新教材同步系列2024春高中英語Unit12Innovation課件北師大版選擇性必修第四冊

UNIT12

INNOVATION美文導(dǎo)入素養(yǎng)解讀：近幾年英語高考的突出特點(diǎn)是堅(jiān)持能力立意，突出對核心素養(yǎng)的考查。下面這篇文章就是圍繞“思維品質(zhì)”這一學(xué)科素養(yǎng)展開的。文章介紹了與本單元“科技創(chuàng)新”話題緊密相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，有助于提升同學(xué)們對新興科技的興趣，從而樹立積極的鉆研科學(xué)、投身于科學(xué)的探索精神。主題：人與社會學(xué)科素養(yǎng)：思維品質(zhì)難度系數(shù)：★★★★★

【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文介紹了亞龍·古羅維奇研究出一種新的分析面部照片的神經(jīng)網(wǎng)，可以通過分析面部圖片幫助醫(yī)生縮小診斷范圍，從而可以實(shí)現(xiàn)人工智能看臉識別疾病。Peoplewithgeneticsyndromes(綜合征)sometimeshaverevealingfacialfeatures，butusingthemtomakeaquickandcheapdiagnosiscanbetrickygiventherearehundredsofpossibleconditionstheymayhave.Anewneural(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的)networkthatanalysesphotographsoffacescanhelpdoctorsnarrowdownthepossibilities.YaronGurovichatbiotechnologyfirmFDNAinBostonandhisteambuiltaneuralnetworktolookattheoverallimpressionoffacesandreturnalistofthe10geneticsyndromesapersonismostlikelytohave.Theybasedtheneuralnetwork，calledDeepGestalt，on17,000imagescorrectlylabeledtomatchmorethan200geneticsyndromes.TheteamthenaskedAItoidentifypotentialgeneticdisordersfromafurther502photosofpeoplewithsuchconditions.Itincludedthecorrectansweramongitslistof10responses91percentofthetime.Gurovichandhisteamalsotestedtheneuralnetwork’sabilitytodistinguishbetweenthedifferentgeneticmutations(基因突變)thatcanleadtothesamesyndrome.TheyusedphotographsofpeoplewithNoonansyndrome(努南綜合征)，whichcanresultfrommutationsinanyoneoffivegenes.DeepGestaltcorrectlyidentifiedthegeneticsourceofthephysicalappearance64percentofthetime.It’sclearlynotperfect，butit’sstillmuchbetterthanhumansareattryingtodothis.Asthesystemmakesitsassessments，thefacialregionsthataremosthelpfulinthedeterminationarehighlightedandmadeavailablefordoctorstoview.Thishelpsthemtounderstandtherelationshipsbetweengeneticmake-upandphysicalappearance.Thefactthatthediagnosisisbasedonasimplephotographraisesquestionsaboutprivacy.Iffacescanrevealdetailsaboutgenetics，thenemployersandinsuranceproviderscould，inprinciple，secretlyusesuchtechniquestodiscriminateagainstpeoplewhohaveahighprobabilityofhavingcertaindisorders.However，Gurovichsaysthetoolwillonlybeavailableforusebyclinicians.Thistechniquecouldbringsignificantbenefitsforthosewhohavegeneticsyndromes.Therealvaluehereisthatforsomeoftheseultra-rarediseases，theprocessofdiagnosiscanbemany，manyyears.Thiskindoftechnologycanhelpnarrowdownthesearchspaceandthenbeconfirmedthroughcheckinggeneticmarkers.Forsomediseases，itwillcutdownthetimetodiagnosedramatically.Forothers，itcouldperhapsaddmeansoffindingotherpeoplewiththediseaseand，inturn，helpfindnewtreatmentsorcures.注：努南綜合征(Noonansyndrome)是一種在臨床上具有相同的表型，但是在遺傳上卻存在異質(zhì)性的疾病。tricky/'tr?k?/adj.狡猾的；機(jī)警的；棘手的identify/a?'dent?fa?/vt.確定；鑒定；識別；辨認(rèn)出；使參與；把……看成一樣vi.確定；認(rèn)同；一致disorder/d?s'??d?r/n.騷亂；混亂；失調(diào)；疾病probability/?pr?b?'b?l?ti/n.可能性；概率○課標(biāo)詞匯narrowdown縮??；限制；減少resultfrom由于；起因于；由……造成inprinciple大體上；原則上discriminateagainst歧視；區(qū)別對待beavailablefor有效；對……有用；可供……利用cutdown削減；砍倒1．Asthesystemmakesitsassessments，thefacialregionsthataremosthelpfulinthedeterminationarehighlightedandmadeavailablefordoctorstoview.○句型精析分析：這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。主句的主語為“thefacialregions”，謂語為“arehighlighted”和“made”；“thataremosthelpfulinthedetermination”是定語從句，“Asthesystemmakesitsassessments”為時(shí)間狀語從句。譯文：在這個(gè)系統(tǒng)作出評估的時(shí)候，在測定中最有幫助作用的面部區(qū)域會被突出顯示，使醫(yī)生得以仔細(xì)檢查。2．Iffacescanrevealdetailsaboutgenetics，thenemployersandinsuranceproviderscould，inprinciple，secretlyusesuchtechniquestodiscriminateagainstpeoplewhohaveahighprobabilityofhavingcertaindisorders.分析：這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句“Iffacescanrevealdetailsaboutgenetics”是條件狀語從句，inprinciple，secretly是狀語，“todiscriminateagainstpeople”是動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語，“whohaveahighprobabilityofhavingcertaindisorders”是定語從句，修飾先行詞“people”。譯文：如果面部能透露基因的詳細(xì)情況，那么雇主和保險(xiǎn)公司大體上就能秘密地運(yùn)用這些技術(shù)區(qū)別對待那些很可能患有一定疾病的人員。單元核心素養(yǎng)目標(biāo)【語言技能】掌握形容詞和短語介