2022-2023學年上海大學附屬中學高二年級上冊10月診斷測試英語試卷

2022學年第一學期上大附中10月診斷測試

高二年級英語試卷

（滿分100分，90分鐘完成。）

I.ListeningComprehension（20分）

SectionA（10分）

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwo

speakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhat

wassaid.Theconversationsandquestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryou

hearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswerson

yourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhave

heard.

1.A.Heisangry.B.Heisexhausted.

C.Heishungry.D.Heisdisappointed.

2.A.Gooverhislessons.B.Attendtheparty.

C.Eatoutwithfriends.D.Takethefinalexam.

3.A.Sheismostlikelytobearrested.B.Shehasforgottentocallthepolice.

C.Shemayhavelostherdrivinglicense.D.Sheislyingtothepoliceofficer.

4.A.Billbrokehispromise.B.MumwillprobablyrewardBill.

C.Billfailedinthetest.D.MumisworriedaboutBilΓswork.

5.A.Makearecoveryplan.B.Gobacktowork.

C.Dropoutofschool.D.Quitherpresentjob.

6.A.Shegavehimalifthomeagain.B.Sheofferedhimanextraroom.

C.Shetreatedhimwellatherhome.D.Shesparedmuchtimeforhim.

7.A.Shedoesn,thavetimetofindanewflat.

B.Shehasnotpaidenoughrentinadvance.

C.Sheisunlikelytogiveuptheniceflat.

D.Shewantstodecoratetheflatduringtheholiday.

8.A.Extremesports.B.Travelinsurance.C.Bungeejumping.D.Divingsafety.

9.A.ShelikesPhillips,singingverymuch.

B.Sheappreciatesotherkindsofmusicals.

C.Sheenjoysthechangesofhismusicals.

D.SheadmiresothersingersmorethanPhillips.

10.A.Americanstudentsaretootalkativeinclass.

B.ItishardtolearnalotinanAmericanschool.

C.Onecanjoininschoolingindifferentways.

D.Activeparticipationisgreatlyencouraged.

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillhearseverallongerconversation(s)andshort

passage(s),andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachoftheconversation(s)

andthepassage(s).Theeo?iversation(s)andthepassage(s)willbereadtwice,but

thequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefour

possibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothe

questionyouhaveheard.

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.Oneshouldwaitforthingstohappenbeforeleaving.

B.Oneshouldremainsilentwhenthingsaregettinghard.

C.Oneshouldtrytotakecontrolofthedifficultsituation.

D.Oneshouldturntootherpeopleforinstanthelp.

12.A.Bymotivatinghimselftotakeaction.B.Byseekinghelpfromhisfriends.

C.Bythinkingofthemeaningoflife.D.Bytakinggoodcareofhimself.

13.A.Lifeisnotalwayspeacefulanditisfullofterribleaccidents.

B.Keepapositiveattitudeandfocusonsurvivalwhateverhappens.

C.Advancedequipmentistheessentialfactorinsurvivingcrises.

D.Bereadytogetimmediateassistancewhenlostinthejungle.

Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14.A.In1969.B.In2012.

C.In1976.D.In2016.

15.A.SuggestedcreatingauniversityofscienceandtechnologyinEgypt.

B.HelpedmanyEgyptianscientiststobeawardedtheNobelPrize.

試卷第2頁，共14頁

C.DevelopedcooperationwiththeUniversityofCaliforniaintheU.S.

D.ProvidedexcellentEgyptianstudentswithmorefinancialsupport.

16.A.ForhisrelationshipwithEgyptianPresident.

B.Forhisacademicperformanceintechnology.

C.ForhisgoodserviceintheEgyptianArmy.

D.ForhisoutstandingcontributionstoEgypt.

Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17.A.?toffersdifferentopinionsonoldage.

B.Itisabouthowtokeephealthyinoldage.

C.Itinvestigatesthecausesoftheagingproblem.

D.?trevealsthesecretsoflivinglonger.

18.A.Theoldarethoughttobehealthybutlonely.

B.Theoldarereportedtobepoorbuthappy.

C.Theoldareregardedasanunattractivegroup.

D.Theoldareconsidereddangeroustothesociety.

19.A.Theyareeasytofalldownwithseriousillness.

B.Theyenjoytravelingandgettingnewexperiences.

C.Theyaredifficulttoberecognizedduetothechanges.

D.Theyhavenomorementalproblemsthanthemiddle-aged.

20.A.Raisepeople,sawarenessofcaringfortheold.

B.Helppeopletaketheirresponsibilitiesfortheold.

C.Changepeople,sattitudetowardstheagedgroup.

D.Easepeople,sf?arandanxietyaboutgrowingold.

II.GrammarandVocabulary（20分）

SectionA（10分）

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentand

grammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformof

thegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

Atwistoffate

WhenTamaraRabimetAdrianaScottatalocalMcDonald'srestaurant,theirliveschanged

forever.4*Ididn,tknowwhattosay]?hi,.Iwasjustsoshocked—itwaslikeseeing

myself,^saysAdriana.TheywerebothstudentsatneighbouringuniversitiesinLongIsland,New

York,andtheyhadgrownuponly30kilometresapart.Theysharedabirthday,theywereexactly

thesameheightandbothlovedhiphop.Butthemostimportantthing2wasshared

betweenthemwasthesameMexicanmother.Bothgirlsgrewupknowingthattheirmother3

(give)themupforadoptionwhentheywereborn,buttheyhadnoidea4theyhadatwin

sister.Then,JustinLattore,afriendofAdriana,s,wenttoTamara,stwentiethbirthdayparty.When

hewalkedinandsawTamara,hardly5hebelievehiseyes.?tIwasjustshocked—she

lookedsomuchlikeAdrianaJsaysJustin.Thenitgotclear-theyhadtobesisters.Infact,

Tamarahadalreadynoticedthatstrangersonheruniversitycampusoftensmiledandsaidhello,

clearly6(mistake)herforsomeoneelse.

Followingthebirthday,JustinputthetwogirlsintouchandtheyarrangedtheMcDonald,s

meetingbyemail.''7shecametowardsme,shewaswalkinglikeme,talkinglikemeJ

saysTamara.iiWehavethesamemannerisms,thesameinterestsandgotthesamegradesat

school,,,addsAdriana.Thegirlevendiscoveredthataschildrentheyhadoftenhadthesame

nightmareofareallyloudnoise8(follow)byaveryquietone.Theyhadanothersad

factorincommon.9oftheiradoptivefathershaddiedafewyearsbeforetheymet.

Nowthetwinsarefinishingtheirstudies,andtheymeetoften.66Ifeelshe,smysister,butour

relationshiprightnowismorelikefriends,,,saysTamara.She,soptimisticandexcitedthattheir

futureswillbetogether.iiWewillalwayshaveeachother.Wedon,thaveanyotherbrothersand

sisters-wearesure10(grow)oldtogether!,,

SectionB(10分)

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybe

usedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.addressB.efficiencyC.benefitsD.estimatedE.readily

EfeatureG.reluctantlyH.dutiesLurgeJ.blamed

K.undisturbed

Japanesefirmsencouragedaytimenaps

試卷第4頁，共14頁

Imagineworkingforanemployerwho,awarethatyou,reprobablynotsleepingenoughat

night,allowsyoutodowntoolsandnapaspartofyourregularwork11—andnotjust

fortywinksatyourdesk,butarestorativesnoozeinaquietroom.

ThesearesomeofthemeasuresbeingusedbyagrowingnumberofcompaniesinJapanto

counteranepidemicofsleeplessnessthatcostsitseconomya（n）12$138bnayear.

Techstartupshavebeenquickestto13the“sleepdebt“amongirritableand

unproductiveemployees.Lastyear,Nextbeat,anTTserviceprovider,wentasfarassettinguptwo

''strategicsleepingrooms”-oneformen,theotherforwomen-atitsheadquartersinTokyo.

Thearoma-infusedrooms14devicesthatblockoutbackgroundnoise,allowingworkersto

stretchoutonsofasfora（n）15nap.Mobilephones,tabletsandlaptopsarebanned.

“Nappingcandoasmuchtoimprovesomeone,s16asabalanceddietandexercise,,,

EmikoSumikawa,amemberoftheNextbeatboard,toldKyodonewsagency.

Nextbeatalsoasksemployeestoleaveworkby9Pmandtoavoiddoingexcessiveovertime,

whichhasbeen17forarisingrateofdeathfromoverwork.

Japaneseworkershavemorereasonthanmosttosubmitto（月艮從）the18fora

daytimesnooze,whetheratworkorduringlongcommutes.

Asurveyconductedusingfitnesstrackersin28countriesfoundthatJapanesemenand

womensleep,onaverage,just6hoursand35minutesanight—45minuteslessthanthe

internationalaverage-makingthemthemostsleep-deprivedofall.Estonians,Canadians,

Belgians,Austrians,aswellastheDutchandFrench,allgetacomparativelydecentnight,ssleep,

accordingtothesurvey.

Thegovernmenthasalsocometoappreciatethe19ofawell-restedworkforce,with

thehealthministryrecommendingthatallworking-agepeopletakeanapofupto30minutesin

theearlyafternoon-advice20embracedbysomeofthecountιy,spoliticians.

III.ReadingComprehension（45分）

SectionA（15分）

Directions:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsor

phrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethat

bestfitsthecontext.

Yourbosstellsyouthatyoudidabadjob.Yourcoworkercriticizesyouinfrontofyour

wholeteam.Ouch!It,snoteasytotakecriticism,nomatterwhoitcomesfrom.But,itiseasyto

21theblowwhenyouoffercriticismtosomeoneinEnglish.Merelybyalteringyour

wordingandyourattitude,youcanhelpsomeonegrowinsteadofmakingthemfeel22.

Phraseslike"You'rewrong!''and"Yourpresentationwasterrible!πhavenoplacein

effective23.Infact,it'sbesttoleavetheword',you,'out,ifatallpossible.24attacksmake

peoplefeeldefective,andthentheywon,treallylistentoanythingyouhavetosay.

Beforestartingwiththecriticism,warmthepersonupwith25.Ifyouarediscussingtheir

work,findseveralthingsyoutrulylikeaboutwhattheyhavedone.Forexample,',Ienjoyedyour

presentationtoday.Youpresentedalotofgoodandhelpfulinformationinit,andIcantellyouput

alotofeffortintoit.Iappreciateyourhardwork."Thiswilllowertheir26andmakethemfeel

appreciated.

However,ashort27complimentfollowedbynbutnsuchas“Itwasahelpfultalk,butyou

reallyneedtoimproveyourpresentationskills"won,tdomuchtohelptheprocess.Afteryou,ve

sharedyourcompliments,allowthemtimetobe28.Asamatteroffact,29followingyour

complimentwitha"but”willdestroyailyou,vetriedtoaccomplishbymakingyour30seem

falseandinsincere.

Rememberthatthegoalofconstructivecriticismisn,ttomakethepersonfeelterrible:it'sto

helpthemgrow.Insteadofdirectly31theperson,trytogetthemessagethroughtotheminthe

formoflight-heartedadvice.Phraseslike.nNexttimeyoumightwantto..."or“Ifindithelpfulto

πcan32theblamewhilestillleavinganimpact:,'Nexttimeyoumightwanttogivealittle

moreattentiontotheaudience.IfindithelpfultolookpeopleintheeyeswhileIamspeaking"

Peoplecan'tchangeovernight,especiallyiftheydon,tgetdetailed33.Asyoumighthave

known,34saying4tyouneedtoworkonyourpresentationskills"won'thelpasoul!Bedetailed

inyouradvice!Showmoderationwhenyoucriticizeanyoneandkeepinyourmindthat

over-criticismcaneasily35people.Remembenyouwantthemtokeeptryingandimproving.

Don,tleavethemfeelingdefeated'

21.A.sufferB.acceptC.softD.ignore

22.A.defeatedB.encouragedC.motivatedD.disturbed

23.A.discussionB.argumentC.explanationD.criticism

試卷第6頁，共14頁

24.A.ImmediateB.PersonalC.AccurateD.Continuous

25.A.interactionsB.impressionsC.personalitiesD.compliments

26.A.defenseB,spiritC.moralD.position

27.A.decisiveB.seriousC.vagueD.concrete

28.A.correctedB.challengedC.debatedD.absorbed

29.A.carefullyB.reluctantlyC.immediatelyD.occasionally

30.A.praiseB.attitudeC.assistanceD.achievement

31.A.helpingB.accusingC.praisingD.dismissing

32.A.makeupB.focusonC.leadtoD.takeaway

33.A.commandB.commentC.instructionD.information

34.A.sincerelyB.simplyC.politelyD.unwillingly

35.A.overloadB.promoteC.inspireD.simulate

SectionB(22分)

Directions:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveral

questions.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choose

theonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhave

justread.

(A)

ALessonGoesViral

Attheendof2014,Tulsa,Oklahoma,sixth-gradeteacherMelissaBourreceivedafriend

requestonFacebookfromoneofherstudents.Shedidn,taccepttherequest,butaquickbrowse

throughthegirΓsfriendslistrevealedthenamesofdozensofkidsfromherclassroom.Manyof

thestudents,Facebookpageswerecompletelypublic,meaningevenstrangerscouldsearch

throughthekids,personalphotosandmessages.

'Tsawmiddlefingers,studentsdressedinappropriately,andextremelyoffensivelanguage/'

Melissasays.??Itwasdisturbing.,,Whenshebroughtupherdiscoveιyinclass,thestudents

thoughtiswasnothing.Soshecreatedapostofherown.

WithabrightgreenSharpie,shewroteonapieceofpaperinallcaps,"DearFacebook:My

12-year-oldstudentsthinkitis'nobigdeal,thattheyarepostingpicturesofthemselves...Please

helpme...[showthem]howquicklytheirimagescangetaround."Sheputapictureoftheletter

onherFacebookpageandaskedpeopletoshareit.

Inhours,itwasshared108,000timesacrossdozensofstatesandfourcountries.Shedeleted

itaftereighthours,butitcontinuedtospread.t?Iwantedtoshowthemthatit,sontheInternet

fbreverZ，shesays.

Assheexplainedtheresultsofherexperimentinclass,thestudents'"eyesgotbiggerand

bigger,“shesays.??Itscaredafewofthemintodeletingtheirpagescompletely,,,shesays.Others

haveremovedinappropriatepostsandusedprivacysettingstomanagetheirpages.

Herintentionwasn,ttoscarethemoffsocialmediabuttopushthemtobemindfulofwhat

theypost.Melissasays,“Itellthem,?justbecauseeveryoneelseissharingdoesn,tmeanyouhave

36.WhatdidMelissaBourfindaboutherstudents9Fackbookpages?

A.Theywerenotaccessibletostrangers.

B.Theycontainedimpropermessages.

C.Theyappealedalottothepublic.

D.Theyrevealednothingaboutthestudents.

37.WhydidMelissaputapictureoftheletteronherFackbookpage?

A.Toprovethepotentialthreatcausedbysharingsomethingonline.

B.TohelpstudentslearnhowtopostsomethingonFacebook.

C.ToturntothepublicfortipsonproperuseofFackbook.

D.Toscareherstudentsoffallsocialmedia.

38.AfterMelissatoldherstudentsabouttheresultsofherexperiment,they.

A.ignoredherwarningscompletely

B.begantosharesomethingmeaningful

C.tooknonoticeofwhatothersposted

D.realizedthedangerofsocialmedia

39.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Howateacherbecamepopularwithheruniquepost.

B.Howthestudentskeptthemselvesawayfromsocialmedia.

C.Howateacherraisedstudents5awarenessofInternetsecurity.

試卷第8頁，共14頁

D.Howthestudentsfoughtagainsttheiraddictiontoonlinegames.

（B）

Youmayreadthequestionsfirst.

IndianHeroesandGreatChieftains

ThebookmainlypresentsUSwiththeAmericanIndianleadersofthepast.Itfeaturesmany

profilesandbiographiesincludingSittingBull,RedCloud,LittleCrowandLozenQuanahetc.

writtenbyauthorCharlesEastman,andΓmsureyouwillbeinterestedinit.

Name:SittingBull

Birth:1831

Death:12-15-1890Hewasagreatheroandisrespectedby

manyAmericanIndians.Ina1997documentary（紀錄片）一

TheGreatTribes,hewasknownasaholyman,acomposerof

songsandanartist.Underhim,theSiouxandCheyenne

Nationsunified.HewasadvisedtogoonaEuropeantourin

1887,butheturneditdowntodefendthesetwonationsfrom

beingseparatedagain.Heledhispeopleduringyearsof

resistancetoUnitedStatesgovernmentpoliciesandwaskilled

byIndianagencypoliceontheStandingRockIndian

Reservation.

Name:CrazyHorse

Birth:1842

Death:9-5-1877CrazyHorsewasalegendarywaπior（

士）andagentleleaderaswellasabravemanwhostoodfor

thehighestidealoftheSioux,celebratedforhisbattleskillsas

wellashiseffortstopreserveNativeAmericantraditionsand

wayoflife.ResistingeffortstoforcetheSiouxonto

reservations,hefoughtalongsideSittingBullandothersinthe

American-IndianWars.CharlesEastmandescribedhiminhis

bookIndianHeroesas“amanofdeedsandnotofwords,?

Name:RedCloud

Birth:1822

Death:12-10-1909Hewasagainstthemovementofthe

whitesettlersintotheBlackHills.In1868,herefusedtosigna

"zα（y（條約），whichstatedthattheBlackHillsdidn,tbelongto

people.Thetreatyalsostatedthattheseareascouldn,tbe

enteredwithoutthegovernment'spermission.Accordingto

Eastman,sbookIndianHeroes,hewassaidtohavefought

againstthetreaty,forcingthegovernmenttogiveinandpull

outofthearea.

Name:LozenQuanah

Birth:late1840s

Death:1890KnownastheyoungestsisterofRedCloud,

shedevotedherselftothepeople.ShewasdescribedinPeter

Aleshire,sWarriorWomanasaheroinegoodatridinghorses

andusingabowandarrowtodriveattackersaway.Thisskill

wasconsideredtobe“oneofthemosthonoredskillsamongthe

Indians,,?

40.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutCrazyHorse?A.Hewasfriendlytohissoldier.

B.Heshowedgreatcourage.

C.Hewasagreattalker.D.Hewasrespected.

41.FromthepassageWecaninferthat.

A.SittingBulldislikedtraveling

B.IndianHeroeswasabookonIndianhistory

C.inthe1880sIndiansoldiersweremainlyarmedwithbowsandarrows

D.inthe1850sIndianwomenwerenotallowedtoridehorses

試卷第10頁，共14頁

42.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto.

A.showIndians,livestoreaders

B.describegreatIndianheroesandheroines

C.showthehistoryoftheIndians

D.commentonahistorybook

（C）

Aseverymobile-phoneownerknows,afterayearorsothebatterystartstofadeandthe

beastneedsrechargingmorefrequently.Thatisanuisance,butaphone,sbatteriescanbereplaced

fairlycheaplyorthewholehandsettradedinforthelatestmodel.AnCIeCtKiCcar,however,isa

muchbiggerinvestment.Batteriesareitspriciestcomponent,representingaround30%ofan

averageofmid-sizevehicle.Adeterioratingbatteryposesapotentialsafetyhazard,anddestroys

itssecond-handvalueaswell.

Toprovidebuyerswithsomepeaceofmind,carmakersguaranteetheirbatteries,typically

foreightyearsoraround200,000km.Producersarenow,though,planningtogomuchfurther

thanthat,withthelaunchOf“million-mile“batteries.

“It'sagreatcatchphrase;themillion-milebattery,“saysGeorgeCrabtree,directoroftheJoint

CentreforEnergyStorageResearch.??Bιιtthefactthatyoucandriveamillionmilesmaynotbe

themostrelevantparameter（參數(shù)）tolookat."Regularfast-chargingreducesbatterylife,asdo

overcharginganddeepdischarging.Drivinginextremelyhotorcoldweatherdoesn,thelpeither.

Andbatterylifewilldiminishevenifyoujustleavethecarinthegarage.Therealpointofa

million-milebatteryisthatthetechnologicaladvancesrequiredtomakeitpossiblewilldealwith

thesethingsaswell.

Thelithium-ion（鋰離子）batterieswhichpowerelectriccarsageintwoways:withtimeand

withuse.Battery-makerscalltime-dependentageing''calendarageing,?whichisconsequenceof

thegradualdegradationofsomeofthematerialsemployedinbatteryconstruction.Leavingacar

withafullyratherthanpartlychargedbattery,forexample,canincreasetherateofcalendar

ageing.Use-dependentageingisaconsequenceofthenumberofdischarge-rechargecyclesa

batterygoesthrough.Itiscausedbythecomplexchemicalreactionsthattakeplacewhenabattery

isoperating.

Batterytechnologyisimprovingallthetime.Asaconsequence,soarecalendarand

use-dependentlifetimes.Keepingtrackofandstudyingbatteries,performancehelpsresearchers

comeupwithwaystomitigate（緩和）someofthesidereactions.

Dealingwithimpuritiesthatgetintobatterieshelpstoextendtheirlives.Forexample,to

preventwaterfromforminganacidbyattackingtheelectrodes（電極）,GMhasdevelopedan

addictivemadefromzeolites（沸石）一molecularsponges,whichservestomopupanymoisture

whichentersabatterycell.

Addingalittlealuminium（鋁）booststhebattery,senergydensity,meaningacarcantravel

fartheronasinglecharge.Italsomakesthebatterylastlongerandlesscostly.

Asamarketingdevice,themillion-milebatterywillgiveelectric-carbuyersmoreconfidence

intheirbatteries.Butitisanythingbutthelimitofengineers,aspirations.Thenextobjectiveisto

replaceLi-ions,liquidelectrolytes（電解液）withsolidones,whichcouldmakea

two-million-milebatteryafeasibleobjective.Ifthatdaycomes,thetableswouldhavebeenturned.

Frombeingthefirstpartofacartofail,itsbatterywillhavecomethelast.

43.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthefirstparagraphmean?

A.Itismoreprofitabletoinvestinanelectriccarthaninamobilephone.

B.It,smuchmorecostlytoreplacethefailedbatteriesofanelectriccarwithnewones.

C.Spendingmoremoneyonanelectriccarcanincreaseitssecond-handvalue.

D.Comparedwithelectriccars,batteriesareoflessimportancetomobilephones.

44.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistheleastlikelytoreduceanelectriccar,s

batterylife?

A.Drivinganelectriccaronextremelyhotsummerdays.

B.Oftenchargingthecarin?fast,modetosavetime.

C.Unplugginganelectriccaronceit,sfullycharged.

D.Leavingthecarintheparkinglotforalongtime.

45.WhichofthefollowingisFALSEregardingthemeasuresresearcherstaketoprolonga

battery,slifetime?

A.Usingaluminiumtoimprovethebattery,sperformanceenablingthecartotravelfarther.

B.Keepingthebatterypartlychargedtoreduceitsrateof'calendarageing,.

C.Monitoringandstudyingbatteries,performanceinlong-distancetraveling.

試卷第12頁，共14頁

D.Addingzeolitetoencouragetheacidifyingchemicalreactioninthebattery.

46.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat.

A.Electriccarengineersarealwaysonthegotodevelopbatterieswithgreaterlongevity.

B.Thecurrenttechnologyhasenabledanelectriccartodriveamillionmilesonasinglecharge.

C.Policiesonthechoiceofbatterymaterialswillbetightenedtocontrolthetravelingrange.

D.Driversoffutureelectriccarswillnolongerbeworriedaboutbatteryfailure.

SectionC（8分）

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentence

giveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwo

moresentencesthanyouneed.

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthe

box.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.

Howwewritetoday

Thealphabetwasbornabout3800yearsago.Afteraslowstart,ithasproduceddozensof

offspring（后代）.47Nearthebeginningofthisperiod,thePhoenicianalphabet-adirect

offspringofthefirstone-gaverisetotheGreekandAramaicalphabets.TheGreekalphabetthen

ledtoahugevarietyofforms,fromtheCyrillicfamilyusedinsouth-eastEuropeandnorthern

AsiatotheLatin/RomanfamilythatincludesEnglish,GermanandFrench.TheAramaicalphabet,

meanwhile,developedintoagroupthatincludestheHebrewandArabicalphabets.Itprobably

alsogaverisetotheBrahmiscript,anotherdistincttypeofalphabetthatisitselftheparentof

dozensmoreusedacrosssouthandSouth-EastAsia.

48Inthefirst_ofwhichChinesetextistheonlyrealexamplestillinuse—signs

representfullwords.Intheother,signsrepresentsyllables（音節(jié)）.JapaneseusesmanyChinese

“word"characters,buthastwootherwritingsystemsbasedonsyllablesigns.Thefewother

syllable-basedsystemsincludetheCherokeeoneusedinthesouth-eastUS.

Thevarietyandglobaldominanceofthealphabetisn,tnecessarilyasignofitssuperiorityto

otherwritingsystems,saysAmaliaGnanadesikan,recentlyretiredfromtheUniversityof

Maryland.49Forinstance,theyareusedacrossnorthAsia,AfricaandtheAmericas

becauseofRussianandwesternEuropeanexpansionism.

Thefactthatalphabetsuseasmallersetofcharactersthanotherwritingsystemsisn,tentirely

beneficialeither,saysGnanadesikan.50Takethephrase“dogbitesman”.Someone

learningChinesehastoUnderstandjustthreesigns—ratherthan11letters—toreadandwritethe

sentence.??Soyougetaveryrapidabilitytotranslatewhatyou,relearningintouse,“shesays.

Moreover,childreninJapanIeamthehiragana（平假名）syllable-basedwritingsystemsoeasily

thattheycanoftenstartreadingaged3.

A.Asaresult,namesandfilesareusuallyarrang