Unit+1+Science+Fiction+重點單詞短語講與練+高中英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第四冊

Unit1ScienceFiction重點單詞短語講與練根據(jù)英文解釋猜單詞。1.aformalarrangementtomeetorvisitsbataparticulartime,especiallyforareasonconnectedwiththeirwork_____________2.tosaysthofficiallyorpublicly____________3.tosupposethatsthistrue,althoughyoudonothaveactualproof___________4.tousenumberstofindoutatotalnumber,amount,distance,etc._______5.theprocessorresultofdividingintoseparateparts;theprocessorresultofdividingsthorsharingitout__________6.toadviseortryhardtopersuadesbtodosth_________appointmentdeclarepresumecalculatedivisionurge根據(jù)英文解釋猜單詞。7.toburstormakesthburstloudlyandviolently,causingdamage_____________8.somethingisdescribedinawaythatmakesitseemmoreimportantorseriousthanitreallyis.______9.belongingtoadifferentcountry,race,orgroup,oracreaturefromouterspace___________10.amanorwomanwhosejobistosellgoods,forexample,inashop/store_______11.feelingashamedbecauseyouhavedonesththatyouknowiswrongorhavenotdonesththatyoushouldhavedone__________explodeoverstatementaliensalesman/saleswomanliterary根據(jù)英文解釋猜單詞。12.toputthoughtsorfeelingsoutofyourmind;toofficiallyremovesbfromtheirjob__________13.anextraamountofmoneythatisaddedtoapayment,especiallytosb'swagesasareward_____________14.tohangsthfromsthelse;toofficiallystopsthforatime;______15.notclear;withoutaclearoutlineorshape___________16.notclearbecauseofhaze;notclearbecauseofalackofmemory,understandingordetail_______17.wetearththatissoftandsticky__________bonussuspendblurredhazymuddismiss單詞拼寫1.Studentsareaskedtopreparematerialsinadvanceofeach_________(每周的)seminar.

2.Haveyouanyideawherethe

(傳言)started?

3.Themanwantedtogohome,buthecouldbarelyaffordtherailway_____

(費用).

4.It’sdifficultto

(計算)whateffectallthesechangeswillhaveonthecompany.

5.The

(女主席)isupagainstthegreatestchallengetoherposition.

6.Thegovernmenthasdecidedtoincrease

(薪水)forallcivilservants.

7.Marywaschosenforthejobbecauseshewasthe_________(占優(yōu)勢的)candidate.

8.

(勞動者)shortageshaveforcedtheJapaneseintomakingheavyuseofindustrialrobots.

weeklyrumourfarecalculatechairwomansalariessuperiorLabour根據(jù)漢語寫出單詞。9.Thedifferencesbetweenartandlifeseemtohavebecome________(模糊不清的).

10.Ifyouarewrong,admitit.Youwon’tlose

(尊嚴),butwillgainrespect.

11.Thereisa

(沖突)betweenwhattheyaredoingandwhatyouwant.

12.Theywavedhatsand

(手帕)towelcomethereturninghero.

13.Thewindwassostrongthatitpushedmeafewsteps______

(向后).

14.Thelittleboyreachedforthe

(燈),whichstoodinthemiddleofthetable.

blurreddignityconflicthandkerchiefsbackwardslamp1.nailn.&vt.①Hedroveinanailwithonestrokeofthehammer._________②Ihavetriedtodiscouragehimfrombitingnails.__________③Henailedboardstogethertomakeabox._______________2.dismissvt.①Hedismissedmefromtheclubbecauseofmyseriousmistake.___________②Thepupilsweredismissedfromschool._______________③Shetriedtodismisstheideafromhermind.____________一詞多義【n.釘子】【n.指甲】【vt.(用釘子)釘牢；固定】【vt.開除】【vt.讓(某人)離開】【vt.消除】1.testout檢驗；測試→testsb.out試用，試驗，考驗(某人)→testfor...檢驗﹙成分等﹚；對人﹙或物﹚做……檢測﹙或化驗、測試等﹚→put...tothetest使……經(jīng)受考驗；檢驗；試驗Thesoftwarehasbeentestedforviruses.Mynewbossgavemethemostdifficultclientstodealwith.IfelthewasreallytestingmeouttoseeifIwouldcope.該軟件已經(jīng)過病毒測試。我的新老板把最難對付的客戶交給了我。我覺得他是在考驗我，看我能不能應付。重點單詞2.appointmentn.預約；約會；委任→have/makeanappointmentwithsb.約見某人；與某人約會→keep/breakanappointmentwith...守/違→appointvt.委派；任命；指定；約定；確定→appointsb.tobe/as...任命某人(某職)→appointsb.todosth.委派某人做某事→appointedadj.約定的；指定的disappointv.使失望；使破滅，使落空disappointedadj.失望的，沮喪的；disappointingadj.令人失望的，令人掃興的disappointmentn.失望，沮喪；令人失望的人重點單詞3.dismissvt.讓(某人)離開；解散；解雇；消除→dismissfrom...將(某人)從……開除；解雇；使退去→bedismissedfromone'sservice(某人)被免職；被解雇→dismissfearfromone'smind消除(某人)心里的恐懼→dismissaln.解雇；免職；開除IcouldnotunderstandwhyMr.Rochesterhadnotaskedthepolicetoarresther，oratleastdismissedherfromherservice.Shetriedtodismissfearfromhermind.我不明白羅切斯特先生為什么沒有要求警察逮捕她，或者至少解雇她。她試圖消除心中的恐懼。重點單詞4.declarevt.表明；宣稱；公布→declaresb./sth.tobe＋n./adj.宣布/宣稱/某人/某事為……→declarethat...宣布/宣稱/聲明……→declarewaron/upon...向……宣戰(zhàn)→declareagainst...聲明反對→declarefor...聲明贊成→declarationn.宣布，宣告，聲明重點單詞5.bonusn.意外收獲；獎金；紅利（強調(diào)額外的回報，獎金之類）reward強調(diào)應得的回報，報酬award（在某方面杰出而受到認可的）獎品，獎（項）prize（比賽、競賽中獲得的）獎品，獎金【練習】選詞填空：1.ThefirmrecognizedTom’soutstandingworkbygivinghimanextra_______.2.Thekingsaidthatsuchabravesoldierwasworthyof________.3.TheactorwonanAcademy________forhisroleinthefilm.4.First_________inthecompetitionwillbeamealattherestaurantofyourchoice.重點單詞bonusrewardAwardprize6.presumevt.&vi.假設;假定supposev.推斷，料想，猜想；假設，假定assumev.假定，假設，認為presumeon/upon期望；利用→presumedadj.假定的;推測的→presumptionn.放肆,傲慢;推測assumptionn.假定，假設；取得，承擔重點單詞7.calculatevt.推測;計算;核算calculateon指望;期待=counton;lookforwardtobecalculatedfor適合于……；為適合…而設計的→calculatorn.計算器→calculationn.計算;估計;計算的結(jié)果8.dividevt.&vi.(使)分開;分成;除divideinto把……分成divideby除以；用…除divideup瓜分；分割；分配→divisionn.分開;分離;差異;除(法)重點單詞加:plus；add減:minus;subtract乘:multiply;by9.urgen.沖動vt.催促;力勸敦促某人做某事urgesbtodosth=prodsbtodosthhaveanurgetodosth. 渴望做某事→urgent

adj.緊急的,急迫的→urgencyn.緊急;催促;緊急的事→urgentlyadv.緊急地,急迫地10.explodevt.&vi.爆炸;爆破explodeinto爆發(fā)出…=gooff/burstout/breakinto→explosionn.爆炸→explosiveadj.爆炸性的;爆發(fā)性的;n.炸藥;爆炸物重點單詞11.staten.國家;州;情境;vt.規(guī)定;聲明;陳述instate

莊重地；正式地inastateof

處于……的狀態(tài)→statementn.聲稱;聲明;陳述→overstatementn.夸大;夸張12.alienn.外星人(生物);外國人adj.陌生的;外星的;外國人的→alienatevt.使疏遠,離間13.guiltn.有罪；對罪行有責任→guiltyadj.內(nèi)疚的；有罪的；有過失的feelingofguilt內(nèi)疚感;有罪感重點單詞PracticeMakesPerfect!用所給單詞的適當形式填空1.The

(saleswoman)atthesupermarketweretryingtokeepupwiththedemand.

2.Mysister

(suspend)fromherjobshortlyaftertheincident.

3.Whydoweneedtoissuea

(declare)fromthissummit?

4.Studentsareallowed

(take)EuropeanhistoryandAmericanhistory.

5.MrSmithmadean

(appoint)forhissontoseethedoctor.

6.Theparentsfeltashamedfortheirsonwhenhe

(dismiss)bytheboss.

saleswomenwassuspendeddeclarationtotakeappointmentwasdismissed在以下空格內(nèi)填入一個單詞或用所給單詞的適當形式填空：Ifalittlehuman-likerobotbeggedyounottoshutitoff,wouldyoushowsympathy?Inanexperiment1.

(intend)tofindouthowpeopletreatrobotswhentheyactlikehumans,manyparticipantsstruggledtopowerdownabeggingrobotnamedNao.2.

experimentwasconductedbyresearchersinGermany,whosefindings3.

(publish)inthescientificjournalPLOSONE.

TherobotNao,4.

wasdesignedtobegabouthalfoftheparticipantsnottoswitchitoffbutnottheotherhalf,wasused5.

(measure)ifhisbeggingaffectedhowpeoplereacted.

intendedThewerepublishedwhichtomeasure在以下空格內(nèi)填入一個單詞或用所給單詞的適當形式填空：Inonepreviousexperiment,researchersfoundthatpeoplepreferredcommunicatingwithrobotswithcomplementary(互補的)personalitycharacteristicstotheirown.Andsincerobotscanexhibitsocialcharacteristicseither6.

(speak)withhumanvoicesortakingtheshapeofahumanbody,theresearch7.

(suggest)thatpeopletendtoreact“8.____________(especial)socialtothem”.

Theresearcherssaidapossible9.

(explain)fortheirresultswasthatpeopleregardedNao’sbegging10.____“asignofmakingitsowndecision”.

speakingsuggestsespeciallyexplanationasThefollowingpassageisnotfiction,butmorelikeatruestory.Thebossarrangedanappointmentforthesaleswomantotalkwithacustomer.Hedidthisinordertotestoutherintegrity.Hepromisedtoraisehersalaryandevengiveherabonusifshesucceeded.Sheknewthattoclimbtheladderofsuccessshecouldn'tmisstheopportunity.Butitseemedtoherthatthebosswasdoingsomethingabsurd.Maybetherewassomethingwrongwithhermakeup,likeherrednails.Thebossclaimedthatthesaleswomanwasguiltyandsuspendedherfromherpost.Thenhedeclaredshewouldbedismissed,whereasshetriedtojustifyherdignity.Shethoughtitwasridiculousofthe