Pygmalion-皮革馬利翁-窈窕淑女

Pygmalion

連于洋徐盈盈胡?，撝焖穼幗鹈牢靼装~CompanyLogoAbouttheauthor(1856-1950)WorksIntroductionGeorgeBernardShawAbriefintroduction1.Irishdramatist,literarycritic,asocialistspokesman2.Defenderofwomen’srights,andadvocateofequalityofincome.3.In1925hewasawardedtheNobelPrizeforLiterature.Shawacceptedthehonorbutrefusedthemoney.4.Hewasaveryhumorous

playwright.GeorgeBernardShaw(1856-1950)《卡希爾·拜倫的職業(yè)》〔CashelByron‘sProfession〕《鰥夫的房產(chǎn)》〔Widowers'Houses〕《圣女貞德》〔SaintJoan〕《賣(mài)花女》〔Pygmalion〕〔1964年改編成電影《窈窕淑女》，當(dāng)年獲奧斯卡最正確影片、最正確導(dǎo)演、最正確改編音樂(lè)等八座小金人?！场赌Ч淼拈T(mén)徒》〔TheDevil'sDisciple〕《人與超人》〔ManandSuperman〕《傷心之家》〔HeartbreakHouse〕《華倫夫人的職業(yè)》〔MrsWarren'sProfession〕《巴巴拉少?！贰睲ajorBarbara〕《蘋(píng)果車(chē)》〔TheAppleCart〕《醫(yī)生的兩難選擇》〔TheDoctor'sDilemma〕《長(zhǎng)生》或《千歲人》〔BacktoMethuselah〕《凱撒和克婁巴特拉》〔CaesarandCleopatra〕CompanyLogoLiteraryworksCandia

康蒂妲AndroclesandtheLion

安德羅克利斯與獅子

TheDevil’sDisciple

魔鬼的門(mén)徒SaintJoan

圣女貞德HeartbreakHouse傷心之家ArmsandtheMan

武器與人ThefilmSomeweremadeintofilmsAnAncientGreekMyth

Pygmalion

wastheKingofCypruswhoisgoodatengravingart.Pygmalionsawtoomuchblameinwomenthathecameatlasttoabhor(憎恨)thesexandresolvedtoliveunmarried.

Oneday,hechosealarge,beautifulpieceofivory,andworkeddiligentlyatit,chiseling(用鑿子鑿開(kāi))andhammering〔捶打〕untilhefinished.Itwasastatueofabeautifulladywhichwassoperfectthatitlookedliketheworkmanshipofnature.Pygmaliondressedthestatue,gaveitjewelsandnameditGalatea(sleepinglove).Helaidheronacouchandcalledherhiswife,andputherheaduponapillowofsoftestfeathers,asifshecouldenjoytheirsoftness.ThefestivalofVenus(Aphrodite)wasathand---afestivalcelebratedwithgreatpompatCyprus〔塞浦路斯〕.Pygmalionstoodbeforethealtarandprayedforhiswife.WhenVenusheardhim,shewentthehomeofthesculptortoseewhatit’slike.ShewasdelightedwhenshesawGalatea.Shethoughtitlookedalotlikeher,soshebroughtittolife.WhenPygmalionreturnedhome,hewenttoseethestatue,andleaningoverthecouch,gaveakisstohermouth.Itseemedtobewarm.Hepressedherlipsagain,itfeltsosofttohistouch.Galateawasaliveandsmiledathim!Theysoongetmarried,andPygmaliondidn’tforgettothankVenusforhisgoodfortune.HeandGalateabroughtgiftstoheraltaraslongastheylived.Venusblessedhappinessandloveinreturn.Paphoswasbornfromthisunion.ThenamewasfromthecityofVenus.ThePygmalioneffect

皮格馬利翁效應(yīng)ThePygmalioneffect(alsoknownasRobertRosenthaleffect)isexpressedbysaying:Peopletendtobehaveasyouexpecttheywill.Yougetwhatyouexpect.

當(dāng)我們懷著對(duì)某件事情非常強(qiáng)烈期望的時(shí)候,我們所期望的事物就會(huì)出現(xiàn)。

皮格馬利翁效應(yīng)

指人們基于對(duì)某種情境的知覺(jué)而形成的期望或預(yù)言，會(huì)使該情境產(chǎn)生適應(yīng)這一期望或預(yù)言的效應(yīng)。PygmalionThePygmalionmythwasapopularsubjectforVictorianeraEnglishplaywrights.

Pygmalion

,aRomanceinFiveActs(1912)isaplaybyIrishplaywrightGeorgeBernardShaw.ProfessorofphoneticsHenryHigginsmakesabetthathecantrainabedraggledCockneyflowergirl,ElizaDoolittle,topassforaduchessatanambassador'sgardenpartybyteachinghertoassumeaveneerofgentility,themostimportantelementofwhich,hebelieves,isimpeccablespeech.TheplayisasharplampoonoftherigidBritishclasssystemofthedayandacommentonwomen'sindependence,packagedasaromanticcomedy.PlotPoorcockneyflowergirlElizaisafairyounglady,andalsoquiteclever.Shehastowalkallstreetstosellherflowersandlivesonthis.Oneday,shewasdrawnattentionsofProfessorHenryHiggins,whothentakesabetfromColonelPickeringthathecantransformthedirtyCockneyflowergirlintoafair,good-behaviorlady,andhewillalsoleteveryonetrustshereallyisone,too!Hedoes,andthusyoungaristocratFreddyfallsmadlyinlovewithher.ButwhenHigginstakesallthesuccesstohimselfandforgetstoacknowledgeherefforts,ElizaangrilyleaveshimforFreddy,andsuddenlyHigginsrealizeshecan'treallylive,hehasalreadyfallenintolovewithhercompletely!Finally,ElizacomebacktoHiggins.

ElizaDoolittle(E):apoorflowergirlwhoisambitioustoimproveherself.ProfessorHiggins(H):anexpertinphonetics,convincedthatthequalityofaperson’sEnglishdecideshis/herpositioninsociety.ColonelPickering(P):anofficerinthearmyandlaterafriendofHiggins’whosetshimatask.Freddy(F):agentleman,wholovesElizaandwantstowooher.MaincharactersEliza

ProfessorHigginsColonelPickering

LowclassUpperclassCharacterPositioninsocietyEvidenceintheplayElizaLowerclassLanguage:callsgentleman“sir”and“cap’in”(orcaptain)Behaviour:respectfultopeopleofhigherclassComprehendingCharacterPositioninsocietyEvidenceintheplayHenryHigginsLanguage:callsEliza“yousillygirl”andPickering“mydearman”(anequalandfriend)Behaviour:rude(andpatronizing)tolowerclass;politetosameorupperclassmiddleclassCharacterPositioninsocietyEvidenceintheplayColonelPickeringUpperclassLanguage:preparedtobeginaconversationwithsomeone,whomhedoesnotknow;generouswithpraisetohimBehaviour:generallyconfidentandpolite;kind,polite,generous,enthusiastic,eager,confidentimpatient,rude,confident,super