2021新高考英語(yǔ)人教版一輪復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案第一編必修2Unit1Culturalrelics

Unit1Culturalrelics晨背分鐘填詞并背記ABraveMaidAwoodenvasefromtheMingDynastyattheentranceofthereceptionhallamazedeveryone.Theartistsdesigneditinararestyleandselectedvaluablejewelstodecorateit.Peoplethoughthighlyofitsfancycolourofhoneyandthebeautifulpaintingsonit.Thevaseusedtobelongtoaformercastle.Butwhenthecountrywasatwar,theenemytroopsexplodedthecastle.Debatesonhowthevasesurvivedwentonandon.Inordertoremovepeople'sdoubt,ateamofnolessthan20peoplecarriedoutaninformalinvestigation.Theevidencetheyfoundshowedthatamaidtookthevaseapartandaskedasailortosinkitinalocalwell.Shenevergaveawaythesecretevenunderthecrueltrialoftheenemieswhowereinsearchoftreasures.Itisworthgivingthisbravemaidafortuneinreturn.一位勇敢的女仆接待大廳入口處的明朝木制花瓶使每個(gè)人都驚奇不已。藝術(shù)家以一種罕有的風(fēng)格設(shè)計(jì)它，并挑選了貴重的珠寶裝飾它。人們高度贊賞它那蜂蜜般的奇特顏色，還有上面繪制的繪畫。這個(gè)花瓶曾經(jīng)屬于一座從前的城堡，但在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間，敵人的軍隊(duì)炸毀了城堡，于是關(guān)于這個(gè)花瓶是如何幸存下來的爭(zhēng)論就一直在持續(xù)著。為了解開人們的疑問，一個(gè)由不少于20人的調(diào)查隊(duì)開展了一次非正式的調(diào)查。他們找到的證據(jù)表明，有個(gè)女仆把花瓶拆開，然后讓一名水手把它沉到當(dāng)?shù)氐囊粋€(gè)水井里。她從來沒有泄露這個(gè)秘密，即使是在搜尋財(cái)寶的敵人殘酷的審訊下。這位女仆真是值得給予一大筆錢作為對(duì)她的回報(bào)。1．valuable(adj.)貴重的；有價(jià)值的→value(n.&vt.)價(jià)值；重視→invaluable(adj.)無(wú)法估計(jì)的；極寶貴的2．select(v.)挑選；選擇→selection(n.)選擇；選拔3．decorate(v.)裝飾；布置→decoration(n.)裝飾品；裝飾4．reception(n.)接待；招待會(huì)；接收→receive(vt.)接受；接待；招待→receiver(n.)()聽筒/受話器5．remove(vt.)移動(dòng)；搬開→removal(n.)移走；除去6．wooden(adj.)木制的→wood(n.)木頭7．former(adj.)以前的；從前的→latter(反義詞)(adj.)后者的；后面的8．evidence(n.)根據(jù)；證據(jù)→evident(adj.)明顯的；清楚的9．explode(vi.&vt.)爆炸→explosion(n.)爆炸10．informal(adj.)非正式的→formal(反義詞)(adj.)正式的11．serveas充當(dāng)；起作用12．a(chǎn)dd...to...把……加到……上13．bythelightof借助……的光線14．ratherthan而不是；與其……倒不如重點(diǎn)知識(shí)分鐘survivevt.比……活得長(zhǎng)；幸免于；從(困境等中)挺過來vi.幸免；幸存；生還(P1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Hediedin1940,buthiswifesurvivedhimanother20years.②Idon'tknowhowyouallmanagetosurviveyoursmallsalary.③Theplanecrashedinanareaofdensejungle.Therewereno(survive)．④Hisonlychanceof(survive)wasahearttransport.答案：①by②on③survivors④survival(1)Asurvive(s)Bby(＋時(shí)間)A比B多活……survivesth.幸免于；從……中挺過來/活過來surviveon依靠……生存下來survivefrom從……存活下來/流傳下來(2)survivorn.幸存者survivaln.[U]幸存[C]殘存物；幸存事物[名師點(diǎn)津]survive當(dāng)表示“幸存；幸免于”時(shí)，不需要加in或from。amazingadj.令人吃驚的(P1)一句多譯讓他感到吃驚的是，他的驚人的成就沒有使我們大為驚訝。①，wewerenotathisachievements.②wasthatwewerenotathisachievements.答案：①Tohisamazement;amazed;amazing②Whatamazedhim/Whatmadehimamazed;amazed;amazing(1)amazedadj.吃驚的beamazedat對(duì)……感到吃驚(2)amazementn.驚奇toone'samazement令某人吃驚的是(3)amazevt.使驚訝designvt.設(shè)計(jì)；計(jì)劃；構(gòu)思n.設(shè)計(jì)；圖案；構(gòu)思(P1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theypumpoutperfumes(design)toattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.②Themethodisspecificallydesigneduseinsmallgroups.③Shearrivedjustaswewereleaving,butwhetherthiswasbyaccidentordesignI'mnotsure.④Hewantstobeeafashion(design)whenhegrowsup.答案：①designed②for③by④designer(1)bedesignedfor...為……而設(shè)計(jì)bedesignedtodo目的是做……；被設(shè)計(jì)用于做……(2)bydesign＝onpurpose故意地；蓄意地(3)designern.設(shè)計(jì)師fancyadj.奇特的；異樣的vt.想象；設(shè)想；愛好n.空想；幻想；愛好(P1)(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空Ican'tfancy(disturb)bysuchtextmessagesalltheday.答案：beingdisturbed(2)單句寫作①她仔細(xì)查看旅館廣告，直到有一家符合她的心意。Shelookedthroughthehoteladvertisementsuntiloneofthem.②令我甚為驚訝的是，一個(gè)外國(guó)男孩愛上了中國(guó)相聲。Muchtomysurprise,aforeignboyChineseCrossTalk.答案：①caught/tookherfancy②takesafancyto(1)fancy...tobe/as...認(rèn)為……是……fancydoingsth.想要做某事(2)catch/takesb.'sfancy合某人的心意；吸引某人takeafancytosb./sth.喜歡上/愛上某人/物worthn.價(jià)值；作用prep.值得的；相當(dāng)于……的價(jià)值(P2)一句多譯既然你對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的中國(guó)文化感興趣，我認(rèn)為這個(gè)節(jié)日值得你體驗(yàn)。①SinceyouareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkthisfestivalis.(worth)②NowthatyouareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkthisfestivalis.(worthy)③OnaccountofyourinterestintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkthisfestivalis.(worthy)④BecauseofyourinterestintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkitisthisfestival.(worthwhile)答案：①worthexperiencing②worthytobeexperienced③worthyofbeingexperienced④worthwhileexperiencing/toexperience(1)be(well)worthdoing...……(非常)值得做beworththemoney/aneffort/atry值得花錢/努力/一試beworthit值得一干；值得花精力(或時(shí)間)(2)worthyadj.值得的eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(beworthy\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(＋ofbeingdone值得做……,＋of＋n.＝beworth＋n.值得……)),beworthytobedone值得做……))(3)worthwhileadj.有價(jià)值的Itisworthwhiletodo/doingsth.值得做某事[名師點(diǎn)津]worth一般只作表語(yǔ)，可用程度副詞well修飾；而worthy和worthwhile既可作表語(yǔ)又可作定語(yǔ)。insearchof尋找(P1)(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Isearchedthewholeroomthelostkey,butinvain.②Ifleftaloneoutside,dogsandcatscanbeverysmartintheirsearchwarmshelter.③Afteralongsearchthemurderweapon,thepolicefoundaknife.答案：①for②for③for(2)一句多譯救援人員徒手移開磚塊和石頭，搜尋地震中的幸存者。①Therescueworkersremovedthebricksandstoneswithbarehandsanysurvivorintheearthquake.(searchn．)②Therescueworkersremovedthebricksandstoneswithbarehandsanysurvivorintheearthquake.(searchn．)③Therescueworkersremovedthebricksandstoneswithbarehandsanysurvivorintheearthquake.(searchv．)答案：①insearchof②intheirsearchfor③tosearchfor(1)searchsth./sb.搜查某物/搜某人的身searchfor＝lookfor尋找search...for...為找到……而搜查……(2)insearchof尋找，搜尋[名師點(diǎn)津]insearchof在句中常作表語(yǔ)或目的狀語(yǔ)。名詞search前不加限定詞；若search前加a/the/one's等限定詞時(shí)，of一般換成for。search作動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，search的賓語(yǔ)是指搜查的范圍，可以是人、物或地點(diǎn)；而搜尋要找的人或物時(shí)，要加介詞for。belongto屬于(P2)(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①NothingcanchangethefactthattheDiaoyuIslandsbelongChina.②Asisknowntous,Chinaisacountry(belong)totheThirdWorld.③Havingsoldmostofhis(belong),healmosthadnothingleftinthehouse.答案：①to②belonging③belongings(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換Atigerisalargefierceanimalbelongingtothecatfamily.→Atigerisalargefierceanimalthecatfamily.答案：which/thatbelongstoasense/feelingofbelonging歸屬感belongingsn.所有物；財(cái)產(chǎn)[名師點(diǎn)津](1)belongto中to為介詞，后接名詞或代詞。(2)belongto無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不用進(jìn)行時(shí)。作后置定語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用現(xiàn)在分詞，有類似用法的短語(yǔ)還包括：datebackto/datefrom(追溯到)，consistof(由……組成)等inreturn作為回報(bào)(P2)用return和turn相關(guān)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空①，shereceivedasenseofsatisfactionandachievement.②Hespendstoomuchtimeonmaths,andthisaffectstheprogressofhisothersubjects.③Itisourresponsibilitytotakecareofoursickmother.④Igavehimmyfavouritebookhistimelyhelp.答案：①Inreturn②inturn③byturns④inreturnfor(1)inreturnfor...作為對(duì)……的回報(bào)returnlikeforlike以牙還牙(2)inturn依次；相應(yīng)地；轉(zhuǎn)而byturns輪流地；交替地FrederickWilliamI,theKingofPrussia,couldneverhaveimaginedthathisgreatestgifttotheRussianpeoplewouldhavesuchanamazinghistory.(P1)單句寫作①他本可以在大城市有一份高薪工作，但是他喜歡在寧?kù)o的村子里教書。Heajobwithahigherpayinbigcities,buthelikedteachinginthepeacefulvillage.②從他的評(píng)論來看，他不可能去過清明上河園。Judgingfromhisremarks,hetheMillenniumCityPark.③在來新學(xué)校前我本沒有必要擔(dān)心，因?yàn)檫@兒的同學(xué)對(duì)我很友好。IbeforeIcametothenewschool,formyclassmateshereareveryfriendlytome.④——去年夏天我在倫敦待了兩周?！敲丛诖似陂g你一定參觀過大英博物館了，是嗎？—IspenttwoweeksinLondonlastsummer.—ThenyoutheBritishMuseumduringyourstay,didn'tyou?答案：①couldhavegot②couldn'thavevisited③needn'thaveworried④musthavevisited在句中couldhavedonesth.表示對(duì)過去情況的推測(cè)，意為“可能做過某事”。該結(jié)構(gòu)還表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，意為“本來能夠去做某事卻沒有做”。有類似用法的結(jié)構(gòu)還有：(1)couldn't/can'thavedone對(duì)過去情況的否定推測(cè)，表示“不可能做了某事”。(2)musthavedone對(duì)過去情況的肯定推測(cè)，表示“肯定做了某事”。(3)may/mighthavedone對(duì)過去情況的推測(cè)，表示“可能做了某事”。(4)needn'thavedone(過去)本不必做某事(實(shí)際做了)。(5)should/shouldn'thavedone(過去)本應(yīng)/本不應(yīng)做某事(實(shí)際未做/做了)。ThereisnodoubtthattheboxeswerethenputonatrainforK?nigsberg,whichwasatthattimeaGermancityontheBalticSea.(P2)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thereisnodoubtoureducationalsystemleavestoomuchtobeimproved.②Thereissomedoubtheissuitableforthejob.③Youcanplain,butIdoubtitwillmakeanydifference.答案：①that②whether③if/whetherThereisnodoubtthat...為固定句型，意為“毫無(wú)疑問……”，that后面的從句為同位語(yǔ)從句，說明doubt的內(nèi)容。[名師點(diǎn)津](1)doubt用作名詞時(shí)，在肯定句中用whether(不可用if)引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句；在否定句中用that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。(2)動(dòng)詞doubt在肯定句中，后多跟if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句；在否定和疑問句中后跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。Inatrial,ajudgemustdecidewhicheyewitnessestobelieveandwhichnottobelieve.(P5)單句寫作①?gòu)慕處煹挠^點(diǎn)來看，應(yīng)該由孩子來決定讀什么和怎么讀。Fromtheteacher'spointofview,childrenshouldbelefttodecide.②何時(shí)何地去郊游還沒有決定。hasn'tbeendecided.③當(dāng)今，有各種各樣的詞典可供英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者選擇。Today'sEnglishlearnershaveawidechoiceofdictionaries.答案：①whattoreadandhowtoread②Whenandwheretogoonanouting③fromwhichtochoose“疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)可在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等。(1)在“疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式必須用主動(dòng)形式而不能用被動(dòng)形式。(2)whether后可接不定式，而if不可。[名師點(diǎn)津]疑問代詞(who,which除外)后面須跟及物動(dòng)詞；若是不及物動(dòng)詞，后面須跟相應(yīng)的介詞。疑問副詞后可以接不及物動(dòng)詞；若接及物動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞不定式須有自己的賓語(yǔ)。課文語(yǔ)法填空分鐘TheAmberRoombelongedtooneofthe1(wonder)oftheworld.Originally2(design)forthepalaceofFrederickⅠ，ittookthecountry'sbestartistsabouttenyearstofinishit.Everyonethought3(high)ofitsstyleanddesign.Severaltonsofamberaswellasgoldandjewels4(use)tomakeit,sonowonderitwasworthalotofmoney.Butlater,thenextkingdecidedtogiveitasagifttotheRussianEmperor,whogavePrussiaatroopoftheirbestsoldiers5return.6(fortunate),duringtheSecondWorldWar,theNaziGermanywasalsoatwarwithRussia.In1941,Germanyinvaded(入侵)Russiabysurprise,andtheRussianshadnotime7(remove)anythingfromtheAmberRoomexceptsomesmallobjects.WhentheNazissawtheAmberRoom,therewasnodoubt8theylikeditsomuchthattheytookitapartandputitonatraintoGermany.Sincethen,thewholeworld9(be)insearchoftheAmberRoom.Nooneknowswhathappenedtoitand10itstillsurvivesnow.Maybeitwillremainamysteryforever.1．2.3.4.5.6．7.8.9.10.答案：1.wonders2.designed3.highly4.wereused5.in6.Unfortunately7.toremove8.that9.hasbeen10.whether/if▲ittakes/tooksb.＋時(shí)間＋todosth.“做某事花了某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”▲high既可以作形容詞也可作副詞，highly只可作副詞。它們用作副詞時(shí)的區(qū)別是：high表示具體的“高”；而highly表示抽象的“高”。類似用法的還有deep與deeply；wide與widely等?！鳤aswellasB作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與A看齊，即“就遠(yuǎn)原則”?！硎尽叭绱恕灾劣凇?，可用以下兩種方式：so＋adj./adv.＋that從句such＋n.＋that從句隨堂檢測(cè)分鐘Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Thelittleproblemswemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.答案：that2．Myeldestson,worktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.答案：whose3．Itwasclearly(evidence)thatthepanywasingreatdifficulties.答案：evident4．Perhapsthebiggestchallengeishow(survive)withoutfriendsinlife.答案：tosurvive5．Idon'treallyfancy(do)businesswithhim.答案：doing6．Hewasseverelycriticizedand(remove)fromhispost.答案：removed7．We(face)thedifficultytogether,butwhydidn'tyoutellme?答案：couldhavefaced8．Alltheworkers(belong)tothefactorymustobeytherule.答案：belonging9．She(search)invainforherpassport.答案：searched10．The(form)optionwouldbemuchmoresensible.答案：formerⅡ.教材微寫作A．根據(jù)提示完成句子1．眾所周知，文化遺產(chǎn)屬于全人類而不是個(gè)人。(belongto;ratherthan)答案：It'swell-knownthatculturalrelicsbelongtothehumanbeingratherthanindividuals.2．有些人想方設(shè)法尋找它們，并非法占有它們。(searchfor)答案：Somepeopletrytheirbest/takegreatpainstosearchforthemandtakepossessionofthemillegally.3．其中一些文化遺產(chǎn)已遭破壞，只有少數(shù)幸免于難。(survive)答案：Someoftheculturalrelicshavebeendamagedwhileonlyafewsurvive.4．我們每一個(gè)人都應(yīng)盡最大努力避免它們?cè)獾狡茐摹?makeefforts)答案：Everyoneofusshouldmakeeffortstoprotectthemfrombei