江蘇省南京2024屆高三下第一次測試英語試題含解析

江蘇省南京2024屆高三下第一次測試英語試題注意事項：1．答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫清楚，將條形碼準確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。2．選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題必須使用0．5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫，字體工整、筆跡清楚。3．請按照題號順序在各題目的答題區(qū)域內作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效；在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效。4．保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，不準使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．Weallknowthatgoodresults________foryouwhenyoustartdoingthingsyoulove.A．arewaitingB．havewaitedC．havebeenwaitingD．willbewaiting2．—Doyouknowwhytheteacherasksforme?—Hewantsyouto________yourabsencelastnight.A．accountfor B．callforC．sendfor D．reachfor3．Theycarryout________checksonmilkproductstomakesurethattheyareofhighquality.A．commonB．naturalC．ordinaryD．regular4．Thesplitbetweenhumansandlivingapesisthoughtbysomescholars____15to20millionyearsago.A．tooccur B．occurring C．tohaveoccurred D．havingoccurred5．Thepartylastmonthreallygavemealotoffun.Socanwehavethismonth,Mr.James?A．any B．one C．another D．theother6．Localslivedinrather________conditionsuntilthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChinain1949.A．precious B．primitiveC．precise D．prior7．Thiskindofgelpenwhich______smoothlyisquitepopularwithstudents.A．iswrittenB．iswritingC．wroteD．writes8．—Cathy,inmyopinion,isvery________.—Absolutely!Sheprefershomelifetogoingout.A．domestic B．energeticC．dynamic D．enthusiastic9．Mysistermethiminthestreetyesterdayafternoon,sohe______yourlecture.A．shouldn’thaveattended B．couldn’thaveattendedC．mustn’thaveattended D．needn’thaveattended10．Thebooksonthedesk,coversareshiny,areprizesforus.A．which B．what C．whose D．that11．Theshockingnewsmademerealize______terribleproblemswewouldface.A.that B．how C．what D．why12．—Doyoufeellikegoingtothecinematonight?—Sorry,I’msotired．I____anearlynight．A．have B．amhaving C．havehad D．had13．—YouspeakverygoodFrench!—Thanks.I__________FrenchinSichuanUniversityforfouryears.A．studied B．study C．wasstudying D．hadstudied14．Thiskindofglassesmadebyexperiencedcraftsmen_________comfortably.A．iswornB．wearsC．wearing D．areworn15．Thecreationcankeeppeopleawayfromtheirsmartphonesinawaysimilarto________e﹣cigaretteshaveallowedpeopletoquitsmoking．A．that B．howC．which D．what16．—Whydidyoulet____kidsoffthistime?—Ijustwanttogivethem____secondchance．A．/;the B．the;/ C．the;the D．the;a17．________amazedusgreatlywasthatLindacouldspeakfivelanguages.A．That B．What C．Which D．Why18．Frankstudied_____EnglishlanguageinLondonforfouryears,sohegets____goodknowledgeofLondon.A．a;the B．/;/C．/;a D．the;a19．—Excuseme,Iwonderifyoucanhelpme?—Sure.______?A．Whathelp B．Whatisthis C．Whatisit D．Whatdoyouwant20．Theyintendedtohavetheschoolbetterequipped，thelocalgovernmentwas notabletogetenoughmoneytodoso.A．unless B．while C．although D．once第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21．（6分）Connectingwithpeoplehasbecomesomucheasierwithadvancingtechnology.Tasksthatoncerequiredapostagestamporcarrierpigeonarenowassimpleastappinganameorevenafaceonyourscreen,andyou’reconnected.Butalsoeasierisunconsciouslygettingcaughtupinadilemmabyviolatingcertainnewrulesforcommunicating.Abigoneforsome:Don’tcalluntilyou’vetextedtoconfirmit’sOKtocall.Butthat’sjustthebeginning.“I’musuallyprettymildandnotmuchbothersme,”saidMarkAngielle,a29-year-oldofficemanagerfromWhitePlains,NewYork.Buttheonethingthathehatesmorethananythingelseinlifeistheterribleone-wordmessage—“K.”“Attheveryleastreplywith,Gotit.”hesaid“Atleastgivemeafewwordshere.You’renotthatbusy.”Therearehundreds,perhapseventhousands,ofotherswhohavetakenLosocialmediatoexpresstheirdistasteforpeoplewhodon’tfollowtheunwrittenrulesofdigitalcommunication.“Theserulesaresimplyanewdisplayofaphenomenonwe’veseeninthepast,”saidJamesIvory,professorofcommunicationaVirginiaTech.Inthesamewaythatgenerationsandsmallgroupsoffriendshavetheirownslangandcustoms,internetculturehasgivenbirthtotechnology-dependentbeingsthathavetheirownuniquesetofroutine.Butnoteveryonegetsthepoint.Unlikelanguage,digitalcommunicationcanbefilledwithambiguousclues(線索、跡象)thatthepersonontheotherendofthecall,textoremailmayormaynoteasilyunderstand.“Assoonaspeoplearen’ttalkingfacetoface,thefirstthingthatgetslostissomeoftherichnessofthebodylanguage,”Ivorysaid,“Peopleimmediatelyfillthatgapbyusingemoji(表情符號)tosumupafeelinginseconds.“There'sgreatpotentialfordanger,”Ivorywarned.“What'sconsideredpoliteinoneformmightbeinappropriateorrudeinanotheroccasion.”1、WhatcanyouinferaboutMarkfromParagraph2?A．Heisabusinessmanwithabadtemper.B．Hecomplainsaboutsocialmanners.C．Hecan’tbearone-wordmessages.D．Hedislikeabusybusinesslife.2、Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingbreakstherulesforcommunicating?A．Johnsays“Igotit.”tohisbossfacetoface.B．JimcallsBillwithoutconfirminginadvance.C．MarytextsLilytomakesureifshecancallher.D．Jacksends“Thanksalot”tohisbusinessfriends.3、Whymaypeoplemisunderstandeachotherduringdigitalcommunication?A．Emojicannotsumupfeelings.B．Peopleusetheirownslangandcustoms.C．Therearelargequantitiesofwrittenrules.D．Peoplegetswrongmessageswithoutclearclues.4、Whatarepeopleexpectedtodoafterreadingtiepassage?A．Toobeytheirowndigitalcommunicationrules.B．Tobeawareofrulesduringdigitalcommunication.C．Touseadvancingtechnologyevenwithdisadvantages.D．Tokeeppacewithdigitalcommunicationdevelopment.22．（8分）MydaughterwenttoseeTheWildOnerecentlyandshecommentedthatMarlonBrandowaswearingjeanssolongago.Ofcoursehehelpedsetthetrend,sothatgotmethinkingaboutthelinkbetweenfilmsandtrendsinfashion.Fashionandfilmshavegonehandinhandforlong.TheWildOneisagoodexample:itappearedin1954,starringBrando.Dressedinablackleathermotorcyclejacket,leathercapandjeans,hecreatedalookwhichisstillconsidered“cool”today.EveryonefromMadonnatomiddle-agedmenisseenwearingtheclassicleathermotorcyclejacket.AnotherstronginfluenceonfashiontrendswasBreakfastatTiffany's,starringAudreyHepburn.ShemadefamousthesimpleblackdressthatlooksperfectateitheracocktailpartyorjuststandingaroundanexpensivedepartmentstorelikeTiffany'swithapastryandcoffeeinyourhand,asAudreyHepburndoesinthefilm.Shelookssoelegant,wearingsimplebutbeautifuldresses,bigdarkglassesandastringofpearlsaroundherneck.AudreyHepburnstillinfluenceswomen’sfashionwithher“Tiffany’slook”.Inmoremoderntimes,thefilmstarUmaThurmancreatedamajorfashiontrendwhensheappearedinthefilmPulpFiction,madein1994.Herstylewasverysimple.Herblacktrousers,crispwhiteshirtandhairstylewascopiedbywomenintheworld.Influencingfashiontrendscanoftenbeabouttiming.ThemovieMemoirsofaGeishacamejustintimetostartatrendinJapanesefashion.ItstartedtheChineseactressZhangZiyi,whoworebeautifulsilkkimonos(和服）,anditwonanOscarforCostumeDesign.Manytravelcompaniespickeduponthetrendandran“geishatrips”toJapan.Thefilmhasalsoledtoaregainedinterestinkimonos.ItisnowquitecommontoseeyoungJapanesewomenwearingkimonosnotjustontraditionaloccasions,butatvarioussocialevents.Thefashionisalsobeginningtospreadtowesterncountries.1、Whatmadetheauthorthinkabouttherelationshipbetweenmoviesandfashiontrends?A．TheWildOneshow.B．InfluenceofthefilmBreakfastatTiffany's.C．MarlonBrandosettingthetrend.D．Hisdaughter'swords.2、WhowillpeopleassociateMadonnawearingtheleathermotorcyclejacketwith?A．MarlonBrando.B．AudreyHepburn,C．UmaThurman.D．ZhangZiyi.3、WhatisimpliedinthefilmBreakfastinTiffany’saccordingtothepassage?A．Onecanbeactivebywearingblack.B．OnecanbestylishbyeatingatTiffany’s.C．Onecanbefamousbylookingperfect.D．Onecanbeelegantbywearingsimply.4、WhatdoesthefilmMemoirsofaGeishaleadto?A．Therecoveryofinterestinkimonos.B．TheworldwidereadingofGeishastories.C．ThepopularityoftheChineseactress.D．The“geishatrips”tosocialevents.23．（8分）Iremembermychildhoodsummersfondly,asmanyofusdo.ThosegoldendaysinwhichIwouldleavethehouseafterastillsleepy,leisurelybreakfastandcomehomeonlyforlunchinthemiddleofadayspententirelyoutdoors.Wedidnotliveintownand,thus,playmateswerelimitedtosiblings(兄弟姐妹)andthecousinswholiveddowntheroad.Ourbackyardbecametheplaygroundinwhichourimaginationswouldrunwild—turningthosefewacresintomagicalforests,thecreek(小溪)intoaviolentriverandourtrustydog,Rex,intothemanyrolesofhorse,monsterandanyothercreaturethatwechildrendidnotwanttoplay.Bytheendofthethreemonthsofsummerbreakweweresunburnedfromourhoursinthesun,fullofthememoriesofathousandmagicalmomentsandbondedtooursiblingsinawaythatwinter’sforcedhibernation(冬眠)neverseemedtoconnectus.Today,IliveonthesameacreagethatIdidasachild.Mychildrenhavetheblessingofhavingthesamegrassypatchestoscratchtheirbarefeetastheyrunthroughit,thesamecreektostomp(跺腳)through,andnotthesamedog—buttheirveryownenergeticpuptoimagineawaythedayswith.However,thisisnotthesameworldasitwastwenty,thirtyyearsago.Therearescreenseverywhereinthehousetodemandattention—televisionswithhundredsofchannels,computerswithaccesstoathousandentertainingsites,tabletsstockedwithapps.Thereisalsonolongertheexpectationofastretchofanunscheduledthreemonths.Theirschoolfriendstellcompetitivestoriesofcarefullyplannedvacations,spendingtimetravelingtoallofthelocalattractions—variousparks,thezoo,thesciencecenter,allofthefestivalswhichcomebreezingthroughtown.Ontheveryfirstdayofschooltheywillbeaskedtolisttheirfavoriteactivitiesofthesummerandnolongeraretheselistsfilledwiththingslikefindingwoodtomakeabridgeoveracreekoradayspentinimaginativeplaywiththeirsiblings.Thelistsarenowfulloftrips,overscheduleddaysand“camps”thatnolongerofferastayinnature.Ourchildrenhavebecomeusedtobeingentertainedeveryminute.Inourhouse,wehavelimitsonelectronicsandkickthekidsoutsideonaniceday.Evenaswetryasparentstosetlimitsandgetourchildrenoutinnature,thenewcryofchildhoodseemstobe“I’mbored,”whichisnotreallyjustmeaning“I’mbored,”“but“Pleasefindsomethingtoentertainme,asInolongercanentertainmyselfevenforashortperiodoftime.”O(jiān)urchildrennolongerknowhowtositinsilence,entertainthemselveswhileevenwaitingforafewminutesandhavelosttheaweofnatureastheyhavebecomeaddictedtoscreentime.Wehavemadeachoiceinthishouseholdtodowhatisnolongerexpectedofchildreninmanyhouseholds—wewillensurethattherearedaysof“boredom.”Werefusetospendourdaysschedulingourchildren’severyhour.Therewillbemanydayswithnoplansatall,whentheywillbesentoutsidewithonlythegrassandthetreesandtheirownimaginationstoentertainthem.Thescreenswillbeturnedoffandourchildrenwillfindthattimesofquietcanbejustasorevenmoreentertaining.Theywillbondwiththeirbrotherandsister,makingmemoriesthattheywillreplayintheirmindswellintoadulthood.Eventhoughsunscreenwillbereligiouslyapplied,theywillleavesummerwithsunburnedandscratchescomingfromclimbingtrees,stompingthroughcreeksandchasingthedoginthefield.ThissummerIwillbegivingmychildrenthegreatestgiftofall—boredom.Forinsideboredomisthegiftofgettingtoknowyourownmind,offindingcomfortandjoyinnatureandintherealizationthatthegreatestgiftsareexperience,notthings.1、Fromthefirsttwoparagraphswecanknowthattheauthor.A．participatedinmanyorganizedactivitiesB．enjoyedanunscheduledvacationC．exploredmagicalforestsandaviolentriverD．realizedthestrengthofpatience2、Theauthorthinkstoday’schildren’sactivitiesare.A．lessmeaningfulB．lessaccessibleC．morerelatedtonatureD．moreinlinewiththenatureofplay3、Whatistherealreasonforchildren’sfeelingofboredom?A．Childrenareaddictedtoscreentime.B．Childrenarelimitedtousingelectronics.C．Childrenhavenopatiencewitheverything.D．Childrenlacktheexperienceofexploringentertainment.4、Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardshischildren’schildhood?A．Sympathetic.B．Envious.C．Unsatisfactory.D．Indifferent.5、Whatisheauthor’spurposetoensurechildrenthedaysof“boredom”?A．Tokeepchildrenawayfromelectronics.B．Toencouragechildrentoclimbtreesandstompthroughcreeks.C．Tosetasidemoretimetoimprovetheiracademicperformance.D．Toprovidechildrenwiththeopportunitytoseekhappinessinnature.6、Whatmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．ThegiftofboredomB．ThememoryofchildhoodC．TheattractionofnatureD．Theexperienceoftwogenerations24．（8分）InanicecottagewithalargegardeninasmalltownofEngland,Hewasseentowaterorfertilizehisflowersallthetime.Thegardenwasobviouslywell-tendedandtheflowersweresogorgeousthateverypasser-bywouldstopferalook.Itwaslikeababythatwastakengoodcareof.Onedayayoungpainterwentbytheoldman’sgarden.Hestaredatthesplendidgardenandthespecialcottage,completelylostinadmirationatthebeautyofthesesights,picturinghowhappyhewouldbeifhelivedinsuchabeautifulplace.Then,suddenlyhefoundthegardenerwasblind.Shocked,thepainterapproachedhim,asking,“Whyareyoubusylookingaftertheseflowerseverydaybutinfactyoucannotseethem?”Theblindmansmiled,“Icantellyousomereasons.First,IwasagardenerwhenIwasyoung.IsawtheflowerseverydayandIreallyenjoythejob.Second,althoughIcan’tseetheseflowersnow,Icantouchthem.Third,Icansmellthesweetnessofthem.Astothelastone,that'syou.”“Me?Butyoudon’tknowme.”respondedthepainter,puzzledstill.“Yeah,it’struethatIdon’tknowyou.ButIknowflowersarelikeangels.Iknowmanypeoplewhoareenthusiasticaboutlifewouldstopbyandthebeautyofmygardenwillgetthemintoagoodmood.Meanwhile,Theyalsogivemeachancetohaveawordwithyouhereandtoenjoythehappinesstheseflowershavebroughtus.”Theoldman’swordstouchedthepainter.Hegrewflowersandregardedthemasalinkofminds.Everyflowerhadeyeswithwhichtheycouldseekindnessoftheoldman'sheartandthesweetnessofhissoul.Hegrewflowersinhisheart.JustlikeBeethoven,whowasdeaf,butcomposedaseaofattractivetunes,theblindmancreatedbeautyfortheworld.1、Whydidmanypasacrs-byliketostopbythegarden?A．Becausetheywantedtohelptheoldman.B．Becausetheywereattractedbytheflowers.C．Becausetheywerecuriousaboutthestories.D．Becausetheyweremovedbythegardener.2、Whatistherelationshipbetweenthepainterandthegardener?A．Friends.B．Neighbours.C．Strangers.D．Relatives.3、Whatdoestheunderlineword“picturing”weaninParagraph2?A．Imagining.B．Guessing.C．Drawing.D．Exploring.4、WhichisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A．Thepainterlosthisway.B．Thepainterlikedhisjob.C．Theoldmanwasblindatbirth.D．Theoldmanwasanoptimisticperson.5、Whatisthebesttitleofthistext?A．AStoryofBlindManB．GrowFlowersintheHeartC．HowtoTakeCareofFlowersD．ADisabledManlikeBeethoven25．（10分）Theweatherisgettinghotterandyou’llbegettingthirstierplayingbasketballorridinghomefromschool.Acolddrinkmaybejustthething.Butbecarefulwhatyoupourdownyourthroat.Somethingthatlookscoolmaynotbegoodforyourhealth.Thereareplentyofso-calledenergydrinksonthemarket.Mostofthemhaveanattractivecolourandcoolname.Theirnutritionlistalsocontainsvariousthingsfromvitaminstoginseng.Soundsgreat!Butafteracarefulcheckyoumayfindthatmostenergydrinkscontainhighlevelsofcaffeine.Thesedrinksaretypicallyaimedatyoungpeople,students,busypeopleandsportsplayers.Makerssometimessaytheirdrinksmakeyoubetteratsportsandcankeepyouawake.Butbecarefulnottodrinktoomuch.Caffeineraisesyourheartbeat.Becauseofthis,theInternationalOlympicCommitteehaslimitedtheiruse.Theamountofcaffeineinmostenergydrinksisatleastashighasinastrongcupofcoffeeorstrongtea.ResearchbyAustralianscientistshasfoundthatmanyteenagersareaffectedbycaffeine.Theresultsoftheirsurveyshowthat27percentofboysaged8-12takeinmorecaffeinethantheirparents.Therearepotentialhealthriskslinkedtoenergydrinks.Justonecanofenergydrinkcanmakeyounervous,havedifficultysleepingandcanevencauseheartattacks.Teenagersshouldbediscouragedfromconsumingdrinkswithalotofcaffeineinthem,anexpertfromtheAustraliaNutritionFoundationsaid.1、Generally,peoplewouldliketo________.A．takevitaminsB．eatginsengC．haveacolddrinkD．haveameal2、TheInternationalOlympicCommitteelimittheuseofcaffeinebecause________.A．itmakesyoubetteratsportsB．itcankeepyouawakeC．itcanmakeyounervousD．itmakeyourheartbeatfast3、Thewritermentionsthefactthat“27percentofboysaged8-12takeinmorecaffeinethantheirparents”toshowthat________.A．caffeinehasaneffectonmanyteenagersB．parentsshouldtakeinmorecaffeineC．thecaffeineproblemisnotseriousD．thegrownupstakelesscaffeinethanchildre第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項．26．（30分）EveryafternoonIgivemyselfsometime.I1withacupofrichdarkchocolate,and2agoodbook.Alltomyself!My3timeoftheday.Untiltoday.TodayGabejoinedme.Hewasalloverme,4atmyarm,andwantingtoplay.Andlwasgettingannoyed.Icouldfeelallthis5buildinginside,thinking"thisismytime”．Iassureyou.Iamagreatmother,6I'malsohuman.Ithinkthesethoughtsoften,butwhatI'mmost7ofisnotactingonthese80rlivingthemout.Sotherelwasholdingitallinside9Gabecontinuedtoclimballovermeuntilthat10steppedin.Itsaid:“Nicole.Don'tbesoself-centered,caringonlyaboutYOUand"your11”.Thereare24hoursinadayandwhosaysthisoneisyours.Gabe12youandinayearfromnow,6monthsfromnow,13anhourfromnow,hewon'tbeneedingyour14andaffectionlikehedoesnow.Sogiveit.Notwhenit's15foryou,butwhenit'sneeded.16thatbook.Embracehim.Lovehim.”SoIdid.Foralmostanhour.AndIstillenjoyedmyhotcup,andmychocolate.Iwaseven17books!Kidsones.Andwithagoodstoryandmoral!Icannever18lifeoreverthinkinanywaythatIcancontrolitbecausesometimeslifehassomethingmuch19thanplanned.ThisisagreatlessonformeandsomethingIam20workingonwithinmyself.1、A．dressupB．turnupC．sitdownD．watchover2、A．buyB．enjoyC．writeD．share3、A．favoriteB．preciousC．hardD．unhappy4、A．laughingB．pointingC．staringD．pulling5、A．angerB．encouragementC．wisdomD．pleasure6、A．orB．butC．soD．for7、A．proudB．sureC．tiredD．afraid8、A．positionsB．conditionsC．theoriesD．thoughts9、A．incaseB．asifC．asD．although10、A．personB．voiceC．orderD．complaint11、A．timeB．hobbyC．healthD．wealth12、A．bothersB．hatesC．needsD．comforts13、A．everB．stillC．yetD．even14、A．directionB．loveC．wisdomD．bravery15、A．dangerousB．necessaryC．easyD．convenient16、A．HoldonB．PickupC．ThrowawayD．Putdown17、A．desertingB．readingC．ignoringD．keeping18、A．denyB．valueC．improveD．plan19、A．betterB．earlierC．quickerD．worse20、A．selflesslyB．anxiouslyC．currentlyD．actually第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）JohnnyCarsonbeganhiscareerintelevisioninhis1．(twenty).FirstheworkedatlocalstationsinNebraska.Severalyears2．(late),hemovedtoLosAngeles,California.Itwas“TheTonightShow”3．madeJohnnyCarsonfamousforthirtyyears.Hebecame4．mostpopularstarofAmericantelevision.He5．(call)“thekingoflatenight”.Critics(評論家)saidAmericansfromallpartsofthecountrylikedhimand6．(feel)theyknewhim.Hedidnottakehisfame7．(serious).Carson’sspecialskillwashissenseofhumor.Audienceslaughedathisjokes8．hemadeatthebeginningofhisshow.However,sometimestheylaughedeven9．(hard)atthejokesthatfailed.Hewasthemostpowerfulperformerontelevision.Manycomediansandsingersbecamesuccessfulafter10．(appear)on“TheTonightShow”.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯（滿分10分）28．（10分）下面短文中有10處語言錯誤。請在有錯誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個單詞。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞作斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。Nowadaysmanypeopledriveinsteadoftakingabusorwalkingtowork、Itcausesmoretrafficaccidents、Asthestude