動詞（講義）人教PEP版英語六年級下冊

小升初英語PEP版第一輪總復習考點專題精講專題5—動詞考點解密考點解密動詞是用來表示動作或狀態(tài)的詞。動詞分成四類，即實義動詞(也稱行為動詞)、系動詞、助動詞和情態(tài)動詞(見專題六)?？疾榈闹攸c是動詞辨析、動詞短語辨析、動詞時態(tài)。?？碱}型有選擇題、完形填空題和改錯題等。通過本專題的學習，我們能夠了解動詞的分類，知道動詞的基本形式，掌握常見的四種動詞時態(tài)和標志性的時間狀語?？键c準備區(qū)考點準備區(qū)考點：動詞的分類和用法考點：動詞的分類和用法??實義動詞定義也稱行為動詞，表示動作或狀態(tài)，有完整詞義，一般在句子中作謂語分類及物動詞(vt.)及物動詞后面跟賓語不及物動詞(vi.)不及物動詞不跟賓語??典型例題例1：Shehard.她勤奮學習?！敬鸢浮縮tudies【方法點撥】study后沒有賓語，是不及物動詞；由于主語是she,時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，故用動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式，study變y為i再加es。??系動詞定義系動詞本身有詞義，但不能單獨作謂語，需和表語一起構成謂語狀態(tài)系動詞be感官系動詞look,smell,sound,taste變化系動詞bee,get,grow,turn??典型例題例2：—WhoBenandTim?—Theymyclassmates;.A.is;isB.is;areC.are;areD.are;is【答案】C【方法點撥】由BenandTim可知主語為兩人，謂語需要用系動詞are。答句的主語they應與are搭配。??助動詞定義助動詞本身無詞義，不能單獨作謂語，只能和實義動詞一起構成謂語用于表示否定、疑問、時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣等do,have,shall,will,should,would??典型例題例3：Peterlikefish,buthissisterlikesit.A.don'tB.doesn'tC.aren't【答案】B【方法點撥】助動詞必須和主語在人稱和數(shù)量上保持一致，Peter是第三人稱單數(shù)，所以用doesn't.??動詞的基本形式動詞原形未進行變化的原始動詞第三人稱單數(shù)①一般在動詞的詞尾加s。如：look→looks,work→works②以ch,sh,s,x及“輔音字母+o”結尾的詞，在詞尾加es。如：watch→watches,wash→washes,do→does③以“輔音字母+y”結尾的詞，先變y為i,再加es。如：study→studies,carry→carries④不規(guī)則變化。如have→has現(xiàn)在分詞①一般在動詞后加ing。如：work→working,sleep→sleeping②以不發(fā)音的e結尾的詞，去掉e后再加ing。如：smile→smiling,move→moving③以重讀閉音節(jié)或r音節(jié)結尾且末尾只有一個輔音字母的詞，雙寫末尾的輔音字母再加ing。如：sit→sitting,plan→planning④以字母ie結尾的詞，將ie改為y,再加ing。如：die→dying,lie→lying,tie→tying過去式①一般情況下，在動詞后加ed。如：work→worked,stay→stayed,shout→shouted②以e結尾的詞后只加d。如：close→closed,like→liked,live→lived,smile→smiled③以“輔音字母+y”結尾的詞，先變y為i,再加ed。如：study→studied,carry→carried④以重讀閉音節(jié)或r音節(jié)結尾且末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞，雙寫末尾的輔音字母再加ed。如：stop→stopped,admit→admitted⑤部分動詞的過去式是不規(guī)則變化的，須單獨記憶。如：go→went,see→saw,sing→sang,sleep→slept??典型例題例4：Didyourbrothersingingwhenhewasyoung?A.likeB.likesC.liked【答案】A【方法點撥】疑問句中后面的動詞用原形。例5：It(say)snakeslovemusic.【答案】says【方法點撥】此題考查動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式。句意：聽說蛇喜歡音樂。從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句也用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞用三單形式，say動詞三單形式是says?？键c過關區(qū)考點過關區(qū)精編?？家卓歼^關檢測試題班級姓名第一層：基礎過關題一、用am,is,are填空1.Mybrothertallandstrong.2.Thewomanwithsmalleyesateacher.3.Howyouruncle?4.Whoseskirtthis?5.Whoseshoesthey?6.WhoI?7.Hereawatchforyou.8.Heresomebreadforyou.二、用is,am,are,do,does填空1.youlikecooking?2.AnngoodatEnglish?3.LindaandJohnlikeclimbingtrees?4.LinfromasmalltowninWestChina.5.hebusydoinghishomework?6.Theykindtous.7.Weallmiddleschoolstudents.8.Iinterestedinplayingbasketball.9.shegotoschoolbybikeeveryday?10.theydotheirhomeworkeveryday?三、用like和likes填空1.Iflyingkites.2.ShereadingbooksonSundays.3.Heflyingkitesonsunnydays.4.Tomcollectingleavesinautumn.5.Theyrunningandjumping.四、用括號中所給動詞的適當形式填空1.There(be)threeapplesonthetree.2.Themanandthewomanalways(listen)totheradio.3.Jack(read)abookwhenthetelephonerang.4.They(have)gotsevengifts.5.Youhadbetter(go)homeatonce.6.Lily(notsing)verywell.五、選擇填空()1.—Howmanystudentsthereinyourclass?—Thereforty.A.is;isB.are;areC.is;areD.are;is()2.Whichbigger,theorangeortheapple?A.areB.isC.beD./()3.Mymotherateacher.Sheherpupilsverymuch.A.is;likeB.is;likesC.are;likesD.are;like()4.Iadrivernextyear.A.amB.willbeC.beD.will()5.Ihappylastnight.A.becameB.feltC.lookedD.am()6.Hisvoicelikemycousin's.A.soundsB.soundC.looksD.look()7.Hisfacewhitewhenheheardthebadnews.A.gotB.isC.turnedD.was()8.NeithershenorIanurse.A.amnotB.amC.areD.is六、英譯漢1.Ourcountyisgettingstrongerandstronger.2.Wemustgetreadytogothere.3.Itisafinedaytoday.4.Pingpongismyfavoritesport.5.Thesoupsmellsdelicious.6.Hisanswerseemstobecorrect.7.Don'tdrinkthemilk.Ithasturnedsour.8.Don'tmakeanynoise.Pleasekeepquiet.七、判斷下列句子的對錯，對的在括號里畫“√”,錯的畫“×”,并改正()1.Lucyandhermotherdon'tgoingsopping.()2.WeplaysbasketballonMondaymorning.()3.TheoldmanlikestolearnEnglish.()4.Idon'tmyhomeworkathome.()5.Mikeareplayingfootball.八、用所給的人稱改寫句子1.Theylikecollectingstamps.(Tom)2.Ilistentomusiccarefully.(Linda)3.ItakephotosonSunday.(John)4.Youlikemakingamodelcar.(Nick)5.Wegrowbeautifulflowers.(Ann)九、按要求改寫句子1.Doyouoftenreadstorybooksafterschool?(肯定回答)2.Wehavefournotebooks.(改為否定句)3.LiLing'sbrotherlikesplayingfootball.(改為否定句)4.ShelivesinasmalltownnearHangzhou.(改為一般疑問句)5.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改為一般疑問句)十、改寫句子1.Ilikesinging.否定句:一般疑問句:肯/否定回答:2.Tomhasabluebag.否定句:一般疑問句:肯/否定回答:3.Mysisterbuyssomebooks.否定句:一般疑問句:肯/否定回答:4.Mybrotherplaysbasketballafterschool.否定句:一般疑問句:肯/否定回答:5.Iwenthikingwithmyfriendsyesterday.否定句:一般疑問句:肯/否定回答:6.Shewasateachertenyearsago.否定句:一般疑問句:肯/否定回答:7.Thereweresmallhousesnearthehills.否定句:一般疑問句:肯/否定回答:8.Sheismygoodfriend.否定句:一般疑問句:肯/否定回答:9.Myauntworksinahospital否定句:一般疑問句:肯/否定回答:10.Thisisaredkite.否定句:一般疑問句:肯/否定回答:第二層：拓展提升題一、用is,am,are,was,were,do,does,did填空1.ShemyEnglishteacher.2.WefromCanada.3.theygiveyouanydeliciouscandies?4.Istrongerthanmysister.5.Heanursefiveyearsago.6.shevisittheschoolyesterday?7.Theyveryshorttenyearsago.8.Isixyearsoldfiveyearsago.9.hehelpyouwithyourwork?10.theygotothecinemaonSundays?二、用don't和doesn't及didn't填空1.Igotoschoolyesterday.2.Ihavemyowncartwomonthsago.3.ShelikegoingshoppingonSundays.4.TimlikewatchingTV.5.Mygrandpalikesmoking.6.Thedoglikeeatingbones.7.welikeflyingkites,helikeeither.8.Theyworkhardoneyearsago.三、把下列動詞變?yōu)榈谌朔Q單數(shù)形式1.live2.like3.do4.wake5.watch6.play7.have8.eat9.work10.fly四、用括號中所給動詞的適當形式填空1.He(go)upat6o'clockinthemorning.2.They(read)Englishinthemorning.3.Peteroften(watch)TVintheevening.4.Thegirl(fly)akiteeveryspring.5.Lily(like)herdressverymuch.6.I(notgo)homebybikeeveryday.五、選擇合適的單詞,并用其正確的形式填空smelltastegogetbeegrowseemlookfeelturn1.Myauntveryyoung.2.Lastweekend,Iverytired.3.Mysisteradoctorlastyear.4.Theflowerverysweet.5.Theleaveswillyellowinautumn.6.Youveryhappy.7.Thecakegood.8.Thebeefbad.六、選擇填空()1.Hetoldusateight.A.workingB.toworkC.workD.worked()2.Thestudentswillgototheparkifittomorrow.A.don'trainB.doesn'trainC.won'trainD.isn'training()3.Hesatdownarest.A.havingB.haveC.tohaveD.had.()4.Theteacheraskedustoschoolontime.A.toeB.ingC.eD.es()5.Theytheofficeatnineyesterdaymorning.A.reachedB.arrivedC.wentD.getto()6.You'dbetterathomeandyourhomework.A.tostay;doB.stay;doC.tostay;todoD.stay;todo七、根據(jù)漢語提示寫出正確的短語或詞組,將答案填寫在模線上1.那個醫(yī)生好像很匆忙的樣子。Thedoctorinahurry.2.為什么你感到悲傷?Whydoyou?3.我爺爺?shù)念^發(fā)變白了。Mygrandpa'shair.4.我弟弟成了一名學生。Mybrotherastudent.5.2023年,我叔叔成了一名警察。Myunclein2023.6.王老師來看我時,我在做作業(yè)。IwhenMissWangcametoseeme.7.足球運動會后,他感覺又餓又累。Heafterthefootballmeeting.8.聽到這個好消息時,安的臉色變得紅潤起來。Ann'sfacewhensheheardthegoodnews.八、判斷下列句子的對錯,正確的在括號里打“√”,錯誤的打“×”,并改正。()1.ZhangLeiliveinHebei.()2.Ialwaysdoesmyhomeworkat7:00intheevening.()3.Shealwayswritealettertoherfriend.()4.Atigerdoesn'teatgrass.()5.Itdon'tsingverywell.九、用所給的人稱改寫句子1.Idrawahouseandsomeflowers.(she)2.Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.(he)3.Theylookafterthecats.(mygrandma)4.Ireadbooksinthemorning.(Mr.Wang)5.Wegotobedateight.(mysister)十、用所給單詞的正確形式填空ThissummerholidayI'll(write)astory!Itwill(be)afantasy(魔幻)storyliketheHarryPotterbooks.I'llwriteabout10,000words.Thecharacters(人物)inmystory(be)fourlovelygirls.They(live)ordinary(普通的)lives.Butonedaysomething(change)theirlivesforever.I'llbeawonderfulbook.參考答案第一層：基礎過關題一、1.is2.is3.is4.is5.are6.am7.is8.is二、1.Do2.Is3.Do4.is5.Is6.are7.are8.am9.Does10.Do三、1.like2.likes3.likes4.likes5.like四、1.are2.listen3.wasreading4.have/had5.go6.doesn'tsing五、1.B解析：students和forty都表示復數(shù)。2.B解析：which意為“哪一個;哪一些”,根據(jù)句意這里用單數(shù)。3.B解析：主語為單數(shù),謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。4.B解析：由nextyear可知時態(tài)為一般將來時，用“will/+動詞原形”表示。5.B解析：由lastnight可知時態(tài)為一般過去時,feelhappy意為“感到高興”。6.A解析：soundlike意為“聽起來……”主語為單數(shù),謂語動詞也用單數(shù)形式。7.C解析：表示顏色的改變用turn.8.B解析：neither…nor…意為“既不……也不……，……和……都不”。當連接兩個成分作主語時,其謂語動詞的單復數(shù)遵循就近原則。六、1.我國正變得越來越強大。2.我們必須準備好去那兒。3.今天天氣好。4.乒乓球是我最喜歡的運動。5.這湯聞起來很美味。6.他的答案似乎是正確的。7.別喝這牛奶，它已經變酸了。8.別出聲,請保持安靜。七、1.×going→go2.×plays→play3.√4.×don't后加do5.×are→is八、1.Tomlikescollectingstamps.2.Lindalistenstomusiccarefully.3.JohntakesphotosonSunday.4.Nicklikesmakingamodelcar.5.Anngrowsbeautifulflowers.九、1.Yes,Ido.2.Wedon'thavefournotebooks.3.LiLing'sbrotherdoesn'tlikeplayingfootball.4.DoessheliveinasmalltownnearHangzhou?5.Doyoudoyourhomeworkeveryday?十、1.否定句:Idon'tlikesinging.一般疑問句:Doyoulikesinging?肯/否定回答:Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.2.否定句:Tomdoesn'thaveabluebag.一般疑問句:DoesTomhaveabluebag?肯/否定回答:Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn't.3.否定句:Mysisterdoesn'tbuyanybooks.一般疑問句:Doesyoursisterbuyanybooks?肯/否定回答:Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.注意:一般情況下在疑問句和否定句中，some變?yōu)閍ny。4.否定句:Mybrotherdoesn'tplaybasketballafterschool.一般疑問句:Doesyourbrotherplaybasketballafterschool?肯/否定回答:Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn't.5.否定句:Ididn'tgohikingwithmyfriendsyesterday.一般疑問句:Didyougobikingwithyourfriendsyesterday?肯/否定回答:Yes,Idid/No,Ididn't.6.否定句:Shewasn'tateachertenyearsago.一般疑問句:Wassheateachertenyearsago?肯/否定回答:Yes,shewas.No,shewasn't.7.否定句:Thereweren'tsmallhousesnearthehills.一般疑問句:Weretheresmallhousesnearthehills?肯/否定回答:Yes,therewere./No,thereweren'