DB43-T 2901-2024 非典型暴雨過程劃分規(guī)范

ICS

91.120.40CCS

K

43湖 南 省 地 方 標(biāo) 準(zhǔn)DB43/T

2901—2024非典型暴雨過程劃分規(guī)范Standard

for

classification

of

atypical

rainstorm

process2024

-

01

-

09

發(fā)布

2024

-

-

實施湖南省市場監(jiān)督管理局

發(fā)

布DB43/T

— 前言························································································································

Ⅲ1

·····················································································································12

規(guī)范性引用文件······································································································13

術(shù)語和定義············································································································14

非典型暴雨過程劃分································································································

24.1 非典型暴雨過程的分型·······················································································24.2 非典型暴雨過程劃分··························································································

2附錄

A（資料性）

········································································································4附錄

B（資料性）

········································································································5附錄

C（資料性）

········································································································7參考文獻(xiàn)····················································································································8DB43/T

— 本文件按照

GB/T

—《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作導(dǎo)則 第

1

部分：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)定起草。請注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識別專利的責(zé)任。本文件由湖南省氣象局提出。本文件由湖南省氣象標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化技術(shù)委員會歸口。本文件起草單位：湖南省氣象臺。本文件主要起草人：許霖、姚倩、龍晴柔、劉稚舟、唐佳、張海、盧姝、付小霞、桑友偉、周莉、王璐。IIIDB43/T

—IVDB43/T

—1

本文件規(guī)定了湖南非典型暴雨過程的劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。本文件適用于湖南氣象預(yù)報、決策氣象服務(wù)、風(fēng)險評估等業(yè)務(wù)和科學(xué)研究。2

規(guī)范性引用文件文件。GB/T

28592—2012 降水量等級GB

31221—2014氣象探測環(huán)境保護(hù)規(guī)范 地面氣象觀測站DB43/T

2074—2021 降水過程劃分3

術(shù)語和定義下列術(shù)語和定義適用于本文件。3.1降水量 滲透、流失而在水平面上積聚的深度，規(guī)定以毫米（mm）為深度單位。[來源：GB/T

28592—2012，2.1，有修改]3.2暴雨 rainstorm24

小時降水量大于或等于

50

毫米且小于

毫米的降水事件。[來源：GB/T

28592—2012，2.1，有修改]3.3大暴雨 24

小時降水量大于或等于

100

毫米且小于

250

毫米的降水事件。[來源：GB/T

28592—2012，2.1，有修改]3.4特大暴雨

rain24

小時降水量大于或等于

250

毫米的降水事件。[來源：GB/T

28592—2012，2.1，有修改]3.5站數(shù) 降水事件中出現(xiàn)某一等級降水量級的站數(shù)，僅指國家地面氣象觀測站。DB43/T

—[來源：DB43/T

2074—，術(shù)語和定義

3.5，有修改]3.6地面氣象觀測站

關(guān)部門和省、自治區(qū)、直轄市其他有關(guān)部門設(shè)立的地面氣象觀測場所。[來源：GB/T

31221—

術(shù)語和定義

2.1]3.7非典型暴雨 non-typical

日降水量大于或等于

50

鋒或西南低渦影響。4

非典型暴雨過程劃分4.1 非典型暴雨過程的分型流形勢如下：（1）高空冷渦型降雨區(qū)域。（2）弱天氣尺度型a.

西南氣流類：高空槽位置較遠(yuǎn)或淺槽過境，500

受槽前西南氣流控制，副高主體偏南，位于我國東南沿海一帶，

hPa

和

hPa

為西南氣流，多數(shù)達(dá)急流等級，邊界層

925

hPa

部分有弱雨。b.

副熱帶高壓內(nèi)部類：7

月副熱帶高壓西伸北抬，控制湖南大部分地區(qū)。低層有弱切變影響，急切變或地面輻合線作用下產(chǎn)生暴雨。c.

副熱帶高壓南側(cè)類：8

月副熱帶高壓進(jìn)一步北抬，脊線位于華北地區(qū)，湖南處于副熱帶高壓南部，

受低值系統(tǒng)影響，

或

受弱暖式切變影響，暴雨通常出現(xiàn)在弱暖式切變或地面輻合線附近。（3）高架對流型25

°N

到

°N

的中緯度地區(qū)有一支深厚的西風(fēng)槽，低槽前部

上有較強的西南急流，急流軸呈西南—東北走向，副熱帶高壓位于華南南部地區(qū)，其北側(cè)有西南風(fēng)往北輸送，有較強的暖平流；地面在冷空氣的影響下，鋒區(qū)等溫線比較密集，強降水區(qū)域位于鋒區(qū)以北約

200

km。篩選的非典型暴雨所用氣象資料清單見附錄

A

B

C。4.2 非典型暴雨過程劃分

中所述三種類型之一，DB43/T

—下三個條件中至少一項：（1）出現(xiàn)≧4

站暴雨或以上量級的降水；（2）出現(xiàn)≧3

站暴雨或以上量級的降水，且至少有一站大暴雨；（3）出現(xiàn)≧2

站大暴雨或以上量級降水，且至少有一站特大暴雨。500hPa

925hPaDB43/T

—附

錄 A（資料性）表表

A.1非典型暴雨個例資料清單19/04/201001/06/201014/06/201015/12/20102312/05/20112501/10/20111030/05/201203/09/201225/05/20141210/09/201401/11/201420/02/201504/04/201520/04/201527/05/201511/06/20151018/06/201513/08/201531/10/201508/11/201512/11/20151705/12/20151305/05/201615/05/201612/06/201607/08/201609/09/2016DB43/T

—附

錄B（資料性）表

表

B.1非典型暴雨過程及天氣類型20/10/20161319/11/201620/09/201705/08/201823/09/201825/01/202015/02/202003/04/202029/05/202007/06/202010/09/202026/09/2020DB43/T

—表

B.1表

B.1 非典型暴雨過程及天氣類型（續(xù)）DB43/T

—附

錄 C（資料性）表

C.1湖南省國家地面氣象觀測站信息湖南省5764057655 57562 576635777157740 57758 57760 57868 57678576425775257766 5796657575578415785357768 57763 5787257745 57744 57661 57870577765764957544 57969 577745797457842 5764359063 579755797857845 57554 57865579715787557743575585796557666 579735764657851 57866 578715768757749 5776757962576745787657846 5756457566 5787457773577545766957762 57772 5777757658 57867 57662575775767357657 578605776957671 5797657857 57761 5756557574 5777857889 57972 5788757680 575845767957981 57881 57779 5