黑龍江省齊齊哈爾市2023-2024學年高二上學期1月期末英語試題（含答案解析）

高二英語試卷本試卷分第I卷(選擇題)和第II卷(非選擇題)兩部分。全卷共150分，考試時間120分鐘?？忌鞔饡r將答案答在答題卡上，在本試卷上答題無效。注意事項：1.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準考證號碼填寫清楚，將條形碼準確粘貼在條形碼區(qū)域內(nèi);2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂，非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫，字體工整、筆跡清楚;3.請按照題號順序在各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效;4.作圖題可先使用2B鉛筆填涂，然后用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑;5.保持卡面清潔，不要折疊、弄破、弄皺，不準使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第I卷第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Getheradisk.B.Repairacomputer.C.Helptodealwithadocument.2.Howmuchmoneywillthemangetback?A.$10.B.$4.C.$6.3.Howdoesthewomanfeelfinally?A.Encouraged.B.Defeated.C.Depressed.4.Whereisthewoman’shusbandnow?A.InShanghai.B.InChengdu.C.InNanjing.5.WhatwillMichaeldoforholiday?A.ClimbMountTai.B.Gototheseaside.C.Gosomewherenear.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘。聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段錄音，回答以下2個小題。6.Whydoesthewomanmakethephonecall?A.Tofixadate.B.Tobuyahouse.C.Tomeettheman’sson.7.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.OnMonday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSaturday.聽下面一段錄音，回答以下2個小題。8.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.GototheElectricCompanyOffice.B.Payelectricbillfirst.C.Openacheckingaccount.9.Howdomostpeoplepaytheelectricbill?A.Incash.B.Bycheck.C.Byphone.聽下面一段錄音，回答以下3個小題。10.WhereisLynnstudying?A.InMadrid.B.InCordoba.C.InSeville.11.WhatisLynn’spart-timejob?A.Awaitress.B.Ateacher.C.Apsychologist.12.WhatdoesLynnliketodobestinherfreetime?A.Playtennis.B.Dance.C.Visitfriends.聽下面一段錄音，回答以下4個小題。13.Whatmakesthefilmuniquetothewoman?A.Itisthewoman’sfirsttimeproducing.B.Thereisonlyonemaninthemovie.C.Ithasgreatspecialeffects.14.Whattypeoffilmisthewomanstarringin?A.Anactionfilm.B.Aromanticcomedy.C.Ascience-fictionfilm.15.WhenwillthefilmbeoutintheUK?A.On21stDecember.B.On14thDecember.C.On7thDecember.16.Whatisthemanprobably?A.Aproducer.B.Acomedian.C.Ahost.聽下面一段錄音，回答以下4個小題。17.Wheredidthemanarrive?A.NewYork.B.London.C.Beijing.18.Whendidthemanarrive?A.At12:00p.m.B.At11:00p.m.C.At11:30p.m.19.Whatisnotinsidetheman’sbag?A.Hiswallet.B.Hispassport.C.Hismembershipcards.20.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Callthemanbackwithinanhour.B.Cancelthecardwiththecreditcompany.C.Askotherstofindthebag.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AFourBestNationalParksfor2023-2024SwissNationalParkSwissNationalParkineasternSwitzerlandcoversnearly42,000acresofland,givingvisitorsaccesstoroughly60milesoftrailsthatweaveinandoutofvalleysbackedbythebreathtakingSwissAlps.Whilehiking,keepaneyeoutforwildliferangingfromwell-knownanimalslikefoxesandeaglestoAlpineibexesthatarewildgoatswithlargehornslivinginthemountains.Thisparkclosesfrommid-NovemberuntiltheendofMaywithsomehighertrailsremainingundersnowthroughJune,sotimeyourtripforthewarmermonths.YosemiteNationalParkLocatednearly170mileseastofSanFrancisco,Yosemiteoffersvisitorsplentyofimpressivenaturalwonderstosee.Sceniclandscapes,suchasthefamousTunnelViewandValleyViewoutlooks,andfamouslandmarkslikeHalfDomeandElCapitanarejustafewofYosemite’sgreatestattractions.Don’tforgettoswingbyoneofthesequoiagroves(紅杉林)tobeamazedatthetoweringtrees.Glacier(冰川)NationalParkGlacierNationalParkisMontana’scrownjewel.Theexpansiveonemillion-acreparkwhichwasnamedafterthoseremainsofglaciersestimatedtobe7,000yearsold,offersimpressivemountainousscenery.Here,you’llfindmorethan700lakes,NationalHistoricLandmarksincludingLakeMcDonaldLodge,GraniteParkChaletandtheTwoMedicineStore,andthefamousHighlineTrail,whichfollowstheContinentalDivide.BanffNationalParkSituatedinsouthwesternAlberta,Canada’soldestnationalparkisalsooneofitsmostbeautifulnationalparks.VisitorscanexploreBanffNationalParkonfootalongmorethan1,000milesofhikingtrails—theLakeAgnesTrailfeaturesaseasonalEuropean-styleteahouse,ordrivethescenicIcefieldsParkwayforbreathtakingviewsofglaciersandwaterfalls.1.WhenarehikersadvisedtogotoSwissNationalPark?A.InMay. B.InJune. C.InAugust. D.InDecember.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoinYosemiteNationalPark?A.Admire7,000-year-oldlandmarks. B.Interactwithrarewildanimals.C.WalkalongtheLakeAgnesTrail. D.Haveagoodviewofhugetrees.3.WhatdoGlacierNationalParkandBanffNationalParkhaveincommon?A.Thechancetoseeglaciers. B.Theclimbontohighmountains.C.Thevisittoanumberofvalleys. D.Thedrivethroughthewholepark.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【導語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了2023-2024年四個最佳國家公園?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SwissNationalPark部分中的“Thisparkclosesfrommid-NovemberuntiltheendofMaywithsomehighertrailsremainingundersnowthroughJune,sotimeyourtripforthewarmermonths.(該公園從11月中旬至5月底關(guān)閉，部分較高的步道在6月仍被積雪覆蓋，因此請選擇在溫暖的月份出行)”可知，該公園從11月中旬至5月底關(guān)閉，部分較高的步道在6月仍被積雪覆蓋，所以說徒步旅行者在11月到6月不適合游覽該公園，在溫暖的月份，如8月份適合游覽，故選C。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)YosemiteNationalPark部分中的“Don’tforgettoswingbyoneofthesequoiagroves(紅杉林)tobeamazedatthetoweringtrees.(別忘了順便逛逛紅杉林，驚嘆于高聳的樹木。)”可知，游客在優(yōu)勝美地國家公園可以看到巨大的樹木。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Glacier(冰川)NationalPark部分中的“Theexpansiveonemillion-acrepark,whichwasnamedafterthoseremainsofglaciersestimatedtobe7,000yearsold,offersimpressivemountainousscenery.(這座占地100萬英畝的廣闊公園以估計有7000年歷史的冰川遺跡命名，擁有令人印象深刻的山地風光。)”和BanffNationalPark部分中的“VisitorscanexploreBanffNationalParkonfootalongmorethan1,000milesofhikingtrails—theLakeAgnesTrailfeaturesaseasonalEuropean-styleteahouse,ordrivethescenicIcefieldsParkwayforbreathtakingviewsofglaciersandwaterfalls.(游客可以沿著超過1000英里的遠足小徑步行探索班夫國家公園——艾格尼絲湖步道(LakeAgnesTrail)設(shè)有季節(jié)性的歐式茶館，或者駕車沿著風景秀麗的冰原大道(IcefieldsParkway)欣賞冰川和瀑布的壯麗景色。)”可知，冰川國家公園和班夫國家公園的共同點是游客都有機會看到冰川，故選A。BArtisauniversallanguage.Musicisauniversallanguage.Loveisauniversallanguage.Now,it’stheturnofsandtobementionedinsuchterms.Inherwork,sandartistKseniyaSimonovamixesart,musicandlovetocreateherownmediumwhichcanbeunderstoodandappreciatedbyeveryone.AccordingtoSimonova,shefellinlovewithsandart“absolutelyaccidentally.”Herhusband,atheatredirector,advisedhertogiveitatry.“IneverthoughtIcouldperform;Iwasalwaysaclassicalartist,”revealsSimonova.“IjuststarteditasahobbyandIneverthoughtitwouldturnouttobewhatitisnow.”In2009,Simonovawonthe“Ukraine’sGotTalent”TVcontest.Sincethenherfamehasskyrocketed,andshehasbecomearealsensation(引起轟動的人).TheartSimonovacreatesismagical;however,themediumsheusesisquitecommon.“Itisordinaryriversand.TherewasatimewhenIdidusethevolcanicone,butactuallyitmakesnodifference,”saysSimonova.“Insandartitisanideaanditsvisualisationthatmatters.WhatIdoiscreateatheatreinmymind.Thesandisaveryconvenientmediumthatisveryflexibleandrespondstospeedwell.Itcanshowwhatisgoingoninmyhead.”Theimagescreatedbytheartistliveonlyforafewseconds.However,Simonovaisnotinanywayalarmedbythemomentaryaspectofsandart.“Iknowthatmycreationsexistonlyforawhile,butIbelievethattobeabsolutelynormalbecauseartmirrorslife.Weliveeverymomentofourlife,butit’snotpossibletorepeatthose.ThesameisthecasewithwhatIdo,”Simonovaconcludes.Sandarthelpstheartisttoseetheworldinanewway,paintingever-changinglifeineverygrainofsand.4.HowdoesSimonovafeelaboutherachievementsinsandartinitially?A.Confident. B.Amused. C.Confused. D.Surprised.5.WhatisimportantinsandartperformanceaccordingtoSimonova?A.Themedium. B.Thestory. C.Thetheatre. D.Theaudience’sresponse.6.WhatdoesSimonovasayaboutthemomentarynatureofsandart?A.Itreflectsourlife. B.Itisakindofregret.C.Itencouragesrepetition. D.Italarmsmanysandartists.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Love:auniversallanguageB.Sandart:anewformofperformanceC.KseniyaSimonova:paintingtheworldwithsandD.Sandartists:impressingtheworldwithawesomework【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了沙子藝術(shù)家KseniyaSimonova以及她的創(chuàng)作過程和理念。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段““IneverthoughtIcouldperform;Iwasalwaysaclassicalartist,”revealsSimonova.“IjuststarteditasahobbyandIneverthoughtitwouldturnouttobewhatitisnow.”In2009,Simonovawonthe“Ukraine’sGotTalent”TVcontest.(“我從沒想過我能表演；我一直是一個古典藝術(shù)家，”Simonova透露?！拔覄傞_始只是把它當作一種愛好，我從沒想過它會變成現(xiàn)在這樣。”2009年，Simonova贏得了“烏克蘭達人秀”電視比賽。)”可知，Simonova最初對自己在沙藝術(shù)上的成就感到很驚訝。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段““Insandartitisanideaanditsvisualisationthatmatters.WhatIdoiscreateatheatreinmymind.Thesandisaveryconvenientmediumthatisveryflexibleandrespondstospeedwell.Itcanshowwhatisgoingoninmyhead.”(“在沙藝術(shù)中，它是一個想法，它的可視化很重要。我所做的就是在我的腦海中創(chuàng)造一個劇場。沙子是一種非常方便的介質(zhì)，非常靈活，對速度的反應(yīng)也很好。它可以顯示我腦子里在想什么?！?”可知，Simonova認為在沙藝術(shù)中，它是一個想法，它的可視化很重要，所以她會在自己的腦海中創(chuàng)造一個劇場，也就是要先有一個想法。故選B。【6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Theimagescreatedbytheartistliveonlyforafewseconds.However,Simonovaisnotinanywayalarmedbythemomentaryaspectofsandart.“Iknowthatmycreationsexistonlyforawhile,butIbelievethattobeabsolutelynormalbecauseartmirrorslife.Weliveeverymomentofourlife,butit’snotpossibletorepeatthose.ThesameisthecasewithwhatIdo,”Simonovaconcludes.(藝術(shù)家創(chuàng)作的圖像只存在幾秒鐘。然而，Simonova并沒有因為沙藝術(shù)的短暫性而感到震驚?！拔抑牢业淖髌分淮嬖谝欢螘r間，但我相信這是絕對正常的，因為藝術(shù)反映了生活。我們過著生命中的每一刻，但不可能重復這些。我的工作也是如此，”Simonova總結(jié)道。)”可知，關(guān)于沙藝術(shù)的短暫性，Simonova認為藝術(shù)反映了生活，生活中的每一刻都不可能重復。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Artisauniversallanguage.Musicisauniversallanguage.Loveisauniversallanguage.Now,it’stheturnofsandtobementionedinsuchterms.Inherwork,sandartistKseniyaSimonovamixesart,musicandlovetocreateherownmediumwhichcanbeunderstoodandappreciatedbyeveryone.(藝術(shù)是一種通用語言。音樂是世界通用的語言。愛是世界通用的語言?，F(xiàn)在輪到沙子被這樣提及了。在她的作品中，沙藝術(shù)家KseniyaSimonova將藝術(shù)，音樂和愛情混合在一起，創(chuàng)造了她自己的媒介，可以被每個人理解和欣賞。)”以及文章第四段“Theimagescreatedbytheartistliveonlyforafewseconds.However,Simonovaisnotinanywayalarmedbythemomentaryaspectofsandart.“Iknowthatmycreationsexistonlyforawhile,butIbelievethattobeabsolutelynormalbecauseartmirrorslife.Weliveeverymomentofourlife,butit’snotpossibletorepeatthose.ThesameisthecasewithwhatIdo,”Simonovaconcludes.(藝術(shù)家創(chuàng)作的圖像只存在幾秒鐘。然而，Simonova并沒有因為沙藝術(shù)的短暫性而感到震驚?！拔抑牢业淖髌分淮嬖谝欢螘r間，但我相信這是絕對正常的，因為藝術(shù)反映了生活。我們過著生命中的每一刻，但不可能重復這些。我的工作也是如此，”Simonova總結(jié)道。)”可知，本文主要介紹KseniyaSimonova和她的沙子藝術(shù)，因此最佳標題應(yīng)該是選項C“KseniyaSimonova:paintingtheworldwithsand(KseniyaSimonova：用沙子描繪世界)”。故選C。CTheGrandCanal,alargewaterwaythatfirstconnectednorthandsouthChinaover1400yearsago,isshorterthanitoncewas,butitisstillthelongestman-maderiverintheworld.TheoriginalCanalsystembeganaroundtheyear605.China’semperorrealizedthatheneededabetterwaytofeedhisarmy.Specifically,heneededawaytomovefoodquicklyfromChina’ssouthernrice-growingregiontothecountry’snorth.Thus,hespent6yearsonconstructionofthefirstsectionoftheGrandCanal,connectingexistingcanals,lakesandrivers.However,by1127,partshadbeguntoworsen.In1279,KublaiKhanbegantorepairandcreateamoredirectnorth-southroutetoandfromBeijing.TheGrandCanalwasalsoanimportantculturalchannel.Soldiers,merchantsandartiststransportedideas,regionalfoodsandculturalpracticesfromonepartofChinatoanother.ItissaidthatPekingduckandthePeckingoperawerebothbroughtnorthviathecanal.Eventoday,thecountry’swateryhighwayplaysanimportanteconomicroleinChina.Inaddition,localgovernments,eagertoincreasetourismandrealestate(房地產(chǎn))development,arebeautifyingareasalongtheCanal.Thisdevelopmentcomesataprice,though.InYangzhou,thecitygovernmenthastorndownalmostalloftheolderCanal-sidebuildings.FarthersouthinthecitiesofZhenjiang,WuxiandHangzhou,thesituationissimilar.“Traditionally,wetalkabouteighteenmaincitiesontheGrandCanal,andeachhadsomethinguniqueandspecialaboutit.”explainsZhouXihua,thedirectoroftheGrandCanalmuseum.“Butnowmanyofthesecitiesareallthesame:athousandpeoplewithoneface.”In2005agroupofcitizensproposedthatthehistoricGrandCanalbemadeaUNESCOworldheritagesite.Thestatuswouldprotectboththewaterwayandarchitecturearoundit.“Everygenerationwantsthenextgenerationtounderstandit,tolookatitsmonuments.”saidZhuBingren,anartistwhocowrotethisproposal.UNESCOstatuswasofficiallygrantedin2014.ThehopenowisthatthegrandCanal,oneoftheworld’sgreatengineeringaccomplishments,willcontinuetolinknorthandsouthChinaforcenturiestocome.8.WhywastheGrandCanaloriginallybuilt?A.Toallowhisarmytomovemorequickly.B.Totransportfoodfromthesouthtothenorth.C.ToenablepeopletovisitremotepartsofChina.D.Topromotetheculturalandtraditionaldiversity.9.WhatisnottrueabouttheGrandCanal?A.Itisthelongestman-maderiverintheworld.B.Itorginallycompleteconstructionintheyear611.C.Itsoriginalnorth-southrouteistoandfromBeijing.D.ItallowedPekingduckandthePekingoperatospread.10.Whatistheunderlinesentencemeaninginparagaph4?A.Developingthecanalinvolvesspendingalotofmoney.B.Evenafterspendingmoney,peopledislikethedevelopment.C.Developingitismoreexpensivethanonecanimagine.D.Therearesomenegativeconsequencestothisdevelopment.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.ThehistoryoftheGrandCanal. B.TheintroductionoftheGrandCanal.C.TheconstructionoftheGrandCanal. D.TheproectionoftheGrandCanal.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.B【解析】【導語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了大運河的發(fā)展歷史和意義，以及在當代所遭受的破壞和人們?yōu)楸Ｗo大運河所做出的努力?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Specifically,heneededawaytomovefoodquicklyfromChina’ssouthernrice-growingregiontothecountry’snorth.Thus,hespent6yearsonconstructionofthefirstsectionoftheGrandCanal,connectingexistingcanals,lakesandrivers.(具體來說，他需要一種將糧食從中國南部水稻種植區(qū)快速運送到該國北部的方法。于是，他花了6年時間修建了第一段大運河，連接了現(xiàn)有的運河、湖泊和河流)”可知，當初修建大運河是為了把糧食從南方運到北方。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thus,hespent6yearsonconstructionofthefirstsectionoftheGrandCanal,connectingexistingcanals,lakesandrivers.However,by1127,partshadbeguntoworsen.In1279,KublaiKhanbegantorepairandcreateamoredirectnorth-southroutetoandfromBeijing.(于是，他花了6年時間修建了第一段大運河，連接了現(xiàn)有的運河、湖泊和河流。然而，到了1127年，部分情況開始變糟糕。1279年，忽必烈開始修復和開辟一條更加直接的往返北京的南北航線)”可知，大運河原有的南北航線和往返北京的航線不是一條線。C項“其原有的南北航線為往返北京?！笔清e誤的，故選C。【10題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線句子下文“InYangzhou,thecitygovernmenthastorndownalmostalloftheolderCanal-sidebuildings.FarthersouthinthecitiesofZhenjiang,WuxiandHangzhou,thesituationissimilar.(在揚州，市政府拆除了幾乎所有運河沿岸的舊建筑。再往南的鎮(zhèn)江、無錫、杭州等城市，情況也類似。)”可知，為了發(fā)展，一些城市拆除了幾乎所有運河沿岸的舊建筑，這是發(fā)展所帶來的負面后果，由此可推知劃線句子意為“這種發(fā)展帶來了一些負面后果”，故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“TheGrandCanal,alargewaterwaythatfirstconnectednorthandsouthChinaover1400yearsago,isshorterthanitoncewas,butitisstillthelongestman-maderiverintheworld.(大運河是1400多年前首次連接中國南北的大水道，雖然比以前短了，但它仍然是世界上最長的人工河流。)”可知，文章主要介紹了大運河，包括其發(fā)展歷史和意義，以及在當代所遭受的破壞和人們?yōu)楸Ｗo大運河所做出的努力。故選B。DInthethickjungleofNewGuineaisnature’smostamazingtheater,aCarola’sparotia(天堂鳥)isshowingoffhisredandyellowfeathersinadisplaycalleda“butterflydance.”Thisbrilliantlycoloredbirdsofparadisehavedevelopedovermillionsofyearsfromancientbirdswhosefeathersweredarkandboringincomparison.Itseemstobeacontradiction(矛盾)thatsuchextremefeathersandcolorscouldhavebeenfavoredbytheprocessofevolution.Afterall,thesesamebrightlycoloredfeathersthatattractmatesalsomakethebirdsmuchmorenoticeabletopredators(捕食者).Theanswerliesinthesafeenvironmentinwhichthebirdslive,andaprocessofevolutionknownassexualselection.Exceptforotherpressures,birdsofparadisebegintospecializeinattractingmates.Overmillionsofyearstheyhaveslowlyundergonechangesintheircolors,feathersandothertalents.Characteristicsthatmadeonebirdmoreattractivethananotherwerepassedonandimpoveovertime.Inthepast,demandforthebird’sfeathersresultedinahugeamountofhunting.Atthepeakofthetradeintheearly1900s,80,000skinsayearwereexportedfromNewGuineatoEuropeladies’hats.Nowadays,fewbirdsdieforfashionorfortraditionalcostumes:Ceremonialfeathersarepasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.Althoughlocalpeoplearestillpermittedtohuntthebirdsfortraditionaluses,theyusuallytargetoldermalebirds,leavingyoungermalestocontinuebreeding.DavidMitchell,aconservationist,isrelyingonthehelpoflocalvillagerstorecordwherethebirdsdisplayandwhattheyeat.Hehopestonotonlygatherdata,butalsoencourageprotectionofthebirds’habitat.Thestrategyseemstobeworking.Formillionsofyears,theseimpressivebirdshavedancedtofindtheirmates.Theywillkeepdancingforaslongastheforestoffersthemstage.12.Whydothebirdsofparadiseevlovethebrightcholors?A.Tofrightenawaypredators. B.Toexeciseandcleanbodies.C.Toshowthepossessionofanarea. D.Toattractamate’sattention.13.Whatcausedsomanybirdsofparadisedieintheearly1900s?A.Industrialdevelopmentdestroyedtheirhabitat. B.Ahighdemandforfeatherstouseinhats.C.Theywereeatenbythepredators. D.Theygotsickafterinteactionswithhuman.14.Whydolocalpeoplecontinuetohuntbirdsofparadise?A.Toeatthem. B.Toprotectsmallerbirds.C.Tomaketraditionalcostumes. D.Tokeeptheirnumbersdown.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.FeathersofLove B.TroubleinParadiseC.AnAmazingperformance D.TheProtectionofBirdsofParadise【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了天堂鳥的求偶行為和進化過程，以及人類對天堂鳥的影響和保護措施?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Itseemstobeacontradiction(矛盾)thatsuchextremefeathersandcolorscouldhavebeenfavoredbytheprocessofevolution.Afterall,thesesamebrightlycoloredfeathersthatattractmatesalsomakethebirdsmuchmorenoticeabletopredators(捕食者).(這似乎是一個矛盾。畢竟，這些吸引配偶的色彩鮮艷的羽毛也使它們更容易被捕食者注意到)”以及“Exceptforotherpressures,birdsofparadisebegintospecializeinattractingmates.Overmillionsofyearstheyhaveslowlyundergonechangesintheircolors,feathersandothertalents.(除了其他的壓力，天堂鳥開始專注于吸引配偶。在數(shù)百萬年的時間里，它們慢慢地經(jīng)歷了顏色、羽毛和其他才能的變化)”可知，天堂鳥進化了鮮艷的顏色是為了吸引配偶的注意。故選D。【13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Inthepast,demandforthebird’sfeathersresultedinahugeamountofhunting.Atthepeakofthetradeintheearly1900s,80,000skinsayearwereexportedfromNewGuineatoEuropeladies’hats.(在過去，對鳥類羽毛的需求導致了大量的狩獵。在20世紀初的貿(mào)易高峰期，每年有8萬張皮從新幾內(nèi)亞出口到歐洲的女士帽子)”可知，20世紀初，由于用于女士帽子的裝飾的羽毛需求量很大，所以很多天堂鳥被獵殺。故選B?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Nowadays,fewbirdsdieforfashionorfortraditionalcostumes:Ceremonialfeathersarepasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.Althoughlocalpeoplearestillpermittedtohuntthebirdsfortraditionaluses,theyusuallytargetoldermalebirds,leavingyoungermalestocontinuebreeding.(如今，很少有鳥為時尚或傳統(tǒng)服裝而死：儀式用的羽毛是代代相傳的。盡管當?shù)鼐用袢员辉试S以傳統(tǒng)用途狩獵鳥類，但他們通常以年老的雄鳥為目標，讓年輕的雄鳥繼續(xù)繁殖)”可知，當?shù)厝死^續(xù)獵殺天堂鳥是因為傳統(tǒng)用途。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Exceptforotherpressures,birdsofparadisebegintospecializeinattractingmates.Overmillionsofyearstheyhaveslowlyundergonechangesintheircolors,feathersandothertalents.Characteristicsthatmadeonebirdmoreattractivethananotherwerepassedonandimproveovertime.(除了其他的壓力，天堂鳥開始專注于吸引配偶。在數(shù)百萬年的時間里，它們慢慢地經(jīng)歷了顏色、羽毛和其他才能的變化。使一只鳥比另一只鳥更有吸引力的特征會隨著時間的推移而遺傳和改進)”以及最后一段“Formillionsofyears,theseimpressivebirdshavedancedtofindtheirmates.Theywillkeepdancingforaslongastheforestoffersthemstage.(數(shù)百萬年來，這些令人印象深刻的鳥類一直在跳舞尋找配偶。只要森林能給它們提供舞臺，它們就會一直跳舞)”再結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了天堂鳥利用自己色彩鮮艷的羽毛，跳舞來尋找配偶。由此可知，F(xiàn)eathersofLove(愛之羽毛)適合作本文最佳標題。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。ShortNapsHaveMajorBenefitsforYourMindForatime,researchwasbothforandagainstnapping.Manystudiesshowedmoodandcognitionbenefitsfrommiddayrest,___16___Thatleftsomeexpertshesitanttoofferadviceonnaps.Morerecentresearch,though,hasclarifiedthatdifferenttypesofnapshavedifferenteffects.Anumberofscientistsnowthinkthesweetspotisabout20to30minutes.Shortnapsdoindeedhavecognitivebenefits,especiallysignificantimprovementsincertainkindsofmemoryandinformation-processingspeed.___17___Noonetalksaboutmoodenough,but,tiredpeopletendtobeangrypeople.___18___Evenashort,10-minutenapwillrefreshaperson.Ifsomeonedoesalittlelonger,thecognitivebenefitslastalittlebitlongeraswell,andthat’swhyhalfanhour,giveortakeabit,hasemergedasagoodnapspan.Cognitivebenefitsdoshowupafternapsthatextendpast30minutes,andthosebenefitslastlonger.___19___Eventhoughtheunevennesscanpassrelativelyquicklyandnoteveryonegetsit,manypeoplefinditunpleasant.Longernapsarealsoassociatedwithsomehealthproblems.Thosewhonappedformorethan30minutesatatimewere23percentmorelikelytobeobesethanthosewhodidn’tnapatall.Theywerealsomorelikelytohaveacombinationofhighbloodpressure,highcholesterol,andotherhealthissues.___20___A.andthatmakesiteasiertowakeup.B.Itdoesn’ttakemuchsleeptoseetheseimprovements.C.Anapalsosimplymakesmanypeoplefeelbetter.D.Butitisprobablyadiseasethatcausestheextranapping.E.yetothersfoundlinkstopoorhealth,especiallyinolderadults.F.Inaddition,longnapsreducethebody’sabilitytolosefatonadiet.G.Butlongernapsletapersonincreaseunevenfeelingonwaking.【答案】16.E17.C18.B19.G20.F【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了短暫的小睡對你的大腦有很大的好處?！?6題詳解】上文“Foratime,researchwasbothforandagainstnapping.(有一段時間，研究既有支持也有反對午睡的。)”指出研究既有支持也有反對午睡的，下文“Thatleftsomeexpertshesitanttoofferadviceonnaps.(這使得一些專家對于提供小睡建議猶豫不決)”指出一些專家對于提供小睡建議猶豫不決，這說明一些人指出小睡沒有好處，所以一些專家猶豫不決是否該建議人們小睡，E項“然而還有一些人發(fā)現(xiàn)與健康狀況不佳有關(guān)，尤其是老年人?！狈?，和上文“Manystudiesshowedmoodandcognitionbenefitsfrommiddayrest(許多研究表明午間休息對情緒和認知有好處)”一起呼應(yīng)第一句話“Foratime,researchwasbothforandagainstnapping.”，故選E?！?7題詳解】上文“Shortnapsdoindeedhavecognitivebenefits,especiallysignificantimprovementsincertainkindsofmemoryandinformation-processingspeed.(短暫的小睡確實對認知有好處，尤其是對某些記憶和信息處理速度的顯著改善)”指出短暫的小睡對認知有好處，下文“Noonetalksaboutmoodenough,but,tiredpeopletendtobeangrypeople.(沒有人談?wù)撟銐虻那榫w，但是，疲憊的人往往是憤怒的人。)”指出疲憊的人往往是憤怒的人，換言之，短暫的小睡對情緒有好處，可以消除疲憊，使人們感覺更好，空處引起下文，也應(yīng)是介紹短暫小睡的好處，即介紹短暫的小睡對情緒的好處，C項“午睡也能讓許多人感覺更好。”符合，故選C?！?8題詳解】下文“Evenashort,10-minutenapwillrefreshaperson.Ifsomeonedoesalittlelonger,thecognitivebenefitslastalittlebitlongeraswell,andthat’swhyhalfanhour,giveortakeabit,hasemergedasagoodnapspan.(即使是短暫的10分鐘小睡也會讓人精神煥發(fā)。如果有人睡得更久一點，認知益處也會持續(xù)更長時間，這就是為什么半小時（或多或少）被認為是一個很好的小睡時間)”可知，短暫的小睡不需要太長時間，第二段介紹了短暫小睡的好處，由此可知，空處承上啟下，B項“不需要太多睡眠就能看到這些改進?！狈?，it代指上文提到的Shortnaps，theseimprovements指上文提到的短暫的小睡對認知和情緒的好處，故選B?！?9題詳解】上文“Cognitivebenefitsdoshowupafternapsthatextendpast30minutes,andthosebenefitslastlonger.(午睡時間超過30分鐘后，認知益處確實會顯現(xiàn)出來，而且這些益處會持續(xù)更長時間。)”指出午睡時間超過30分鐘后，認知益處確實會顯現(xiàn)出來，下文“Eventhoughtheunevennesscanpassrelativelyquicklyandnoteveryonegetsit,manypeoplefinditunpleasant.(盡管這種不均勻現(xiàn)象可以相對較快地消失，而且并不是每個人都能感受到，但許多人還是覺得不舒服。)”提到了“不均衡現(xiàn)象”，且指出不均衡的現(xiàn)象讓人感覺不舒服，由此可知，空處應(yīng)引起下文，也與“不均衡現(xiàn)象”有關(guān)，且和上文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，G項“但較長的小睡會讓人在醒來時增加不平衡的感覺。”符合，theunevenfeeling呼應(yīng)下文的theunevenness。故選G?！?0題詳解】上文“Thosewhonappedformorethan30minutesatatimewere23percentmorelikelytobeobesethanthosewhodidn’tnapatall.Theywerealsomorelikelytohaveacombinationofhighbloodpressure,highcholesterol,andotherhealthissues.(那些一次小睡超過30分鐘的人比那些根本不小睡的人肥胖的可能性高出23%。他們也更有可能同時患有高血壓、高膽固醇和其他健康問題)”指出了小睡超過30分鐘導致的不良后果，空處承接上文，也應(yīng)談?wù)撔∷^長產(chǎn)生的不良后果，F(xiàn)項“此外，長時間的小睡會降低身體通過節(jié)食減肥的能力。”符合，故選F。第II卷第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Elephantshaveagoodmemoryandtheycanrecallthesmellofarelativeevenafteradecadeapart.WhenFranziskaHornerandherteam___21___plannedreunions(團聚)betweentwomother-daughterpairsatzoosinGermany,theytookadvantageofthechancetotesttheelephants’___22___.Onepairhadbeen___23___fortwoyears,___24___theotherhadspent12yearsapart.Franziska___25___faecal(排泄物的)samplesfromtheseAfricanelephantsandothersatGermanzoos,carryingthesmelly10-to-15-kilogramfaecesaroundinhertinycar.Herteam___26___thesesamplesoneatatimetothefourelephants___27___theirreunions.Whentheyencounteredfaecesfrom___28___elephants,eitherthoseinthesamezooorunfamiliaranimals,theysniffed(聞)thefaecespilesandwalkedaway.Butwhenpresentedwitha___29___fromthemotherordaughtertheywereduetobereunitedwith,thefemaleelephants____30____sniffedthesamplesandshowedavarietyof____31____,frommakingdeepsoundstoswingingtheirears.Suchreactionsmaybelinkedtopositiveemotions,theresearcherssay.“Thatwasamazingandintense,”saysFranziska.“Weweresuretheydid____32____,andtheyknewexactlywhattheywere____33____there.Thesamplesizewassmall,butitwouldbe____34____todosimilartestsonelephantsthatweren’tbeingreunited.”“Iamnotsurprisedthatelephantshavememories,especiallyinsocialcontexts,that____35____alongtime,”saysanotherscientist.21.A.heardabout B.worriedabout C.gaveup D.linedup22.A.tastes B.entertainments C.efforts D.memories23.A.ignored B.separated C.abandoned D.observed24.A.once B.until C.while D.because25.A.cleaned B.mixed C.collected D.adjusted26.A.presen