現(xiàn)在完成時++完整版+練習題 人教版八年級英語下冊

教學內(nèi)容現(xiàn)在完成時教學目標熟悉現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在完成時的概念以及與一般過去式的區(qū)別。掌握現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定句、否定句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問句結構。3.掌握并牢記現(xiàn)在完成時的標志詞。4.讓學生懂得鑒別短暫性動詞與持續(xù)性動詞區(qū)別；重點現(xiàn)在完成時的四種句式結構；標志詞。難點短暫性動作與持續(xù)性動作現(xiàn)在完成時一、引入：-DidyouvisitBeijingbefore?-Yes,Idid.-No,Ididn’t.HaveyouevervisitedBeijing?Yes,I________.No,I________.HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?Yes,I________.No,I________.概念:（1）現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結果Ihavespentallofmymoney(sofar).(含義是:現(xiàn)在我沒有錢花了.)GuoZijunhas(just/already)come.(含義：郭子君現(xiàn)在在這兒)Myfatherhasgonetowork.(含義是:我爸爸現(xiàn)在不在這兒)（2）現(xiàn)在完成時可以用來表示發(fā)生在過去某一時刻的,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作（用行為動詞表示）或狀態(tài)（be動詞表示）常與for（+時間段）,since（+時間點或過去時的句子）連用.三、結構(重點)接觸一：肯定句式主語+have（has）＋過去分詞+其他。如：Wehavejustfinishedourhomework．

Shehasgonehome．注意：1）該句式中的have或has是助動詞，has用于第三人稱單數(shù)，其它人稱一律用have。2）該句式中have（has）和過去分詞之間可用just插入。3）把該句式譯成漢語時，往往用“已經(jīng)”、“剛剛”、“過”或“了”等。接觸二：否定句式主語+haven't（hasn't）＋過去分詞+其他。Wehaven’tstudiedUnit2yet．

Thetrainhasn'tstoppedyet．接觸三：一般疑問句式Has/Have+主語+過去分詞+其他？Haveyoureadthisstorybookyet？特殊疑問句及反意疑問句結構如下：You'vereadthisstorybook,haven'tyou?注意：1）現(xiàn)在完成時的一般疑問句往往在句末加yet。2）把現(xiàn)在完成時的一般疑問句譯成漢語時，往往譯成“……過嗎？”、“已經(jīng)……了嗎？”等。3）其肯定回答用“Yes，．．．have（has）．”，否定回答用“No，．haven't（hasn't）．”，有時用“No，notyet．”或“No，never．”。接觸四：特殊疑問句式疑問代詞/疑問副詞+has/have+主語+過去分詞+其他？Whathaveyoudonewithmybike?Wherehasyourbrothergone?Whenhaveyoufinishedyourhomework?動詞變過去分詞的規(guī)則（重要）（PS:你規(guī)我就規(guī)，你不規(guī)我就不規(guī)；你--過去式；我--過去分詞）規(guī)則變化1)一般的動詞直接在后面+ed例：worked，visited，asked，played，stayed2)以不發(fā)音字母e結尾，直接加d例：likedlivedmoved3）以1個元音字母+1個輔音字母結尾的動詞，雙寫末尾輔音字母再加ed例：stoppeddroppedrobbedplanned，preferred4）以輔音字母加y結尾，改y為i,再加ed.例：carried，worried，tried，cried

不規(guī)則變化請參照英語教材附錄（不規(guī)則動詞過去式、過去分詞表）。記死背硬2、不規(guī)則動詞：AAA型原型過去式過去分詞burst–burst-bursthurt-hurt-hurtlet-let-letput–put-putcast-cast-castcost-cost-costcut-cut-cuthit–hit-hitset-set-setshut-shut-shutspread–spread-spreadread-read-read,read原形發(fā)音為/ri:d/,過去式和過去分詞發(fā)音為/red/AAB型Beat-beat-beatenABA型Become-became-becomerun-ran-runcome–came-come特殊情況ABB型bring-brought–broughtbuy–bought-boughtbuild-built-builtburn-burnt-burntcatch-caught-caughtdig-dug-dugfeel-felt-feltfight–fought-foughtfind-found-foundhear–heard-heardhold-held-heldkeepkept-keptlay–laid-laidlead-led–ledlose-lost-lostmake-made-mademeet-met-metsell-sold-soldshoot-shot-shotsit-sat–satstand-stood-stoodsweep-swept–sweptteach-taught-taughttell-told-toldthink-thought-thoughtwin–won-wonABC型begin-began–begunblow-blew–blownbreak-broke-brokenchoose-chose-chosendraw-drew–drawndrive–drove-drivendrink–drank-drunkfly-flew-flownforgive–forgave-forgivenforget–forgot-forgottenfreeze-froze-frozengive-gave-givengrow-grew-grownknow-knew-knownride-rode-riddenrise–rose-risenring-rang–rungshake-shook-shakensing–sang-sungsink-sank–sunkswim-swam-swumthrow–threw-thrownwrite-wrote-written五、現(xiàn)在完成時的標志（非常重要）1、ever（曾）、never（未曾）、already（已經(jīng)）、yet（仍、還）、sofar（到目前為止）just（剛剛）、before（以前)inthepast/last＋一段時間:inthepasttenyears在剛過去的十年里for+一段時間：fortwodays有兩天了since+過去一個時間點（譯為：自從……以來）since1991:自從1991年到現(xiàn)在since+一段時間+agosince14yearsago:自從14年前到現(xiàn)在③since+從句（一般過去時的句子）sinceIwasborn:自從我出生到現(xiàn)在④Itis+一段時間+since+從句（一般過去時的句子）或者：Ithasbeen+一段時間+since+（一般過去時的句子）譯作“自從…以來,已經(jīng)…(時間)了”.如Itisthreemonthssincehemovedtothiscity.=Ithasbeenthreemonthssincehemovedtothiscity.自從他般進這座城市以來，已經(jīng)有3個月了。PS:already,yet,ever,never,just的用法already肯定句，強調(diào)已經(jīng)的意,放句中或句末.Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.=Ihavefinishedmyhomeworkalready.yet否定句（還沒）、問句（已經(jīng)），放句末Hehasn’tfinishedhishomeworkyet.Hashefinishedhishomeworkyet?ever問句，表示曾經(jīng)的意思HasJohneverbeentoZhuhai?never含否定意思的肯定句，表示從沒的意思HehasneverbeentoChina.just肯定句，表示剛剛的意思IhavejustcomebackfromChina.練習：用already,yet,ever,never,just填空1.

Haveyouseenthefilm()?2.

Haveyoudoneyourhomework()?-Not(),Iwilldoitaftersupper.3.

Haveyou()beentoEngland?-No,().4.

Ihave()finishedreadingthebook.5.

Ihave()paidforthecar.

for,since及howlongFor+時間段：表示某個動作持續(xù)了多長時間JoeyhasbeeninNewYorkfor10years.Since+時間點（具體時間/…ago/某個動作發(fā)生的時間）：表示某個動作是從什么時候開始的，間接地表示這個動作持續(xù)的時間JoeyhasbeeninNewYorksince1996.JoeyhasbeeninNewYorksincetenyearsago.JoeyhasbeeninNewYorksincehefirstarrived.兩者都可以回答由Howlong引導的問題。HowlonghasJoeybeeninNewYork?

練習：用for,since及howlong填空1.

Thewindhasblown()2hours.2.

Thedoghasstayedthere()itateitsdinner.3.

()hastheoldmanlaininbed?4.

Theteacherhasthoughtabouttheproblem()yesterday.5.

Thehorsehasrun()quitealongtime.6.

Theduckshaveswum()thirtyminutes.7.

Thepoorchildhasworntheoldclothes()7yearsold.

六、havebeento,havegonetoHave(has)beento表示曾經(jīng)到過某地（通?，F(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了）MymotherhasbeentoLondontwice.媽媽去過兩次倫敦。（媽媽現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了，在家）Have(has)goneto表示已經(jīng)去了某地（通常不在說話的地方）MymotherhasgonetoLondon.媽媽去了倫敦。（媽媽現(xiàn)在就在倫敦，不在家）練習1.

Jennyiswell-traveled.Shehas______________toGermanytwice.2.

Janeisn’tinnow.Shehas______________totheoffice.CanItakeamessage?3.

Myfatherisasuccessfulbusinessman.He’s______________tomanycountries.4.

It’sadangerousplace.Nobodyhasever______________there.5.

Themanagerhas______________toBeijing.Hewillbebacktomorrow.6.

Thetigerofthezooismissing.Noneofusknowswhereithas______________.

havebeento,havebeenin,havebeenHavebeento去過某地，現(xiàn)在不在那里。末尾通常+頻數(shù)（多少次）例：IhavebeentoParis.NowIamstayinginZhuhai.Havebeenin一直呆在某地，后接地點例：IcametoZhuhaiin2004.SoIhavebeeninZhuhaifor2yearsalready.Havebeen后接名詞和表狀態(tài)的詞組Ihavebeenateachersince2004.IhavebeenatNo.4MiddleSchoolfor2years.練習1.A:Where’sJim,LiLei?B:He______________theschoollibrary.2.TheGreens_____________Chinaforthreeyears.We_____________theGreatWalltwice.It’sverybeautiful.1.Someofushave______________Zhuhaiforonlyaweek.2.Susanhas______________inthisbandforoverfiveyears.3.

Myfatherhas______________Guangdongseveraltimes.4.Ithas______________alongtimesinceIfirstmetJohnny.5.

HelovesZhuhaiandhehas______________therequiteafewtimes.6.Judiehasalways______________agoodstudentandherclassmateslikeher.7.Tonyhas______________Americabefore,sothistimehewilltraveltoFrance.8.Betty’s__________athomeforthreedays.Shedoesn’tfeelinglikegoingout.9.

Thebosshas______________theofficesinceearlythismorning.Heworkshard.

現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)專練句型轉(zhuǎn)換：Hehasalreadygonehome. He___________________home____________.(否定句)____________he__________home___________?(一般疑問句)Hehaslunchathome. He_______________________lunchathome.(否定句)____________he__________lunchathome?(一般疑問句)Hehasbeentheretwice. ______________________________________hebeenthere?(劃線提問)Ihavelunchatschool. ____________________you____________lunch?(劃線提問)用since和for填空1.______twoyears2._______twoyearsago3._______lastmonth4.______19995._______yesterday6._______4o’clock7.______4hours8._______anhourago9._______wewerechildren10._____lunchtime11.______shelefthere12.HehaslivedinNanjing________theyearbeforelast.13.I’veknownhim__________wewerechildren.14.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese_________threeyears.15.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity___________abouttenyears.16.It’sabouttenyears__________sheleftthecity.用適當?shù)臅r態(tài)填空：1.She’s_____________(live)hereeversinceshewasten.2.Bothofthem___________________(be)inHongkongfortendays.3.Bothofthem__________(come)toHongkongtendaysago.4.Halfanhour___________________(pass)sincethetrain__________(leave).5.Mary________________(lose)herpen.___________you____________(see)ithereandthere?6._____________you____________(find)yourwatchyet?7.Areyouthirsty? NoI_________just_____________(have)someorange.8.We_____________already______________(return)thebook.9.___________they____________(build)anewschoolinthevillage?10.I__________________(notfinish)myhomework.Canyouhelpme?11.Myfather________________(read)thenoveltwice.12.I_________(buy)abookjustnow.13.I_________(lost)mywatchyesterday.14.Myfather__________________(read)thisbooksinceyesterday.

三、用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto及goto形式填空。1)WhereisJack?He__________hiscountryyesterday.2)David________theparkjustnow.4)Howlong_____he__________thisvillage?5)TheSmiths______Beijingfor5years.6)_____youever____________America?--Yes,I____________theremanytimes.7)I__________________thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.8)WhereisJim?He___________thefarmsinceIcamehere.9)When_____he_____?He_______anhourago.10)Wouldyouliketo_____thezoowithme?Yes,butI_____therebefore.11)Where_____you_____now?I____thezoo.12)Heoften_____swimming.13)_____you______therelastyear?14)_____theyoften______skatinginwinter?七、瞬間動詞和持續(xù)性動詞用于完成時的區(qū)別延續(xù)動詞表示經(jīng)驗、經(jīng)歷；瞬間動詞表示行為的結果，不能與表示時間段(for+時間段/since+時間點)的時間狀語連用。Hehascompletedthework.他已完成了那項工作。(表結果)Juliahasborrowedthebook.Julia已經(jīng)借了那本書。I'veknownhimsincethen.我從那時起就認識他了。(表經(jīng)歷)Juliahaskeptthebookfor3days.Julia已借了三天這本書了。瞬間動詞不能和表示一段時間(for+時間段/since+時間點)的時間狀語連用,但是他可以轉(zhuǎn)換成相應的延續(xù)性動詞.瞬間動詞————→持續(xù)性動詞1.直接用延續(xù)性動詞buy–havecatch(get)acold–haveacoldborrow—keepcome—beherego—betherebecome—beputon—wear2.轉(zhuǎn)換成be+名詞jointhearmy–beasoldierjointheParty–beaPartymembergotoschool–beastudent3.轉(zhuǎn)換成be+形容詞或副詞die—bedeadfinish–beoverbegin—beonleave—beawayfromfallsleep–beasleepclose–beclosed4.轉(zhuǎn)換成be+介詞短語gotoschool–beinschooljointhearmy–beinthearmy重點記憶：瞬間動詞（buy,die,join,come，go，leave,……）不能直接與forsince連用。要改變動詞buyhaveborrowkeepcome/arrive/reach/gettobeingooutbeoutleavebeawaybeginbeonfinishbeoveropenbeopenclosebecloseddiebedead★1.have代替buyMybrotherhashad(不能用hasbought)thisbikeforalmostfouryears.★2、用keep或have代替borrowIhavekept(不能用haveborrowed)thebookforquiteafewdays.★3、用be替代becomeHowlonghasyoursisterbeenateacher?★4、用haveacold代替catchacoldTomhashadacoldsincethedaybeforeyesterday.★5、用wear代替putonb)用“be＋形容詞”代終止性動詞1、be＋married代marry2、be＋ill代fall(get)ill3、be＋dead代die4、be＋asleep代fall(get)asleep5、be＋awake代wake/wakeup6、be＋gone代lose,die,sell,leave7、be＋open代open8、beclosed代close/shut9、be＋missing(gone,lost)代losec)用“be＋副詞”代終止性動詞1“be＋on”代start,begin2“be＋up”代getup3“be＋back(to)”代returnto,comebackto,gobackto4“behere(there)”代come(arrive,reach,get)here或go(arrive,reach,get)there等等d)用“be＋介詞短語”代終止性動詞1.“bein/at+地點”代替goto/cometo2.用beinthearmy代替jointhearmy3.“bein/at+地點”代替moveto常用瞬間動詞變延續(xù)性動詞表：（背誦?。。。?.havearrivedat/in地點.gotto/reached地點.come/gone/movedto地點.→havebeenin地點./at…相應的介詞2.havecome/goneback/returned→havebeenback3.havecome/goneout→havebeenout4.havebecome→havebeen5.haveclosed/opened→havebeenclose/open6.havegotup→havebeenup；7.havedied→havebeendead；8.haveleft地點.→havebeenawayfrom地點.9.havefallenasleep/gottosleep→havebeenasleep；10.havefinished/ended/completed→havebeenover；11.havemarried→havebeenmarried；12.havestarted/beguntodosth.→havedonesth.；13.havebegun→havebeenon14.haveborrowed/bought→havekept/had15.havelost→haven’thad16.haveputon→haveworn17.havecaught/getacold→havehadacold；18.havegottoknow→haveknown19.have/hasgoneto→havebeenin20.havejoined/havetakenpartintheleague/theParty/thearmy→havebeenamemberof/havebeenin/havebeentheParty’smember/theleaguemember/thesoldier…1.我們買這本書三年了.Wehavehadthebookforthreeyears.Weboughtthebookthreeyearsago2.他感冒三天了.Hehashadacoldforthreedays.Hecaughtacoldthreedaysago.1.Hisuncle____________(die)fortwoyears.2.Helefthishometownthreeyearsago.(改為同義句)He________________________hishometownforthreeyears.瞬間動詞和持續(xù)動詞的練習判斷正誤：TorF1.

Annhasbecomeateacherfor4years.2.

MariahasborrowedtheCDfrommeforaoveraweek.3.

Jeffhaslefthomesincehewas19yeasold.4.

Normanhasputthemachinerightforafewhours.5.

Thestudentshavefinishedthehomeworkforawhile.6.

Thefrontdoorhasbeenopenfor8hoursalready.7.

Themeetinghaslastedfortwohoursandahalf.八、現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結果，強調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況，所以它不能和過去具體的時間連用,而過去時可以.一般過去時常和過去時間短語連用。1.

He____________(work)inourschoolforoneyear.2.

He______(come)toourschoollastyear/in2002.3.

They_______________(cook)thesupperalready.4.

They___________(cook)thesupperhalfanhourago.延續(xù)性動詞和瞬間性動詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)化1.Hedied10yearsago.He______________for10years/since10yearsago.2.Heborrowedthebook2weeksago.He_____________thebookfor2weeks.3.Heboughtthemotorbikeamonthago.He___________themotorbikeforamonth.4.Hearrivedherethreedaysago.He____________heresincethreedaysago.6.Helefthere2yearsago.He____________fromherefor2years.7.Thefilmbegan30minutesago.Thefilm__________for30minutes.9.Theyclosedthedooranhourago.Thedoor___________foranhour.10.Hejoinedthearmylastyear.He_____________thearmyforayear.一、單項選擇。1、—______you___yourhomeworkyet?—Yes.I_____itA.Did;do;finishedB.Have;done;finishedC.Have;done;havefinishedD.will;do;finish2、Hisfather______thePartysince1978.A.joinedB.hasjoinedC.wasinD.hasbeenin3、—Doyouknowhimwell?—Sure.We_________friendssincetenyearsago.A.wereB.havebeenC.havebecomeD.havemade4、.Whenhearrivedatthebusstop,thebus_____for20minutes.A.hasleftB.hadleftC.hasbeenawayD.hadbeenaway5、I______theLeaguefor5yearssofar.A.joinedB.havejoinedC.havebeenin6、Thefactory____sincetheFebruaryof1988.A.hasbeenopenB.hasopenedC.wasopenD.opened7、MaryandRose____friendssincetheymetin2000.A.havemadeB.havebeenC.madeD.havebecome8、Themeeting_____foraweeknow.A.hasfinishedB.hasendedC.hasbeenover9、MissGao______thisschoolfornearly5years.

A.hasbeeninB.hascometoC.hastaught10、Howlong_______he________?A.did;diedB.has,diedC.has,beendead11、He______ateightyesterdayafternoon.A.sleptB.wassleepingC.hassleepD.hadslept12、He________thecarforaweek.A.boughtB.hasboughtC.hashad13、Howlong_____you_____ill?Twoweeks.A.didfallB.have,fellC.have,been14、I'lllendyouthebook,butyoucanonly_____itfor2days.A.borrowB.keepC.take15、HowlongcanI______thebook?Twoweeks.A.borrowB.lendC.getD.keep16、Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyear.Ａ.iswritingＢ.waswritingＣ.wroteＤ.haswritten17、HaveyoumetMr.Li____？Ａ.JustＢ.agoＣ.beforeＤ.amomentago

18、—Howlonghaveyou____here?—Abouttwomonths.Ａ.beenＢ.goneＣ.comeＤ.arrived19、—Ourcountry____alotsofar.

—Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.Ａ.haschanged;wellＢ.changed;goodＣ.haschanged;betterＤ.changed;better20、—______you___yourhomeworkyet?—Yes.I_____itamomentago.Ａ.Did;do;finishedＢ.Have;done;finishedＣ.Have;done;havefinishedＤ.will;do;finish21、We______XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.Ａ.knowＢ.hadknownＣ.haveknownＤ.knew22、HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I_____twice.Ａ.willseeＢ.haveseenＣ.sawＤ.see23、—ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.—Really?When_____there?Ａ.willtheygoＢ.didtheygoＣ.dotheygoＤ.havetheygone

24、ZhouLang______already______inthisschoolfortwoyears.Ａ.was;studyingＢ.will;studyＣ.has;studiedＤ.are;studying25、Hisfather______thePartysince1998.Ａ.joinedＢ.hasjoinedＣ.wasinＤ.hasbeenin26、—Doyouknowhimwell?—Sure.We______friendssincetenyearsago.Ａ.wereＢ.havebeenＣ.havebecomeＤ.havemade27、Hehas___beentoShanghai,hashe?Ａ.alreadyＢ.neverＣ.everＤ.still28、Hurryup!Theplay__________fortenminutes.Ａ.hasbegunＢ.hadbegunＣ.hasbeenonＤ.began29、It___tenyearssinceheleftthearmy.

Ａ.IsＢ.hasbeenＣ.willＤ.was30、MissGreenisn'tintheoffice.She_______tothelibrary.Ａ.hasgoneＢ.wentＣ.willgoＤ.hasbeen31、Myparents______Shandongfortenyears.Ａ.havebeeninＢ.havebeentoＣ.havegonetoＤ.havebeen32、Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom,____?

A.sotheyB.don’ttheyC.havetheyD.haven’tthey33、_______hasMr.WhitebeenamemberofGreenerChinasincehe_______toChina?A.Howsoon,comesB.Howoften,gotC.Howlong,cameD.Howfar,arrived34、Hisuncle_______formorethan9years.

A.hascomehereB.hasstartedtoworkC.haslivedthereD.haslefttheuniversity作業(yè)1.

You’veneverseensuchawonderfulfilmbefore,_______?Ahaven’tyouBhaveyouCdoyouDdon’tyou2.--AnnhasgonetoShanghai.So________herparents.A.doB.doesC.hasD.have3.–Ihavewatchedthegame.--When____you____it?AhavewatchedBdowatchCdidwatchDwillwatch4.Mr.Green____inChinasincefiveyearsago.AlivedBhaslivedClivesDisgoingtolive5.Hisgrandma______fortwoyears.AdiedBhasbeendeadCwasdeadDhasdied6.–WhereisHanMeinow?She____toShanghai.Shewillbebackintwodays.AhasgoneBhasbeenCgoesDhadgone7._____totheUnitedStated?No,never,butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsago.A.DidyougoB.DoyougoC.HaveyoubeenD.Haveyougone8.Youhaven’tchangedyourmind,_______?AdoyouBareyouChaveyouDdidyou現(xiàn)在完成時練習(一)A)選用have,has填空:1.I_______toldhimthenews.2.She________comebackfromschool.3.You________wonthegame.B)按要求改寫下列各句:4.Theyhaveboughtacomputer.(改成否定句)_________________________________________5.Hehaslosthisbook.(先改成一般疑問句,再作肯定與否定回答)_________________________________________C)單項選擇6.-Wherehaveyou_____,Kate?-I've______tothebank.A.gone,goneB.been,beenC.gone,beenD.been,gone7.Hergrandfather______fortwoyears.A.diedB.hasdiedC.hasbeendeadD.hasbeendied8.It'ssixweeks______Imetyoulasttime.A.whenB.sinceC.beforeD.for9.TomandJackhavearrivedatWestHillFarmalready.選出與畫線部分相同意思的選項_________A.havegotB.havegonetoC.havebeentoD.havereached現(xiàn)在完成時練習（二）一、單項選擇。1、Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey_________what'shappenedtohim.（呼和浩特）Ａ.knewＢ.haveknownＣ.mustknowＤ.willknow2、Hehas_______beentoShanghai,hashe?Ａ.alreadyＢ.neverＣ.everＤ.still3、HaveyoumetMr.Li______？Ａ.justＢ.agoＣ.beforeＤ.amomentago4、Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyears.Ａ.iswritingＢ.waswritingＣ.wroteＤ.haswritten5、—Ourcountry______alotsofar.—Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.Ａ.haschanged;wellＢ.changed;goodＣ.haschanged;betterＤ.changed;better6、ZhaoLan______already______inthisschoolfortwoyears.Ａ.was;studyingＢ.will;studyＣ.has;studiedＤ.are;studying7、We______XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.Ａ.knowＢ.hadknownＣ.