2021新高考英語人教版一輪復習學案第一編必修3Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld

Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld晨背分鐘填詞并背記AnInterestingFestivalTheAgriculturalFeasttakesplaceaftertheIndependenceDay.Itisnotaworldwidecelebration.OnlyChristiansinMexicolookforwardtoitsarrivalforitsreligiousorigin：Longago,humans'ancestorswerebad.Theyfooledandplayedtricksoneachotherandneverkepttheirword.SoGodturnedupanddrownedalltheircrops.Humansstarveddayandnight,weeping.InordertogainGod'sforgiveness,awomanpoetsetofftoseeGod.SheadmiredGodandkeptapologizing.Godwasmoved.Withhispermission,humansfinallyhadgoodharvestsagain.So,towipesadnessandremindthemselvesofthebeliefinGod,peoplebeganthefestival.Onthefestival,peoplegatherinopenair,suchasplaygroundsorparkinglots,andenergeticallyhavefunwitheachotherallnightlong,asthoughtheywerenevertired.Whenabeautydressedupinlovelyclothingreadspoemsinmemoryofthepoet,everyoneholdstheirbreath.Then,itisthecustomthattheboneofaroosterheadisgiventoherasanaward.Obviously,thestoryisnottrue,butthefestivalisinteresting.一個有趣的節(jié)日農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)在獨立日后舉行。它不是一個世界性的慶典，由于它的宗教起源，只有墨西哥的基督徒才盼著節(jié)日的到來：很久以前，人類的祖先很壞，他們互相欺騙，耍詭計，從不遵守諾言。于是，上帝出現(xiàn)了，淹死了他們所有的作物。人們?nèi)找拱ゐI，哭泣著。為了獲得上帝的原諒，一位女詩人出發(fā)去見上帝。她對上帝的贊美和懷有的歉意感動了上帝。有了他的允許，人類終于又獲得了豐收。因此，為了抹去憂傷并提醒自己對上帝的信仰，人們開始舉辦這個節(jié)日。在節(jié)日那天，人們聚集在露天場所，例如操場或停車場，通宵達旦地玩得非常開心，精力充沛的人們似乎不知疲倦。當一位用可愛的衣服盛裝打扮的美女朗讀詩歌以紀念那位詩人時，在場的每個人都屏住了呼吸。然后，按照風俗，將獎勵給她一只公雞的頭骨。很明顯，這個故事不是真的，但是節(jié)日卻很有趣。1．beauty(n.)美；美人→beautiful(adj.)美麗的；漂亮的→beautify(vt.)美化；使更美麗2．celebration(n.)慶祝；祝賀→celebrate(vt.&vi.)慶祝；祝賀3．starve(vi.&vt.)(使)餓死→starvation(n.)餓死；挨餓4．origin(n.)起源；由來；起因→original(adj.)原來的；獨創(chuàng)的→originate(v.)起源于；產(chǎn)生5．religious(adj.)宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔誠的→religion(n.)宗教(信仰)6．a(chǎn)rrival(n.)到來；到達；到達者→arrive(vi.)到達；成功7．independence(n.)獨立；自主→independent(adj.)獨立的；自主的→depend(vi.)依賴；依靠8．gather(vt.&vi.)(使)聚集→gathering(n.)聚集；聚會；集會9．a(chǎn)griculture(n.)農(nóng)業(yè)；農(nóng)藝；農(nóng)學→agricultural(adj.)農(nóng)業(yè)的；農(nóng)藝的10．energetic(adj.)充滿活力的；精力充沛的；積極的→energy(n.)精力；能量11．custom(n.)習慣；風俗→customer(n.)顧客→customs(n.)海關(guān)12．sadness(n.)悲傷；悲哀→sad(adj.)悲哀的；難過的重點知識分鐘awardn.[C]獎；獎品vt.授予；判定(P2)一句多譯因挽救那位女士的生命而得到了政府授予的獎品，男孩感到很自豪。①Theboyforhissavingthewoman'slifeandfeltveryproud.(awardn．)②Theboyforhissavingthewoman'slifeandfeltveryproud.(awardvt.)③forhissavingthewoman'slife,theboyfeltveryproud.(分詞作原因狀語)答案：①receivedanawardfromthegovernment②wasawardedbythegovernment③Awardedbythegovernment(1)win/receive/getanawardfor因……而贏得/得到/獲得獎項(2)awardsth.tosb.＝awardsb.sth.把某物頒發(fā)給某人[名師點津]動詞award后接雙賓語，而動詞reward“獎賞，給……報酬”不能接雙賓語，reward常用以下搭配：rewardsb.forsth.因……獎賞某人rewardsb.withsth.用某物酬勞某人admirevt.贊美；欽佩；羨慕(P2)(1)單句語法填空①Whatis(admire)isthatheisblessedwithahappyfamily.②Sheisfullof(admire)fortheteachers.③Shewasusedtoreceiving(admire)looksfromothers.答案：①admirable②admiration③admiring(2)單句寫作①我們敬佩她為人類事業(yè)的獻身精神。herdedicationtothecauseofhumanity.②那個富有創(chuàng)意的作品使他備受別人羨慕和贊賞。Thecreativeworkmadeotherslookathimandappreciation.答案：①Weadmire②inadmiration(1)admiresb.forsth.因某事而羨慕/欽佩某人(2)admirationn.[U]贊美；贊賞；欽佩inadmiration羨慕地；欽佩地admirableadj.令人欽佩的；值得贊美的；絕妙的；極好的admiringadj.欽佩的；贊美的permissionn.允許；許可(P5)單句語法填空①Thepartywillbeheldinthegarden,weather(permit)．②Withherparents'(permit),shejoinedtheboxingclub.③Anyoneisnotpermitted(leave)theofficebeforethemeetingisover.答案：①permitting②permission③toleave(1)askforpermission請求許可withoutpermission未經(jīng)允許/許可givesb.permissiontodosth.允許某人做某事(2)permitvt.允許；許可n.許可；執(zhí)照；許可證permitsb.todosth.允許某人做某事permitdoingsth.允許做某事apologizevi.道歉；辯白(P7)(1)單句語法填空①Themanapologizedtomesteppingonmyfoot.②Pleaseacceptourapologytheinconveniencethismatterhasgivenyou.③Theyoungmanmadeanapologytheladyforspillingcoffeeonherdress.答案：①for②for③to(2)單句寫作我應(yīng)為星期五下午不能和你一起去書店向你道歉。IforthefactthatIcannotgotothebookstorewithyouonFridayafternoon.答案：oweyouanapology(1)apologizetosb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉(2)apologyn.道歉；辯白makeanapologytosb.forsth.因某事向某人道歉accept/refuseone'sapology接受/拒絕某人的道歉owesb.anapology應(yīng)向某人道歉remindvt.提醒；使想起(P7)單句語法填空①MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimself(remind)ofhisowndreams.②Pleaseremindme(write)ane-mailtomymothertomorrow,forit'sherbirthday.③Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeoplekillingsandweretooviolentforuseatthetable.答案：①reminded②towrite③of(1)remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事remindsb.(that)...提醒某人……keepsb.remindedofsth.使某人想起某事；提醒某人某事(2)remindern.引起回憶的人/事物inmemoryof紀念；追念(P2)選詞填空(intermsof/inchargeof/infavorof/inhonourof)①Theybuiltamonumentthosewhodiedinthegreatearthquake.②IamSusan'sopinionaboutwhatbestfriendsare.③Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatstudentsshouldbeevaluatedoverallquality.④CouldIspeaktowhoeverisInternationalSalesplease?答案：①inhonourof②infavorof③intermsof④inchargeof常見的“in＋n.＋of”短語：inhonourof為了紀念……；向……表示敬意inpraiseof贊揚；表揚infavorof贊同；支持inchargeof負責inneedof需要insearchof尋找inpossessionof擁有inplaceof代替intermsof就……而言；在……方面lookforwardto期望；期待；盼望(P2)(1)單句語法填空ThanksforyourkindconsiderationandIlookforwardto(receive)yourearliestreply.答案：receiving(2)單句寫作①事實上，他反對被當作小孩子似的對待。Asamatteroffact,hebeingtreatedlikeachild.②到了你該開始批改試卷的時候了。Itistimeyoumarkingthepapers.答案：①objectsto②shouldget/gotdowntolookforwardto表示“盼望；期待”，該結(jié)構(gòu)中to為介詞，故其后接名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。含介詞to的常用動詞短語有：be/getusedto習慣于stickto堅持leadto導致objectto反對contributeto促成；有助于getdownto開始著手……payattentionto注意turnup出現(xiàn)；露面；被找到；開大(音量)；向上翻(P7)(1)寫出下列句中turnup的含義①Weinvitedhertodinnerbutshedidn'tevenbothertoturnup.②Ican'thearthemusic.Pleaseturnthevolumeup.③I'msureyourwatchwillturnuponeday.④Heturneduphiscoatcollaragainstthechillwind.答案：①露面；出現(xiàn)②開大；調(diào)高(音量等)③(被)找到；(被)發(fā)現(xiàn)④豎起(2)用turn相關(guān)短語的適當形式填空①Mywalletwastothepolicetwodaysafteritwasstolen.②Tomlookedupsetbecausehehadhisproposalagain.③Ioftenmyclassmatesorteachersforhelp.Asaresult,Ihavemadesteadyprogressinmystudies.答案：①turnedin②turneddown③turntokeepone'sword守信用；履行諾言(P7)單句寫作①我答應(yīng)給兒子買輛自行車，我必須守信。Ipromisedtobuymysonabike.Imust.②我想要和那個人私下談一談。IthinkIwillthemaninprivate.③總之，你喜歡哪種途徑取決于你自己的便利或愛好。，whetheryouchooseonewayoranotherisjustbasedonyourconvenienceorpreference.答案：①keepmyword②haveawordwith③Inawordinotherwords換句話說inaword總之breakone'sword失信；食言inwords用語言getawordin插嘴haveawordwithsb.和某人談?wù)刪avewordswithsb.與某人吵架[名師點津]keep/breakone'sword中word總是用單數(shù)形式，意為“諾言；保證”；word當“消息”講時，是不可數(shù)名詞。setoff出發(fā)；動身；使爆炸；引起；激起某人的某種情感(P7)用set相關(guān)短語的適當形式填空①Wetopaintthewholehousebutfinishedonlythefrontpartthatday.②ForalltheseyearsIhavebeenworkingforothers.I'mhopingI'llmyownbusinesssomeday.③Hehelpinghomelesswomenandchildrentosafeplaces.④Agreatmanyboyswerefireworksinthestreet.⑤Hetriedtoafewminuteseachdayforhisexercise.答案：①setout②setup③setabout④settingoff⑤setasidesetaside留出，省出(錢或時間)；把……放到一旁setout出發(fā)；闡明setout/offfor出發(fā)去；動身去……setsail起航setdown寫下；記下setouttodosth.＝setaboutdoingsth.著手(開始)做某事besetin以……為背景setup建立；成立(組織或機構(gòu)等)setfootin踏進；進入setfireto縱火燒……Atthattimepeoplewouldstarveiffoodwasdifficulttofind...(P1)單句寫作①這個老板很難相處。Thebossishard.②這個小寶寶可不好照顧。Thebabyisnoteasy.③油總是浮在水上。Oilwater.④有時他在那里一坐幾個鐘頭，什么也不做。Sometimes,heforhours,nothing.答案：①togetalong/onwith②tolookafter③willfloaton④wouldsitthere;doing(1)(2)“主語＋be＋形容詞＋動詞不定式”是一個固定句型。該句型中常用的形容詞有difficult,easy,hard,heavy,pleasant,fortable,interesting,expensive等；用動詞不定式的主動形式表示被動意義。若動詞是一個不及物動詞，要加上合適的介詞。ItwasobviousthatthemanagerofthecoffeeshopwaswaitingforLiFangtoleave...(P7)單句寫作①顯然，時間對每個人都很重要。所以要充分利用！thattimeisvaluableforeveryindividual.Somakethebestofit!②我好像覺得多閱讀對你來說是個好主意。Itseemstomethatyoudomorereading.③此外，建議參加各種課外活動，對你也有益處。Inaddition,youparticipateinavarietyofafter-classactivities,whichwillalsobenefityou.答案：①Itisobvious②itisagoodideathat③it'ssuggestedthatItis/wasobviousthat...中it作形式主語，后面的that從句才是真正的主語。此處it沒有具體意義，而只是幫助把真正的主語移至句子末尾，使句子顯得平衡。常見的句式有：(1)Itbe＋形容詞(obvious,true,possible,strange,natural,important...)＋that從句(2)Itbe＋過去分詞(said,thought,hoped,believed,supposed,reported...)＋that從句(3)It＋不及物動詞(seem,occur,happen...)＋that從句(4)Itbe＋名詞短語(agoodidea,apity,afact,awonder,anhonour,nowonder...)＋that從句課文語法填空分鐘Therearemanykindsoffestivalsthroughouttheworld.Festivalsareheldtosatisfyandpleasetheancestors,tohonoursomefamouspeople1importantevents,andtoexpresspeople'sgratitudetotheGodforbringing2ayearofplenty.Forexample,JapaneseobserveObon,3peoplegotocleangravesandlightincense4memoryoftheirancestors.InIndia,October2isanationalfestival5(honour)MohandasGandhi,whohelpedIndiabeean6(depend)country.AndinChinatheSpringFestival,7iscelebratedinJanuaryorFebruary,is8mostenergeticandimportantfestivalbecauseitisafestivalthat9(look)forwardtotheingofspring.Whyareallthesefestivalsevery－where?Becauseduringthefestivals,peoplecangettogethertoeat,drinkandhavefunwitheachother,10(forget)allthedailystrugglesanddemandsforawhile.1．2.3.4.5.6．7.8.9.10.答案：1.or2.them3.when4.in5.tohonour6.independent7．which8.the9.looks10.forgetting▲限制性與非限制性定語從句的兩個重要知識點：(1)大多數(shù)情況下限制性和非限制性定語從句的先行詞為某一個詞或短語，而特殊情況下非限制性定語從句的先行詞也可為整個句子，此時常由which引導；(2)that不可引導非限制性定語從句，但需要注意糾正一個誤區(qū)，不是只有which才能引導非限制性定語從句，who，whom,whose,when,where,as均可引導。▲作狀語或定語時非謂語動詞形式判斷方法：(1)一般而言，作定語時，判斷其前的名詞與所給動詞的關(guān)系；作狀語時，判斷所給動詞與句子主語的關(guān)系；(2)注意積累特殊情況，如informed作定語，judgingby作狀語的特殊用法。隨堂檢測分鐘Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Keepinmindthat(forgive)doesnotnecessarilymeanbeingfriendsagainwiththepersonwhoupsetyou.答案：forgiveness2．HecametoChinainordertolearnChinese(agriculture)skills.答案：agricultural3．Inmyhometown,thereisatraditionthatwewillholda(celebrate)partywhenweenterahigherschool.答案：celebration4．Thievesbrokeintothebuildinginthemistaken(believe)thattherewasexpensiveequipmentinside.答案：belief5．Ifindthatdoingphysicalexerciseacoupleoftimesaweekmakesmefeelmore(energy)．答案：energetic6．Thisnationwidesmogshouldserveasa(remind)toall,indicatingahightimethatwereflectedonwhatwe'vedonetotheenvironment.答案：reminder7．ThepassengermadeapologytoAngiebecausehespokeloudlyonhisphone.答案：an8．TheNobelPrize(award)tothosewhomakegreatcontributionsinmanyfieldseveryyear.答案：isawarded9．Onhis(arrive)inBeijing,Petercalleduphisfriend,LiMing.答案：arrival10．GeorgeWashingtonledtheAmericancoloniesinthewarof(independent)againstEnglandfrom1775to1783.答案：independenceⅡ.教材微寫作A．根據(jù)提示完成句子1．春節(jié)總是讓我們想到家庭團聚。(remind)答案：TheSpringFestivalalwaysremindsusofthefamilyreunion.2．在春節(jié)有各種各樣的活動。(therebe)答案：ThereareallkindsofactivitiesduringtheSpringFestival.3．孩子們特別盼望春節(jié)。(lookforwardto)答案：ChildrenespeciallylookforwardtotheSpringFestival.4．對成年人來說，這也是一個美好的時光。(It'sagoodtime...)答案：It'salsoagoodtimeforadults.5．他們可以相互表達感激、道歉或?qū)捤≈椤?appreciation;apology;forgive)答案：Theycanexpressappreciation,makeanapologyorforgiveeachother.6．遺憾的是有些人由于各種原因，不能出現(xiàn)在這個重大的節(jié)日里。(Itisapitythat...;turnup