，clothesandgiftsinordertodrawpeople’sattention”可知，A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；由“Whetherlargeorsmall，theyarenamedaftertheirshapesandusages.”可知，B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；由“Besides，Chineseknotsarefamousfortheirbrightcolors.”可知，C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；由“Differentcolorshavedifferenttraditionalculturalmeanings.Redmeansgoodluckandhappiness，greenmeanshealth，andyellowmeanswealth.”可知，D項(xiàng)正確。5．Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．ChineseCulturalForm B．ChineseFancyKnotsC．ChineseSymbolColor D．ChineseTraditionalCulture答案B解析最佳標(biāo)題題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了中國(guó)結(jié)，故選B項(xiàng)。B配對(duì)閱讀。左欄是五個(gè)學(xué)生的性格及行為描述，右欄是七則中國(guó)寓言故事，請(qǐng)為每個(gè)學(xué)生選擇一個(gè)能幫其解決問題的故事。1.Kellyoftenmakesmistakesandmisunderstandsothers，becausesheoftenmakesdecisionswithoutthinkingtwice.()2．Markisnothonest.Hismomhopeshecanchangeit.()3．Jerryisnotsureabouthisownadvantages.Hedoesn’tthinkhe’sgoodenough.()4．SandysawthedifficultlifeofthepoorchildreninthewestofChina.Shewondersifsheshouldhelpthem.()5．Samisafraidofthedifficultiesonhiswaytobearunner.He’sthinkingaboutstoppingrunning.()A.Rat’s(老鼠)WeddingFatherRatwantedtofindthebesthusbandforhisdaughter.HeaskedSun，Cloud，WindandWall，butnoneofthemwasthestrongest.Finally，hefoundRatwasthestrongest.B．TheDragonGateAllthefishwantedtoreachtheDragonGatetogetthemagic.Butmuchfishgaveuphalfwaybecauseofthedifficulties.Onlythelittlecarp(鯉魚)，swamandswamandfinallygottotheDragonGateandhadthemagic.C．TheFourDragonsOnceuponatime，therewasnorainandtheplantsdidn’tgrow.Thefourdragonsfleweverywheretogetwaterforpeople.Withtheirhelp，peoplehadwateragainandlivedahappylifeagain.D．TheKing’sYuPlayerAmancalledNanguotoldaliethathecouldplaytheYuandjoinedtheKing’sband.Oneday，Nanguowasaskedtoplayalone.Heranawaybecausehecouldn’tplayitatall.E．Ox’s(牛)BigMix-upJudeEmperor(玉皇大帝)askedOxtotellpeopletoworkhardtogrowmorefood.However，Oxmadeamistake.Hefeltsorry，soheworkedhardforpeopleonthefarm.F．ToPullUptheSeedlings(苗)toHelpThemGrowInancienttimes，amanwantedtomakehisricegrowfaster.Hepulleduptheyoungplantsbyhalfaninch.However，theplantsdidn’tgrowasheimagined.Instead，theyalldied.G．MonkeyTriedtoSavetheMoonMonkeystriedtosavethemooninthewell(井)．Latertheyfoundthemooninthewellwasjustashadow(影子)．Theyunderstoodtheyshouldthinkcarefullybeforemakingdecisions.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文通過對(duì)五個(gè)學(xué)生的性格及行為描述，將其和右邊的中國(guó)寓言故事進(jìn)行匹配，幫助其悟出自身問題的解決方法。答案1.G2.D3.A4.C5.BA．回答問題ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms(節(jié)氣)．ItstartsfromtheBeginningofSpringandendswiththeGreaterCold，movingincycles.Itisstillusefultodaytoguidepeople’slivesthroughspecialfoods，culturalceremoniesandevenhealthylivingtips.GrainBuds(小滿)，the8thsolartermofayear，beginsonMay21thisyear，andendsonJune5.Itmeansthattheseeds(種子)fromthegrainarebecomingfull.DuringtheGrainBuds，summerharvest(收獲)isabouttobegin.Asayingaboutrainduringthistimementions，“Aheavyrainfallmakestheriverfull.”Becauseofthegreatincreaseinrainfall，riversarefullofwater.Thisisagoodtimetoenjoyfish.Itisalsoaharvestseasonforfishermen.Frost’sDescent(霜降)，the18thsolartermoftheyear，isthelastsolartermofautumn，duringwhichtimetheweatherbecomesmuchcolderthanbeforeandfrostbeginstoappear.Theappleisonekindofrecommended(推薦的)fruitduringFrost’sDescent.Therearemanysayingsaboutapples’benefits(益處)inChina，suchas“Eatanappleaftermeals，evenoldmencanbeasstrongasyoungmen.”MinorCold(小寒)isthe23rdone.FormostareasofChina，itmarksthestartofthecoldestdaysoftheyearandpeoplealwaysstartpreparingforNewYear.AccordingtotraditionalChinesemedicine