浙江省杭州市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末學(xué)業(yè)水平測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省杭州市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末學(xué)業(yè)水平測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍,1.Whatdoesthewomanwantforhernewhome?A.Aconvenientneighborhood. B.Betternaturescenes. C.Largerspace.〖答案〗C【原文】M:You’refinallymovingoutofthecity!W:Yes.Ilovedmyconvenientapartment.Butnow,Iwantaquietcountryhousewithmorelandandroomformykids.M:Yourfamilywilllovethis!2.Whoarethespeakers?A.Storestaffandcustomer. B.Policemanandlostkid. C.Brotherandsister.〖答案〗A【原文】W:Sir!I’mlookingforalittleboy.Iwaswalkingaroundthisstorewithmybrother,andhewalkedaway.He’sonemetertallandnamedJosh.M:I’llannouncehisnameoverthestore’sspeakersystem.Mybosswillcallthepolicerightnow.3.WhatisRyanmostexcitedabout?A.Onlinevideos. B.Virtualreality. C.Phoneapplications.〖答案〗B【原文】M:I’munfamiliarwithwebapplicationdevelopment.I’dmainlyusetechnologytokeepintouchwithfriendsandfamily.Thisinnovationofvirtualrealityismostinterestingtome.W:Sure,Ryan.Thisnewformofvideocommunicationwillbeveryuseful!4.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Attendameeting. B.Havelunch. C.Workonareport.〖答案〗B【原文】M:Ifinishedwritingthereportlastnight,andIcompletedthefinaleditsthismorning.W:Great!Well,themeetingdoesn’tstartuntil1:30p.m.,solet’sgoandgetsomethingtoeat.M:Soundslikeagoodidea!5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirfavoritesongs. B.OnlineEnglishcourses. C.Languagelearning.〖答案〗C【原文】M:Helen,howdidyouimproveyourEnglishsoquickly?You’rethestrongestspeakerinyourhighschoolclass.W:IstartedwatchingEnglishvideosonsocialmediaandlisteningtoEnglishsongs.M:ThosearesmartwaystoimproveyourEnglishskills.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatisthewoman’sconcern?A.Thatsheisgettinglesscreative.B.ThatherjobwillbereplacedbyAItools.C.Thatthenewtechnologyistoodifficultforher.7.Whatistheman’sjobprobably?A.Ateacher. B.Anartist. C.Acomputerprogrammer.〖答案〗6.B7.A【原文】W:AItoolslikeChatGPTworryme.WhywouldemployerspaymetowritecontentifanAIprogramcandoitforfree?M:Mywifeisadigitalartist,andshehasthesameconcern.ButIdon’tthinkyouneedtoworrytoomuch.I’vealreadyhadacoupleofmystudentstryingtohandinreportswrittenbyAI,andit’ssoobvious!W:Really?M:Yeah.Thesoftwareisgood.Yet,it’llneverreplacehumancreativity,knowledgeorunderstanding,althoughyoumayfindyourselfusingitmoreinyourjobinthefuture.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inacinema. B.Inthespeakers’home. C.Inahospital.9.Whydidn’tthewomanfinishthemovie?A.Shewasannoyedatanotherviewer’sbadmanners.B.Shehadtosavetimetostudyforanexam.C.Shefoundthemovieboring.〖答案〗8.B9.A【原文】M:Hey,Claire.Howwasthefilm?W:Idon’tknow.Ileftthecinemahalfwaythroughthefilm.M:Wasitthatbad?W:No,Iwasactuallyenjoyingthefilm,butthemanbesidemekeptsneezing.M:Ohdear.Washeill?W:Helookedandsoundedlikehehadflu,buthedidn’tcoverhismouthwhenhesneezedandhewasn’twearingamask.Ifeltuncomfortable.M:Ithinkyoumadetherightdecision.W:Well,I’mjustgoingtohaveashower,butdoyouwanttowatchaTVshowtogetheronceI’mdone?M:Ineedtostudyformyexamtomorrow.Yougoahead.W:Okay.I’llkeepthesounddownsoIwon’tdisturbyou.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話,回答以下小題。10.Wheredoesthemanmainlywork?A.Inacafé. B.Inhishouse. C.Inanoffice.11.Whatisthewoman’smainproblem?A.Havingnofriendsatwork.B.Beingdisturbedbyhercolleagues.C.Drivinglongdistancestowork.12.Howdoesthemanconcentrateonhiswork?A.Byputtingupno-talkingsigns.B.Byworkinginaseparateoffice.C.Bysettinghisprivateworkspace.〖答案〗10.C11.B12.C【原文】W:Aftertwoyearsofworkingathome,it’sstrangebeingbackinmyoffice.M:I’vealwaysbeenworkingatmyofficeasrequiredbymyjob.Wheredoyoupreferworking?W:Athome.Luckily,myofficeisn’tfarawayfrommyhouse.Butstill,Ihavedifficultiesfocusingnow.Manyco-workersinmyofficewanttochatormeetwithme,whichconstantlybreaksmyconcentration.M:Really?I’mtheopposite.Ican’tgetworkdoneathome.Imustbeinanofficeoracafétofocus.W:That’sinteresting.Howdoyoustayfocusedandgetsomuchworkdoneintheoffice?M:Iwearnoise-cancelingheadphoneswithoutlisteningtomusicandturnmydeskawayfromothers.Thatway,peoplerespectmylittlespaceandprivacymore.W:Cleverideas.Thatway,youdon’tneedtoaskpeopletostoptalking,buttheywillunderstandyou’renotwillingtotalkatthemoment.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話,回答以下小題。13.HowdidMrs.Albrightfeelaboutbeinginterviewedatfirst?A.Anxious. B.Unhappy. C.Touched.14.WhatisspecialaboutMrs.Albright?A.Sheisarecordholder. B.Sheisbothblindanddeaf. C.Shewasbadlyhurtinthewar.15.WhenwasMrs.Albrightborn?A.In1920. B.In1922. C.In1943.16.WheredidMrs.Albrightlearnaboutthepowerofkindness?A.Fromherhusband’sexperience.B.Fromabookwrittenbyhersister.C.Fromasayingofafamousauthor.〖答案〗13.A14.A15.B16.C【原文】M:Thankssomuchforagreeingtothisinterview,Mrs.Albright.W:Well,ofcourse!I’veneverbeenfeaturedinthenewspaperbefore,soIwasworriedImightsaysomethingwrong.Butasmylatehusbandusedtosay,“I’lltryanythingonce!Nothingcanbeatme!”M:Ha-ha!Thatactuallyleadsmenicelytomyfirstquestion.Youjustcelebratedyourbirthdayandbecamethelongest-livedpersoninourcountry.Arethereanypersonalphilosophiesthathaveguidedyourlife?W:Well,forme,kindnesshasalwaysbeenthemostimportantthing.Iremember,mysisterboughtmeabookofwisesayingsformy21stbirthday.Thiswasin1943,sotherewasawaron.M:Right,ofcourse.W:Theonethathasalwaysstayedwithmeisbytheauthor,MarkTwain.Hesaid,“Kindnessisalanguagethatthedeafcanhearandtheblindcansee.”M:Wow!W:Itreallymademerealizehowimportantkindnessis.Kindnessisneverawaste.Everytimeyoudosomethingkind,youmaketheworldjustalittlebitbetter.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Whatistheurgentupdateabout?A.Changesontraintracks. B.Latearrivaloftrains. C.Trainmaintenance.18.Whodecidedtomaketheupdate?A.Railwayengineers. B.Stationmanagers. C.Safetyofficers.19.Whatissueisthestationtryingtodealwith?A.Thatticketsaresoldoutquickly.B.Thattrainsbreakdownontheway.C.Thatmanypassengersmisstheirtrains.20.Whatdoesthespeakerremindthepassengerstodointheend?A.Beawareofbadphonesignals.B.Buyfoodbeforeboardingthetrain.C.Setonlinepaymentmethodsinadvance.〖答案〗17.A18.C19.C20.A【原文】Attention,passengers,it’sthestationmanagerspeaking.Here’sanurgentupdateontoday’strainschedule.The12:30p.m.traintoMelbourneonTrack3willnowleavefromTrack2.Additionally,the2:00p.m.traintoBrisbaneonTrack1hasbeenmovedtoTrack4.There’surgenttrackmaintenanceforseveralstationlines,soourstation’ssafetyofficershavemadethisurgentdecision.Pleasedouble-checkthetracknumberbeforeboardingandcheckthedestinationsigntoconfirmyourtrain.Weunderstandthesechangesbringchallenges,sopleaseallowextratimetobuyticketsandboardtrains.Recently,we’vereceivedmanycommentsthatpassengerscouldn’tcatchtheirtrains.We’redoingeverythingwecantoreducethisproblem.Now,wehaveadditionalguidesinthestationtohelpeveryonefindtheirplatformandtrain.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,don’thesitatetoaskforhelp.Finally,weofferfoodanddrinksonthetrain.Pleasepreparesomecashincaseyouronlinepaymentfails,becausethephonesignalmaydropwhentrainsaretravelingthroughmountainsandcountrysideareas.So,pleasegetpreparedforthatandfindyourwaystokilltimeonthetrain.Thanksforlistening,andthanksforridingAustralianRailways.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AInyearspast,manypeoplewouldtraveloverNewYear’sEveandimmerse(沉浸)themselvesinadifferentculture.Countriesaroundtheworldcelebratethenewyearwithuniquecustomsandtraditionscarriedoutatthecelebration.Japan:EattoshikoshisobaShiwasuistheend-of-the-yearperiodinJapan.TocelebrateNewYear’sEve,peopleeat“year-crossing”soba,whichcansymbolizehavingalongandfortunatelifealongwithacleanbreakfromtheyear.However,wheneatenatmidnight,there’sacertaincrossoftheoldandthenewyear,thusyoucannot“breakoff”alloflastyear’stroublesproperlybutinsteadcarrythemovertothefollowingyear.Russia:Burn,thendrinkyourwishesAfterayearofruineddreamsandcanceledplans,setyoursightsonafreshstartwiththisRussiantradition.Beforemidnight,writedownyourwishesonapieceofpaper,thenlightthepaperonfire.Onceit’sstoppedburning,spreadthewish-filledashesintoaglassofchampagneanddrinkupshortlyaftertheclockcompletesstrikingmidnight.Spain:Eat12grapesPerhapstheeasiesttraditiontocarryoutiseatinggrapesforgoodluck.Whentheclockstartsstrikingatmidnight,eatonewitheachringingsound.Betterifyou’rewearingspecialNewYear’sEveunderwearwhileeatingyourgrapes.Apairofredunderwearcanbringyouanewyearoflove,whileyellowmaybringjoyandfortune.Greece:HangsomeonionsIfyou’vebeencookingthroughoutthepandemic,maybeyouhavesomeonionsaroundthehousetospareforthistradition.InGreece,onionssymbolizerebirth,sopeoplehangthemupontheirdoorsonDec.31toencourageayearofgrowth.KeeptheGreektraditionsgoingbybakingaspecialcakeonNewYear’sDay.Hideacoininthecakeandshareitwithyourlovedones-whoeverfindsthecoinissaidtohaveayearofgoodluck.21.Whereisthepassagemorelikelytobetakenfrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Ascientificessay. C.Atourismbrochure. D.Ahistorybook.22.Whichhasthesymbolicmeaningof“Bornagain”?A.Soba. B.Ashes. C.Grapes. D.Onions.23.InwhichcountrythingsareeatenwhilelisteningtotheNewYear’sbells?A.Japan B.Russia. C.Spain. D.Greece.〖答案〗21.C22.D23.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了不同國(guó)家慶祝新年的獨(dú)特習(xí)俗和傳統(tǒng)?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Inyearspast,manypeoplewouldtraveloverNewYear’sEveandimmerse(沉浸)themselvesinadifferentculture.Countriesaroundtheworldcelebratethenewyearwithuniquecustomsandtraditionscarriedoutatthecelebration.(在過(guò)去，許多人會(huì)在新年前夜旅行，沉浸在不同的文化中。世界各國(guó)都有各自獨(dú)特的習(xí)俗和傳統(tǒng)來(lái)慶祝新年)”和下文中對(duì)不同國(guó)家慶祝新年獨(dú)特習(xí)俗和傳統(tǒng)的介紹可推知，本文更符合旅游手冊(cè)的特點(diǎn)，旨在為游客提供旅游目的地的文化、風(fēng)俗等信息。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Greece:Hangsomeonions部分中“InGreece,onionssymbolizerebirth,sopeoplehangthemupontheirdoorsonDec.31toencourageayearofgrowth.(在希臘，洋蔥象征著重生，所以人們?cè)?2月31日把它們掛在門(mén)上，以鼓勵(lì)一年的增長(zhǎng))”可知，洋蔥象征“重生”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Spain:Eat12grapes(西班牙：吃12顆葡萄)部分中“Perhapstheeasiesttraditiontocarryoutiseatinggrapesforgoodluck.Whentheclockstartsstrikingatmidnight,eatonewitheachringingsound.(也許最容易完成的傳統(tǒng)是吃葡萄以求好運(yùn)。當(dāng)午夜鐘聲敲響時(shí)，每聽(tīng)到一聲鐘聲就吃一個(gè))”可知，在西班牙，人們一邊聽(tīng)著新年的鐘聲一邊吃東西。故選C項(xiàng)。BCoinedas“deliverymanbyday,poetbynight,”55-year-oldWangJibingearnsalivingasadeliverypersoninJiangsuProvince.Hestartedwritingpoemsonlineinthe2000s,andlaterexpandedtodifferentsocialmediaplatforms.Healsocameunderthespotlightashisnamewasonthe2023listofnewmembersfortheChineseWritersAssociation,igniting(點(diǎn)燃)praiseanddiscussionsamongChinesenetizens.Droppingoutofsecondaryschool,Wangtriedvariousjobstomakealiving,suchasaconstructionworkerandworkingonsandminingboats,aswellasagarbagecollector.Nowasahusbandandafatherofthreechildren,thefinancialburdenonhisshoulderhasbecomeheavierandhisworkschedulehasgottenevenbusier.Yetithasneverstoppedhimfromreadingandwritingroutinelyallhislife.Hispassionforpoetryhasdrivenhimtowriteover4,000poems.Hispoemtitled“PeopleinaHurry”gatheredmorethan13millionviewswithinaweek.Wanggainedinspirationforthepoemfromanunpleasantfooddeliveryexperiencein2019.Becausethecustomermadeamistakewiththeaddress,hehadtorushseveraltimestogetthefooddeliveredontime.Itledtodelayswithotherorders,aswellaspunishmentsandadecreaseinhisearningsforthedelivery.Thegovernmentlatertookactiontotacklethistypeofsituation,demandingdeliveryfirmsbetterprotectdeliveryperson’srights.ThesubjectsofWang’spoemscoverawiderange,includinghismemoriesofhisfamilyandhometown,andhisobservationsofsocietyandlifewhileworkingasalaborerindifferentcities.Duringaninterviewwiththemedia,Wangnotedthatdeliveringfoodallowshimtointeractwithmorepeopleandexperiencemorethings.Thejobhasalsosparkedadeeperunderstandingandempathyforothers.Writingpoetryhelpshimfeelcomfortableandfindpeaceofmind.24.HowisWang’sdailylifenow?A.Heenjoysthepopularityofhispoetry.B.Hewritesatnighttoletgohisdispleasure.C.Hebalanceshisresponsibilitiesandhisdream.D.Hestrugglesinspeakingupforordinarypeople.25.WhatcanweinferfromWang’s2019experienceanditsresult?A.Ordinarypeoplecanachieveagoodliving.B.Ordinarypeople’svoiceisheardbythesociety.C.Ordinarypeople’sideacanbeartfullyexpressed.D.Ordinarypeopleareeagertohaveaspiritualhomeland.26.WhydosomanypeoplereadWang’spoems?A.Hispoemshelppeoplegetmoreinformation.B.Hispoemscareabouttheunfairnessinthesociety.C.Hispoemsarefilledwithmemoriesofhisfamilyandhometown.D.Hispoemsarerootedineverydaylifeofordinarypeople.27.WhichwordcanbetterdescribeWang’sstory?A.Inspiring. B.Surprising. C.Interesting. D.Concerning.〖答案〗24.C25.B26.D27.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一名江蘇省的快遞員王計(jì)兵從2000年開(kāi)始在不同的網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺(tái)寫(xiě)詩(shī)，終于在2023年出現(xiàn)在中國(guó)作家協(xié)會(huì)新會(huì)員的名單上，引起了中國(guó)網(wǎng)民的贊揚(yáng)和討論。【24題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Nowasahusbandandafatherofthreechildren,thefinancialburdenonhisshoulderhasbecomeheavierandhisworkschedulehasgottenevenbusier.Yetithasneverstoppedhimfromreadingandwritingroutinelyallhislife.Hispassionforpoetryhasdrivenhimtowriteover4,000poems.”（現(xiàn)在作為一個(gè)丈夫和三個(gè)孩子的父親，他肩上的經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)變得更重了，他的工作日程也變得更忙了。然而，這從未阻止過(guò)他一生的日常閱讀和寫(xiě)作。他對(duì)詩(shī)歌的熱情驅(qū)使他寫(xiě)了4000多首詩(shī)。）可知，他在養(yǎng)家的過(guò)程中依舊寫(xiě)了許多詩(shī)，可得出他平衡了自己的責(zé)任和夢(mèng)想。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Hispoemtitled“PeopleinaHurry”gatheredmorethan13millionviewswithinaweek.Wanggainedinspirationforthepoemfromanunpleasantfooddeliveryexperiencein2019.

(他的詩(shī)《匆匆忙忙的人》在一周內(nèi)獲得了超過(guò)1300萬(wàn)的瀏覽量。王吉兵從2019年一次不愉快的送餐經(jīng)歷中獲得了這首詩(shī)的靈感。)”和“Thegovernmentlatertookactiontotacklethistypeofsituation,demandingdeliveryfirmsbetterprotectdeliveryperson’srights.”（政府后來(lái)采取措施解決這類情況，要求快遞公司更好地保護(hù)快遞員的權(quán)利。）可知，從2019年的不愉快的送餐經(jīng)歷中王計(jì)兵獲得了寫(xiě)詩(shī)靈感及該詩(shī)反映的送餐員困境的現(xiàn)象引起了政府的措施可以看出，普通人的聲音可以被社會(huì)聽(tīng)到。故選B項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“ThesubjectsofWang’spoemscoverawiderange,includinghismemoriesofhisfamilyandhometown,andhisobservationsofsocietyandlifewhileworkingasalaborerindifferentcities.”（王計(jì)兵的詩(shī)歌題材廣泛，包括他對(duì)家庭和家鄉(xiāng)的回憶，以及他在不同城市打工時(shí)對(duì)社會(huì)和生活的觀察。）可推知，許多人讀王計(jì)兵的詩(shī)，是因?yàn)樗脑?shī)植根于普通人的日常生活。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Coinedas“deliverymanbyday,poetbynight,”55-year-oldWangJibingearnsalivingasadeliverypersoninJiangsuProvince.Hestartedwritingpoemsonlineinthe2000s,andlaterexpandedtodifferentsocialmediaplatforms.Healsocameunderthespotlightashisnamewasonthe2023listofnewmembersfortheChineseWritersAssociation,igniting(點(diǎn)燃)praiseanddiscussionsamongChinesenetizens.”（55歲的王計(jì)兵在江蘇省以送貨為生，被譽(yù)為“白天送貨，晚上詩(shī)人”。2000年，他開(kāi)始在網(wǎng)上寫(xiě)詩(shī)，后來(lái)擴(kuò)展到不同的社交媒體平臺(tái)。由于他的名字出現(xiàn)在2023年中國(guó)作協(xié)新成員名單上，他也受到了關(guān)注，引發(fā)了中國(guó)網(wǎng)民的贊揚(yáng)和討論。）可知，王計(jì)兵的故事鼓舞人心。故選A項(xiàng)。CItisapracticefavoredbyLenaDunham,TomHanksandLadyGagatoimprovetheirfocusandbringaboutcalmnessinanoftenbusy,distractedworld.Nowresearchershavefoundevidencethatfrequentmeditation(冥想)overseveralyears,mayhelpchangehumangut(腸道),boostthebody’simmune(免疫的)systemandreducetheriskofanxiety,depressionandheartdisease.ThefindingsarepublishedbytheBritishMedicalJournal.Meditationisincreasinglyusedtohelptreatdrugabuse,overwhelmingstress,eatingdisordersandlong-lastingpain.Butuntilnowithasnotbeenclearwhetheritcouldalsobeabletochangethecompositionofthegutmicrobiome(微生物組).Inanefforttofindout,researchersledbytheShanghaiMentalHealthCentreattheShanghaiJiaoTongUniversityanalyzedthestool(糞便)andbloodsamplesof37TibetanBuddhistmonksfromthreetemplesand19residentsintheneighboringareas.TheTibetanmeditationfromtheancientIndianmedicalsystem,isaformofpsychologicaltraining.Themonksinthestudyhadpracticeditforatleast2hoursadayfor3-30years.Bothgroupswerematchedforage,bloodpressure,heartrateanddiet.Stoolsampleanalysisrevealedsignificantdifferencesinthediversityandvolumeofmicrobesbetweenthemonksandtheirneighbors.“Bacteriaenrichedinthemeditationgrouphadapositiveeffectonhumanphysicalandmentalhealth,”theresearcherswrote.“Thischangedgutmicrobiomecompositioncouldimproveimmunefunctioninthebody.”Bloodsampleanalysisalsorevealedthelevelsofmarkersassociatedwithriskofheartdiseaseweresignificantlylowerinthemonks.Theresearchersemphasizedthatthestudywasobservationalandthenumberjoiningwassmall,allmaleandlivingathighaltitude,makingitdifficulttodrawanyfirmorgeneralconclusions.However,basedontheirfindings,theresearcherssaidtheroleofmeditationinhelpingtopreventortreatmentalandphysicalillnessdeservedfurtherresearch.28.Whydomanypeopledomeditationaccordingtothepassage?A.Tobringaboutinnerpeace.B.Tocuresomecertainillnesses.C.Toreducesomeextramovement.D.Tochangethegutmicrobiomecomposition.29.Whatdidtheresearchersanalyzeintheirstudy?A.Stoolandbloodsample. B.Immunesystem.C.Humangut. D.TibetanMeditation.30.Accordingtothestudy,whatcontributedtohumanimmunesystem?A.TheDrugstakenbefore.B.Thereligionpeoplebelongto.C.Theeatinghabitformedalready.D.Thebacteriaproducedinthemeditation.31.Whatisthemajorachievementthestudymade?A.Ittrackedthejoinersoveralongperiod.B.Itexploredthewayhowthebacteriainfluencesthegutmicrobiome.C.Itinvolvedalargesamplesizeofdifferentgenders,agegroups,andareas.D.Itprovidesevidencethatmeditationchangesgutmicrobiomecomposition.〖答案〗28.A29.A30.D31.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了冥想對(duì)身心有諸多好處，來(lái)自上海交通大學(xué)的研究人員通過(guò)研究表明冥想也能改變腸道微生物組的組成，但因?qū)嶒?yàn)樣本諸多局限，很難得出任何確切或一般的結(jié)論。【28題詳析】推理判斷題題。由第一段中“ItisapracticefavoredbyLenaDunham,TomHanksandLadyGagatoimprovetheirfocusandbringaboutcalmnessinanoftenbusy,distractedworld.(這是LenaDunham、TomHanks和LadyGaga喜歡的一種練習(xí)，可以在一個(gè)經(jīng)常繁忙、分心的世界里提高注意力，帶來(lái)平靜。)”推知，很多人冥想是因?yàn)樗軒?lái)內(nèi)心的平靜。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中“Inanefforttofindout,researchersledbytheShanghaiMentalHealthCentreattheShanghaiJiaoTongUniversityanalyzedthestool(糞便)andbloodsamplesof37TibetanBuddhistmonksfromthreetemplesand19residentsintheneighboringareas.(為了找到〖答案〗，由上海交通大學(xué)上海心理健康中心領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究人員分析了來(lái)自三座寺廟的37名藏傳佛教僧侶和鄰近地區(qū)19名居民的糞便和血液樣本)”可知，研究人員在他們的研究中分析了糞便和血樣。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中“Stoolsampleanalysisrevealedsignificantdifferencesinthediversityandvolumeofmicrobesbetweenthemonksandtheirneighbors.“Bacteriaenrichedinthemeditationgrouphadapositiveeffectonhumanphysicalandmentalhealth,”theresearcherswrote.“Thischangedgutmicrobiomecompositioncouldimproveimmunefunctioninthebody.”(糞便樣本分析顯示，僧侶和他們的鄰居在微生物的多樣性和數(shù)量上存在顯著差異。研究人員寫(xiě)道：“冥想小組中富含的細(xì)菌對(duì)人類的身心健康有積極影響?！薄斑@種腸道微生物組組成的變化可以改善身體的免疫功能?！?”可知，冥想中產(chǎn)生的細(xì)菌對(duì)人體免疫系統(tǒng)有貢獻(xiàn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中“Butuntilnowithasnotbeenclearwhetheritcouldalsobeabletochangethecompositionofthegutmicrobiome(微生物組).Inanefforttofindout,researchersledbytheShanghaiMentalHealthCentreattheShanghaiJiaoTongUniversityanalyzedthestool(糞便)andbloodsamplesof37TibetanBuddhistmonksfromthreetemplesand19residentsintheneighboringareas.(但到目前為止，尚不清楚它是否也能改變腸道微生物組的組成。為了找到〖答案〗，由上海交通大學(xué)上海心理健康中心領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究人員分析了來(lái)自三座寺廟的37名藏傳佛教僧侶和鄰近地區(qū)19名居民的糞便和血液樣本)”和“Stoolsampleanalysisrevealedsignificantdifferencesinthediversityandvolumeofmicrobesbetweenthemonksandtheirneighbors.“Bacteriaenrichedinthemeditationgrouphadapositiveeffectonhumanphysicalandmentalhealth,”theresearcherswrote.“Thischangedgutmicrobiomecompositioncouldimproveimmunefunctioninthebody.”(糞便樣本分析顯示，僧侶和他們的鄰居在微生物的多樣性和數(shù)量上存在顯著差異。研究人員寫(xiě)道：“冥想小組中富含的細(xì)菌對(duì)人類的身心健康有積極影響?！薄斑@種腸道微生物組組成的變化可以改善身體的免疫功能。”)”可知，來(lái)自上海交通大學(xué)的研究人員通過(guò)研究得出冥想僧侶比起他們的鄰居在微生物的多樣性和數(shù)量上存在顯著差異，冥想中產(chǎn)生的細(xì)菌對(duì)人體免疫系統(tǒng)有貢獻(xiàn)，證實(shí)了冥想也能改變腸道微生物組的組成。故選D項(xiàng)。DDoesahappypersonlivelonger?Manystudieshaveconvincedusthathappinessbringsgoodhealth,whichhasresultedinanincreasingdemandforspeakersandproductsencouragingpositivethinking.However,beinghappydoesnotpromisethatoneisgoingtobehealthy.Thereareotherfactorsthatinfluenceone’shealthandlonglifesuchasaperson’sgenesorevenaperson’ssocio-economiccondition.Someresearchevensuggeststhatpositivethinkingcanbedangerous.Positivethinking,whentakentotheextreme,cancauseapersontobeseparatedfromreality.Forexample,apersonwhothinksthatstayinghappyandpositivecanhelphimrecoverfromanillnesslikecancerbutlaterfailstorecoverfromit,mayblamehimselffornotbeinghappy.Inthiscase,positivethinkingmaypotentiallymakethevictimdisregardotherfactors.Sometimesthepursuitofhappinessisevenassociatedwithseriousmentalhealthproblemssuchasdepression.Alltypesofhappinessarenotgoodforuseither.Forexample,pride,apleasantfeeling,cansometimesrobusoftheabilitytoempathizewithothersorunderstandanother’sviewpoint.Thisanti-socialbehaviorcancausepeoplearoundustoturnawayfromus,andthiscould,inturn,makeusfeellonelyanddoharmtoourmentalandevenphysicalhealth.Moreover,unpleasantfeelingscanbebeneficialtoaperson’swell-being.Researchersbelievethatunpleasantfeelingscanhelpusmakesenseofourchallengesandexperiencesinawaythatsupportspsychologicalwell-being.Forexample,ifIhavebehavedbadlytowardsmygoodfriend,thefeelingsofguiltandsadnessmightmotivatemetoapologizeandaskforforgiveness.Therebuildingofabrokenrelationshipcanbealifttoone’smentalwell-being.Intryingtoexperiencehappiness,weshouldrememberthatseekingforhappinessasanendinitselfcanbeself-defeating,anddoesnotnecessarilyleadtobetterhealth.Afterall,onewillsurelyexperiencesetbacksandconflictsinlife.Instead,learningtocopewithnegativeemotionswitharealisticpositiveattitudeiskeytoaperson’sgoodhealth.32.What’sthewriter’sopinioninthispassage?A.Negativethinkingcanbedangerous.B.Stayinghappycanbringgoodhealth.C.Unpleasantfeelingscannotbebeneficial.D.Happinesscannotensureone’sgoodhealth.33.Whencanpositivethinkingbedangerousaccordingtothepassage?A.Whenweuseitwitharealisticattitudetosolveproblems.B.Whenwefocusonitasanonlydeterminantofhappylife.C.Whenwethinkitoneofthenecessaryfactorforgoodhealth.D.Whenwerealizeitmayrobusoftheabilitytounderstandothers.34.Howcanunpleasantfeelingsbebeneficialtoaperson’swell-being?A.Theyrebuildabrokenrelationship.B.Theyleadtoself-reflectionandpersonalgrowth.C.Theyhelpkeeptheproblemsandchallengesaway.D.Theypreventlong-termnegativeeffectsonmentalhealth.35.Whichofthefollowinghasthesimilarmeaningof“anendinitself”?A.Anultimategoal. B.Anindividualplan.C.Afinaldecision. D.Agreatstart.〖答案〗32.D33.B34.B35.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章提出了快樂(lè)并不能保證一個(gè)人就會(huì)健康的觀點(diǎn)。還有其他因素影響一個(gè)人的健康和長(zhǎng)壽，例如一個(gè)人的基因，甚至一個(gè)人的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況決定是否會(huì)健康。學(xué)會(huì)用現(xiàn)實(shí)的積極態(tài)度應(yīng)對(duì)消極情緒是一個(gè)人健康的關(guān)鍵?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“However,beinghappydoesnotpromisethatoneisgoingtobehealthy.Thereareotherfactorsthatinfluenceone’shealthandlonglifesuchasaperson’sgenesorevenaperson’ssocio-economiccondition.”（然而，快樂(lè)并不能保證一個(gè)人就會(huì)健康。還有其他因素影響一個(gè)人的健康和長(zhǎng)壽，例如一個(gè)人的基因，甚至一個(gè)人的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況。）可知，文章中作者認(rèn)為快樂(lè)并不能保證一個(gè)人的健康。故選D?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Someresearchevensuggeststhatpositivethinkingcanbedangerous.Positivethinking,whentakentotheextreme,cancauseapersontobeseparatedfromreality.Forexample,apersonwhothinksthatstayinghappyandpositivecanhelphimrecoverfromanillnesslikecancerbutlaterfailstorecoverfromit,mayblamehimselffornotbeinghappy.Inthiscase,positivethinkingmaypotentiallymakethevictimdisregardotherfactors.”（一些研究甚至表明，積極思考可能是危險(xiǎn)的。當(dāng)走向極端時(shí)，積極的思考會(huì)導(dǎo)致一個(gè)人脫離現(xiàn)實(shí)。例如，一個(gè)人認(rèn)為保持快樂(lè)和積極可以幫助他從癌癥等疾病中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)，但后來(lái)卻無(wú)法恢復(fù)，他可能會(huì)責(zé)怪自己不快樂(lè)。在這種情況下，積極的思考可能會(huì)使受害者忽視其他因素。）可知，當(dāng)我們將積極思考視為幸福生活的唯一決定因素時(shí)，積極思考可能是危險(xiǎn)的。故選B。【34題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Moreover,unpleasantfeelingscanbebeneficialtoaperson’swell-being.Researchersbelievethatunpleasantfeelingscanhelpusmakesenseofourchallengesandexperiencesinawaythatsupportspsychologicalwell-being.Forexample,ifIhavebehavedbadlytowardsmygoodfriend,thefeelingsofguiltandsadnessmightmotivatemetoapologizeandaskforforgiveness.Therebuildingofabrokenrelationshipcanbealifttoone’smentalwell-being.”（此外，不愉快的感覺(jué)可能對(duì)一個(gè)人的健康有益。研究人員認(rèn)為，不愉快的感覺(jué)可以幫助我們以一種支持心理健康的方式理解我們的挑戰(zhàn)和經(jīng)歷。例如，如果我對(duì)我的好朋友表現(xiàn)不好，內(nèi)疚和悲傷的感覺(jué)可能會(huì)促使我道歉并請(qǐng)求原諒。重建一段破裂的關(guān)系可以提升一個(gè)人的精神健康。）可知，不愉快的感覺(jué)能導(dǎo)致自我反思和個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)，這有益于一個(gè)人的幸福。故選B?！?5題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“However,beinghappydoesnotpromisethatoneisgoingtobehealthy.Thereareotherfactorsthatinfluenceone’shealthandlonglifesuchasaperson’sgenesorevenaperson’ssocio-economiccondition.

(然而，快樂(lè)并不意味著一個(gè)人就會(huì)健康。還有其他因素會(huì)影響一個(gè)人的健康和長(zhǎng)壽，例如一個(gè)人的基因，甚至一個(gè)人的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況。)”可知，快樂(lè)不一定會(huì)讓我們健康，我們不能把追求快樂(lè)當(dāng)作目的。以及二段說(shuō)到積極思想有時(shí)很危險(xiǎn)，第三段說(shuō)不是所有的快樂(lè)都對(duì)我們有好處，最后一段“Intryingtoexperiencehappiness,weshouldrememberthatseekingforhappinessasanendinitselfcanbeself-defeating,anddoesnotnecessarilyleadtobetterhealth.Afterall,onewillsurelyexperiencesetbacksandconflictsinlife.Instead,learningtocope