考研英語復(fù)習(xí)長難句翻譯

考研英語復(fù)習(xí)長難句翻譯（1-10）1.Giventhenatureofgovernmentandprivateemployers,itseemsmostlikelythatdiscriminationbyprivateemployerswouldbegreater.2.Moreimportantlythenotionthattheinterruptionorintensificationofproteinproductioninthebraincanberelatedincause-and-effectfashiontolearningnowseemssimplisticandunproductive.3.Aspiriteddiscussionspringsupbetweenayounggirlwhosaysthatwomenhaveoutgrownthejumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-amouseeraandamajorwhosaysthattheyhaven’t.4.Theyaretryingtofindoutwhetherthereissomethingaboutthewayweteachlanguagetochildrenwhichinfactpreventschildrenfromlearningsooner.5.Mathematicianswhohavetriedtousethecomputerstocopythewaythebrainworkshavefoundthatevenusingthelatestelectronicequipmenttheywouldhavetobuildacomputerwhichweighedover10,000kilos.6.Sincedifferentpeopleliketodosomanydifferentthingsintheirsparetime,wecouldmakealonglistofhobbies,takingineverythingfromcollectingmatchboxesandraisingrarefish,tolearningaboutthestarsandmakingmodelships.7.Theyknowthatasealswimmingundertheicewillkeepabreathingholeopenbyitswarmbreath,sotheywillwaitbesidetheholeandkillit.8.Althoughsignsofdishonestyinschool,businessandgovernmentseemmuchmorenumerousinrecentyearsthaninthepast,coulditbethatwearegettingbetteratrevealingsuchdishonesty?9.GutmanarguesconvincinglythatthestabilityoftheBlackfamilyencouragedthetransmissionof—andsowascrucialinsustaining—theBlackheritageoffolklore,music,andreligiousexpressionfromonegenerationtoanother,aheritagethatslaveswerecontinuallyfashioningoutoftheirAfricanandAmericanexperiences.10.If,forexample,somepredators(食肉動物)hadattackeda100tondinosaur(恐龍),normallytorpid(緩慢的,呆鈍的),thedinosaurwouldhavebeenabletogeneratealmostinstantaneously,viaanaerobicglycolysis(無氧糖酵解),theenergyof3,000humansatmaximumoxidativemetabolic(氧化新陳代謝)energyproduction.1.按照政府和私企的性質(zhì)來看，私企中的歧視好像很可能更嚴(yán)重一些。2.更重要的是，大腦中蛋白質(zhì)的產(chǎn)生的中斷或加強可以以因果模式同學(xué)習(xí)進程聯(lián)系起來的概念現(xiàn)在看起來已經(jīng)簡單而又沒有什么價值了。3.一場別開生面的/激烈的辯論在一位少女和一位少校之間展開：少女認(rèn)為婦女已經(jīng)過了那種看見耗子就嚇得跳上椅子的時代，而少校則認(rèn)為她們還沒有。4.他們正努力找出在我們教孩子語言的方式中是否存在一些實際上阻礙孩子更快學(xué)習(xí)語言的做法。5.曾試圖用電腦來模擬人腦工作模式的數(shù)學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，即便使用目前最先進的電子設(shè)備，他們做出來的電腦也要1萬公斤。6.由于不同的人在各自的業(yè)余時間里所做的事差別很大，所以我們可以列出各種各樣的愛好，其中既包括收集火柴盒和喂養(yǎng)珍稀魚類，也包括研究天文和制作模型輪船。7.他們了解到在冰面下游泳的海豹要通過它口中的熱氣保持透氣孔的開放，所以他們就等在透氣孔旁邊以獵殺海豹。8.盡管在學(xué)校里、商業(yè)中及政府中的不誠實行為跡象近幾年要比以前多得多，但是是否可能這是由于我們現(xiàn)在更善于揭露那樣的不誠實行為呢？9.Gutman堅信，黑人家庭的穩(wěn)定促使黑人的民俗學(xué)、音樂及宗教信仰等文化遺產(chǎn)能夠代代相傳起，因此對它們維系起到了至關(guān)重要的作用。這些文化遺產(chǎn)是奴隸們通過不斷積淀他們在非洲和美洲的經(jīng)歷而形成的。比如，假設(shè)某些食肉動物攻擊一只100噸重的恐龍，當(dāng)然通常都是些行動緩慢的恐龍，那么該恐龍能夠在瞬間通過無氧糖酵解產(chǎn)生出巨大能量，該能量相當(dāng)于3000個人在氧化新陳代謝達到極限時所產(chǎn)生能量的總和。11.Thesehistorianscontendthatnineteenth-centurysuffragismwaslessradicaland,hence,lessimportantthan,forexample,themoralreformmovementordomesticfeminism—twonineteenth-centurymovementsinwhichwomenstruggledformorepowerandautonomywithinthefamily.12.Forthesmoothoperationofthiscircle,degradationisjustasimportantassynthesis:thegreenplantsproducegreatquantitiesofpolymers（聚合體）,suchascellulose（纖維素）,andinnumerableothercompoundslikealkaloids（生物堿）thatgreenplantscannotuseassourcesofenergyduringrespiration.13.Accordingtothistheory,itisnotthequalityofthesensorynerveimpulsesthatdeterminesthediverseconscioussensationstheyproduce,butratherthedifferentareasofthebrainintowhichtheydischarge,andthereissomeevidenceforthisview.14.AtthismomentofnationaldestinyitwasfortunateforherthatinmenofthecaliberofPrinceHenry,knownastheNavigator,andKingJohnⅡshefoundresoluteanddedicatedleaders.15.AsurveyconductedinBritainconfirmedthatanabnormallyhighpercentageofpatientssufferingfromarthritisofthespinewhohadbeentreatedwithXrayscontractedcancer.26.SupportersoftheStarWarsdefensesystemhopethatthiswouldnotonlyprotectanationagainstanactualnuclearattack,butwouldbeenoughofathreattokeepanuclearwarfromeverhappening.Neitherwoulditpreventcruisemissilesorbombers,whoseflightsarewithintheEarth’satmosphere,fromhittingtheirtargets.27.CivilrightsactivistshavelongarguedthatoneoftheprincipalreasonswhyBlacks,Hispanics,andotherminoritygroupshavedifficultyestablishingthemselvesinbusinessisthattheylackaccesstothesizableordersandsubcontractsthataregeneratedbylargecompanies.28.Thequestionofwhetherthedecreaseinplantfecunditycausedbythesprayingofpesticidesactuallycausesadeclineintheoverallpopulationoffloweringplantspeciesstillremainsunanswered.29.Duringthenineteenthcentury,sheargues,theconceptofthe“useful”childwhocontributedtothefamilyeconomygavewaygraduallytothepresentdaynotionofthe“useless”childwho,thoughproducingnoincomefor,andindeedextremelycostlytoitsparents,isyetconsideredemotionally“priceless”.30.Whilethefactofthisconsumerrevolutionishardlyindoubt,threekeyquestionsremain:whoweretheconsumers?Whatweretheirmotives?Andwhatweretheeffectofthenewdemandforluxuries?21.由于很多淡水水體體積很小，所以生物成分在淡水中對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的影響通常要比在海水或土壤中對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的影響大。22.由于雌性飛蛾產(chǎn)卵的數(shù)量與其大小直接相關(guān)，而她的大小完全由她在毛蟲階段的營養(yǎng)決定，因此“樹木”防御機制對飛蛾的繁殖能力有重大影響。23.我們要獲得什么樣的平衡，是要以現(xiàn)有的幸福為基礎(chǔ)然后繼續(xù)在積極的一面成就越來越多的好事還是要夸大現(xiàn)有的苦難直到我們的生命轉(zhuǎn)向消極的一面淪為被我以前的一名保姆常常形容的“沮喪”的狀態(tài)，這一問題在很大程度上取決于我們用語言創(chuàng)造了什么樣的精神。24.在我們對動物的探察能力沒有了解透徹，對動物在地震前的身體反應(yīng)也沒有了解透徹時，我們對于動物到底感覺到了什么只能進行猜測了。25.中國則給農(nóng)民給其他農(nóng)村居民發(fā)放出版物，教授他們觀察動物的哪些方面以便每個家庭都能幫助預(yù)測地震。26.星球大戰(zhàn)防御體系的支持者們認(rèn)為這一體系不僅可以保護國家免受確實的核攻擊，還有足夠的威懾力去防止核戰(zhàn)爭的發(fā)生。它也不能阻止在地球大氣內(nèi)飛行的巡航導(dǎo)彈或炸彈攻擊目標(biāo)。27.民權(quán)活動家長期以來一致認(rèn)為黑人，西班牙人以及其他少數(shù)民族很難在商業(yè)上有所作為的主要原因是他們不能得到大公司的大宗的訂單和轉(zhuǎn)包合同。28.噴灑殺蟲劑所造成的植物繁殖能力下降是否確實導(dǎo)致開花植物種類總體數(shù)量的減少的問題仍然沒有答案。29.她認(rèn)為，十九世紀(jì)中的對家庭經(jīng)濟做出貢獻的“指得上的”孩子觀念已經(jīng)漸漸地被現(xiàn)今“指不上的”孩子觀念所取代，這種孩子雖然不給父母帶來任何收入，事實上還給父母帶來巨額開銷，卻被認(rèn)為在感情上是“無價之寶”。30.盡管這場消費者革命的事實是沒有什么值得懷疑的，然而仍然有三個主要問題存在：即誰是消費者？他們的動機是什么？對奢侈品的新需求又產(chǎn)生了什么影響呢？31．Whilethefactofthisconsumerrevolutionishardlyindoubt,threekeyquestionsremain:whoweretheconsumers?Whatweretheirmotives?Andwhatweretheeffectofthenewdemandforluxuries?32．Althoughithasbeenpossibletoinferfromthegoodsandservicesactuallyproducedwhatmanufacturersandservicingtradesthoughttheircustomerswanted,onlyastudyofrelevantpersonaldocumentswrittenbyactualconsumerswillprovideaprecisepictureofwhowantedwhat.33．Aworkofscholarshipaddressedtoanaudienceofscholarinthesamefieldasauthorwillneedacompletelydifferenttableofcontentsfromaprimeronthesubjectaddressedtolayreaderswhoknowlittleornothingaboutthetopic.34．Well,it’scertainlytrue,that,mostofthetimeit’sextremelyusefulandconvenienttoknowthatyoucaninstantaneouslyhavehundredsofthousandsofcompletearticlesatyourfingertipsoncommand.There’snothinglikethesatisfactionofwatchingyourprinterchurnoutarticleafterarticle.Noneedtodrivetolibrary,noneedtogetupandtrackdownpublishersbyphone——youjustsitbackandwatchthecopyrollin.35．Withrespecttotheirreasonsforimmigrating,Grassydoesnotdenytheirfrequentlynotedfactthatsomeoftheimmigrantsofthe1630’s,mostnotablytheorganizersandclergy,advancedreligiousexplanationsfordeparture,buthefindsthats36．HewaspuzzledthatIdidnotwantwhatwasobviouslya“stepup”towardwhatallAmericansaretaughttowantwhentheygrowup:moneyandpower.37．However,wheninvestmentflowsprimarilyinonedirection,asitgenerallydoesfromindustrialtodevelopingcountries,theseeminglyreciprocalrestrictionsproducerevenuesacrificesprimarilybythestatereceivingmostoftheforeigninvestmentandproducingmostoftheincome—namely,thedevelopingcountrypartner.38．ThepursuitofprivateinterestswithaslittleinterferenceaspossiblefromgovernmentwasseenastheroadtohumanhappinessandprogressratherthanthepublicobligationandinvolvementinthecollectivecommunitythatemphasizedbytheGreeks.39．Noprudentpersondaredtoactontheassumptionthat,whenthecontinentwassettled,onegovernmentcouldincludethewhole;andwhenthevastexpensebrokeup,asseemedinevitable,intoacollectionofseparatenations,onlydiscord,antagonism,andwarscouldbeexpected.40．Iftheywererightinthinkingthatthenextnecessityinhumanprogresswastolifttheaveragepersonuponanintellectualandsociallevelwiththemostfavored,theystoodatleastthreegenerationsnearerthanEuropetothatgoal.31盡管這場消費者革命的事實是沒有什么值得懷疑的，然而仍然有三個主要問題存在：即誰是消費者？他們的動機是什么？對奢侈品的新需求又產(chǎn)生了什么影響呢？32．雖然從確實生產(chǎn)出來的產(chǎn)品和所提供的服務(wù)中可能推測出制造商們和服務(wù)業(yè)知道他們的顧客想要什么，但是只有通過對真正由顧客填寫的相關(guān)個人檔案的研究才能準(zhǔn)確了解誰都需要些什么。33．如果專業(yè)著作的讀者群和作者的研究領(lǐng)域相同，那么該著作所用的目錄編排方式應(yīng)該與寫給業(yè)余讀者的關(guān)于同一主題的初級讀物的目錄編排完全不同。34．有一點是千真萬確的，那就是通常情況下你若知道你僅需要鍵入一個命令，就能立刻獲得數(shù)以萬計完整的文章，那就是極為有用和方便的。沒有什么比你看著打印機一篇篇地打印出文章來更令人滿意的了。無須開車去圖書館，也無須起身打電話找尋出版商，你只需坐在那，看著副本一頁接一頁被打印出來就可以了。35．關(guān)于移民的原因，Grassy并沒有否認(rèn)這樣一個常見的事實：17世紀(jì)30年代的一些移民（特別是那些組織者和牧師）加深了對移民行為的宗教性解釋，只不過他發(fā)現(xiàn)這些宗教性的解釋只有在回顧歷史時才顯示出重要性。36．很多美國人被教導(dǎo)著長大后要往“高處”走，去追求錢和權(quán)。而當(dāng)他發(fā)現(xiàn)我并沒有這樣的愿望時他感到非常的不解。37。然而，當(dāng)投資流向一個方向，通常都是從工業(yè)化國家流到發(fā)展中國家，看似互惠的限制性條款會給接受大部分外國投資并帶來大部分收入的國家——即發(fā)展中國家的合作伙伴帶來收入損失。38．通往人類幸福和進步的道路在于追求個人利益而政府的干涉越少越好，而不在于希臘人所強調(diào)的大眾在團體中的責(zé)任和參與。39.任何聰明人都不敢采取行動，因為當(dāng)整個大陸統(tǒng)一時，一個政府就可以統(tǒng)轄一切；然而當(dāng)偌大的國土分崩離析成一個個獨立的國家（這一點看似不可避免），那么等待我們的只能是混亂、敵對和戰(zhàn)爭了。40.他們認(rèn)為人類進步的下一個必要步驟就是在智慧和社會層面上讓一般人和社會精英一起進步，如果這種想法是對的，那么比起歐洲來，他們與這一目標(biāo)的距離至少近了3代人。41．Itcanbeviewedaseitherthebeginningofanew"goldenage"fortheprofession,orthepointwhenlibrariansandinformationprofessionalsbecamemarginalizedbytherapidadvancesindigitalcomputerandtelecommunicationtechnologies.42．Informationretrievalwillevolvefromatechnologywhichfindslonglistsofdocumentstoonethatanswersquestions.43．Librariansandinformationprofessionalsareinapositiontotransformthemselvesintovalue-addingknowledgeprofessionals,which,however,willrequirearadicalchangeinhowtheyviewtheirrolesandjobs.44．However,ratherthanjustsmallerdeviceswithexpandedcapabilities,ITisinessenceaboutdigitizinginformationwithinwhichwefindwords,images,andsounds.45．ItistotheKnowledgeAgewhatrailways,oil,andcarsweretotheIndustrialAge.46．TheimmenselylongevolutionofthecosmosfromtheBigBangtothepresentandstillevolvingclustersofgalaxies,aswellastheevolutionofmatteronearthfrominorganictolivingstatesandfromsimplelifetohumanconsciousnessisanotherstoryfilledwiththesubtleinteractionbetweenchanceandlaw.47．Tokeepupwiththepaceofevolutiononearth,mutationsingenesthatresultedfromthesun'sultravioletraysorexposuretochemicalsgiverisetolifeformsthatvary.48．Intelligentlifewoulddevelop,atanyrate,forthatthematteroftheuniversehasthepotenti