動(dòng)詞（講義）人教PEP版英語(yǔ)六年級(jí)下冊(cè)

小升初英語(yǔ)PEP版第一輪總復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)專題精講專題5—?jiǎng)釉~考點(diǎn)解密考點(diǎn)解密動(dòng)詞是用來(lái)表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的詞。動(dòng)詞分成四類，即實(shí)義動(dòng)詞(也稱行為動(dòng)詞)、系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(見(jiàn)專題六)?？疾榈闹攸c(diǎn)是動(dòng)詞辨析、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。常考題型有選擇題、完形填空題和改錯(cuò)題等。通過(guò)本專題的學(xué)習(xí)，我們能夠了解動(dòng)詞的分類，知道動(dòng)詞的基本形式，掌握常見(jiàn)的四種動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和標(biāo)志性的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。考點(diǎn)準(zhǔn)備區(qū)考點(diǎn)準(zhǔn)備區(qū)考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞的分類和用法考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞的分類和用法??實(shí)義動(dòng)詞定義也稱行為動(dòng)詞，表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，有完整詞義，一般在句子中作謂語(yǔ)分類及物動(dòng)詞(vt.)及物動(dòng)詞后面跟賓語(yǔ)不及物動(dòng)詞(vi.)不及物動(dòng)詞不跟賓語(yǔ)??典型例題例1：Shehard.她勤奮學(xué)習(xí)?！敬鸢浮縮tudies【方法點(diǎn)撥】study后沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)，是不及物動(dòng)詞；由于主語(yǔ)是she,時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故用動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式，study變y為i再加es。??系動(dòng)詞定義系動(dòng)詞本身有詞義，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，需和表語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞be感官系動(dòng)詞look,smell,sound,taste變化系動(dòng)詞bee,get,grow,turn??典型例題例2：—WhoBenandTim?—Theymyclassmates;.A.is;isB.is;areC.are;areD.are;is【答案】C【方法點(diǎn)撥】由BenandTim可知主語(yǔ)為兩人，謂語(yǔ)需要用系動(dòng)詞are。答句的主語(yǔ)they應(yīng)與are搭配。??助動(dòng)詞定義助動(dòng)詞本身無(wú)詞義，不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，只能和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)用于表示否定、疑問(wèn)、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣等do,have,shall,will,should,would??典型例題例3：Peterlikefish,buthissisterlikesit.A.don'tB.doesn'tC.aren't【答案】B【方法點(diǎn)撥】助動(dòng)詞必須和主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)量上保持一致，Peter是第三人稱單數(shù)，所以用doesn't.??動(dòng)詞的基本形式動(dòng)詞原形未進(jìn)行變化的原始動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)①一般在動(dòng)詞的詞尾加s。如：look→looks,work→works②以ch,sh,s,x及“輔音字母+o”結(jié)尾的詞，在詞尾加es。如：watch→watches,wash→washes,do→does③以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞，先變y為i,再加es。如：study→studies,carry→carries④不規(guī)則變化。如have→has現(xiàn)在分詞①一般在動(dòng)詞后加ing。如：work→working,sleep→sleeping②以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的詞，去掉e后再加ing。如：smile→smiling,move→moving③以重讀閉音節(jié)或r音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的詞，雙寫末尾的輔音字母再加ing。如：sit→sitting,plan→planning④以字母ie結(jié)尾的詞，將ie改為y,再加ing。如：die→dying,lie→lying,tie→tying過(guò)去式①一般情況下，在動(dòng)詞后加ed。如：work→worked,stay→stayed,shout→shouted②以e結(jié)尾的詞后只加d。如：close→closed,like→liked,live→lived,smile→smiled③以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞，先變y為i,再加ed。如：study→studied,carry→carried④以重讀閉音節(jié)或r音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，雙寫末尾的輔音字母再加ed。如：stop→stopped,admit→admitted⑤部分動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式是不規(guī)則變化的，須單獨(dú)記憶。如：go→went,see→saw,sing→sang,sleep→slept??典型例題例4：Didyourbrothersingingwhenhewasyoung?A.likeB.likesC.liked【答案】A【方法點(diǎn)撥】疑問(wèn)句中后面的動(dòng)詞用原形。例5：It(say)snakeslovemusic.【答案】says【方法點(diǎn)撥】此題考查動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式。句意：聽(tīng)說(shuō)蛇喜歡音樂(lè)。從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用三單形式，say動(dòng)詞三單形式是says?？键c(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)區(qū)考點(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)區(qū)精編?？家卓歼^(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)試題班級(jí)姓名第一層：基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)題一、用am,is,are填空1.Mybrothertallandstrong.2.Thewomanwithsmalleyesateacher.3.Howyouruncle?4.Whoseskirtthis?5.Whoseshoesthey?6.WhoI?7.Hereawatchforyou.8.Heresomebreadforyou.二、用is,am,are,do,does填空1.youlikecooking?2.AnngoodatEnglish?3.LindaandJohnlikeclimbingtrees?4.LinfromasmalltowninWestChina.5.hebusydoinghishomework?6.Theykindtous.7.Weallmiddleschoolstudents.8.Iinterestedinplayingbasketball.9.shegotoschoolbybikeeveryday?10.theydotheirhomeworkeveryday?三、用like和likes填空1.Iflyingkites.2.ShereadingbooksonSundays.3.Heflyingkitesonsunnydays.4.Tomcollectingleavesinautumn.5.Theyrunningandjumping.四、用括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.There(be)threeapplesonthetree.2.Themanandthewomanalways(listen)totheradio.3.Jack(read)abookwhenthetelephonerang.4.They(have)gotsevengifts.5.Youhadbetter(go)homeatonce.6.Lily(notsing)verywell.五、選擇填空()1.—Howmanystudentsthereinyourclass?—Thereforty.A.is;isB.are;areC.is;areD.are;is()2.Whichbigger,theorangeortheapple?A.areB.isC.beD./()3.Mymotherateacher.Sheherpupilsverymuch.A.is;likeB.is;likesC.are;likesD.are;like()4.Iadrivernextyear.A.amB.willbeC.beD.will()5.Ihappylastnight.A.becameB.feltC.lookedD.am()6.Hisvoicelikemycousin's.A.soundsB.soundC.looksD.look()7.Hisfacewhitewhenheheardthebadnews.A.gotB.isC.turnedD.was()8.NeithershenorIanurse.A.amnotB.amC.areD.is六、英譯漢1.Ourcountyisgettingstrongerandstronger.2.Wemustgetreadytogothere.3.Itisafinedaytoday.4.Pingpongismyfavoritesport.5.Thesoupsmellsdelicious.6.Hisanswerseemstobecorrect.7.Don'tdrinkthemilk.Ithasturnedsour.8.Don'tmakeanynoise.Pleasekeepquiet.七、判斷下列句子的對(duì)錯(cuò)，對(duì)的在括號(hào)里畫“√”,錯(cuò)的畫“×”,并改正()1.Lucyandhermotherdon'tgoingsopping.()2.WeplaysbasketballonMondaymorning.()3.TheoldmanlikestolearnEnglish.()4.Idon'tmyhomeworkathome.()5.Mikeareplayingfootball.八、用所給的人稱改寫句子1.Theylikecollectingstamps.(Tom)2.Ilistentomusiccarefully.(Linda)3.ItakephotosonSunday.(John)4.Youlikemakingamodelcar.(Nick)5.Wegrowbeautifulflowers.(Ann)九、按要求改寫句子1.Doyouoftenreadstorybooksafterschool?(肯定回答)2.Wehavefournotebooks.(改為否定句)3.LiLing'sbrotherlikesplayingfootball.(改為否定句)4.ShelivesinasmalltownnearHangzhou.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)5.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)十、改寫句子1.Ilikesinging.否定句:一般疑問(wèn)句:肯/否定回答:2.Tomhasabluebag.否定句:一般疑問(wèn)句:肯/否定回答:3.Mysisterbuyssomebooks.否定句:一般疑問(wèn)句:肯/否定回答:4.Mybrotherplaysbasketballafterschool.否定句:一般疑問(wèn)句:肯/否定回答:5.Iwenthikingwithmyfriendsyesterday.否定句:一般疑問(wèn)句:肯/否定回答:6.Shewasateachertenyearsago.否定句:一般疑問(wèn)句:肯/否定回答:7.Thereweresmallhousesnearthehills.否定句:一般疑問(wèn)句:肯/否定回答:8.Sheismygoodfriend.否定句:一般疑問(wèn)句:肯/否定回答:9.Myauntworksinahospital否定句:一般疑問(wèn)句:肯/否定回答:10.Thisisaredkite.否定句:一般疑問(wèn)句:肯/否定回答:第二層：拓展提升題一、用is,am,are,was,were,do,does,did填空1.ShemyEnglishteacher.2.WefromCanada.3.theygiveyouanydeliciouscandies?4.Istrongerthanmysister.5.Heanursefiveyearsago.6.shevisittheschoolyesterday?7.Theyveryshorttenyearsago.8.Isixyearsoldfiveyearsago.9.hehelpyouwithyourwork?10.theygotothecinemaonSundays?二、用don't和doesn't及didn't填空1.Igotoschoolyesterday.2.Ihavemyowncartwomonthsago.3.ShelikegoingshoppingonSundays.4.TimlikewatchingTV.5.Mygrandpalikesmoking.6.Thedoglikeeatingbones.7.welikeflyingkites,helikeeither.8.Theyworkhardoneyearsago.三、把下列動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榈谌朔Q單數(shù)形式1.live2.like3.do4.wake5.watch6.play7.have8.eat9.work10.fly四、用括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.He(go)upat6o'clockinthemorning.2.They(read)Englishinthemorning.3.Peteroften(watch)TVintheevening.4.Thegirl(fly)akiteeveryspring.5.Lily(like)herdressverymuch.6.I(notgo)homebybikeeveryday.五、選擇合適的單詞,并用其正確的形式填空smelltastegogetbeegrowseemlookfeelturn1.Myauntveryyoung.2.Lastweekend,Iverytired.3.Mysisteradoctorlastyear.4.Theflowerverysweet.5.Theleaveswillyellowinautumn.6.Youveryhappy.7.Thecakegood.8.Thebeefbad.六、選擇填空()1.Hetoldusateight.A.workingB.toworkC.workD.worked()2.Thestudentswillgototheparkifittomorrow.A.don'trainB.doesn'trainC.won'trainD.isn'training()3.Hesatdownarest.A.havingB.haveC.tohaveD.had.()4.Theteacheraskedustoschoolontime.A.toeB.ingC.eD.es()5.Theytheofficeatnineyesterdaymorning.A.reachedB.arrivedC.wentD.getto()6.You'dbetterathomeandyourhomework.A.tostay;doB.stay;doC.tostay;todoD.stay;todo七、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示寫出正確的短語(yǔ)或詞組,將答案填寫在模線上1.那個(gè)醫(yī)生好像很匆忙的樣子。Thedoctorinahurry.2.為什么你感到悲傷?Whydoyou?3.我爺爺?shù)念^發(fā)變白了。Mygrandpa'shair.4.我弟弟成了一名學(xué)生。Mybrotherastudent.5.2023年,我叔叔成了一名警察。Myunclein2023.6.王老師來(lái)看我時(shí),我在做作業(yè)。IwhenMissWangcametoseeme.7.足球運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)后,他感覺(jué)又餓又累。Heafterthefootballmeeting.8.聽(tīng)到這個(gè)好消息時(shí),安的臉色變得紅潤(rùn)起來(lái)。Ann'sfacewhensheheardthegoodnews.八、判斷下列句子的對(duì)錯(cuò),正確的在括號(hào)里打“√”,錯(cuò)誤的打“×”,并改正。()1.ZhangLeiliveinHebei.()2.Ialwaysdoesmyhomeworkat7:00intheevening.()3.Shealwayswritealettertoherfriend.()4.Atigerdoesn'teatgrass.()5.Itdon'tsingverywell.九、用所給的人稱改寫句子1.Idrawahouseandsomeflowers.(she)2.Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.(he)3.Theylookafterthecats.(mygrandma)4.Ireadbooksinthemorning.(Mr.Wang)5.Wegotobedateight.(mysister)十、用所給單詞的正確形式填空ThissummerholidayI'll(write)astory!Itwill(be)afantasy(魔幻)storyliketheHarryPotterbooks.I'llwriteabout10,000words.Thecharacters(人物)inmystory(be)fourlovelygirls.They(live)ordinary(普通的)lives.Butonedaysomething(change)theirlivesforever.I'llbeawonderfulbook.參考答案第一層：基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)題一、1.is2.is3.is4.is5.are6.am7.is8.is二、1.Do2.Is3.Do4.is5.Is6.are7.are8.am9.Does10.Do三、1.like2.likes3.likes4.likes5.like四、1.are2.listen3.wasreading4.have/had5.go6.doesn'tsing五、1.B解析：students和forty都表示復(fù)數(shù)。2.B解析：which意為“哪一個(gè);哪一些”,根據(jù)句意這里用單數(shù)。3.B解析：主語(yǔ)為單數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。4.B解析：由nextyear可知時(shí)態(tài)為一般將來(lái)時(shí)，用“will/+動(dòng)詞原形”表示。5.B解析：由lastnight可知時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí),feelhappy意為“感到高興”。6.A解析：soundlike意為“聽(tīng)起來(lái)……”主語(yǔ)為單數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)形式。7.C解析：表示顏色的改變用turn.8.B解析：neither…nor…意為“既不……也不……，……和……都不”。當(dāng)連接兩個(gè)成分作主語(yǔ)時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)遵循就近原則。六、1.我國(guó)正變得越來(lái)越強(qiáng)大。2.我們必須準(zhǔn)備好去那兒。3.今天天氣好。4.乒乓球是我最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)。5.這湯聞起來(lái)很美味。6.他的答案似乎是正確的。7.別喝這牛奶，它已經(jīng)變酸了。8.別出聲,請(qǐng)保持安靜。七、1.×going→go2.×plays→play3.√4.×don't后加do5.×are→is八、1.Tomlikescollectingstamps.2.Lindalistenstomusiccarefully.3.JohntakesphotosonSunday.4.Nicklikesmakingamodelcar.5.Anngrowsbeautifulflowers.九、1.Yes,Ido.2.Wedon'thavefournotebooks.3.LiLing'sbrotherdoesn'tlikeplayingfootball.4.DoessheliveinasmalltownnearHangzhou?5.Doyoudoyourhomeworkeveryday?十、1.否定句:Idon'tlikesinging.一般疑問(wèn)句:Doyoulikesinging?肯/否定回答:Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.2.否定句:Tomdoesn'thaveabluebag.一般疑問(wèn)句:DoesTomhaveabluebag?肯/否定回答:Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn't.3.否定句:Mysisterdoesn'tbuyanybooks.一般疑問(wèn)句:Doesyoursisterbuyanybooks?肯/否定回答:Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.注意:一般情況下在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中，some變?yōu)閍ny。4.否定句:Mybrotherdoesn'tplaybasketballafterschool.一般疑問(wèn)句:Doesyourbrotherplaybasketballafterschool?肯/否定回答:Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn't.5.否定句:Ididn'tgohikingwithmyfriendsyesterday.一般疑問(wèn)句:Didyougobikingwithyourfriendsyesterday?肯/否定回答:Yes,Idid/No,Ididn't.6.否定句:Shewasn'tateachertenyearsago.一般疑問(wèn)句:Wassheateachertenyearsago?肯/否定回答:Yes,shewas.No,shewasn't.7.否定句:Thereweren'tsmallhousesnearthehills.一般疑問(wèn)句:Weretheresmallhousesnearthehills?肯/否定回答:Yes,therewere./No,thereweren'