新高考新教材廣西專版2024屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪總復(fù)習(xí)專題四語(yǔ)篇填空課件

第二部分專題四語(yǔ)篇填空英語(yǔ)內(nèi)容索引No.1考情透析?明晰語(yǔ)篇填空考什么No.2讀文總策略?破解語(yǔ)篇填空3步法No.3題型微技法?突破語(yǔ)篇填空9大類型No.4真題實(shí)戰(zhàn)?經(jīng)典對(duì)練拿高分No.1考情透析?明晰語(yǔ)篇填空考什么高考命題透析卷名有提示詞無(wú)提示詞

謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞詞類轉(zhuǎn)換名詞代詞比較等級(jí)冠詞介詞連詞與從句固定搭配2023新高考Ⅰ卷0420101110新高考Ⅱ卷1131001120全國(guó)乙卷2311000120全國(guó)甲卷1320000121卷名有提示詞無(wú)提示詞

謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞詞類轉(zhuǎn)換名詞代詞比較等級(jí)冠詞介詞連詞與從句固定搭配2022新高考Ⅰ卷2211001120全國(guó)乙卷1310111110全國(guó)甲卷1320011110卷名有提示詞無(wú)提示詞

謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞詞類轉(zhuǎn)換名詞代詞比較等級(jí)冠詞介詞連詞與從句固定搭配2021新高考Ⅰ卷1121111020浙江卷3110111110全國(guó)乙卷0321101200全國(guó)甲卷2211011110命題專家談高考1.體裁與選材一般為200詞左右的說(shuō)明文或記敘文,注重思想性和時(shí)代性,以及核心素養(yǎng)的培養(yǎng)。2.設(shè)題特點(diǎn)考查語(yǔ)法、詞匯和語(yǔ)用知識(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)篇分析能力,突顯語(yǔ)境化特征。3.考點(diǎn)設(shè)置有提示詞的填空題一般為7個(gè),包括詞類轉(zhuǎn)換、名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等;無(wú)提示詞的填空題一般為3個(gè),通常包括冠詞、介詞和連詞等。解題策略指導(dǎo)No.2讀文總策略?破解語(yǔ)篇填空3步法語(yǔ)篇填空題著重從句子和語(yǔ)篇兩個(gè)層面,考查考生在閱讀理解的基礎(chǔ)上運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法、詞匯與語(yǔ)篇知識(shí),對(duì)語(yǔ)言的結(jié)構(gòu)形式、意義呈現(xiàn)與功能表達(dá)等的綜合運(yùn)用能力,對(duì)考生分析句子特征、理解語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)、把握語(yǔ)篇主題與話題以及熟練使用語(yǔ)法知識(shí)等方面的能力要求比較高。語(yǔ)篇填空題的測(cè)試點(diǎn)包括詞法、句子關(guān)系以及在具體情境中如何確保語(yǔ)義連貫的篇章知識(shí)等。下面通過(guò)分析全國(guó)高考真題,為大家總結(jié)出語(yǔ)篇填空的解題3步法:完形—定性—順意?！镜淅∽C】(2021·全國(guó)甲卷)TheXi’anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina’slonghistory.It

61

(build)originallytoprotectthecity

62

theTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修復(fù)).Itispossible

63

(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.

WeaccessedthewallthroughtheSouthGate.Thewallis12metershighandfromhereyoucanseestreamsofpeoplemovinginsideandoutsidetheCityWall.After

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(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat

65

(good)thantorideonapieceofhistory!

We

66

(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshaky

67

didthejob.Ittookusabout3hourstogoall

68

wayaroundtheXi’anCityWall.Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand

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(watchtower)totakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir

70

(day)routines.

語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀本文介紹了西安城墻的歷史、景觀及作者游玩西安城墻的體驗(yàn)。解題流程第一步:完形——解決詞形轉(zhuǎn)換問(wèn)題完形指通過(guò)判斷所給提示詞在句中所做的成分及其詞性后,完成詞形的轉(zhuǎn)換。分析:

61.was

built

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)It

指代The

Xi’an

City

Wall,

與build是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,

故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);

根據(jù)下文的the

Tang

dynasty可知,

此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填was

built。63.to

walk

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。it

is

possible

to

do

sth為固定搭配,

意為

“做某事是可能的”。故填to

walk。64.spending

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。在介詞After后用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,

spend與其邏輯主語(yǔ)we之間是主謂關(guān)系,

故填spending。65.better

考查形容詞比較級(jí)。根據(jù)空格后的than可知,

這里用比較級(jí)形式。66.hired

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)下文的

“My

bike

was

old

and

shaky...”

中的時(shí)態(tài)可知,

此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。69.watchtowers

考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。watchtower表示

“瞭望塔”,

是可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)空格前的different

gates

and可知,

此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。70.daily

考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換?？崭裉幵诿~routines前做定語(yǔ),

應(yīng)用形容詞,

daily

routines在此處表示“日常生活”。第二步:定性——解決無(wú)提示詞填空問(wèn)題定性即根據(jù)設(shè)題的類型來(lái)決定設(shè)空處的詞性。分析:

62.in

考查介詞。表示

“在某個(gè)朝代”

用介詞in。67.but

考查連詞。My

bike

was

old

and

shaky與did

the

job是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故填but。68.the

考查冠詞。此處表示沿著西安城墻走完全程花費(fèi)了三個(gè)小時(shí),

應(yīng)用短語(yǔ)all

the

way,

意為

“一直;

自始至終”。第三步:順意——根據(jù)語(yǔ)意驗(yàn)證答案通過(guò)對(duì)設(shè)空的位置、詞性及成分的分析填出答案后,還需要最后一步——順意。也就是說(shuō),理解設(shè)空處所在句子的意思尤為關(guān)鍵,這也是對(duì)此題的最后一個(gè)檢查過(guò)程。分析:

67.本題必須認(rèn)真分析句意才能順利解題。此句的難點(diǎn)是理解old

and

shaky和did

the

job在語(yǔ)境中的含義。結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境可知,

設(shè)空處前后兩部分之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,

這是解答本題的關(guān)鍵。No.3題型微技法?突破語(yǔ)篇填空9大類型考點(diǎn)一有提示詞類型1提示詞為動(dòng)詞◆考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

解題思路分析句子成分,看看句子中是否已經(jīng)有了謂語(yǔ),或者雖然已經(jīng)有了謂語(yǔ),但要填的動(dòng)詞是否與之為并列關(guān)系,從而確定空格處是否做謂語(yǔ)。確定空格處做謂語(yǔ)后,就要考慮時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、主謂一致或者虛擬語(yǔ)氣,然后確定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式。典例印證1(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)...TheGPNP

60

(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,andleavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(資產(chǎn))forfuturegenerations”...

剖析:

分析句子成分可知,設(shè)空處在句中做謂語(yǔ)。此處客觀介紹這個(gè)國(guó)家公園設(shè)計(jì)的目的,所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);design與主語(yǔ)之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填isdesigned。典例印證2(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)...Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan’thelpwonderinghowhardit

61

(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace...

剖析:

分析句子成分可知,設(shè)空處在從句中做謂語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句中的then可知,此處應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。由于主語(yǔ)為it,因此設(shè)空處應(yīng)填was?！艨疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

解題思路分析句子成分,如果句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,設(shè)空處又不做并列謂語(yǔ),那么要填的動(dòng)詞通常是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,此時(shí)需進(jìn)一步確定要填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的哪種形式。①做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),通常用動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示習(xí)慣或一般情況,用動(dòng)詞不定式表示具體情況。②做目的狀語(yǔ)或用在形容詞后做狀語(yǔ)一般用動(dòng)詞不定式。③做伴隨狀語(yǔ)時(shí),通常用動(dòng)詞-ing形式或動(dòng)詞-ed形式,若與邏輯主語(yǔ)是主謂關(guān)系,就用動(dòng)詞-ing形式;若是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,就用動(dòng)詞-ed形式。典例印證1(2021·全國(guó)乙卷)...Actually,atrueeco-friendlytripmustmeetthefollowingprinciples:?Minimizetheimpactof

67

(visit)theplace.

...剖析:

所給的提示詞是動(dòng)詞,且位于介詞之后,應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式,故填visiting。典例印證2(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)...ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e-4

66

(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin...

剖析:

分析句子成分可知,句中已經(jīng)有了謂語(yǔ)hope,因此這里要填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,又因?yàn)樵O(shè)空處在句中做目的狀語(yǔ),故用不定式tofind。典例印證3(2020·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)...Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes

65

(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.

...剖析:

分析句子成分可知,此處為

“see+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu),decorate與them之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,所以用動(dòng)詞-ed形式?！艨疾榕缮~

解題思路分析句子成分,如果設(shè)空處既不是考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也不是考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,而是考查所給詞的派生詞,此時(shí)要結(jié)合設(shè)空處前后的修飾詞來(lái)確定所給提示詞應(yīng)派生為哪種詞性。一般考查動(dòng)詞派生為名詞,有時(shí)還需考慮動(dòng)詞派生為形容詞。典例印證1(2021·全國(guó)乙卷)...andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe

62

(develop)ofthelocalareas.

...剖析:

根據(jù)設(shè)空處前面的the與后面的介詞of可知,此處應(yīng)填名詞,develop的名詞形式為development。典例印證2(2020·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)ChineseNewYearisa

61

(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring...

剖析:

根據(jù)設(shè)空處前面的不定冠詞a可知,此處應(yīng)用名詞celebration?！緦?duì)點(diǎn)微練習(xí)】A(2021·山東新高考質(zhì)量測(cè)評(píng)聯(lián)盟4月聯(lián)考)...Li

Bai,aclassicproductionbytheChinaNationalOperaandDanceDramaTheatre,

37

(touch)achordwithglobalaudiencesthroughthetellingofalifelongjourneyoftheliterarygiantLiBaisofar...

答案

hastouched

解析

分析句子成分可知,

設(shè)空處做謂語(yǔ);

根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)so

far可知,

此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);

主語(yǔ)為L(zhǎng)i

Bai,

因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填has

touched。B(2022·全國(guó)甲卷)Now,CaohasstartedthesecondpartofhisdreamtowalkalongtheBeltandRoadroute.Heflew4,700kilometresfromXi’antoKashgaronSept.20,

70

(plan)tohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.

答案

planning解析

分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,所填的詞要用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。plan與主語(yǔ)He為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,所以用動(dòng)詞-ing形式做伴隨狀語(yǔ)。C(2021·湖北黃岡4月調(diào)研)...Tobeginwith,humanbeingsare

60

(forget)beings;therefore,onlywhenweuseknowledge,makemistakes,andtrytouseitagainwillwebeabletorememberitbyheart...

答案

forgetful

解析

根據(jù)設(shè)空處后的名詞beings可知,

此處應(yīng)用形容詞forgetful做定語(yǔ)。故填forgetful。類型2提示詞為名詞解題思路所給提示詞為名詞時(shí),通常考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,也可能考查名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為形容詞或者動(dòng)詞等。典例印證1(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)...Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywe

57

(human)are.

...剖析:

分析句子成分可知,設(shè)空處做we的同位語(yǔ),因此要用復(fù)數(shù)形式humans。典例印證2(2020·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)...BranchesofPlumBlossoms(梅花):The

69

(beauty)longbranchescoveredwithpink-coloredbuds(蓓蕾)makefantasticdecorations...

剖析:

根據(jù)設(shè)空處后面的longbranches可知,此處應(yīng)用形容詞修飾名詞。故填beautiful?！緦?duì)點(diǎn)微練習(xí)】A(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate

62

(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,andeventuallyachieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.

答案

populations解析

根據(jù)前面的separate可知,此處用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故用populations。B(2021·江蘇南京、鹽城高三下學(xué)期第一次模擬)...Thegapbetweenputtingoutoldfireandburningthewoodtoobtainnewfirewouldbethree,five,orsevendaysaccordingtodifferent

62

(history)records.

...答案

historical

解析

分析句子成分可知,

設(shè)空處修飾后面的名詞records,

應(yīng)用形容詞,

所以此處應(yīng)填historical。注意:

historic

“歷史上著名(重要)的”,

在此處不符合語(yǔ)境,

故只能用historical,

表示

“(有關(guān))歷史的”。類型3提示詞為代詞解題思路一般考查人稱代詞變?yōu)槲镏鞔~、反身代詞,主格變?yōu)橘e格,或者單數(shù)變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。典例印證1(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)...Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroad“willneverdisappear”,anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor’smemory.Itsuredoesin

64

(I)...

剖析:根據(jù)上句中的inthevisitor’smemory可知,此處表示

“在我的記憶中”,應(yīng)用名詞性物主代詞。故填mine。典例印證2(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)...Dataaboutthemoon’scomposition,suchashowmuchiceandothertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhether

70

(it)plansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.

剖析:

根據(jù)設(shè)空處后面的名詞plans可知,此處應(yīng)使用形容詞性物主代詞。

故填its?！緦?duì)點(diǎn)微練習(xí)】A(2021·山東濟(jì)南高三模擬考試)...Astheoperaticartsdeveloped,performersgraduallytookofftheirmasksandpaintedcolourfulpatternsontheirfacesinstead,sopeoplecouldbettersee

38

(they)facialexpressions.

...答案

their

解析

分析句子成分可知,

設(shè)空處修飾后面的名詞短語(yǔ)facial

expressions,

應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞。故填their。B(2022·全國(guó)乙卷)TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremony,opening

70

(it)firstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu’erTea.

答案

its解析

空后是名詞短語(yǔ)first

exhibition,故需要用形容詞性物主代詞修飾。類型4提示詞為形容詞和副詞解題思路當(dāng)提示詞為形容詞時(shí),通?？紤]轉(zhuǎn)換為副詞、比較級(jí)或者最高級(jí)。當(dāng)提示詞為副詞時(shí),通常考查其比較級(jí)或者最高級(jí)形式。典例印證1(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)...Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.Itwill

58

(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed...

剖析:

分析句子成分可知,設(shè)空處在句中做狀語(yǔ),應(yīng)用副詞。故填undoubtedly。典例印證2(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)...Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,the

59

(hot)thespring...

剖析:

分析句子成分可知,此處為“the+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)。故填hotter。典例印證3(2020·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)...

66

(certain)duringtheholidayperiod,thisplantisamust...

剖析:

設(shè)空處位于句首,修飾整個(gè)句子,應(yīng)該用副詞。故填Certainly。典例印證4(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)...Onedaytheemperorwantedtogethisportrait(畫(huà)像)donesohecalledallgreatartiststocomeandpresenttheir

62

(fine)work,sothathecouldchoosethebest...

剖析:

根據(jù)設(shè)空處后面的sothathecouldchoosethebest可知,這里表示

“呈現(xiàn)出他們最好的作品”。故填finest。【對(duì)點(diǎn)微練習(xí)】A(2022·山東臨沂高三一模)...Afewyearsago,psychologistsattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,discoveredwhenwordsorphrasesarerepeatedafewtimes,theycanstarttosound

39

(much)likesingingthanspeaking...

答案

more解析

根據(jù)設(shè)空處后面的than可知,此處應(yīng)用形容詞的比較級(jí)。故填more。B(2022·全國(guó)乙卷)AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthelargesttea-producingcountry,Chinahasa

65

(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.

答案

responsibility解析

根據(jù)空前的冠詞a可知,空格處需要用名詞形式。have

a

responsibility

to

do

sth表示“有責(zé)任做某事”。類型1填冠詞考點(diǎn)二無(wú)提示詞解題思路如果空格后有名詞并且表示泛指或者特指含義,或者有序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)、表示特指意義的比較級(jí)等形式,此時(shí)該空格處要填寫(xiě)冠詞。固定搭配中的冠詞也是重要的考點(diǎn)。典例印證1(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)...Whileyou’reinChina,MountHuangshanis

65

musttovisit!

剖析:

must在這里是名詞且表示泛指,其前應(yīng)用不定冠詞a修飾。典例印證2(2020·浙江卷)...Then,with

64

riseofscience,changesbegan...

剖析:

withtheriseof意為“隨著……的崛起”,為固定搭配。故填the。典例印證3(2020·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)...Theplumtreesare

70

firsttoflowerevenasthesnowismelting(融化).Theyrepresentthepromiseofspringandarenewaloflife.

剖析:

設(shè)空處修飾后面的序數(shù)詞first,所以用定冠詞the修飾?！緦?duì)點(diǎn)微練習(xí)】A(2021·廣東佛山質(zhì)檢)...Thelanguagebarriercanbe

39

bigchallengeforforeigners.Thereareafewreasonsforthis...

答案a

解析

句意:

語(yǔ)言障礙對(duì)外國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)會(huì)是一個(gè)很大的挑戰(zhàn)。challenge在此處表示泛指,

且big是以輔音音素開(kāi)頭的詞。故填a。B(2022·全國(guó)甲卷)

64

friendofhis,WuFan,volunteeredtobehiscompanionduringthetrip.

答案

A解析

根據(jù)空格后的“friend

of

his”可知,此處指“他的一個(gè)朋友”,所以用不定冠詞,friend以輔音音素開(kāi)頭且空格位于句首,首字母大寫(xiě),故填A(yù)。類型2填介詞解題思路如果名詞或者代詞在句中不做主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或者動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ),其前一般填介詞。高考?？疾榻樵~與動(dòng)詞、形容詞或者名詞的搭配。做題時(shí)應(yīng)先根據(jù)上下文和句意推斷出設(shè)空處的具體意思,然后根據(jù)熟記的短語(yǔ)來(lái)確定要填的詞。典例印證1(2021·全國(guó)甲卷)...Itwasbuiltoriginallytoprotectthecity

62

theTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修復(fù))...

剖析:

句意為

“它最初是為了保護(hù)唐代的城市而建造的,現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完全修復(fù)了”。根據(jù)句意可知,表示

“在某個(gè)朝代”應(yīng)用介詞in。典例印證2(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)...Museumsmustcompete

45

people’ssparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements...

剖析:此處表示博物館必須與其他娛樂(lè)方式為人們的業(yè)余時(shí)間和金錢(qián)而競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。competefor...“為……而競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”。故填for?！緦?duì)點(diǎn)微練習(xí)】A(2022·全國(guó)乙卷)May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaDay,whichwasnamedofficially

61

theUnitedNationsonNovember27th,2019.

答案

by解析

此處be

named

by表示“由……命名”。根據(jù)前面的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)was

named可知,此處填介詞by表被動(dòng)。B(2021·山東濟(jì)南4月適應(yīng)性考試)...Thentheycameup

39

anideaofcreatingabriefsetoflessonsfromwhichkidsandadultscouldlearneasilytoprogramme.

...答案

with

解析

句意:

然后他們想出了一個(gè)主意,

創(chuàng)建一套簡(jiǎn)單的課程,

孩子和成年人可以輕松地從這套課程中學(xué)習(xí)編程。come

up

with意為

“想出;

想到”,

是固定短語(yǔ)。故填with。類型3填并列連詞解題思路分析句子成分,如果空格前后是兩個(gè)并列成分,例如兩個(gè)并列單詞、短語(yǔ)或者句子,而且這兩個(gè)成分之間為并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、選擇等關(guān)系,此時(shí)應(yīng)填并列連詞。典例印證1(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)...Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventure

62

offersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyourachinglegs.

...剖析:

分析句子成分可知,Though引導(dǎo)從句,后面是主句。主句中的highlights和offers并列做謂語(yǔ),因此要填并列連詞and。典例印證2(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)...Theykepttheircollectionathomeuntilitgottoobig

37

untiltheydied,andthenitwasgiventoamuseum...

剖析:

此處表示收藏家將收藏品放在家中,直到收藏品足夠豐富或者他們死后,收藏品會(huì)被捐贈(zèng)給博物館。故此處填并列連詞or,表示選擇?！緦?duì)點(diǎn)微練習(xí)】A(2023·廣東深圳高三第一次調(diào)研)ForGreekphotographerGeorgeDoupas,Beijingishomenow.Duringthepastdecade,hehasbeenphotographingthecity,capturingitsbeauty

36

sharingthesephotosonlineandinexhibitions.

答案

and解析

根據(jù)句意和空格后的sharing分析句子可知,

sharing和上文的photographing以及capturing是并列關(guān)系,

所以空格處應(yīng)該填入并列連詞and。故填and。B(2021·浙江杭州高三質(zhì)檢)...MrKurienfeltdownwiththelifeinhishouse

58

decidedtomoveintothisoldagehome...

答案

and

解析

分析句子成分可知,

空格前后是兩個(gè)并列成分;

根據(jù)句意可知,

Kurien先生對(duì)自己家里的生活感到沮喪,

決定搬到養(yǎng)老院。前后兩部分屬于并列關(guān)系,

故填and。類型4填從屬連詞或關(guān)系代/副詞解題思路如果設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)的是從句,首先應(yīng)分析句子成分,看看它引導(dǎo)哪一種從句,然后根據(jù)引導(dǎo)詞的種類和意義來(lái)確定填哪一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞。典例印證1(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)...

56

issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes...

剖析:

分析句子成分可知,本句中的

issobreathtakingabouttheexperience是一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句,這個(gè)從句中缺少主語(yǔ),故填what。

典例印證2(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)...The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,formedthecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum

39

openedin1759.

...剖析:

分析句子成分可知,theBritishMuseum后接的是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,從句缺少主語(yǔ),因此填關(guān)系代詞that或which。典例印證3(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)...

65

heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(傳奇的)artist,theysmiledandpointeddowntheriver...

剖析:

當(dāng)他問(wèn)漓江岸上的村民在哪里能找到這位傳奇的藝術(shù)家時(shí),他們微笑著指向河的下游。此處表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”,應(yīng)用When/As引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句?！緦?duì)點(diǎn)微練習(xí)】A(2021·山東煙臺(tái)一模)...“Sometimesitdoesn’tseemrealbecauseweareclosetoacityofeightmillionresidents

39

generatenoiseeveryday,”saidCamiloCantor,acaretakerinthepark,whosejobistomixwaterandsugarandputitinbirdfeedersalonga300-meterpath.“Theparkisatrulyspecialplace,likeanoasis(綠洲).Itisaplacewherepeoplecangotoeasestress,forgetabouttroublesandgetabreakfromthebusycitylife,”headded.

...答案

that/who

解析

空格處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞residents,

引導(dǎo)詞在從句中做主語(yǔ),

指人,

應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that或who引導(dǎo)。故填that/who。B(2023·廣西北海高三一模)TheseriestellsastoryaboutofficialsfromTianji

63

helpliftpeopleoutofpoverty.

答案

who/that解析

因?yàn)橄刃性~officials指人,

且關(guān)系詞在從句中做主語(yǔ),

故用關(guān)系代詞who或that。類型5填代詞解題思路it的用法是考查重點(diǎn)。語(yǔ)篇填空題主要考查it在固定句型中的用法以及it做形式主語(yǔ)和形式賓語(yǔ)的情況,有時(shí)也會(huì)考查人稱代詞。典例印證(2018·浙江卷)...ManywesternerswhocometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap

58

canbetoeatout...

剖析:

分析句子成分可知,句子真正的主語(yǔ)是toeatout,因此這里應(yīng)該填it做形式主語(yǔ)?！緦?duì)點(diǎn)微練習(xí)】A(2021·湖北六校聯(lián)考)...SamanthaAtheyattheUniversityofTorontopointsoutmicrofiberinvolvedischemicallytreated.

44

isbelievedthatwashingjeanslessoftencouldhelpreducethepollutioneffectively.

答案

It

解析

此處表示人們認(rèn)為少洗牛仔褲可以有效地減少污染,

應(yīng)用句型it

is

believed

that...,

it做形式主語(yǔ),

that從句為真正的主語(yǔ)。故填I(lǐng)t。B(2021·廣東綜合檢測(cè))It’sjustanotherdayforWilliamLindesay.Itbeginsbyspendingsometimewithhissons...andtheGreatWallofChina.Hehaslostcountofthenumberoftimeshehasclimbedthewall.However,hestillremembersthedaywhenhefirstsaw

62

.

答案

it

解析

此處表示他仍然記得第一次看到長(zhǎng)城的那一天,

空格處指代的是長(zhǎng)城,

應(yīng)用代詞it。No.4真題實(shí)戰(zhàn)?經(jīng)典對(duì)練拿高分Group1A(2023·全國(guó)甲卷)Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)1.______________

(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom.Fableswerepartoftheoraltraditionofmanyearlycultures,andthewell-knownAesop’sfablesdatetothe

2.

(six)century,B.C.Yet,theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,3.

RachelCarsonsaysin“A

Fable

for

Tomorrow.”

Carsonusesasimple,directstylecommontofable.Infact,herstyleandtone(口吻)areseeminglydirectedatchildren.“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica4.

alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulco-existencewithitssurroundings,”herfablebegins,5.

(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.Behindthesimplestyle,however,isaseriousmessage6.

(intend)foreveryone.

7.

(difference)fromtraditionalfables,Carson’sstoryendswithanaccusationinsteadofamoral.Shewarnsoftheenvironmentaldangersfacingsociety,andsheteachesthatpeoplemusttakeresponsibility

8.

savingtheirenvironment.

Thethemesoftraditionalfablesoftendealwithsimpletruthsabouteverydaylife.However,Cason’sthemeisamoreweighty9.

(warn)aboutenvironmentaldestruction.Carsonprovesthatasimpleliteraryformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill10.

(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.

【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要闡述了寓言故事的功能及Carson所創(chuàng)作的寓言故事的特點(diǎn)等。1.答案

to

teach解析

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,

本句中的have

told為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,

空前沒(méi)有連詞,

故teach需用不定式形式做目的狀語(yǔ),

句意為“人們講述寓言故事是為了告訴我們經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)或者傳遞智慧”。故填to

teach。2.答案

sixth解析

考查數(shù)詞。結(jié)合句意可知,

此處的the

sixth

century表示“第六個(gè)世紀(jì)”。故填sixth。3.答案

as解析

考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,

本句為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,

表示“正如Rachel

Carson所說(shuō)的那樣”。as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,

意為“正如、正像”。故填as。4.答案

where解析

考查定語(yǔ)從句。本句中a

town為先行詞,

“all

life

seemed

to

enjoy

peaceful...”為定語(yǔ)從句,

從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),

故用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。故填where。5.答案

borrowing解析

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。本句中begins為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,

故此處borrow需用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式,

由于borrow與邏輯主語(yǔ)her

fable構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系,

故用現(xiàn)在分詞borrowing。故填borrowing。6.答案

intended解析

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,

本句中的謂語(yǔ)是系動(dòng)詞is,

故此處需用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式,

be

intended

for

“專為……設(shè)計(jì)”,

此處intended做后置定語(yǔ)。故填intended。7.答案

Different解析

考查形容詞。(be)different

from意為“與……不同”,

為固定搭配。此處的different

from

traditional

fables為形容詞短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ),

位于句首首字母要大寫(xiě)。故填Different。8.答案

for解析

考查介詞。take

responsibility

for為固定搭配,

表示“為……負(fù)責(zé)任”。故填for。9.答案

warning解析

考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)前面的不定冠詞a可知,

此處需要用名詞形式warning,

表示“警告;

警示”。故填warning。10.答案

be

employed解析

考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。結(jié)合前面的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can可知,

此處需要用動(dòng)詞原形,

前面的主語(yǔ)a

simple

literary

form與employ之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,

應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填be

employed。B(2021·全國(guó)乙卷)Ecotourismiscommonlyregardedaslowimpact(影響)traveltoundisturbedplaces.Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome1.

(educate)abouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe2.

(develop)ofthelocalareas.

Ecotourismhas3.

(it)originwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconcept

4.

thelate1980s.Duringthattime,increasingenvironmentalawarenessmadeitdesirable.

Dueto5.

growingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretravel,varioustypes6.

tripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.Actually,atrueeco-friendlytripmustmeetthefollowingprinciples:

?Minimizetheimpactof7.

(visit)theplace.

?Buildrespectforandawarenessoftheenvironmentandculturalpractices.?Provide8.

(finance)aidandotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.

?Makesurethatthetourismprovidespositiveexperiencesforboththevisitorsandthehosts.KomodoNationalPark,officiallyrecognizedin1980,ispopularforecotourismbecauseofitsuniquebiodiversity.9.

(activity)thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(遠(yuǎn)足)andaccommodationsaim

10.

(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.

【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了生態(tài)旅游和傳統(tǒng)旅游的區(qū)別以及生態(tài)旅游需要遵循的原則。1.

答案

educated

解析

分析句子成分可知,

所填的詞做表語(yǔ)。由于educate和the

traveler之間存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,

故用動(dòng)詞-ed形式。2.

答案

development

解析

根據(jù)空格前面的定冠詞the可知,

所填的詞是名詞形式,

故用development。3.

答案

its

解析

分析句子成分可知,

所填的詞修飾名詞origin做定語(yǔ),

故用形容詞性物主代詞。4.

答案

until

解析

分析句子成分并結(jié)合前面的not可知,

本句是not...until...結(jié)構(gòu)。5.

答案

the

解析

所填的詞位于名詞的前面,

且名詞后有of短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ),

因此該名詞是特指,

故用定冠詞。6.

答案

of

解析

此處為短語(yǔ)various

types

of...,

表示

“各種各樣的……”。7.

答案

visiting

解析

所給的詞是動(dòng)詞且位于介詞后,

故用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。8.

答案

financial

解析

所填的詞做定語(yǔ),

修飾名詞aid,

故用financial。9.

答案

Activities

解析

所給單詞是名詞,

且句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為range,

因此該名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。10.

答案

tohave

解析

aim

to

do

sth意為

“旨在做某事”,

故填to

have。Group2A(2023·全國(guó)乙卷)Beijingisacitybridgingtheancientandthemodern.FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums,narrowhutong

1.

royalpalaces,itishometomorethan3,000yearsofglorioushistoryevendowntoitslayout,withthecitykeepingitscarefully2.

(build)systemofringroads.

Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplace3.____________

welcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st-centuryarchitectural4.

(wonder)standingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.

Itisadistinctvisualcontrast(反差)thatshouldn’twork,5.___________

somehowthesetwoverydifferentworldsmakeagoodcombination.

6.

(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years,I7.___________

(amaze)bytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遺產(chǎn))whileconstantlygrowing.Asaphotographer,Ihavespentthelasttwoyears8.

(record)everythingIdiscovered.

The9.

(remark)developmentofthiscity,whichisconsciouslydesignedtoprotectthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,

10.

(mean)thereisalwayssomethingnewtodiscoverhere,andIcouldbephotographingBeijingforthenext50years.

【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章的作者從一位攝影師的視角介紹了北京這座古典和現(xiàn)代完美融合的城市。1.答案to解析

考查介詞。根據(jù)上文的“From

Buddhist

temples

to

museums”可知,

此處是“(from)

narrow

hutongs

royal

palaces”,

所以填to。

2.答案built解析

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。build和“system

of

ring

roads”有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,

所以用動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)。3.答案that/which解析

考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是a

place,

關(guān)系詞在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ),

所以填that/which。4.答案wonders解析

考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。wonder意為“奇跡”,

是可數(shù)名詞。該詞前沒(méi)有單數(shù)修飾語(yǔ),

所以用復(fù)數(shù)形式。5.答案but/yet解析

考查連詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,

前后兩句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,

所以填but/yet。6.答案Having

visited解析

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。visit和句子的主語(yǔ)I有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,

且所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前,

所以用動(dòng)詞-ing形式的完成時(shí)。7.答案was

amazed解析

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。amaze和I是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,

且講述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,

所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。8.答案recording解析

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)前面的spent可知,

此處為spend

time

(in)

doing

sth結(jié)構(gòu),

所以填recording。9.答案remarkable解析

考查形容詞。所填的詞修飾名詞development,

所以用形容詞形式。10.答案means解析

考查主謂一致?！癲evelopment

of

this

city”是句子的主語(yǔ),

講述的是客觀事實(shí),

所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),

故填means。B(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Chinahasbecomethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChang’e-4probe(探測(cè)器)—thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess—1.

(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.Landingonthemoon’sfarsideis2.

(extreme)challenging.Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot3.

itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular4.__________(interesting)toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(環(huán)形山),moreso5.

thefamiliarnearside.ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e-46.

(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.“Thisreallyexcitesscientists,”CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,“becauseit7.

(mean)wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon8.

(construct).”Dataaboutthemoon’scomposition,suchashow9.

iceandothertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhether10.

(it)plansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.

【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了嫦娥四號(hào)無(wú)人探測(cè)器在月球背面成功著陸,

彰顯了中國(guó)成為第一個(gè)使探測(cè)器在月球背面著陸的國(guó)家的民族自豪感。1.

答案

touched

解析

分析句子成分可知,

主語(yǔ)為T(mén)he

unmanned

Chang’e-4

probe,

空格處為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)空格后的last

week可知,

此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。2.

答案

extremely

解析

空格處修飾形容詞challenging,

應(yīng)用副詞。故填extremely。5.

答案

than

解析

空格處與前面的more構(gòu)成比較結(jié)構(gòu)。故填than。6.

答案

tofind

解析

分析句子成分可知,

這里用不定式短語(yǔ)做目的狀語(yǔ)。7.

答案

means

解析

根據(jù)上文的時(shí)態(tài)可知,

此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),

主語(yǔ)為it,

故用mean的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。8.

答案

isconstructed解析

分析句子成分可知,

moon與動(dòng)詞construct之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,

故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。9.

答案

much

解析

空格后面的ice是不可數(shù)名詞,

故用much修飾。10.

答案

its

解析

根據(jù)空格后的名詞plans可知,

此處應(yīng)使用形容詞性物主代詞。故填its。Group3A(2020·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Decorating

with

Plants,

Fruits

andFlowers

for

Chinese

New

YearChineseNewYearisa1.

(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers2.

(carry)specialsignificance.Theyrepresenttheearth3.

(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.

Thesearesomeofthemostpopularinmanypartsofthecountry:Oranges:Orangetreesaremore4.

decoration;theyareasymbolofgoodfortuneandwealth.Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes5.

(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.

Bamboo:Chineselovetheir“LuckyBamboo”plantsandyouwillseethemoftenintheirhomesandoffices.6.

(certain)duringthe