2023譯林版新教材高中英語必修第三冊同步練習-Unit 1　五年高考練

Unit1Natureinthebalance

五年高考練

I.閱讀理解

主題語境：語篇類型：建議用時：

（2021全國新高考I,C,#?）

WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealive

withanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresources

wisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatea

largepartoftheseresources.MillionsofWaterfoW1（水禽）werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersanda

handfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-

increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat（棲息地）.

In1934,withthepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct（Act）,anincreasinglyconcerned

nationtookfirmactiontostopthedestructionOfmigratoKy（遷徙的）waterfowlandthewetlandssovitalto

theirsurvival.UnderthisAct,allwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageandovermustannuallypurchaseand

carryaFederalDuckStamp.TheveryfirstFederalDuckStampwasdesignedbyJ.N."Ding"Darling,a

politicalcartoonistfromDesMoines,Iowa,whoatthattimewasappointedbyPresidentFranklinRoosevelt

asDirectoroftheBureauofBiologicalSurvey.Hunterswillinglypaythestamppricetoensurethesurvivalof

ournaturalresources.

About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundto

purchasewetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem—afactthat

ensuresthislandwillbeprotectedandavailableforallgenerationstocome.Since1934,betterthanhalfa

billiondollarshasgoneintothatFundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.Littlewonderthe

FederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalledoneofthemostsuccessfulconservationprogramseverinitiated.

詞匯積累

!.setfooton∕uρon踏上

2.ahandfulOf少數(shù)

3.overlyQd憶很;十分

4.house"給.提供住處

5.destruction九摧毀毀滅;破壞

6.cartoonist幾漫畫家

7.willingly〃.愿意,樂意地

8.inclusion幾包括;包含

9.refuge幾庇護;避難所

IOxonservation幾保護;保持

11.initiate"開始發(fā)起;創(chuàng)始

l.WhatwasacauseofthewaterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorthAmerica?

A.Lossofwetlands.

B.Popularityofwatersports.

C-Pollutionofrivers.

D.Arrivalofotherwildanimals.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decimate“meaninthefirstparagraph?

A.Acquire.B.Export.

C.Destroy.D.Distribute.

3.WhatisadirectresultoftheActpassedin1934?

A.Thestamppricehasgonedown.

B.Themigratorybirdshaveflownaway.

C.Thehuntershavestoppedhunting.

D.Thegovernmenthascollectedmoney.

4.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TheFederalDuckStampStory

B.TheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem

C.TheBenefitsofSavingWaterfowl

D.TheHistoryofMigratoryBirdHunting

II.語法填空

主題語境：語篇類型：建議用時：

(2022全國新高考I,#)

TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNationalPark(GPNP).]

(cover)anareaaboutthreetimes2sizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirst

nationalparksinthecountry.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat3(be)

previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority_

4_(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.

Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP5(design)to

reflecttheguidingprincipleof''protectingtheauthentiCity(原真'性)andintegrityofnaturalecosystems,

preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,6leavingbehindpreciousnatural

assets(資產(chǎn))forfuturegenerations,?TheGPNP'smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate7

(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,and8(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthe

wild.

Giantpandasalsoserve9anumbrellaspecies,bringingprotectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsin

thesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforall

thespecies10livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosystemin

thearea.

詞匯積累

IfnaliZel，把(計劃、旅行、項目等)最后定下來

2.inconsistency〃.不一致的情況

3.pilot〃的.試驗性的

4.bufferZOne(環(huán)保)緩沖區(qū)

5.umbrellaspecies保護傘物種

6.ahostof許多;大量

1.______2.______3.______4.______5._______

6.7.8.9.IO-

答案與分層梯度式解析

Unit1Natureinthebalance

五年高考練

1.◎語篇解讀本文為說明文。主題語境是人與自然;主題語境內(nèi)容是自然保護。文章介紹了美國聯(lián)

邦政府發(fā)布的《候鳥狩獵印花稅法案》的背景及結(jié)果。

1.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞"waterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorthAmeriCa”定位到第一段根據(jù)

第一E殳最后一句'"Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,

greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.”可知,濕地喪失是水禽數(shù)量下降的一個原因,故選A項。

2.C詞義猜測題。畫線詞上句表示美洲土著居民聰明地保護這些寶貴的自然資源,畫線詞所在句中的

“Unfortunately”表明本句與上句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,由此推知,畫線詞是“破壞”的意思,故選C項。A.獲得B

出口;D.分配。

3.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞"theActpassedin1934”定位到第二段。根據(jù)該段第二句可知,該法

案要求所有16歲及以上的水禽狩獵者每年必須購買并攜帶一張聯(lián)邦鴨票,由此推斷,這項法案的通過使

政府籌集到了一些資金.故選D項。

4.A主旨大意題。第一段介紹聯(lián)邦鴨票發(fā)行的背景,第二段介紹發(fā)行的經(jīng)過,第三段介紹發(fā)行鴨票帶來

的好處,最后一句"LittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalledoneofthemostsuccessful

conservationprogramseverinitiated.”更是點明主題,因此全文都是圍繞聯(lián)邦鴨票展開的。故選Ao

長難句

原句Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatly

reducingwaterfowlhabitat.

分析本句是—Is■簡單句。不定式短語tofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations作目的狀語?，F(xiàn)

在分詞短語greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat作結(jié)果狀語。

譯文數(shù)百萬英畝的濕地被弄干,以養(yǎng)活和容納不斷增加的人口,大大減少了水禽的棲息地。

∏?◎語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。大熊貓國家公園的建立不僅能保護大熊貓,而且能夠促進該區(qū)域

所有物種的健康發(fā)展。

1.Covering考查動詞的非謂語形式。theGPNP與設(shè)空處為邏輯上的主動關(guān)系,且設(shè)空處位于句首,故用

,,

COVer的現(xiàn)在分詞形式(CoVering),意為“占地...0

2.the考查冠詞。倍數(shù)的表達方法:倍數(shù)+the+名詞(SiZe/len