2023年全國高考乙卷英語真題試卷及答案

高考PAGE1試卷2023年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分1.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inthebookstore. B.Intheregisteroffice. C.Inthedormbuilding.2.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Sunny. B.Cloudy. C.Rainy.3.Whatdoesthemanwanttodoontheweekend?A.Dosomegardening. B.Haveabarbecue. C.Gofishing.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Anewoffice. B.Achangeoftheirjobs. C.Aformercolleague.5.WhatdoweknowaboutAndrew?A.He’soptimistic. B.He’sactive. C.He’sshy.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間，每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whichofthefollowingdoesthewomandislike?A.Thebedroom. B.Thesittingroom. C.Thekitchen.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggesttheydonext?A.Gotoanotheragency. B.Seesomeotherflats. C.Visittheneighbours.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatisthemandoing?A.He’smakingaphonecall.B.He’schairingameeting.C.He’shostingaprogram.9.WhatmakesMrs.JohnsonworriedaboutherdaughterinAfrica?A.Lackofmedicalsupport.B.Inconvenienceofcommunication.C.Poortransportationsystem.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatpositiondoesthemanapplyfor?A.Asalesperson. B.Anengineer. C.Anaccountant.11.Whichaspectofthecompanyappealstotheman?A.Thecompanyculture.B.Thefreeaccommodations.C.Thecompetitivepay.12.Whatisdifficultforthemantodealwith?A.Interpersonalrelationships.B.Quality-quantitybalance.C.Unplannedhappenings.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.HowdoesRobertsoundwhenspeakingofhisbeingawriter?A.Hopeful. B.Grateful. C.Doubtful.14.WhatwasRobertlikebeforehewas9yearsold?A.Hehadwildimagination. B.Heenjoyedsports. C.Helovedscience.15.WhatdidRobert’sfatherdo?A.Ateacher. B.Acoach. C.Alibrarian.16.WhathelpedRobertbecomeawriter?A.Writingdaily. B.Listeningtostories. C.Readingextensively.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WherewasOpenTchaikovskyCompetitionheldin1986?A.InMoscow. B.InChelyabinsk. C.InBerlin.18.WhatdoesMaximsayaboutthecompetitionheattendedat10?A.Itinspiredmanyyoungmusicians.B.Itwasthemusiceventofhisdreams.C.Itwasalife-changingexperience.19.Whichkindofmusicaretheyoungplayersrequiredtoplay?A.Rockmusic. B.Popmusic. C.Classicalmusic.20.WhatdoesMaximvaluemostinyoungplayers’performance?A.Expressiveness. B.Smoothness. C.Completeness.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。APRACTITIONERSJacquelineFelicedeAlmania(c.1322)highlightsthesuspicionthatwomenpracticingmedicinefaced.BorntoaJewishfamilyinFlorence,shemovedtoPariswheresheworkedasaphysicianandperformedsurgery.In1322shewastriedforpracticingunlawfully.Inspiteofthecourthearingtestimonials(證明)ofherabilityasadoctor,shewasbannedfrommedicine.JamesBarry(c.1789-1865)wasbornMargaretBulkleyinIrelandbut,dressedasaman,shewasacceptedbyEdinburghUniversitytostudymedicine.Shequalifiedasasurgeonin1813,thenjoinedtheBritishArmy,servingoverseas.Barryretiredin1859,havingpracticedherentiremedicalprofessionlivingandworkingasaman.TanYunxian(1461-1554)wasaChinesephysicianwholearnedherskillsfromhergrandparents.Chinesewomenatthetimecouldnotserveapprenticeships(學(xué)徒期)withdoctors.However,Tanpassedtheofficialexam.Tantreatedwomenfromallwalksoflife.In1511,Tanwroteabook,SayingsofaFemaleDoctor,describingherlifeasaphysician.RebeccaLeeCrumpler(1831-1895)workedasanurseforeightyearsbeforestudyinginmedicalcollegeinBostonin1860.Fouryearslater,shewasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoreceiveamedicaldegree.ShemovedtoVirginiain1865,wheresheprovidedmedicalcaretofreedslaves.21.WhatdidJacquelineandJameshaveincommon?A.Doingteachingjobs. B.Beinghiredasphysicians.C.Performingsurgery. D.Beingbannedfrommedicine.22.HowwasTanYunxiandifferentfromtheotherpractitioners?A.Shewroteabook. B.Shewentthroughtrials.C.Sheworkedasadentist. D.Shehadformaleducation.23.WhowasthefirstAfricanAmericanwithamedicaldegree?A.JacquelineFelicedeAlmania. B.TanYunxian.C.JamesBarry. D.RebeccaLeeCrumpler.BLivinginIowaandtryingtobecomeaphotographerspecializinginlandscape(風(fēng)景)canbequiteachallenge,mainlybecausethecornstatelacksgeographicalvariation.AlthoughlandscapesintheMidwesttendtobequitesimilar,eitherfarmfieldsorhighways,sometimesIfinddistinctivecharacterinthehillsorlakes.Tomakesomeofmylandscapeshots,Ihavetraveleduptofourhoursawaytoshootwithina10-minutetimeframe.Itendtotravelwithafewofmyfriendstostateparksortothecountrysidetogoonadventuresandtakephotosalongtheway.Beingattherightplaceattherighttimeisdecisiveinanystyleofphotography.IoftenleaveearlytoseektherightdestinationssoIcansetupearlytoavoidmissingthemomentIamattemptingtophotograph.Ihavemissedplentyofbeautifulsunsets/sunrisesduetobeingonthespotonlyfiveminutesbeforethebestmoment.OnetimemyfriendsandIdrovethreehourstoDevil’sLake,Wisconsin,toclimbthepurplequartz(石英)rockaroundthelake.Afterwefoundacrazy-lookingroadthathungoverabunchofrocks,wedecidedtophotographthesceneatsunset.Thepositionenabledustolookoverthelakewiththesunsetinthebackground.Wemanagedtoleavethisspottoclimbhigherbecauseofthesparetimeuntilsunset.However,wedidnotmarktheroute(路線)soweendedupalmostmissingthesunsetentirely.Oncewefoundtheplace,itwasstressfulgettinglightsandcamerassetupinthelimitedtime.Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.24.HowdoestheauthordealwiththechallengeasalandscapephotographerintheMidwest?A.Byteamingupwithotherphotographers. B.Byshootinginthecountrysideorstateparks.C.Bystudyingthegeographicalconditions. D.Bycreatingsettingsinthecornfields.25.Whatisthekeytosuccessfullandscapephotographyaccordingtotheauthor?A.Propertimemanagement. B.Goodshootingtechniques.C.Adventurousspirit. D.Distinctivestyles.26.WhatcanweinferfromtheauthortripwithfriendstoDevil’sLake?A.Theywentcrazywiththepurplequartzrock.B.Theyfeltstressedwhilewaitingforthesunset.C.Theyreachedtheshootingspotlaterthanexpected.D.Theyhadproblemswiththeiremipment.27.HowdoestheauthorfindhisphotostakenatDevil’sLake?A.Amusing. B.Satisfying. C.Encouraging. D.Comforting.CWhatcomesintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofBritishfood?Probablyfishandchips,oraSundaydinnerofmeatandtwovegetables.ButisBritishfoodreallysouninteresting?EventhoughBritainhasareputationforless-than-impressivecuisine,itisproducingmoretopclasschefswhoappearfrequentlyonourtelevisionscreensandwhoserecipebooksfrequentlytopthebestsellerlists.It’sthankstotheseTVchefsratherthananyadvertisingcampaignthatBritonsareturningawayfrommeat-and-two-vegandready-mademealsandbecomingmoreadventurousintheircookinghabits.ItisrecentlyreportedthatthenumberofthosestickingtoatraditionaldietisslowlydecliningandaroundhalfofBritain’sconsumerswouldliketochangeorimprovetheircookinginsomeway.TherehasbeenariseinthenumberofstudentsapplyingforfoodcoursesatUKuniversitiesandcolleges.ItseemsthatTVprogrammeshavehelpedchangewhatpeoplethinkaboutcooking.Accordingtoanewstudyfrommarketanalysts,1in5BritonssaythatwatchingcookeryprogrammesonTVhasencouragedthemtotrydifferentfood.Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawidervarietyofingredients(配料)thantheyusedto,andjustunder1in4saytheynowbuybetterqualityingredientsthanbefore.OneinfouradultssaythatTVchefshavemadethemmuchmoreconfidentaboutexpandingtheircookeryknowledgeandskills,andyoungpeoplearealsogettingmoreinterestedincooking.TheUK’sobsession(癡迷)withfoodisreflectedthroughtelevisionscheduling.Cookeryshowsanddocumentariesaboutfoodarebroadcastmoreoftenthanbefore.WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTV,it’snolonger“uncool”forboystolikecooking.28.WhatdopeopleusuallythinkofBritishfood?A.Itissimpleandplain. B.Itisrichinnutrition.C.Itlacksauthentictastes. D.Itdeservesahighreputation.29.WhichbestdescribescookeryprogrammeonBritishTV?A.Authoritative. B.Creative. C.Profitable. D.Influential.30.Whichisthepercentageofthepeopleusingmorediverseingredientsnow?A.20%. B.24%. C.25%. D.33%.31.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?A.Theartofcookinginothercountries. B.MalechefsonTVprogrammes.C.TablemannersintheUK. D.Studiesofbigeaters.DIfyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity’slaterachievements,anduntilfairlyrecentlyevenmanyliterate(有文字的)societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.Ideallyahistorywouldbringtogethertextsandobjects,andsomechaptersofthisbookareabletodojustthat,butinmanycaseswesimplycan’t.Theclearestexampleofthisbetweenliterateandnon-literatehistoryisperhapsthefirstconflict,atBotanyBay,betweenCaptainCook’svoyageandtheAustralianAboriginals.FromtheEnglishside,wehavescientificreportsandthecaptain’srecordofthatterribleday.FromtheAustralianside,wehaveonlyawoodenshield(盾)droppedbyamaninflightafterhisfirstexperienceofgunshot.Ifwewanttoreconstructwhatwasactuallygoingonthatday,theshieldmustbequestionedandinterpretedasdeeplyandstrictlyasthewrittenreports.Inadditiontotheproblemofmiscomprehensionfrombothsides,therearevictoriesaccidentallyordeliberatelytwisted,especiallywhenonlythevictorsknowhowtowrite.Thosewhoareonthelosingsideoftenhaveonlytheirthingstotelltheirstories.TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfricanpeopleofBeninandtheIncas,allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.Whenweconsidercontact(聯(lián)系)betweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.32.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Howpasteventsshouldbepresented. B.Whathumanityisconcernedabout.C.Whetherfactsspeaklouderthanwords. D.Whywrittenlanguageisreliable.33.WhatdoestheauthorindicatebymentioningCaptainCookinparagraph2?A.Hisreportwasscientific. B.Herepresentedthelocalpeople.C.HeruledoverBotanyBay. D.Hisrecordwasone-sided.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conversation”inparagraph3referto?A.Problem. B.History. C.Voice. D.Society.35.Whichofthefollowingbooksisthetextmostlikelyselectedfrom?A.HowMapsTellStoriesoftheWorld B.AShortHistoryofAustraliaC.AHistoryoftheWorldin100Objects D.HowArtWorksTellStories第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch,butinmanywaystheyaretheunsungheroesofthehome.38,butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople’swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情),reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.What’smore,indoorplantsareeasytolookafterandarenotveryexpensive.Whatareindoorplants?Indoorplants,alsoknownashouseplantsorpotplants,areplantsthatliketogrowindoors.Manyofthesespecies(物種)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.37Whyareindoorplantsgoodforyou?WillSpoelstra,whoworksattheRoyalBotanicGardens,says,“38.Ifindduringthewintermonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.”Severalstudieshavebackedthisupandfoundthatindoorplantscanimprovecreativity,focusandmemory.Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases,suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.39Whichplantscanyougrow?Aloevera,peaceliliesandspiderplantsaresomeofthespeciesthatareeasytogrowindoors.Youcanbuyplantsfromsupermarkets,gardencentresoronline.Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature-whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.“40”Spoelstrasays.“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople’slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”A.AllplantsaredifferentB.NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC.TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil’smyareamongthebestF.ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividual(個人)all-aroundevent,GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverythingshe41best.Shehadto42herbedroominVirginia.Shehadtosay43tohertwodogsandtothebeach,whereshelovedto44wavesonherboard.Butitwas45totaketheleap(飛躍),however46itwouldbe.Evenat14,Douglasknewthat.Soshe47about1,200milesawayfromhome,to48withacoachfromChina.Shelivedwithafamilyshehadnever49andeverythingwasnewtoher.Asitturnedout,Douglasdid50whatsheneededtodotobecomeOlympicchampionwhenshe51twoRussians.TheChinesecoach52Douglasintooneofthebestgymnastsinthe53,helpingherskyrocketfroman54memberofthenationalteamtothetopofthesport.By55theOlympicall-aroundtitle,shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso.She56thecompetitionfrombeginningtoend.Shesaidshehadfelt57allalongthatshewouldwin.Notsolongago,MarthaKarolythecoordinator(聯(lián)絡(luò)人)ofthewomen’snationalteam,didnotthinkDouglashadwhatit58tobeanOlympian.Astimewentby,shethought59thatshecouldmaketheLondonGames-andwin.“I’mgoingtoinspiresomanypeople,”shesaid.“I’mreadyto60.”Andshineshedid.41.A.tried B.thought C.judged D.knew42.A.takeup B.packup C.cleanup D.doup43.A.goodbye B.hello C.thanks D.no44.A.cause B.observe C.ride D.strike45.A.common B.time C.fun D.tough46.A.breathtaking B.heartbreaking C.eye-catching D.head-spinning47.A.droppedout B.movedon C.pulledover D.wentoff48.A.reason B.talk C.compete D.train49.A.met B.helped C.understood D.needed50.A.approximately B.gradually C.exactly D.possibly51.A.defeated B.pleased C.respected D.assisted52.A.forced B.transformed C.persuaded D.put53.A.world B.city C.team D.state54.A.amateur B.elected C.average D.enthusiastic55.A.clarifying B.defending C.winning D.demanding56.A.followed B.organized C.watched D.led57.A.confident B.nervous C.excited D.uneasy58.A.viewed B.appeared C.mattered D.took59.A.nowandthen B.moreandmore C.farandwide D.onandon60.A.shine B.fly C.dance D.score第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Beijingisacitybridgingtheancientandthemodern.FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums,narrowhutong61royalpalaces,itishometomorethan3,000yearsofglorioushistoryevendowntoitslayout,withthecitykeepingitscarefully62(build)systemofringroads.Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplace63welcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st-centuryarchitectural64(wonder)standingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.Itisadistinctvisualcontrast(反差)thatshouldn’twork.65somehowthesetwoverydifferentworldsmakeagoodcombination.66(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years,I67(amaze)bytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遺產(chǎn))whileconstantlygrowing.Asaphotographer,Ihavespentthelasttwoyears68(record)everythingIdiscovered.The69(remark)developmentofthiscity,whichisconsciouslydesignedtoprotectthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,70(mean)thereisalwayssomethingnewtodiscoverhere,andIcouldbephotographingBeijingforthenext50years.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞：2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。LastFridaymymomdecidedtocolorhishair.Shestudiedwithallthehairproductsatthedrugstore.Thecolorshechoosecameinaboxwhichhadapictureofawomanthathaircolorlookedjustperfect.Momwassuresamecolorwouldlookgreatonher.Sheputthenewcoloronherhairorsatstillfor30minutes,justasthedirectionssaying.However,insteadofthebrownishredhairshehadhopedfor,shefinalgotpurplehair.Shewentrightintotheshowertowashingit,butitwasnouse.Atleastonethingprovedtruth:thecolorwouldn’twashout.第二節(jié)書面表達 請以向?qū)W校英文報投稿的方式，用英語描述學(xué)習(xí)一項新技能的經(jīng)歷，及從中獲得的體驗和感受。 注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右 2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。2023年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（全國乙卷）英語參考答案1．C2．A3．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了四位從醫(yī)人員的生平事跡。1．細節(jié)理解題。通過文章第一部分中的“BorntoaJewishfamilyinFlorence,shemovedtoPariswheresheworkedasaphysicianandperformedsurgery.(她出生于佛羅倫薩的一個猶太家庭，搬到巴黎當醫(yī)生并做外科手術(shù))”以及第二部分中的“Shequalifiedasasurgeonin1813(她獲得了做外科醫(yī)生的資格)”和“Barryretiredin1859,havingpracticedherentiremedicalprofessionlivingandworkingasaman.(Barry于1859年退休，她以男人的身份生活和工作，從事了整個醫(yī)學(xué)職業(yè))”可知，Jacqueline和James的共同點是都有資格進行外科手術(shù)。故選C。2．推理判斷題。通讀全文，再根據(jù)文章第三部分中的“Tanwroteabook,SayingsofaFemaleDoctor,describingherlifeasaphysician.(Tan寫了一本書《女醫(yī)生的故事》，描述了她作為一名醫(yī)生的生活)”可推斷，Tan與其他從業(yè)人員的不同之處在于她寫了一本書。故選A。3．細節(jié)理解題。通過文章第一部分中的“Fouryearslater,shewasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoreceiveamedicaldegree.(四年后，她成為第一位獲得醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)位的非裔美國女性)”可知，RebeccaLeeCrumpler是第一位獲得醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)位的非裔美國人。故選D。4．B5．A6．C7．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者的風(fēng)景攝影經(jīng)歷中的所見所感。4．細節(jié)理解題。通過文章第二段“Itendtotravelwithafewofmyfriendstostateparksortothecountrysidetogoonadventuresandtakephotosalongtheway.(我傾向于和幾個朋友一起去州立公園或鄉(xiāng)村探險，沿途拍照)”可知，作為一名中西部的風(fēng)景攝影師，作者應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)的方式是去鄉(xiāng)村或州立公園拍攝。故選B。5．推理判斷題。通過文章最后一段“Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.(盡管如此，回顧這些照片，它們?nèi)匀皇俏易詈玫囊恍┱掌M管如果我能明智地準備和管理我的時間，它們本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者認為，風(fēng)景攝影成功的關(guān)鍵是恰當?shù)臅r間管理。故選A。6．推理判斷題。通過文章最后一段“However,wedidnotmarktheroute(路線)soweendedupalmostmissingthesunsetentirely.(然而，我們沒有標出路線，所以我們幾乎完全錯過了日落)”可推知，作者在與朋友的魔鬼湖之旅中，到達拍攝地點的時間比預(yù)期的要晚。故選C。7．推理判斷題。通過文章最后一段“Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.(盡管如此，回顧這些照片，它們?nèi)匀皇俏易詈玫囊恍┱掌?，盡管如果我能明智地準備和管理我的時間，它們本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者認為自己在魔鬼湖拍攝的照片是令人滿意的。故選B。8．A9．D10．D11．B【導(dǎo)語】本篇是一篇說明文，介紹英國人受到了英國烹飪節(jié)目的影響，不僅改變了對烹飪的看法，還被鼓勵去嘗試不同的食物和烹飪方式。8．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“WhatcomesintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofBritishfood?Probablyfishandchips,oraSundaydinnerofmeatandtwovegetables.ButisBritishfoodreallysouninteresting?”（當你想到英國食物時，你會想到什么？你可能想到的是炸魚薯條，或是一肉兩菜的周日晚餐。但是，英國食物真的如此無趣嗎？）可知，提及英國食物，大家往往只是想到炸魚薯條和周日烤肉，所以人們通常會覺得英國食物平淡無奇。故選A項。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“It’sthankstotheseTVchefsratherthananyadvertisingcampaignthatBritonsareturningawayfrommeat-and-two-vegandready-mademealsandbecomingmoreadventurousintheircookinghabits.”（正是由于電視上的這些大廚，而不是憑借廣告宣傳活動，英國人正在遠離“一肉兩菜”和速食餐，而變得更加愿意探索新的烹飪習(xí)慣。）和“ItseemsthatTVprogrammeshavehelpedchangewhatpeoplethinkaboutcooking.”（似乎電視節(jié)目幫助改變了人們對烹飪的看法。）可知，英國的烹飪節(jié)目能夠改變英國人對烹飪的看法，嘗試從傳統(tǒng)的英式飲食走出來，嘗試新的烹飪習(xí)慣，由此推知英國的烹飪節(jié)目具有很大的影響力。故選D項。10．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawidervarietyofingredients(配料)thantheyusedto,andjustunder1in4saytheynowbuybetterqualityingredientsthanbefore.”（幾乎三分之一的人表示他們現(xiàn)在使用的配料比以前更多，將近四分之一的人表示他們現(xiàn)在購買的配料質(zhì)量比以前更好。）可知，三分之一左右的人，也就是33%左右的人，使用的配料比以前更多。故選D項。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTV,it’snolonger“uncool”forboystolikecooking.”（隨著電視上出現(xiàn)越來越多男性廚師，男孩子喜歡烹飪不再是一件“不酷”的事了。）可知，接下來，文章應(yīng)該銜接上文，具體介紹電視上出現(xiàn)的男性廚師。故選B項。12．A13．D14．B15．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。本文討論了僅僅依靠書面文本來講述世界歷史，是有局限性的，強調(diào)將物品納入歷史敘事，能更好地理解無文字社會。12．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity’slaterachievements,anduntilfairlyrecentlyevenmanyliterate(有文字的)societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.(如果你想講述整個世界的歷史，一段不以人類某一部分為特權(quán)的歷史，你不能僅僅通過文本來講述，因為世界上只有一部分人曾經(jīng)有過文本，而世界上大多數(shù)人，在大多數(shù)時間里，都沒有。寫作是人類較晚的成就之一，直到最近，甚至許多有文字的社會也不僅用文字，而且用物件來記錄他們所關(guān)心的事情。)”可推知，第一段主要講述的是歷史事件應(yīng)該如何被呈現(xiàn)。故選A。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段首句“Ideallyahistorywouldbringtogethertextsandobjects,andsomechaptersofthisbookareabletodojustthat,butinmanycaseswesimplycan’t.(理想情況下，歷史應(yīng)該將文本和物品結(jié)合在一起，本書的某些章節(jié)能夠做到這一點，但在許多情況下，我們根本做不到。)”可推斷，作者認為歷史應(yīng)該是文本和物品相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物，但是很多情況下，我們做不到。再根據(jù)所舉例子的下文“FromtheEnglishside,wehavescientificreportsandthecaptain’srecordofthatterribleday.FromtheAustralianside,wehaveonlyawoodenshield(盾)droppedbyamaninflightafterhisfirstexperienceofgunshot.(在英國方面，我們有科學(xué)報告和船長對那可怕的一天的記錄。從澳大利亞方面來看，我們只有一個木制盾牌，這是一名男子在第一次經(jīng)歷槍擊后在飛行中扔下的。)”可知，作者舉這個例子是為了說明船長的記錄是片面的，只是從自己的角度描述了問題。故選D。14．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfricanpeopleofBeninandtheIncas,allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.Whenweconsidercontact(聯(lián)系)betweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.(加勒比海的泰諾人、澳大利亞的土著人、貝寧的非洲人以及印加人，所有這些人都出現(xiàn)在這本書中，他們現(xiàn)在都可以通過他們制造的物品向我們講述他們過去最強大的成就：通過物品講述的歷史給了他們一個聲音。當我們考慮諸如此類的有文化社會和無文化社會之間的接觸時，我們所有的第一手資料都必然是扭曲的，只有對話的一半。)”結(jié)合劃線句“Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.(如果我們要找到對話的另一半，我們不僅要讀文本，還要讀物體。)”可知，我們對過去歷史的了解，只是書寫歷史的人所想讓我們了解的歷史，如果我們想要了解歷史的另一半，我們不僅僅要讀文本也要讀物件。所以conversation指的是“歷史”。故選B。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.(如果你想講述整個世界的歷史，一段不以人類某一部分為特權(quán)的歷史，你不能僅僅通過文本來講述，因為世界上只有一部分人的歷史曾經(jīng)被文字記錄過，而世界上大多數(shù)人，在大多數(shù)時間里，都沒有。)”結(jié)合最后一段的“Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.(如果我們要找到對話的另一半，我們不僅要讀文本，還要讀物體。)”可知，本文講述僅僅依靠書面文本來講述世界歷史有局限性，想要更好的了解歷史就要將文本和物品結(jié)合在一起。從而推斷文章最有可能選自《100件物品中的世界史》。故選C。16．B17．D18．C19．E20．G【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了什么是室內(nèi)植物、室內(nèi)植物有哪些好處以及你可以種植哪些室內(nèi)植物。16．根據(jù)下文“butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople’swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情),reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.(而且研究表明，它們可以通過改善情緒、減輕壓力和幫助增強記憶力來促進人們的健康)”可知，此處與下文是遞進關(guān)系，構(gòu)成notonly…but“不僅……而且……”結(jié)構(gòu)。由此可知，B.Notonlydotheylookbeautiful(它們不僅看起來很漂亮)能夠銜接下文，符合語境。故選B。17．根據(jù)上文“Manyofthesespecies(物種)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.(這些品種中的許多都不適合在英國戶外生長，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植物不適合在戶外寒冷的環(huán)境中生長，即適合在溫暖的地方生長。由此可知，D.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmer(相反，它們在溫暖的室內(nèi)生長得更好)能夠承接上文，符合語境。故選D。18．根據(jù)下文“Ifindduringthewintermonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.(我發(fā)現(xiàn)在冬天的幾個月里，房子周圍的植物真的能提升你的情緒)”可知，室內(nèi)植物對人有好處。由此可知，C.Therearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoors(在室內(nèi)種植植物有很多好處)能夠銜接下文，符合語境。故選C。19．根據(jù)上文“Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases,suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.(也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通過去除二氧化碳等有害氣體來凈化周圍的空氣。它們還能去除油漆或烹飪中的一些有害化學(xué)物質(zhì))”可知，盆栽植物能夠清除有害物質(zhì)。由此可知，E.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil’stongueareamongthebest(像和平百合和魔芋之類的植物是最好的)能夠承接上文，列舉了在這方面做的最好的植物，符合語境。故選E。20．根據(jù)上文“Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature-whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.(年輕的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它們成熟時照顧它們——這是擁有植物的樂趣之一)”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding(了解每種植物的需求是非常有益的)能夠承接上文，同時引起下文，下文“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople’slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”(它可以為人們的生活帶來新的興趣和焦點，并有助于建立家庭與自然之間的聯(lián)系。)”具體介紹了了解每種植物的需求的好處。故選G。21．D22．B23．A24．C25．B26．B27．D28．D29．A30．C31．A32．B33．A34．C35．C36．D37．A38．D39．B40．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了美國體操運動員GabbyDouglas為了成為個人全能項目的奧運冠軍，不得不遠離家鄉(xiāng)，去離家1200英里的地方，和一個來自中國的教練一起訓(xùn)練。最終在教練的訓(xùn)練下，Douglas成為世界上最好的體操運動員之一，贏得奧運會全能冠軍，成為了第一個獲此殊榮的黑人女性。21．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：為了成為個人全能項目的奧運冠軍，GabbyDouglas不得不放棄她最熟悉的一切。A.tried嘗試；B.thought思考；C.judged判斷；D.knew知道、熟悉。由上文“TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividual(個人)all-aroundevent,GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverything”和下文“1,200milesawayfromhome”可知，為了成為個人全能項目的奧運冠軍，