新教材高中英語(yǔ)人教版學(xué)案UNIT3SectionⅠListeningandSpeakingReadingandThinking

UNIT3THEINTERNET互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的利與弊Withthedevelopmentofthescienceandtechnology,theputerhasbeenbeingthenecessityforpeopleinthe21stcentury.Following,networkisofcloselinkwithourlife,bringingusinparableconvenienceonourlifeandwork.Throughthenetwork,wecansearchforusefuldataandgettoknowthecurrentevents.Whenyouplayputergamesafteralong-timework,itcanrelieveyourpressureandmakeyoufeelrelaxed.Besides,playingonlinegamesisnotallbad,foritcanfulfillstudents'entertainingrequestsaswellaspractisetheirresponseability.However,therestillexistssomedisadvantagesinthenetwork.Theradiationfromtheputerwilldoharmtopeople'shealthifyoukeeponwatchingtheputerforalongtime.Andshortsightmaybecausedbyitforyoureyesstaytense.Atpresent,therearetoomanygamesontheInternet,butsomeofthemarenotofgoodqualityandevencontainsomeunhealthycontentlikeviolenceandsoon.Duetothelackofrecognizingsocietyandself-protectionawareness,somestudentsgetaddictedinthegamesandonlinedating.Infact,networkisnotthathorrible,aslongasweknowmoreaboutit,itwillbeeourrighthandonourstudies.Let'sbuildacleannetworkworldtogether.開(kāi)啟快樂(lè)學(xué)習(xí)之旅隨著科技的發(fā)展，電腦在二十一世紀(jì)成了人們必要的用品。隨之而來(lái)，網(wǎng)絡(luò)與我們的生活息息相關(guān)，給現(xiàn)代人的生活、工作帶來(lái)了無(wú)與倫比的方便。通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，我們能查尋有用的資料，了解時(shí)事動(dòng)態(tài)等。當(dāng)你工作了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間后去玩電腦游戲，它可以減緩你的精神壓力，放松你的心情。并且，上網(wǎng)玩游戲也不完全是壞事，因?yàn)閷W(xué)生玩游戲可以鍛煉手、腦的反應(yīng)能力，滿(mǎn)足學(xué)生娛樂(lè)需要。但是網(wǎng)絡(luò)也有弊。長(zhǎng)時(shí)間看電腦，電腦發(fā)出的輻射對(duì)人體有很大的害處，眼睛長(zhǎng)期處于緊張狀態(tài)容易造成近視?，F(xiàn)在的電腦游戲眾多，某些電腦游戲粗制濫造，甚至含有暴力等不健康內(nèi)容。有的學(xué)生由于對(duì)社會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)不足和自我保護(hù)意識(shí)缺乏，沉迷網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲，網(wǎng)絡(luò)交友。事實(shí)上，網(wǎng)絡(luò)并不可怕，只要我們面對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)多一些認(rèn)識(shí)，網(wǎng)絡(luò)就會(huì)成為我們學(xué)習(xí)上的有利助手。讓我們一起創(chuàng)造一個(gè)干凈的網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界吧。模塊核心素養(yǎng)導(dǎo)航SectionⅠListeningandSpeaking，ReadingandThinkingⅠ.重點(diǎn)單詞1．blogn．博客vi.寫(xiě)博客→bloggern．博客作者；博主2．enginen．引擎；發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)；火車(chē)頭→engineern．工程師3．chatvi.聊天；閑聊→WeChatn．微信4．streamvt.流播(不用直接在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上播放音視頻)；流出vi.流動(dòng)n.小河；溪流5．identityn．身份；個(gè)性→identicaladj.相同的，一樣的→identifyvt.確定；辨別→identificationn．身份證明6．convenientadj.方便的；近便的→conveniencen．方便；便利7．cashn．現(xiàn)金；金錢(qián)8．updatevt.更新；向……提供最新信息n．更新；最新消息9．databasen．?dāng)?shù)據(jù)庫(kù)；資料庫(kù)10．softwaren．軟件→hardwaren．硬件11．networkn．(互聯(lián))網(wǎng)絡(luò)；網(wǎng)狀系統(tǒng)；人際網(wǎng)vt.將……連接成網(wǎng)絡(luò)；聯(lián)播vi.建立工作關(guān)系12．stuckadj.卡?。幌?入)；困(于)→stickv．刺；插入；粘貼n.枝條；棍狀物13．surfvt.&vi.瀏覽；沖浪→surfing14．benefitn．益處vt.使受益vi.得益于→beneficialadj.有益的，有用的15．distancen．距離→distantadj.遙遠(yuǎn)的16．inspirevt.鼓舞；激勵(lì)；啟發(fā)思考→inspirationn．鼓舞；啟示；靈感→inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的；啟發(fā)靈感的17．a(chǎn)ccessn．通道；(使用、查閱、接近或面見(jiàn)的)機(jī)會(huì)vt.進(jìn)入；使用；獲取→accessibleadj.可利用的，可獲得的18．charityn．慈善；慈善機(jī)構(gòu)(或組織)19．toughadj.艱難的；嚴(yán)厲的20．provincen．省21．conferencen．會(huì)議；研討會(huì)；正式會(huì)談22．residentn．居民；(美國(guó)的)住院醫(yī)生adj.(在某地)居住的→residencen．住所；住房；(尤指)宅第，豪宅；居住；定居23．plusconj.而且；此外n．加號(hào)；優(yōu)勢(shì)prep.加；另加Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1．blogpost博文；博客帖子2．searchengine(互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的)搜索引擎3．identitycard身份證4．keepsb.pany陪伴某人5．nowthat既然；由于6．gothrough經(jīng)歷；度過(guò)；通讀7．beinterestedin對(duì)……感興趣8．lookfor尋找9．morethan不僅僅；超過(guò)；非常10．lookup(在書(shū)中)查找；(形勢(shì))好轉(zhuǎn)；探訪(某人)11．bytheway順便問(wèn)一下12．nolonger不再13．outofwork失業(yè)14．a(chǎn)fterawhile過(guò)了一會(huì)兒15．payfor買(mǎi)……；為……交款；為……付出代價(jià)16．a(chǎn)pplyfor申請(qǐng)17．takecareof照料；撫養(yǎng)18．togetherwith和……一起19．makesure確定地，肯定地20．raisemoneyfor為……籌集資金Ⅲ.重點(diǎn)句型1．TherearecountlessarticlestellingushowtheInternethasmadeourlivesmoreconvenient.有無(wú)數(shù)的文章告訴我們互聯(lián)網(wǎng)如何使我們的生活更方便。2．Wecandownloadsoftware，documents，andimageswheneverweneedthem.我們可以軟件、文檔和圖像，無(wú)論何時(shí)我們需要它們。3．Atage50，shefoundherselfout_ofworkandstuckathomewithonlyherputertokeepherpany.50歲時(shí)，她發(fā)覺(jué)自己失業(yè)了，困在家里，只有電腦相伴。4．Shealsojoinedanonlinegroupwhereshecouldtalkaboutherproblemsandgetsupportandadvicefromothers.她還加入了一個(gè)在線小組，在那里她可以談?wù)撟约旱膯?wèn)題，并從他人那里得到支持和建議。5．ShewassoinspiredbythepeopleshemetonlinethatshedecidedtostartanITclubtoteacholderpeoplehowtouseputersandtheInternet.她受到網(wǎng)友的啟發(fā)，決定成立一個(gè)IT俱樂(lè)部來(lái)教年長(zhǎng)一些的人學(xué)習(xí)如何使用電腦和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。6．Nowthatheworksandcantakecareofhimself，hisdaughterhastimetostudyatuniversity.由于他工作并能照顧自己，他女兒有時(shí)間在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)了。7．ShebelievesthatitishighlyimportanttobridgethedigitaldivideandmakesurethateveryonehasaccesstotheInternetandknowshowtousenewtechnology.她認(rèn)為，消除數(shù)字鴻溝、確保每人都能使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)并且知曉如何運(yùn)用新技術(shù)，是非常重要的。1chatvi.聊天；閑聊[典型例句]Mykidsspendhourschattingonthephonetotheirfriends.我的幾個(gè)孩子在中和朋友聊天一聊就是幾個(gè)小時(shí)。He'sbeenontheputerallmorning,chattingwithhisfriends.他整個(gè)上午都在上網(wǎng)和朋友聊天。[思維拓展]chataboutsth.閑聊某事chatwithsb.與某人聊天chatwithsb.aboutsth.與某人聊某事[即學(xué)即練]Allthewaywewerechatting(chat)，singingandlaughing，enjoyingthefreshairandthebeautifulscenery.2eq\a\vs4\al(identityn.身份；個(gè)性)[典型例句]Thepolicearetryingtofindouttheidentityofthemankilledintheaccident.警方正在設(shè)法查明事故中死者的身份。[思維拓展]identicaladj.相同的，一樣的identifyvt.確定；辨別identificationn．身份證明[巧學(xué)妙記](méi)ident(＝thesame同一)＋-ity(表示性質(zhì))→[根義]與……的同一性→[多義]本身；本體；身份[即學(xué)即練]Therearenotwoidentical(identity)fingerprints(指紋)intheworld.3eq\a\vs4\al(convenientadj.方便的；近便的)[典型例句]Pleaseewheneveritisconvenienttoyou.你方便的時(shí)候請(qǐng)隨時(shí)來(lái)。Ourhouseisconvenientfortheshops.我們家到商店很方便。Willitbeconvenientforyoutostartworktomorrow?你明天開(kāi)始工作方便嗎？[思維拓展]beconvenienttosb.對(duì)某人方便ifitisconvenienttosb.如果某人方便的話beconvenientforsth.近便的，容易到達(dá)的Itisconvenienttodosth.做某事方便Itisconvenientforsb.todosth.做某事對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是方便的注意：convenient不能以人作主語(yǔ)conveniencen．方便；便利；廁所Thereisapublicconvenienceonthecornerofthestreet.在街道的拐角處有一個(gè)公共廁所。forconvenience為了方便atone'sconvenience在某人方便時(shí)atyourearliestconvenience盡早toone'sconvenience對(duì)某人方便(合適)It'sagreatconveniencetodo...做某事很方便conveniencefood方便食品Ikeptmyreferencebooknearmydeskforconvenience.我把參考書(shū)放在書(shū)桌旁用著方便。ebytopickmeupatyourconvenience.在你方便的時(shí)候，請(qǐng)來(lái)接我。Pleasedeliverthegoodsatyourearliestconvenience.請(qǐng)盡早送貨。It'sagreatconveniencetoliveinabigcity.住在大城市很方便。[即學(xué)即練](1)WiththedevelopmentoftheInternet,manyindividualsfavouronlineshoppingbecauseitismore_convenient(convenient)andcansavetime.(2)Studentsthinkitisextremelyconvenientforthemto_municate(municate)withtheoutsideworldusingmobilephones.4eq\a\vs4\al(benefitn.益處vt.使受益vi.得益于)[典型例句]Thenewcreditcardswillbeofgreatbenefittoourcustomers.新的信用卡將對(duì)我們的客戶(hù)非常有益。Weshouldspendthemoneyonsomethingthatwillbenefiteveryone.我們應(yīng)該把這筆錢(qián)花在大家都能得益的事上。I'msureyou'llbenefitgreatlyfromthevisit.我相信，這次訪問(wèn)你將獲益匪淺。[思維拓展]beofbenefit(tosb.)(對(duì)某人)有益forsb.'sbenefit為幫助某人；為某人的利益Abenefit(s)BA對(duì)B有益Abenefit(s)from/byBA從B中獲益beneficialadj.有益的；有幫助的bebeneficialto...對(duì)……有益[即學(xué)即練](1)Thenewhospitalwillbenefittheentiremunity.這所新醫(yī)院將使整個(gè)社區(qū)受益。(2)Ibenefitedmuchfrommyfather'sadvice.我從父親的建議中獲益頗多。(3)Moderateexercisewillbeof_much_benefit_toyou.適度運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)你有很多益處。(4)Shewenttherefor_the_benefit_ofherhealth.她為了健康而去了那里。5eq\a\vs4\al(distancen.距離)[典型例句]Wecanseethemountaininthedistance.我們從遠(yuǎn)處就可以看到那座山。Nightfell.Thehillsinthedistanceturneddarkblue.夜色漸近，遠(yuǎn)山變成了深藍(lán)色。Seenatadistance,thepicturelooksmorebeautiful.從遠(yuǎn)處看，那幅畫(huà)看起來(lái)更美。WhatisthedistancetoLondon?到倫敦有多遠(yuǎn)？[思維拓展]inthedistance在遠(yuǎn)處；在遠(yuǎn)方at/fromadistance稍遠(yuǎn)處；隔一段距離atadistanceof在距……的地方keepone'sdistancefrom...＝keep...atadistance與……保持距離/疏遠(yuǎn)distantadj.遙遠(yuǎn)的；冷淡的Icanseeyouatadistanceof10metres.在10米遠(yuǎn)的地方，我能看到你。Itishardtoknowherwellbecauseshealwayskeepsothersatadistance.很難了解她，因?yàn)樗偸呛蛣e人保持著距離。Isawsomethinginthedistance.我看到遠(yuǎn)處有東西。[即學(xué)即練](1)Idon'tknowthedistance(距離)fromBeijingtoShanghai.(2)Thehospitalisnot_distant(不遠(yuǎn))atall.(3)Theoilpaintinglooksbetterat/from_a_distance(遠(yuǎn)看起來(lái))．(4)In_the_distance(從遠(yuǎn)處)，Iwouldseethemwavingtheirhands.6eq\a\vs4\al(inspirevt.鼓舞；激勵(lì)；啟發(fā)思考)[典型例句]Herworkdidn'texactlyinspiremewithconfidence.她的工作并沒(méi)有真正地使我產(chǎn)生信心。Heinspiredmanyyoungpeopletotakeupthesport.他激勵(lì)了很多年輕人參與這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。Anartistwhowasinspiredbythescenepaintedthisbeautifulpicture.一位受這一情景啟發(fā)的藝術(shù)家畫(huà)下了這幅美麗的畫(huà)。[思維拓展]inspiresb.withsth.(＝inspiresth.insb.)激起某人的……inspiresb.todosth.激勵(lì)某人做某事inspirationn．[U]靈感；鼓舞inspiredadj.品質(zhì)優(yōu)秀的；能力卓越的inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的；啟發(fā)靈感的[即學(xué)即練](1)Hisencouragingremarksinspired(inspire)confidenceinme.(2)Theruletoofferfreetrainingtoyoungcollegestudentsseemsinspiring(inspire)．7accessn.通道；使用、查閱、接近或面見(jiàn)的機(jī)會(huì)vt.進(jìn)入；使用；獲取[典型例句]Onlyhighofficialshadaccesstothepresident.只有高級(jí)官員才可以面見(jiàn)總統(tǒng)。Youcaneasilygetaccesstohim.你很容易見(jiàn)到他。Thecourtgavehimaccesstohischildatweekends.法庭準(zhǔn)許他周末看看孩子。[思維拓展]have/get/gainaccessto擁有……的機(jī)會(huì)；可以接近；進(jìn)入give(sb.)accessto接見(jiàn)；準(zhǔn)許(某人)使用accessibleadj.可接近的；可進(jìn)入的；可使用的(通常作表語(yǔ))beaccessibleto可接近……，能進(jìn)入……[即學(xué)即練]Thevillagershaveaccesstothecleanrivernearby.8eq\a\vs4\al(toughadj.艱難的；嚴(yán)厲的)[典型例句]Hehasbeenlivingatoughlifelately.他最近的生活一直很艱難。Don'tbetootoughonhim；heisonlyachildafterall.不要過(guò)于難為他；畢竟他只是個(gè)孩子。Heseemstobethetoughestofallthechildren.他似乎是所有孩子中最健壯的。[思維拓展]toughon/withsb./sth.對(duì)某人(事)嚴(yán)厲haveatoughtime(ofit)日子很難過(guò)[即學(xué)即練]Itisabouttimethatthepolicemenstartedtogettough(toughly)withbullies.考點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)一單句語(yǔ)法填空1．ItisconsiderateofMarytosetupaWeChatgroup,throughwhichalmostalltheclassmatescanspendsometimechatting(chat),sothatwecankeepintoucheasily.2．Ifitisconvenient(convenience)foryou,let'smeetat8：30outsidetheschoolgate.Ifnot,letmeknowwhattimesuitsyoubest.3．BacheletsayssheselecteditforconvenienceandIobservethatitisalsocheap.4．Sunshineandfreshairareofbenefittoyourrecoveryfromillness.5．What'smore,ridingbicyclesisagoodwayforustoexerciseanditisbeneficial(benefit)toourhealth.6．IsawacarinthedistanceandjumpedupasIrecognizedthecar.7．Thatafternoonwesawlandatadistanceof10milesfromus.8．Herfatheradvisedhertokeepherdistancefromthatfellow.9．Thelittleproblemsthatwemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirations(inspire)forgreatinventions.10．TheNankaiSecondarySchoolLibraryisaccessible(access)onlyifyouhaveaStudentCardofNankai.11．Kidsshouldn'thaveaccesstoviolentfilmsbecausetheymightimitatethethingstheysee.1eq\a\vs4\al(morethan不僅僅；超過(guò)；非常)[典型例句]AkiraNagataismorethanascientist，heisalsoapoet.永田明不僅僅是位科學(xué)家，還是位詩(shī)人。[思維拓展]morethan的用法修飾名詞時(shí)，表示“不僅僅，不止(＝notonly)”。Bambooisusedformorethanbuildings.竹子不僅僅用于建筑。后接數(shù)字，表示“超過(guò)；多于”。Morethan70percentofourplanetiscoveredbywater.我們的星球有70%以上被水覆蓋。修飾形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞、分詞或句子時(shí)，起加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣的作用，表示“十分”。Theyweremorethangladtohelp.他們非常樂(lè)意幫忙。more...than...與其說(shuō)……倒不如說(shuō)……；比……更……Sheismorelazy(不用lazier)thanunintelligent.與其說(shuō)她不聰明倒不如說(shuō)她懶惰。[即學(xué)即練]Heismorethanhappytoday.2eq\a\vs4\al(lookup在書(shū)中查找；形勢(shì)好轉(zhuǎn)；探訪某人)[典型例句]Thingsarelookingup!情況正在好轉(zhuǎn)！Ioftenlookupthenewwordsinthedictionary.我經(jīng)常在詞典中查生詞。Dolookmeupthenexttimeyou'reinLondon.你下一次到倫敦，一定來(lái)看我。[思維拓展]lookafter照料；照顧lookahead展望未來(lái)lookaround環(huán)顧；四下看lookat看；檢查lookbackon回憶lookdownupon瞧不起lookinto調(diào)查；審查[即學(xué)即練]WhenIlookbackon2014，Iamproudofwhatwehaveachieved.3eq\a\vs4\al(nolonger不再)[典型例句]Thiswordisnolongerinuse.(＝Thiswordisnotinuseanylonger.)這個(gè)詞現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再使用了。Shecouldnolongerfindherbluedress.(＝Shecouldnotfindherbluedressanylonger.)她再也找不到她那條藍(lán)色的裙子了。注意：nolonger通常用于行為動(dòng)詞之前、be動(dòng)詞之后。[易混辨析]nolonger,nomore等與live,work,stay,support等延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的情況不再延續(xù)，用nolonger,not...anylonger或not...anymore均可，但不可用nomore；強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量、程度或做某事的次數(shù)減少，用nomore或not...anymore，一般與e,go,stand,visit等非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用。Shenolongerliveshere.＝Shedoesn'tlivehereanylonger/more.她不在這兒住了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的情況不再延續(xù))Hestillsmokes,buthedrinksnomore/doesn'tdrinkanymore.他還抽煙，但不再喝酒了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的次數(shù)減少)[即學(xué)即練]Hedidn'tsmokeanylonger(long)aftertheoperation.4outofwork失業(yè)[典型例句]They'reoutofworkandhavetostayathomenow.他們現(xiàn)在失業(yè)了，不得不待在家里。Lifewasveryhardsincebothofthemwereoutofwork.他們兩個(gè)都失業(yè)了，生活非常困難。[思維拓展]outofemployment失業(yè)loseone'sjob失業(yè)[即學(xué)即練]IwasworriedaboutwhetherIwouldbeoutofwork.

5eq\a\vs4\al(keepsb.pany陪伴某人)[典型例句]I'llkeepyoupanywhileyou'rewaiting.你等待時(shí)我會(huì)陪著你。[思維拓展]forpany陪著；陪伴inpanywithsb.與某人一起Hewillgowithustotheairportforpany.他將陪我們?nèi)C(jī)場(chǎng)。Shearrivedinpanywiththecaptain.她與船長(zhǎng)一起到達(dá)。[即學(xué)即練]MysisterhasefromAmericatokeepme(I)panyduringmyillness.6eq\a\vs4\al(payfor買(mǎi)……；為……交款；為……付出代價(jià))[典型例句]Ofcoursewehavetopayforwhatwebuy.我們買(mǎi)東西當(dāng)然得付錢(qián)。Ifyoudon'tworknow,you'llpayforitlaterwhenyoufailyourexams.你現(xiàn)在不好好學(xué)，當(dāng)你考試不及格時(shí)就會(huì)為此而付出代價(jià)。[思維拓展]payoff得到好結(jié)果；取得成功；全部?jī)斶€；還清paymoneyforsth.付錢(qián)買(mǎi)……payback還錢(qián)，償還；報(bào)復(fù)Didyourplanpayoff?你的計(jì)劃成功了嗎？Hepaidmebackbynoting.他以不出現(xiàn)的方式報(bào)復(fù)了我。注意：payoff表示“得到回報(bào)”時(shí)，沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，以事作主語(yǔ)；而payback要以人作賓語(yǔ)，表示向某人進(jìn)行報(bào)復(fù)。[即學(xué)即練](1)Herparentspaid_forhertogotoCanada.她父母出錢(qián)送她去加拿大。(2)Theytookahellofariskbutitpaid_off.他們冒了很大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但事情成功了。7eq\a\vs4\al(applyfor申請(qǐng)；請(qǐng)示得到)[典型例句]Youmayapplyforticketsinpersonorbyletter.需票者可親自來(lái)申請(qǐng)亦可來(lái)信索取。[思維拓展]applyv．應(yīng)用；運(yùn)用；申請(qǐng)；請(qǐng)求applytosb./sth.適用于某人或某物applysth.tosth.把某物應(yīng)用于某物applytosb.for向某人申請(qǐng)applyoneselfto(doing)sth.專(zhuān)注于；專(zhuān)心做某事Whatyousaiddoesn'tapplytome.你所說(shuō)的并不適合我。Theyhadtoapplytothemediaforhelp.他們只好向媒體請(qǐng)求幫助。[即學(xué)即練]Therulesofsafetydrivingapplytoeveryone，becauselifeisthemostimportant.8takecareof照料；撫養(yǎng)[典型例句]ShepromisedtotakecareofmychildrenwhileIwasaway.她答應(yīng)在我不在時(shí)會(huì)照顧我的孩子的。We'veaskedmymothertotakecareofthekidswhilewe'reaway.我們已請(qǐng)我母親在我們外出時(shí)照看孩子。Youcanborrowmycameraifyoupromisetotakecareofit.只要你答應(yīng)把我的照相機(jī)保管好就可以借去用。[思維拓展]careabout關(guān)心；顧慮，在乎carefor喜歡；愿意；關(guān)心，愛(ài)護(hù)；照顧takecare當(dāng)心；小心withcare小心地Don'tyoucareaboutourcountry'sfuture?難道你不為國(guó)家的未來(lái)?yè)?dān)憂嗎？Hespentyearscaringforhissickmother.他數(shù)年中一直在照顧生病的母親。[即學(xué)即練]YuanLongpingisafamousscientistwhodoesn'tcareabouthisclothes.9eq\a\vs4\al(togetherwith和……一起；連同)[典型例句]Theteachertogetherwithsomestudentsisvisitingthefactory.這位老師連同幾個(gè)學(xué)生正在參觀這家工廠。Hesentmethebook，togetherwithaletter.他把書(shū)寄給我，還附上了一封信。[思維拓展]主語(yǔ)后面接有togetherwith，alongwith，aswellas，except，besides等修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍與主語(yǔ)保持一致。She，alongwithhermotherandbrother，wasworkingatthesamefactory.她連同她媽媽和弟弟，都在同一家工廠工作。[即學(xué)即練]He,alongwithhisfriends，is(be)togocamping.10eq\a\vs4\al(gothrough經(jīng)歷；度過(guò)；通讀)[典型例句]Howdoesshekeepsmilingafterallshe'sgonethrough?她經(jīng)歷了這一切后怎么還能保持笑容？Someofthestudentshadgonethroughhardshipsbeforetheyenteredtheuniversity.有些大學(xué)生在進(jìn)入大學(xué)之前經(jīng)歷過(guò)艱苦的生活。[思維拓展]breakthrough沖破getthrough完成，通過(guò)livethrough活過(guò)……lookthrough瀏覽cutthrough穿過(guò)putthrough接通goafter追求；追逐goby過(guò)去；流逝goon(with)發(fā)生；繼續(xù)下去goagainst不利于；違背；反對(duì)goup上升；上漲goover復(fù)習(xí)；重溫；仔細(xì)檢查goout熄滅；過(guò)時(shí)；出去[即學(xué)即練]Ihadtogothroughalotofdifficultiestobeestrongenoughtosolveit.考點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)二單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Formany，fishingismorethanasport；itisanart.2．Iftherearewordsyoudonotunderstand，lookthemupinadictionary.3．Tohiswife'ssurprise，hehasbeenoutofworkforhalfayear.4．Therewasalmostnowind—onlytheflamesofourfireforpany.5．Ipaidhim20yuanfortheT-shirt.6．Thestatemustcareforthefamiliesofsoldierskilledinthewar.7．InordertoprovethatIcouldtakecareofmyself,Iwashedmyownclothesthesecondafternoon,thoughIcouldwaitforMothertodoit.8．CouldIapplyforthejobformylittlebrother?9．MyfriendAnn，togetherwithme，is(be)goingtodofieldstudy.10．Beingawinnerdoesn'tmeanyou'llalwaysgeteverythingyouwant，butitdoesmeanyou'llgoafteryourgoalsinwaysthatarereliable.1TherearecountlessarticlestellingushowtheInternethasmadeourlivesmoreconvenient.有無(wú)數(shù)的文章告訴我們互聯(lián)網(wǎng)如何使我們的生活更方便。(1)句式分析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。主句是Therearecountlessarticles；tellingushowtheInternethasmadeourlivesmoreconvenient是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞articles，其中又包含了how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。(2)tellingushowtheInternet...為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)修飾前面的名詞articles，表示它與articles之間存在主謂關(guān)系。[易混辨析]現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞都可用作定語(yǔ)，它們的區(qū)別有兩點(diǎn)：①現(xiàn)在分詞表示分詞與所修飾的名詞或代詞之間存在主謂關(guān)系，過(guò)去分詞表示分詞與所修飾的名詞或代詞之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。如：IlikebookswrittenbyZhangAiling.我喜歡張愛(ài)玲寫(xiě)的書(shū)。(write與books之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系)Doyouknowthewomanwearingapairofglasses?你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)戴眼鏡的婦女嗎？(thewoman與wear之間為主謂關(guān)系)②現(xiàn)在分詞意為“令人……的”，表示被修飾的人或物給別人的感受；過(guò)去分詞意為“……的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)被修飾的人自身的感受。如：We'resurprisedattheastonishingnews.這條令人震驚的消息使我們大吃一驚。(表示消息令人震驚)Didyounoticethepuzzledexpressiononhisface?你注意到他臉上困惑的表情了嗎？(表示他很困惑)[即學(xué)即練]Thiswillbethebestnovelofitskindeverwritten(write)．2Wecandownloadsoftware，documents，andimageswheneverweneedthem.我們可以軟件、文檔和圖像，無(wú)論何時(shí)我們需要它們。(1)句式分析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。主句是Wecandownloadsoftware，documents，andimages；后面是whenever引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。(2)whenever引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句whenever常用來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。eq\x(whenever)—eq\b\lc\[\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(\x(引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，意為“每當(dāng)”),\x(\a\al(引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，意為“無(wú)論何時(shí)”，,相當(dāng)于nomatterwhen))))Whenevershees，shebringsapresent.她每次來(lái)都帶個(gè)禮物。(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)Whenever(＝Nomatterwhen)youdecidetogo，Iwillkeepyoupany.無(wú)論你決定何時(shí)去，我都會(huì)陪你。(讓步狀語(yǔ)從句)[思維拓展]Wherever(＝Nomatterwhere)youare，youcan'tbehappywithoutafriend.無(wú)論你在哪兒，沒(méi)有朋友就不會(huì)快樂(lè)。(Wherever在此引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句)However(＝Nomatterhow)difficultthetaskmaybe，Iwillfinishitontime.不管這項(xiàng)任務(wù)有多困難，我都將按時(shí)完成。(However在此引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句)Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildwhateverheorshewants.人們普遍認(rèn)為，孩子要什么就給什么是不明智的。(whatever在此引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句)Whoeverleavestheroomatlastoughttoturnoffthelights.無(wú)論是誰(shuí)最后離開(kāi)房間都應(yīng)該把燈關(guān)掉。(Whoever在此引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句)[即學(xué)即練]判斷下列句子中“特殊疑問(wèn)詞＋-ever”引導(dǎo)的從句類(lèi)型(1)Buthoweverlongittakes，thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities，forbetterorforworse，dependingonhowthetransformationisregulated.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句(2)Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.賓語(yǔ)從句____(3)Ifyoufeedababywheneverheishungry，youwillhavelessdifficultywhentakingcareofhimlater.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句3Atage50，shefoundherselfoutofworkandstuckathomewithonlyherputertokeepherpany.50歲時(shí)，她發(fā)覺(jué)自己失業(yè)了，困在家里，只有電腦相伴。(1)句式分析：這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。此句結(jié)構(gòu)為“find＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)”，outofwork和stuckathome是句子的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)herself的處境。withonlyherputertokeepherpany是“with＋名詞＋todo”結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作stuck的伴隨狀語(yǔ)。(2)find的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)find＋賓語(yǔ)＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(過(guò)去分詞,現(xiàn)在分詞,副詞,介詞短語(yǔ),形容詞,名詞))IfoundmylettertornintopiecesafterIopenedthedrawer.我打開(kāi)抽屜發(fā)現(xiàn)我的信被撕成了碎片。Oftenhefoundherquietlyweepingalone.他經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)她獨(dú)自一人靜靜地流淚。Hefoundhisdooropenwhenhecameback.當(dāng)他回來(lái)時(shí)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)門(mén)開(kāi)著。[即學(xué)即練](1)Whenhearrived，hefoundall_the_work_finished.當(dāng)他到達(dá)時(shí)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)所有的工作都已做完了。(2)Whenshewokeup，shefound_herself_lyinginhospital.當(dāng)她醒來(lái)的時(shí)候，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己躺在醫(yī)院里。(3)Wefindthe_story_very_interesting.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)故事很有趣。(4)You'llfindit_a_difficult_book.你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)它是一本難懂的書(shū)。4Shealsojoinedanonlinegroupwhereshecouldtalkaboutherproblemsandgetsupportandadvicefromothers.她還加入了一個(gè)在線小組，在那里她可以談?wù)撟约旱膯?wèn)題，并從他人那里得到支持和建議。(1)句式分析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。主句是Shealsojoinedanonlinegroup，后面是where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞group。(2)where引導(dǎo)從句的用法從句類(lèi)型where的語(yǔ)法功能從句的語(yǔ)法功能地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句where為從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)從句，并在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。表示主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)。定語(yǔ)從句where為關(guān)系副詞，引導(dǎo)從句，并在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。整個(gè)從句作定語(yǔ)，修飾先行詞。名詞性從句where為連接副詞，引導(dǎo)從句，并在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。整個(gè)從句相當(dāng)于一個(gè)表示地點(diǎn)的名詞。Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisenwheretherewasnothingbutruinsayearago.很多高樓在一年前還是廢墟的地方矗立起來(lái)。(where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句)ThebookshopwhereIboughtthisbookisnotfarfromhere.我買(mǎi)這本書(shū)的那個(gè)書(shū)店離這里不遠(yuǎn)。(where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句)Whereweshallspendourholidaythissummerhasnotbeendecided.我們今年夏天將在哪里度假還沒(méi)有定下來(lái)。(where引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句)[即學(xué)即練](1)OppositeisSt.Paul'sChurch，whereyoucanhearsomelovelymusic.(2)LocatedwheretheBeltmeetstheRoad，JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.(3)Inthestory，whattheoldman'ssonswantedtoknowwaswherethegoldhadbeenhidden.5ShewassoinspiredbythepeopleshemetonlinethatshedecidedtostartanITclubtoteacholderpeoplehowtouseputersandtheInternet.她受到網(wǎng)友的啟發(fā)，決定成立一個(gè)IT俱樂(lè)部來(lái)教年長(zhǎng)一些的人學(xué)習(xí)如何使用電腦和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。(1)句式分析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。該句使用了so...that...句型結(jié)構(gòu)，其中的shemetonline是一個(gè)省略了關(guān)系代詞的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾前面的名詞thepeople。(2)so...that...意為“如此……以至于……”，so是副詞，that是連詞，在句中引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。Shewassoangrythatshecouldn'tsayaword.她是如此生氣，以至于她一句話都說(shuō)不出來(lái)。Ourteamplayedsowellthatwewonthegame.我們的球隊(duì)踢得很好，結(jié)果贏了比賽。[思維拓展]so/such...that...常用的句型有：①so＋adj./adv.＋that從句Hestudiedsohardthathepassedtheimportantexam.他學(xué)習(xí)如此努力，結(jié)果通過(guò)了那次重要的考試。②so＋adj.＋a/an＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋that從句ItissointerestingabookthatIwanttobuyit.這是如此有趣的一本書(shū)，以至于我想把它買(mǎi)下來(lái)。③so＋many/few/much/little＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞＋that從句ThereissomuchnoiseherethatIcan'thearyou.這里的噪音這么大，以至于我聽(tīng)不到你在說(shuō)什么。④such＋a/an＋adj.＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋that從句ThisissuchanexpensivecarthatIcan'taffordtobuyit.這輛車(chē)如此貴，以至于我買(mǎi)不起。⑤such＋adj.＋不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋that從句Itwassuchfineweatherthatwedecidedtogoonanouting.天氣如此好，以至于我們決定去郊游。[即學(xué)即練](1)Heisso_clever_thathecananswerallthequestions.他很聰明以至于他能回答所有問(wèn)題。(2)TherearesomanyflowersthatIdon'tknowwhichIwillpick.(3)Peterwassoexcited(excite)whenhereceivedaninvitationfromhisfriendtovisitChongqing.6Nowthatheworksandcantakecareofhimself，hisdaughterhastimetostudyatuniversity.由于他工作并能照顧自己，他女兒有時(shí)間在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)了。(1)句式分析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。Nowthatheworksandcantakecareofhimself是原因狀語(yǔ)從句，hisdaughterhastimetostudyatuniversity是主句。(2)nowthat既然，由于Nowthatthekidshavelefthomewe'vegotalotofextraspace.由于孩子們都離開(kāi)家了，我們住著就更寬綽了。Nowthatyouhavefinishedyourwork,you'dbetterhavearest.既然你的工作已經(jīng)做完了，最好休息一下吧。[易混辨析]nowthat,because,since,as,fornowthat固定短語(yǔ)，意為“既然；由于”，引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，that可以省略。because表示直接的或?yàn)槿怂恢脑?，語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)?；卮鹩脀hy提問(wèn)的問(wèn)句。since意為“既然”，表示已知或共知的原因，但并非直接原因。(可與nowthat互換)。as意為“由于”，表示顯而易見(jiàn)或已為人所知的原因。語(yǔ)氣比because弱。for意為“因?yàn)椤保⒘羞B詞，表示補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的理由。引導(dǎo)分句，不能置于句首。注意：類(lèi)似although/though不能與but連用，because不能與so連用，當(dāng)since,nowthat引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，主句前不能加so等連詞。[譯]既然你已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了，我們現(xiàn)在可以走了。[誤]Nowthatyouareready,sowecangonow.[正]Nowthatyouareready,wecangonow.[思維拓展]uptonow/untilnow到目前為止(every)nowandthen不時(shí)；時(shí)而[即學(xué)即練]一句多譯既然你一直對(duì)中國(guó)文化感興趣，我認(rèn)為北京語(yǔ)言大學(xué)對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)理想的地方。Since_you_have_long_been_interested_inChineseculture,IthinkBeijingLanguageandCultureNow_that_you_have_long_been_interested_inChineseculture,IthinkBeijingLanguageandCulture7ShebelievesthatitishighlyimportanttobridgethedigitaldivideandmakesurethateveryonehasaccesstotheInternetandknowshowtousenewtechnology.她認(rèn)為，消除數(shù)字鴻溝、確保每人都能使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)并且知曉如何運(yùn)用新技術(shù)，是非常重要的。(1)句式分析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。句中從第一個(gè)that到句尾是that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，作動(dòng)詞believes的賓語(yǔ)；makesure與前面的bridge并列，此處bridge是動(dòng)詞，意思是“架起橋梁、消除(隔閡)”；thateveryonehasaccesstotheInternetandknowshowtousenewtechnology是that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，作makesure的賓語(yǔ)，knows與前面的has并列。(2)makesure確定；確信；查明；弄清楚Imustgobackandmakesure(that)Iclosedthedoor.我必須回去確定我已關(guān)好了門(mén)。注意：makesure后一般不接不定式作賓語(yǔ)，后接名詞時(shí)需加介詞of/about；后接從句時(shí)，使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來(lái)。[易混辨析]makesure/besuremakesure指“務(wù)必”“確保”將某事弄清楚。二者后面均可接of或about的短語(yǔ)。besure指某人對(duì)某事或?qū)δ撤N情況有把握，常意為“確信”。Ihavemadesurethatheishonest.我已了解清楚他是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。Iamsurethatheishonest.我相信他是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。[即學(xué)即練]Sydneypromisedherthathewouldalwaysdoanythinghecouldforhertomakesureofherhappiness.考點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)三單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Theyarebuildingaroadleading(lead)tothemountains.2．Thegoldmedalwillbeawardedtowhoeverwinsthefirstplaceinthebicyclerace.3．Sowheneverintrouble，justfaceitbravelyandyouaresuretomakeitsoonerorlater.4．Culturaldifferencesoccurwhereveryougo.Whenvisitinganothercountry，youshouldbeawareofthosedifferencesandrespectthem.5．NowwhenpeoplerefertoEnglandyoufindWalesincluded(include)aswell.6．Withhishomeworkfinished(finish)，hismotherallowedhimtowatchTVforanhour.7．Tomissohonestaboythathenevertellsalie.8．Ihaveheardnothingfromhimuptonow.9．Withaguideto_show(show)usaroundthescenicspots,we'resuretohaveagoodtime.10．Withseveralproblemsremaining(remain)tobesolved,westillneededtoholdanothermeetingassoonaspossible.Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě)1．Hehadlosthisidentity(身份)cardandwasbe