計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)實(shí)驗(yàn)二 在PC機(jī)上熟悉常用網(wǎng)絡(luò)命令實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告

計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)原理實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告實(shí)驗(yàn)二熟悉常用的網(wǎng)絡(luò)命令實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告姓名：陳津生班級(jí)：12級(jí)數(shù)字媒體技術(shù)2班學(xué)號(hào)：2012329700056指導(dǎo)教師：張芳1．實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康模簩W(xué)會(huì)使用常用ping,ipconfig,nslookup,arp,tracert等常用網(wǎng)絡(luò)測(cè)試命令檢測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)連通、了解網(wǎng)絡(luò)的配置狀態(tài)，跟蹤路由診斷域名系統(tǒng)等相關(guān)網(wǎng)絡(luò)問題。2實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境：（1）運(yùn)行windows2000/2003/xp操作系統(tǒng)的PC一臺(tái)（2）每臺(tái)PC機(jī)具有一塊網(wǎng)卡，通過雙絞線與局域網(wǎng)網(wǎng)相連。（3）局域網(wǎng)能連接Internet3．實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟：用戶名：1234567891234密碼：01234561、ARP:顯示和修改IP地址與物理地址之間的轉(zhuǎn)換表C:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>ARP-aInterface:8---0x10003InternetAddressPhysicalAddressType00-00-00-00-00-00invalidC:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>ARP-gInterface:8---0x10003InternetAddressPhysicalAddressType00-00-00-00-00-00invalidC:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>ARP-dC:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>ARP-sDisplaysandmodifiestheIP-to-Physicaladdresstranslationtablesusedbyaddressresolutionprotocol(ARP).ARP-sinet_addreth_addr[if_addr]ARP-dinet_addr[if_addr]ARP-a[inet_addr][-Nif_addr]-aDisplayscurrentARPentriesbyinterrogatingthecurrentprotocoldata.Ifinet_addrisspecified,theIPandPhysicaladdressesforonlythespecifiedcomputeraredisplayed.If-R(Reload)Purgesandreloadstheremotecachen-S(Sessions)Listssessionstablewiththedestina-s(sessions)ListssessionstableconvertingdestiaddressestocomputerNETBIOSnames.-RR(ReleaseRefresh)SendsNameReleasepacketstoWINSaneshRemoteNameRemotehostmachinename.IPaddressDotteddecimalrepresentationoftheIPaddresintervalRedisplaysselectedstatistics,pausingintervbetweeneachdisplay.PressCtrl+Ctostopredstatistics.C:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>nbtstat-n本地連接2:NodeIpAddress:[19]ScopeId:[]NetBIOSLocalNameTableNameTypeStatus---------------------------------------------H16<00>UNIQUERegisteredH16<20>UNIQUERegistered2HJF<00>GROUPRegistered2HJF<1E>GROUPRegisteredC:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>nbtstat-s本地連接2:NodeIpAddress:[19]ScopeId:[]NoConnections5、net：C:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>net此命令的語法是:NET[ACCOUNTS|COMPUTER|CONFIG|CONTINUE|FILE|GROUP|HELP|HELPMSG|LOCALGROUP|NAME|PAUSE|PRINT|SEND|SESSION|SHARE|START|STATISTICS|STOP|TIME|USE|USER|VIEW]C:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>C:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>net此命令的語法是:NET[ACCOUNTS|COMPUTER|CONFIG|CONTINUE|FILEHELPMSG|LOCALGROUP|NAME|PAUSE|PRINT|SHARE|START|STATISTICS|STOP|TIME|USEC:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>netstat.exeActiveConnectionsProtoLocalAddressForeignAddressTCPH16:1455localhost:ftpTCPH16:20780:8000TCPH16:2085localhost:4809TCPH16:2086localhost:netbios-ssTCPH16:2088localhost:netbios-ssTCPH16:2090localhost:netbios-ssTCPH16:2091localhost:microsoft-C:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>netstat-asIPv4StatisticsPacketsReceived=188648ReceivedHeaderErrors=0ReceivedAddressErrors=41385DatagramsForwarded=0UnknownProtocolsReceived=0ReceivedPacketsDiscarded=1636ReceivedPacketsDelivered=158463OutputRequests=11606RoutingDiscards=0DiscardedOutputPackets=0OutputPacketNoRoute=0ReassemblyRequired=0ReassemblySuccessful=0ReassemblyFailures=0DatagramsSuccessfullyFragmented=0DatagramsFailingFragmentation=0FragmentsCreated=0ICMPv4StatisticsReceivedSentMessages3637Errors00DestinationUnreachable34TimeExceeded00ParameterProblems00SourceQuenches00Redirects00Echos312EchoReplies231Timestamps00TimestampReplies00AddressMasks00AddressMaskReplies00TCPStatisticsforIPv4ActiveOpens=415PassiveOpens=57FailedConnectionAttempts=145ResetConnections=29CurrentConnections=3SegmentsReceived=1888SegmentsSent=2228SegmentsRetransmitted=276UDPStatisticsforIPv4DatagramsReceived=213179NoPorts=4718ReceiveErrors=95DatagramsSent=90466、Netstat.exeC:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>netstat.exeActiveConnectionsProtoLocalAddressForeignAddressStateTCPH16:1455localhost:ftpCLOSE_WAITTCPH16:2166localhost:4809SYN_SENTTCPH16:21670:8000ESTABLISHED7、Ping.exeC:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>ping.exeUsage:ping[-t][-a][-ncount][-lsize][-f][-iTTL][-vTOS][-rcount][-scount][[-jhost-list]|[-khost-list]][-wtimeout]target_nameOptions:-tPingthespecifiedhostuntilstopped.Toseestatisticsandcontinue-typeControl-BreakTostop-typeControl-C.-aResolveaddressestohostnames.-ncountNumberofechorequeststosend.-lsizeSendbuffersize.-fSetDon'tFragmentflaginpacket.-iTTLTimeToLive.-vTOSTypeOfService.-rcountRecordrouteforcounthops.-scountTimestampforcounthops.-jhost-listLoosesourceroutealonghost-list.-khost-listStrictsourceroutealonghost-list.-wtimeoutTimeoutinmillisecondstowaitforeachreply.8、Route.exeC:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>route.exeManipulatesnetworkroutingtables.ROUTE[-f][-p][command[destination][MASKnetmask][gateway][METRICmetric][IFinterface]-fClearstheroutingtablesofallgatewayentries.Ifthisisusedinconjunctionwithoneofthecommands,thetablesareclearedpriortorunningthecommand.-pWhenusedwiththeADDcommand,makesaroutepersistentacrossbootsofthesystem.Bydefault,routesarenotpreservedwhenthesystemisrestarted.Ignoredforallothercommands,whichalwaysaffecttheappropriatepersistentroutes.ThisoptionisnotsupportedinWindows95.commandOneofthese:PRINTPrintsarouteADDAddsarouteDELETEDeletesarouteCHANGEModifiesanexistingroutedestinationSpecifiesthehost.MASKSpecifiesthatthenextparameteristhe'netmask'value.netmaskSpecifiesasubnetmaskvalueforthisrouteentry.Ifnotspecified,itdefaultsto55.gatewaySpecifiesgateway.interfacetheinterfacenumberforthespecifiedroute.METRICspecifiesthemetric,ie.costforthedestination.AllsymbolicnamesusedfordestinationarelookedupinthenetworkdatabasefileNETWORKS.ThesymbolicnamesforgatewayarelookedupinthehostnamedatabasefileHOSTS.IfthecommandisPRINTorDELETE.Destinationorgatewaycanbeawildcard,(wildcardisspecifiedasastar'*'),orthegatewayargumentmaybeomitted.IfDestcontainsa*or?,itistreatedasashellpattern,andonlymatchingdestinationroutesareprinted.The'*'matchesanystring,and'?'matchesanyonechar.Examples:157.*.1,157.*,127.*,*224*.DiagnosticNotes:InvalidMASKgeneratesanerror,thatiswhen(DEST&MASK)!=DEST.Example>routeADDMASKIF1Therouteadditionfailed:Thespecifiedmaskparameterisinvalid.(Destination&Mask)!=Destination.Examples:>routePRINT>routeADDMASKMETRIC3IF2destination^^mask^gatewaymetric^^Interface^IfIFisnotgiven,ittriestofindthebestinterfaceforagivengateway.>routePRINT>routePRINT157*....Onlyprintsthosematching157*>routeCHANGEMASKMETRIC2IF2CHANGEisusedtomodifygatewayand/ormetriconly.>routePRINT>routeDELETE>routePRINTC:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>9、Telnet.exe歡迎使用MicrosoftTelnetClientEscape字符是'CTRL+]'MicrosoftTelnet>displayEscape字符是'CTRL+]'將驗(yàn)證身份(NTLMAuthentication)關(guān)閉本地回顯新行模式-return鍵發(fā)送CR和LF當(dāng)前模式:控制臺(tái)Will終端類型優(yōu)選的終端類型為ANSIMicrosoftTelnet>status沒有連接MicrosoftTelnet>?/help命令可以縮寫。支持的命令為:c-close關(guān)閉當(dāng)前連接d-display顯示操作參數(shù)o-openhostname[port]連接到主機(jī)名稱(默認(rèn)端口23).q-quit退出telnetset-set