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遼寧省大連市2023年中考英語(yǔ)真題一、單項(xiàng)填空,從各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。(本題共12小題,每小題1分,共12分)1.—HowlonghaveyoulearnedEnglish?—____sixyears.A.In B.For C.At D.From【解析】【分析】句意:——你學(xué)英語(yǔ)多久了?——六年了。A.In用于年/月/季節(jié)或泛指某一天的上午,下午和晚上前;B.For后接一段時(shí)間;C.At用于具體的鐘點(diǎn)前;D.From來(lái)自。根據(jù)sixyears可知,指的是一段時(shí)間,故選B。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查介詞辨析。注意識(shí)記用于時(shí)間前面的介詞的用法。2.TheRobinsonsloveseeingtheworld.____havebeentomanyinterestingplaces.A.We B.They C.You D.I【解析】【分析】句意:羅賓遜一家喜歡周游世界。他們?nèi)ミ^(guò)許多有趣的地方。A.We我們;B.They他們;C.You你們,你;D.I我??仗幾髦髡Z(yǔ),指代TheRobinsons,應(yīng)用人稱代詞they,故選B。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查代詞辨析。注意分析句子,找出指代的內(nèi)容,再確定相應(yīng)的代詞。3.—____canyouseefromtheLondonEye?—OnacleardaymostofLondon.A.Where B.How C.Why D.What【解析】【分析】句意:——從倫敦眼你能看到什么?——在晴朗的日子里,大部分倫敦地區(qū)。A.Where在哪里;B.How怎么樣;C.Why為什么;D.What什么。根據(jù)OnacleardaymostofLondon可知,此處詢問(wèn)能看到什么,故選D。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查疑問(wèn)詞辨析,注意熟悉常見(jiàn)的疑問(wèn)詞含義及用法,再根據(jù)題干即可作出選擇。4.Look!Thechildren____adragondancewithmygrandpaintheplayground.A.learn B.learned C.a(chǎn)relearning D.willlearn【解析】【分析】句意:看!孩子們正在操場(chǎng)上和我爺爺學(xué)舞龍。A.learn學(xué)習(xí),一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);B.learned學(xué)習(xí),一般過(guò)去時(shí);C.arelearning學(xué)習(xí),現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí);D.willlearn學(xué)習(xí),一般將來(lái)時(shí)。根據(jù)Look!可知,此處強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生,使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),主語(yǔ)為Thechildren,be動(dòng)詞用are,故選C。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。注意look是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞。5.TheDanubeisinariverinEurope.It____throughVienna.A.willgo B.went C.goes D.hasgone【解析】【分析】句意:多瑙河是歐洲的一條河。它流經(jīng)維也納。A.willgo一般將來(lái)時(shí);B.went一般過(guò)去時(shí);C.goes一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);D.hasgone現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。此處陳述客觀事實(shí),使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語(yǔ)為it,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式,故選C。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。注意一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)通常表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或客觀事實(shí),注意一些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的用法,結(jié)合語(yǔ)境,完成試題。6.—____youcookdishes?—Yes,Ican.Buttheyaresimple.A.Can B.Would C.Need D.Could【解析】【分析】句意:——你會(huì)做飯嗎?——是的,我會(huì)。但它們很簡(jiǎn)單。A.Can能;B.Would將會(huì);C.Need需要;D.Could能,can的過(guò)去式。根據(jù)Yes,Ican可知,一般疑問(wèn)句用Can開(kāi)頭,故選A。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。注意情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在句中不受人稱、性別、單復(fù)數(shù)變化的影響,但是要考慮時(shí)態(tài),交際用法等。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境,選擇正確答案。7.Historyismyfavoritesubject____it'sveryinteresting.A.if B.though C.when D.because【解析】【分析】句意:歷史是我最喜歡的科目,因?yàn)樗苡腥ぁ.if如果;B.though盡管;C.when當(dāng)……時(shí)候;D.because因?yàn)?。根?jù)it'sveryinteresting可知,很有趣是喜歡歷史的原因,用because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,故選D。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查連詞辨析。注意熟悉原因狀語(yǔ)從句的用法。8.Nowadaystravelingbyhigh-speedtrainisas____astravelingbyairinChina.A.popular B.morepopularC.mostpopular D.themostpopular【解析】【分析】句意:如今在中國(guó),坐高鐵和坐飛機(jī)一樣受歡迎。popular流行的,A.形容詞原級(jí);B.形容詞比較級(jí);C.形容詞原級(jí);D.形容詞最高級(jí)。此處使用了as...as結(jié)構(gòu),意為"和……一樣",應(yīng)使用形容詞原級(jí),故選A。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查形容詞原級(jí)。注意固定搭配as+x形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+as的用法。9.TheQatarWorldCup____fromNovember21toDecember18lastyear.A.holds B.held C.washeld D.isheld【解析】【分析】句意:卡塔爾世界杯于去年11月21日至12月18日舉行。hold舉行。A.holds一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);B.held一般過(guò)去時(shí);C.washeld一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);D.isheld一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)lastyear可知,此處為一般過(guò)去時(shí),主語(yǔ)TheQatarWorldCup,是動(dòng)作的承受者,需用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),故選C。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。熟悉一般過(guò)去時(shí)的常見(jiàn)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)lastyear,yesterday,inthepast等。10.Allofus____greatprogresssincewestartedjuniorhighschool.A.a(chǎn)remaking B.made C.willmake D.havemade【解析】【分析】句意:自從我們開(kāi)始上初中以來(lái),我們都取得了很大的進(jìn)步。固定搭配,makeprogress,意為"取得進(jìn)步"。A.aremaking現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí);B.made一般過(guò)去時(shí);C.willmake一般將來(lái)時(shí);D.havemade現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。根據(jù)sincewestartedjuniorhighschool可知,此處使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),故選D。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。注意結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)以及語(yǔ)境準(zhǔn)確判斷應(yīng)使用的時(shí)態(tài)。11.—Doyouknow____DalianLaohutanOceanPark?—NextSunday.A.whenwewillvisit B.whenwillwevisitC.whenwevisited D.whendidwevisit【解析】【分析】句意:——你知道我們什么時(shí)候去參觀大連老虎灘海洋公園嗎?——下周日。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,know后面接的是賓語(yǔ)從句,使用陳述句語(yǔ)序,排除B項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng),根據(jù)NextSunday可知,詢問(wèn)將來(lái)發(fā)生的事情,使用一般將來(lái)時(shí),故選A。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。注意賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序?yàn)殛愂鼍湔Z(yǔ)序,主句為過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài),從句必須是過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài),主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句任何時(shí)態(tài)都可以。12.—Dad,canIborrowyourcamera?—Oh,yes.____A.Nevermind. B.Hereitis!C.You'rewelcome! D.I'dloveto.【解析】【分析】句意:——爸爸,我能借你的相機(jī)嗎?——哦,可以。給你。A.Nevermind.沒(méi)關(guān)系;B.Hereitis!給你;C.You'rewelcome!不客氣;D.I'dloveto.我愿意。根據(jù)Oh,yes.可知,此處表示答應(yīng)借給對(duì)方,所以應(yīng)該回答"給你",故選B。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查情景交際。注意先理解句意,再根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和選項(xiàng)意思確定答案。二、完形填空(本題共8小題,每小題2分,共16分)閱讀下面短文,理解其大意,然后從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。Howlongissansheintheidiomtuibisanshe(退避三舍)?Inancienttimes,shewasaunitofdistance(距離).Onesheisas13.a(chǎn)s30li.Oneliis500metersand30liis15,000meters.Sosansheis45kilometers.Thereisastorybehindthisidiom.DuringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod(770BC—476BC),PrinceChong'eroftheJinStateranawayfromhishomestate.He14.totraveltootherstates.Once,hewenttothestateofChu.King,ChengwangofChusawhimasanimportantguestand15.himafeast(盛宴).HeaskedChong'er,"IfyourulestateofJinoneday,howwouldyouthankme?""Itseemsyourstatehaseverythingyouwant.Ihavenothingthatyoulike,"Chong'ersaid.However,theking16.a(chǎn)skedforsomething.Finally,Chong'ersaid,"Iwouldaskmysoldierstoretreat(撤退)sansheifweeverfight."Later,Chong'er17.tohishomestateofJinandbecameitsrulercalledWengong.Bothofthetwo18.wantedtobecomestrongerandgetmoreland.Theywenttowarwitheachother.JinWengongdidn't19.hispromise.HeaskedhissoldierstoretreatsansheinChengpu.TheChusoldiersthoughtthattheJinsoldierswereafraidtofight,sotheyfollowedthem.Totheirsurprise,theJinsoldierssurrounded(包圍)them.20.,Jinwonthewar.ThiswasthefamousBattleofChengpu.Afterthiswar,peopleusedtuibisanshetomeanretreatingtoavoidaconflict(沖突).13.A.much B.large C.far D.fast14.A.offered B.wanted C.failed D.promised15.A.served B.passed C.showed D.paid16.A.a(chǎn)lways B.a(chǎn)lready C.just D.still17.A.moved B.returned C.walked D.got18.A.persons B.countries C.friends D.states19.A.break B.make C.keep D.a(chǎn)ccept20.A.Infact B.AtfirstC.Intheend D.Aboveall【解析】【分析】文章大意:本文介紹了成語(yǔ)"退避三舍"的含義以及成語(yǔ)背后的故事。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查完形填空。首先通讀一遍文章,跳過(guò)缺失的單詞,再根據(jù)上下文來(lái)判斷所缺單詞的含義,最后對(duì)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行區(qū)別,選出正確的那一項(xiàng)。13.句意:一舍遠(yuǎn)至三十里。A.much多的;B.large大的;C.far遠(yuǎn)的;D.fast快的。根據(jù)上文Inancienttimes,shewasaunitofdistance(距離).可知,要填的詞和距離有關(guān),asfaras為固定短語(yǔ),意為"遠(yuǎn)至",故選C。14.句意:他想去其他國(guó)家旅行。A.offered主動(dòng)提出;B.wanted想要;C.failed失??;D.promised承諾,保證。根據(jù)上文PrinceChong'eroftheJinStateranawayfromhishomestate.可知,此處指重耳想去其他國(guó)家旅行,故選B。15.句意:有一次,他去了楚國(guó),楚王成王把他當(dāng)作重要的客人,宴請(qǐng)他。A.served提供;B.passed經(jīng)過(guò);C.showed展示;D.paid支付。根據(jù)King,ChengwangofChusawhimasanimportantguest可知,國(guó)王為他提供盛宴,故選A。16.句意:然而,國(guó)王還是問(wèn)了一些事情。A.always總是;B.already已經(jīng);C.just只是;D.still仍然。根據(jù)"Itseemsyourstatehaseverythingyouwant.Ihavenothingthatyoulike,"Chong'ersaid.可知,楚王還是問(wèn)了一些事情,故選D。17.句意:后來(lái),重耳回到了自己的家鄉(xiāng)晉國(guó),成為了晉國(guó)的統(tǒng)治者文公。A.moved移動(dòng);B.returned返回;C.walked散步;D.got得到。根據(jù)becameitsrulercalledWengong.可知,重耳回到了自己的家鄉(xiāng)晉國(guó),故選B。18.句意:兩個(gè)國(guó)家都變得更強(qiáng)大,獲得更多的土地。A.persons人;B.countries國(guó)家;C.friends朋友;D.states國(guó)家(尤用于討論政治事務(wù)時(shí))。根據(jù)上文hishomestateofJin可知,此處是信息詞state的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn),故選D。19.句意:晉文公沒(méi)有食言。A.break打破;B.make制作;C.keep保持;D.accept接受。根據(jù)下文HeaskedhissoldierstoretreatsansheinChengpu.可知,晉文公沒(méi)有食言,breakone'spromise為固定短語(yǔ),意為"違背諾言",故選A。20.句意:最后,晉國(guó)贏得了這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。A.Infact事實(shí)上;B.Atfirst首先;C.Intheend最后;D.Aboveall最重要的是。根據(jù)上文Theywenttowarwitheachother.和下文Jinwonthewar.可知,最終,晉國(guó)贏了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),故選C。三、閱讀理解(一)A.閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(本題共13小題,每小題2分,共26分)閱讀理解TEENAGERFORUM(論壇)SchoolEducationSigninSignupSTARTATOPICWilde17:25Feb.18,2023Ifyoucouldaddonecompulsory(必修)subjectatyourschool,whatwoulditbe?Why?Lucy18:30Feb.18,2023Asubjectthatgivesstudentsabetterunderstandingofthemselves.Accordingtosomesurveys(調(diào)查),manymiddleschoolstudentsdon'thaveadream.Apersonwithoutadreamislikeashipsailingwithoutcompass(指南針).Teachingstudentstounderstandthemselvesbettercanhelpthemdiscovertheirstrenghsandweaknesses.Then,theywillhavemoreconfidenceandaclearerdirectioninlife.LIKE(38)REPLYWilliam19:20Feb.18,2023Iwouldsuggestaddingsignlanguage(手語(yǔ)).Notmanypeopleknowhowtocommunicatewiththosewhohavehearingproblems.Itwouldbeveryhelpfulifwecouldstarttolearnsignlanguagewhenweareyoung.Thiswouldteachustotreatthosewhoarelessfortunate(幸運(yùn)的)withrespect(尊重).LIKE(17)REPLYJustin19:46Feb.18,2023I'dsuggestaddingatime-managementclass.Nowadays,manystudentsareaddictedto(上癮)theirphones.Someofthemsleeplatebecausetheycan'tbalancetheirstudieswithgaming.Atime-managementclasswillhelpstudentslearn"firstthingsfirst".Thiswillhelpmakesurethattheyleadahealthylife.LIKE(58)REPLY21.Lucythinksmiddleschoolstudentsneedto____.A.getonwellwitheachother B.knowtheirinterestsC.understandthemselvesbetter D.havemoreconfidence22.FromWilliam'ssuggestion,weknowhecaresaboutthosewho____.A.likeplayinggamesB.havedifficultyinlearningC.havehearingproblemsD.haveacleardirectioninlife23.WhatisJustin'ssuggestion?A.Learningsignlanguage.B.Startingdifferentschoolclubs.C.HavingmoreITlessons.D.Addingatime-managementclass.24.Whataretheymainlytalkingabout?A.Adviceforschoollife.B.Onemoresubjectatschool.C.After-schoolactivities.D.Popularsubjectsamongstudents.【解析】【分析】文章大意:本文主要展示了在一個(gè)論壇網(wǎng)頁(yè)中學(xué)生們對(duì)新開(kāi)課提建議的帖子。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。首先理解文章大意,閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)容,仔細(xì)核對(duì),選擇符合原文的答案,完成后再次閱讀并檢查。21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個(gè)帖子中Teachingstudentstounderstandthemselvesbettercanhelpthemdiscovertheirstrenghsandweaknesses.可知,露西認(rèn)為中學(xué)生需要更好地了解自己,故選C。22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三個(gè)帖子中Iwouldsuggestaddingsignlanguage(手語(yǔ)).Notmanypeopleknowhowtocommunicatewiththosewhohavehearingproblems.可知,從威廉的建議中,我們知道他關(guān)心那些有聽(tīng)力問(wèn)題的人,故選C。23.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四個(gè)帖子I'dsuggestaddingatime-managementclass.可知,Justin建議增加時(shí)間管理課程,故選D。24.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一個(gè)帖子Ifyoucouldaddonecompulsorysubjectatyourschool,whatwoulditbe?Why?可知,他們主要討論的是在學(xué)校增加一門課程,故選B。閱讀理解Raywasanaughty(淘氣的)student.Buthewassmartandhard-working.Andheneverlostaraceorachessgame.Healwayscamefirstinschool.Hewassopleasedwithhimselfthathewouldalwaysrefusetohelpothers."Ray,areyouabletogotothemarketandbuysomeeggs?"askedhismother.Raygaveanexcuseandrefused,"Sorry,Mom.Iwouldbebusywithmyhomework."Jack,oneofRay'sfriends,wantedhishelpandasked,"Pleasehelpmesolvethismathproblem.""Youmustuseyourbrainandsolveityourself."repliedthearrogant(傲慢的)Ray.OnlyonethingwasimportanttoRay.Hisprecious(珍貴的)pen!Heconsidereditashisluckypen.ButonedayRaylostthepen.WorriedRaylookedeverywhereforthepen,butcouldn'tfindit.Helplessly,hewenttohismotherforhelp,"Mom,Ilostmyluckypen!Pleasehelpmefindit.Ihaveatesttomorrow."Hismotherignored(不理睬)hisrequestandsaid,"I'msorry.I'mgoingoutwithAuntyChristme."Withtearsrollingdownhiseyes.Rayaskedhisfriendforhelp,"Ihavelostmyluckypen.Icannotfinishthetestwithoutit.Pleasehelpmefindit!""I'msorry,Ray.Ihavetorevisefortomorrow'stest.Idon'thavetimetowaste."Jackreplied.Raysatathisdesk,cryinghiseyesout,whenhismotherwalkedintogivehisluckypentohim."Ifounditunderthesofainthedrawingroom."saidhismother."Manythanks.Mom!"saidRay.Andthus,Raylearnthislesson.Afterthatday,Rayhelpedeveryonewhenpossibleforhim.25.ToRay'smotherandJack,Raywas____.A.perfect B.unhelpful C.careless D.warm-hearted26.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutRay?A.Hetoldliestohismother.B.Herefusedhisfriend'shelp.C.Hehelpedhisfriendwithmath.D.Heneededhelptofindhispen.27.HowdidRaylearnhislesson?A.Bytakingatest. B.Byhelpingothers.C.Bysharingkindness. D.Byexperiencingworries.28.WhatcanwelearnfromthePassage?A.Askingforhelpnecessary.B.Helpingothersbringshappiness.C.Helpingothersistohelpourselves.D.Lookingforexcusesforourselvesuseless.【解析】【分析】文章大意:本文主要講述了一個(gè)聰明優(yōu)秀但又自私的男孩Ray,因?yàn)閬G失了自己心愛(ài)的幸運(yùn)筆,在獲得了別人的幫助下明白了自私是不對(duì)的。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。首先通讀全文,了解全文大意,其次分析問(wèn)題,抓住問(wèn)題關(guān)鍵詞,在文中尋找相關(guān)信息,確定答案,最后再檢查一遍,確保答案正確。25.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段Raygaveanexcuseandrefused,"Sorry,Mom.Iwouldbebusywithmyhomework."和文章第三段"Youmustuseyourbrainandsolveityourself."repliedthearrogant(傲慢的)Ray.可知,對(duì)于Ray的母親和Jack來(lái)說(shuō),Ray不幫什么忙,故選B。26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段"Mom,Ilostmyluckypen!Pleasehelpmefindit.Ihaveatesttomorrow."和文章第六段"Ihavelostmyluckypen.Icannotfinishthetestwithoutit.Pleasehelpmefindit!"可知,Ray需要人幫忙找到他的筆,故選D。27.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段Hismotherignored(不理睬)hisrequestandsaid,"I'msorry.I'mgoingoutwithAuntyChristme."、文章第六段"I'msorry,Ray.Ihavetorevisefortomorrow'stest.Idon'thavetimetowaste."Jackreplied.和文章第七段Raysatathisdesk,cryinghiseyesout可知,根據(jù)媽媽和Jack的反應(yīng)以及Ray自己哭的行為可知,Ray從憂慮中吸取了教訓(xùn),故選D。28.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段Hewassopleasedwithhimselfthathewouldalwaysrefusetohelpothers.和文章最后一段Afterthatday,Rayhelpedeveryonewhenpossibleforhim.可知,我們從文章中可以學(xué)到幫助別人就是幫助自己,故選C。閱讀理解InPontevedra,Spain,peopledon'tshout.Sincecarsarenotallowedinthecity,therearenohorns(喇叭)ornoisesfromcarengines.Peopledon'thavetotryhardtomakethemselvesheard.Whatyouhearinthestreet,instead,isthesingingofbirds."Listen,"saysMiguelLores,themayor(市長(zhǎng)),openingthewindowsofhisoffice.Fromthestreetbelowrisesthesoundofhumanvoices."Morethan14,000carsusedtopassalongthisstreeteveryday.Thereweremorecarspassingthroughthecityinadaythanpeoplelivinghere.Loresbecamemayorin1999.Hespentmonthswalkingaroundthecity."Thehistoricalcityisdead,"hesaidoneday."Itisfullofcars.Itisheavilypolluted.Therearealotoftrafficaccidents.Theelderlyandchildrenaren'tabletousethestreetsbecauseofcars.Peoplewhohadachancetoleavehavedoneso."Atfirst,Loresthoughtofimprovingtrafficconditions.However,hecouldn'tcomeupwithagoodplan.Afterlotsofdiscussions,thegovernmentfinallydecidedtogetridof(清除)cars.ThechangehasbroughtPontevedramanybenefits.Trafficaccidentsarenowrare(罕見(jiàn)的).CO2emissions(排放物)aredownby70%.Manypeoplearemovingtothecity,makingitlivelyagain.Mostlocalpeoplelikethechange.RamiroArmesto,amotheroftwoyoungchildren,said,"Inthepast,thefirstthingtoseeinthemorningwastrafficjams.Now,thecityiscleaner,quieterandsafer."RaquelGarcia,anotherparent,saidshehadstayedinmanycitiesaroundtheworld.However,shehadneverlivedinacityas"easytolivein"asPontevedra."Evenifit'sraining,Iwalkeverywhere.Thefeelingiswonderful,"sheadded.29.FromParagraph1,weknowPontevedraisa(n)____cityinSpain.A.a(chǎn)ncient B.quiet C.busy D.crowded30.ForLores,whatwasthecityPontevedra'smainproblem?A.Thehistoricalcitywasdead.B.Therewerelotsoftrafficaccidents.C.Manypeoplewereleavingthecity.D.Thereweretoomanycarsinthecity.31.Theunderlinedword"benefits"probablymeans"____"inEnglish.A.choices B.a(chǎn)dvantages C.problems D.symbols32.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Toshowhowpeoplelikethechange.B.Toletmorecitiesfollowthechange.C.Toexplainwhatpeoplethinkofthecity.D.TotellwhypeoplelikelivinginPontevedra.33.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Acitywithoutcars. B.Thepathtoacity'sprogress.C.Agoodplanforacity. D.ThechangesofPontevedra.【解析】【分析】文章大意:本文主要講述了西班牙的城市——Pontevedra發(fā)生的巨大變化。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題、詞義猜測(cè)題和主旨大意題四種??碱}型,細(xì)節(jié)理解題要注意從文中尋找答案;推理判斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文,推斷出需要的信息;詞句猜測(cè)題要結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境進(jìn)行判斷;主旨大意題需要找到主旨句或者總結(jié)全文內(nèi)容得出答案。29.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段InPontevedra,Spain,peopledon'tshout.Sincecarsarenotallowedinthecity,therearenohorns(喇叭)ornoisesfromcarengines.和Whatyouhearinthestreet,instead,isthesingingofbirds.可知,Pontevedra在西班牙是一個(gè)安靜的城市,故選B。30.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段Itisfullofcars.Itisheavilypolluted.Therearealotoftrafficaccidents.Theelderlyandchildrenaren'tabletousethestreetsbecauseofcars.Peoplewhohadachancetoleavehavedoneso.可知,對(duì)于Lores來(lái)說(shuō),Pontevedra的主要問(wèn)題是汽車太多了,故選D。31.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文Trafficaccidentsarenowrare(罕見(jiàn)的).CO2emissions(排放物)aredownby70%.Manypeoplearemovingtothecity,makingitlivelyagain.可知,交通事故現(xiàn)在很少了。二氧化碳排放量下降了70%。許多人搬到這個(gè)城市,使它又活躍起來(lái)了。這是這個(gè)城市禁止汽車之后的好處,由此可知,benefits意為"好處",故選B。32.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Mostlocalpeoplelikethechange.可知,最后一段的目的是為了顯示人們對(duì)這種變化的喜愛(ài),故選D。33.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段InPontevedra,Spain,peopledon'tshout.Sincecarsarenotallowedinthecity,therearenohorns(喇叭)ornoisesfromcarengines.以及全文內(nèi)容可知,本文主要講述了Pontevedra從一個(gè)街上擠滿汽車到變成街上沒(méi)有汽車行駛的城市,并闡述了街上沒(méi)有汽車的好處,以及這一變化獲得了當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦闹С?,所以最佳?biāo)題為"沒(méi)有汽車的城市",故選A。四、閱讀理解,B.閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后所給的六個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),使短文意思完整、連貫,有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。(8分)Passage4閱讀理解Therightwaytobreathe(呼吸)duringexerciseExercisingisgreatforyourhealth-everyoneknowsthis.Howeversimplyexercisingisn'tenough.Itneedstobedoneproperly.Whileexercising,makingsureyourbreathingiscorrectisveryimportant.Naturally,webreathethroughournose.34.Notreally.Breathingthroughyournosehasitsadvantages.Yournosehairactslikeanairfilter(過(guò)濾器).Breathingthroughyournosealsowarmsandmoistens(使……濕潤(rùn))theair.However,whenyouexercise,youshouldalwaysmakesurethatyouaretakinginenoughoxygen(氧氣).Youcanbreathethroughyournosewhiledoinglighterexerciselikeyoga.Duringmoreheavyexercise,suchasrunning,itisbettertobreathethroughyourmouth.35.However,mostpeopleusuallytakequickerbreathswhiledoinganyheavyexercise.36.Quickerbreathingisnotaproperwayofbreathing.Thiscancausedizziness(頭暈)andotherhealthproblems.Infact,whiledoingexerciselikerunning,oneshouldbreatheina3:2ratio(比率).Thismeansthatforthefirstthreesteps,thepersonshouldbeinhaling(吸氣)deeply.Forthenexttwosteps,thepersonshouldbeexhaling(呼氣)fully.Inthiswayyoucantakeinthelargestamountofoxygen.37.Whileweoftenbreathethroughournose,breathingthroughourmouthisagoodchoiceaswell.Sometimespeopleuseboththeirnoseandmouthtobreathe.Whiledoinganyexercise,yourbreathsshouldbedeep,ratherthanquick.Thiswillhelpyoutoburnmorefatandkeepyoufitter.A.Let'sgooverthebasicpointsonemoretime.B.Generallyspeakingsimplyexercisingisn'tenough.C.Thisisoneofthemostcommonmistakesthatpeoplemakewhileexercising.D.However,doyouknowtherightwaytobreatheduringexercise?E.Bydoingso,youcantakeinahigheramountofairandthusoxygen.F.Butwhenyouexercise,isbreathingthroughthenosealwaysthebestchoice?【解析】【分析】文章大意:本文主要介紹了在鍛煉期間正確的呼吸方式。
A.Let'sgooverthebasicpointsonemoretime.讓我們?cè)購(gòu)?fù)習(xí)一遍基本要點(diǎn)。
B.Generallyspeakingsimplyexercisingisn'tenough.一般來(lái)說(shuō),僅僅鍛煉是不夠的。
C.Thisisoneofthemostcommonmistakesthatpeoplemakewhileexercising.這是人們?cè)阱憻挄r(shí)最常犯的錯(cuò)誤之一。
D.However,doyouknowtherightwaytobreatheduringexercise?但是,你知道運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)正確的呼吸方式嗎?
E.Bydoingso,youcantakeinahigheramountofairandthusoxygen.通過(guò)這樣做,你可以吸入更多的空氣和氧氣。
F.Butwhenyouexercise,isbreathingthroughthenosealwaysthebestchoice?但是當(dāng)你鍛煉時(shí),用鼻子呼吸總是最好的選擇嗎?
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查任務(wù)型閱讀。首先確定選項(xiàng)的意思,然后通讀文章,聯(lián)系上下文語(yǔ)境,做出答案。34.根據(jù)上文意思:自然地,我們用鼻子呼吸。可知應(yīng)是說(shuō)的是:但是當(dāng)你鍛煉時(shí),用鼻子呼吸總是最好的選擇嗎?故選F。35.根據(jù)上文意思:在更劇烈的運(yùn)動(dòng)中,比如跑步,最好用嘴呼吸。可知應(yīng)是說(shuō)的是:通過(guò)這樣做,你可以吸入更多的空氣和氧氣。故選E。36.根據(jù)上文意思:然而,大多數(shù)人通常在做劇烈運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)呼吸更快。可知應(yīng)是說(shuō)的是:這是人們?cè)阱憻挄r(shí)最常犯的錯(cuò)誤之一。故選C。37.根據(jù)下文意思:雖然我們經(jīng)常用鼻子呼吸,但用嘴呼吸也是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇。可知應(yīng)是說(shuō)的是:讓我們?cè)購(gòu)?fù)習(xí)一遍基本要點(diǎn)。故選A。五、情景交際(本題共5小題,每小題2分,共10分)根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容,從所給的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),使對(duì)話內(nèi)容完整,有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Tony:Hi,Tonyspeaking.Daming:Hi,Tony.38.Doyouwanttogotothemuseumthisweekend?Therewillbeanexhibitionthere.Tony:39.What'stheexhibitionabout?Daming:It'saboutanimalsindangerandwhatthegovernmentisdoingtoprotectthem.Tony:40.I'mdoingmyhomeworkaboutthat.Whattimewillitstart?Daming:Ateighto'clock.Tony:41.Daming:Athalfpastseven,outsidetheschoolgate.Tony:OK.42.Daming:Seeyou.A.Let'sgo.B.Sowhattimeshallwemeet?C.Seeyouthen.D.Oh,I'dliketoseeit.E.What'sthematter?F.ThisisDaming.G.Oh,it'sveryniceofyoutoaskme.【解析】【分析】本文是關(guān)于去博物館看瀕危動(dòng)物展覽的對(duì)話。
A.Let'sgo.讓我們走吧。
B.Sowhattimeshallwemeet?那我么什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面?
C.Seeyouthen.到時(shí)候見(jiàn)。
D.Oh,I'dliketoseeit.哦,我想去看看。
E.What'sthematter?發(fā)生了什么事?
F.ThisisDaming.我是大明。
G.Oh,it'sveryniceofyoutoaskme.哦,你能邀請(qǐng)我真是太好了。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查補(bǔ)全對(duì)話,做題時(shí)理解選項(xiàng)句意,根據(jù)提出的語(yǔ)境回答問(wèn)題,注意前后呼應(yīng),抓住關(guān)鍵詞。38.根據(jù)上文Hi,Tonyspeaking.你好,我是Tony。可知此處是在打電話,下文應(yīng)該是介紹自己,故選F。39.根據(jù)上文Doyouwanttogotothemuseumthisweekend?Therewillbeanexhibitionthere.這個(gè)周末你想去博物館嗎?那里將有一個(gè)展覽。可知對(duì)方邀請(qǐng)去博物館看展覽,出于禮貌,下文應(yīng)該是表示感謝,故選G。40.根據(jù)下文I'mdoingmyhomeworkaboutthat.Whattimewillitstart?我正在做關(guān)于這個(gè)的作業(yè)。什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始?可知,上文表示想要去看展覽,故選D。41.根據(jù)下文Athalfpastseven在七點(diǎn)半,可知上文詢問(wèn)時(shí)間,故選B。42.根據(jù)下文Seeyou.再見(jiàn)??芍衔膽?yīng)是再見(jiàn),故選C。六、詞匯運(yùn)用A.用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式完成下列句子。(本題共6小題,每小題1分,共6分)43.Myfatherworksasavolunteertoofferhelptothecommunity.(he)【解析】【分析】句意:我父親是一名志愿者,為社區(qū)提供幫助。he,他,人稱代詞主格,修飾名詞help需用形容詞性物主代詞his,故填his。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查代詞。注意形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞。44.Wedecidedtostayathomebecauseitwasheavily.(rain)【解析】【分析】句意:我們決定呆在家里,因?yàn)橛晗碌煤艽蟆ain,下雨,動(dòng)詞,此處表示"過(guò)去正在下雨",需用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),已有be動(dòng)詞was,空處需填現(xiàn)在分詞raining,故填raining。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。注意根據(jù)語(yǔ)境判斷動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。45.Whenyoudoyourhomeworkyouneedtowrite.(careful)【解析】【分析】句意:當(dāng)你做作業(yè)的時(shí)候,你需要仔細(xì)地寫。careful,仔細(xì)的,形容詞,修飾動(dòng)詞write需用副詞carefully,作狀語(yǔ),故填carefully。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查副詞。注意副詞修飾動(dòng)詞,形容詞,介詞短語(yǔ)或者整個(gè)句子。46.ScientistsaretryingtofindlifeonMarsbuttheyanythingyet.(notfind)【解析】【分析】句意:科學(xué)家們正試圖在火星上尋找生命,但他們還沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)任何東西。find,發(fā)現(xiàn),動(dòng)詞,此處表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響,使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),其基本構(gòu)成形式是:have/hasdone,主語(yǔ)為they,助動(dòng)詞用have,其否定形式是haven't,故填haven'tfound。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。注意根據(jù)語(yǔ)境判斷現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法。47.Themoreyougojogging,theyouwillfeel.Justtryit!(healthy)【解析】【分析】句意:你慢跑得越多,你就會(huì)感覺(jué)越健康。試試吧!healthy,健康的,形容詞,The+比較級(jí)……,the+比較級(jí)……為固定句型,表示"越……,就越……",空處需填形容詞比較級(jí),故填healthier。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查固定句型和形容詞比較級(jí)。注意固定句型The+比較級(jí)……,the+比較級(jí)……的用法。48.DuringamealintheWest,peopleuseandforksmostofthetime.(knife)【解析】【分析】句意:在西方吃飯時(shí),人們大多數(shù)時(shí)候使用刀叉。knife,刀,名詞,空處和forks并列,需填名詞作賓語(yǔ),knife為可數(shù)名詞,此處為名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填knives。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查名詞。注意名詞knife復(fù)數(shù)形式的拼寫。七、選詞填空(本題共10小題,每小題2分,共20分)閱讀下面短文,從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或短語(yǔ)并用其正確形式填空,使短文通順、意思完整。每個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)限用一次。ThefatherofChina'sspaceprogramimportantbeabletostopteachercenterQianXuesenwasoneofthegreatestChinesescientistsofmoderntimes.Peoplecallhimthe"fatherofChina'sspaceprogram"fortheworkhedidinhelpingdevelopthecountry'sfirstrockets(火箭),missiles(導(dǎo)彈)andsatellites(人造衛(wèi)星).HehelpedChinabecomea49.fortechnologyandenteranewspaceage.QianwasborninShanghaiin1911.HewenttoShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity,andthentookascholarshiptostudyattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)intheUSAin1935,Fromthere,hemovedtotheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology(Caltech),wherehebecameanexpert(專家)inaerodynamics(空氣動(dòng)力學(xué))andjetpropulsion(噴氣推進(jìn)).Oneofhisuniversity50.a(chǎn)tCaltechdescribedhimasageniusanunusuallycleverperson.QianstayedintheUSAduringtheSecondWorldWartodosomeworkonjetpropulsion,andhesoonbecameoneofthe51.rocketscientistsintheUSA.In1950,hedecidedtoreturntoChina,buttheAmericangovernmenttried52.himfromleavingandevenfrommovingaroundfreelyinCalifornia.Atlast,in1955,he53.returntoChina.workrememberbeginprojectsuccessfullyBackhome,Qianatonce54.helpingChinadevelopaspaceprogram.HestartedtheInstituteofMechanicsinBeijing,wherehetrainedyoungscientists.Heworkedonmanyimportantspace55..In1960,China'sfirstrocketandfirstmissilewerelaunched(發(fā)射)56..In1970,Chinalauncheditsfirstsatellite.ItislargelybecauseofQian's57.thatChinasoquicklydevelopedaspaceprogram,andbecameonlythethirdcountrytosendamannedrocketintospacein2003.Qianwatchedthisrocketlaunchontelevision.Hewasbyhewillalwaysbe58.forhisgreatcontributions(貢獻(xiàn)).Heworkingsohardforhiscountry,eventhroughdifficulttimes,helpingdevelopthespaceprogramthatpushedChinaintothefuture.【解析】【分析】文章大意:本文介紹了著名的科學(xué)家錢學(xué)森。
(1)important,重要的,beableto,能夠,stop,阻止,teacher,老師,center,中心
(2)work,工作,remember,記得,begin,開(kāi)始,project,項(xiàng)目,successfully,成功地
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查選詞填空,考查詞匯在語(yǔ)篇中的運(yùn)用能力。注意理解句意,首先讀一遍,然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境。49.句意:他幫助中國(guó)成為科技中心,并進(jìn)入了一個(gè)新的太空時(shí)代。根據(jù)andenteranewspaceage可知,他幫助中國(guó)成為科技中心,用center,中心,可數(shù)名詞,不定冠詞a修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,空處需填名詞center,作表語(yǔ),故填center。50.句意:他在加州理工學(xué)院的一位老師稱他為天才——一個(gè)異常聰明的人。根據(jù)Oneofhisuniversity可知,此處指他的一位大學(xué)老師,用teacher,老師,可數(shù)名詞,oneof后面接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填teachers。51.句意:錢在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間留在美國(guó)從事一些關(guān)于噴氣推進(jìn)的工作,他很快成為美國(guó)最重要的火箭科學(xué)家之一。根據(jù)QianstayedintheUSAduringtheSecondWorldWartodosomeworkonjetpropulsion可知,他成為重要的火箭科學(xué)家,用important,重要的,形容詞作定語(yǔ),修飾名詞rocketscientists,定冠詞the修飾形容詞最高級(jí),故填mostimportant。52.句意:1950年,他決定回國(guó),但美國(guó)政府試圖阻止他離開(kāi),甚至阻止他在加州自由活動(dòng)。根據(jù)hedecidedtoreturntoChina,buttheAmericangovernment可知,美國(guó)政府阻止他回國(guó),用stop,阻止,動(dòng)詞,trytodosth.為固定短語(yǔ),表示"試圖做某事",故填tostop。53.句意:終于,在1955年,他能夠回到中國(guó)。根據(jù)returntoChina.可知,他能回國(guó),固定短語(yǔ)beableto,表示"能夠",根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in1955可知,此處為一般過(guò)去時(shí),主語(yǔ)為he,be動(dòng)詞用was,故填wasableto。54.句意:回國(guó)后,錢立即開(kāi)始幫助中國(guó)發(fā)展太空計(jì)劃。根據(jù)HestartedtheInstituteofMechanicsinBeijing可知,他立刻開(kāi)始發(fā)展太空計(jì)劃,用begin,開(kāi)始,動(dòng)詞,結(jié)合started可知,此處陳述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情,使用一般過(guò)去時(shí),故填began。55.句意:他參致力于許多重要的太空項(xiàng)目。根據(jù)In1960,China'sfirstrocketandfirstmissilewerelaunched(發(fā)射)可知,他參與了很多太空項(xiàng)目,用project,項(xiàng)目,可數(shù)名詞,many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填projects。56.句意:1960年,中國(guó)第一枚火箭和第一枚導(dǎo)彈發(fā)射成功。根據(jù)1960,China'sfirstrocketandfirstmissilewerelaunched可知,中國(guó)第一枚火箭和第一枚導(dǎo)彈成功地發(fā)射了,用successfully,成功地,副詞修飾動(dòng)詞werelaunched,故填successfully。57.句意:很大程度上是由于錢的工作,中國(guó)如此迅速地發(fā)展了太空計(jì)劃,并成為世界上第三個(gè)將載人火箭送入太空的國(guó)家。根據(jù)thatChinasoquicklydevelopedaspaceprogram可知,中國(guó)太空計(jì)劃的迅速發(fā)展很大程度上是由于錢的工作,用work,工作,不可數(shù)名詞,名詞所有格Qian's后面接名詞,故填work。58.句意:他的偉大貢獻(xiàn)將永遠(yuǎn)被人們銘記。根據(jù)hisgreatcontributions可知,人們會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)記住他的偉大貢獻(xiàn),用remember,記得,動(dòng)詞,此處he和remember為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,需用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),空處需填過(guò)去分詞remembered,構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),故填remembered。選詞填空workrememberbeginprojectsuccessfullyBackhome,Qianatonce59.helpingChinadevelopaspaceprogram.HestartedtheInstituteofMechanicsinBeijing,wherehetrainedyoungscientists.Heworkedonmanyimportantspace60..In1960,China'sfirstrocketandfirstmissilewerelaunched(發(fā)射)61..In1970,Chinalauncheditsfirstsatellite.ItislargelybecauseofQian's62.thatChinasoquicklydevelopedaspaceprogram,andbecameonlythethirdcountrytosendamannedrocketintospacein2003.Qianwatchedthisrocketlaunchontelevision.Hewasbyhewillalwaysbe63.forhisgreatcontributions(貢獻(xiàn)).Heworkingsohardforhiscountry,eventhroughdifficulttimes,helpingdevelopthespaceprogramthatpushedChinaintothefuture.【解析】【分析】文章大意:本文介紹了著名的科學(xué)家錢學(xué)森。
work,工作,remember,記得,begin,開(kāi)始,project,項(xiàng)目,successfully,成功地
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查選詞填空,考查詞匯在語(yǔ)篇中的運(yùn)用能力。注意理解句意,首先讀一遍,然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境。59.句意:回國(guó)后,錢立即開(kāi)始幫助中國(guó)發(fā)展太空計(jì)劃。根據(jù)HestartedtheInstituteofMechanicsinBeijing可知,他立刻開(kāi)始發(fā)展太空計(jì)劃,用begin,開(kāi)始,動(dòng)詞,結(jié)合started可知,此處陳述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情,使用一般過(guò)去時(shí),故填began。60.句意:他參致力于許多重要的太空項(xiàng)目。根據(jù)In1960,China'sfirstrocketandfirstmissilewerelaunched(發(fā)射)可知,他參與了很多太空項(xiàng)目,用project,項(xiàng)目,可數(shù)名詞,many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填projects。61.句意:1960年,中國(guó)第一枚火箭和第一枚導(dǎo)彈發(fā)射成功。根據(jù)1960,China'sfirstrocketandfirstmissilewerelaunched可知,中國(guó)第一枚火箭和第一枚導(dǎo)彈成功地發(fā)射了,用successfully,成功地,副詞修飾動(dòng)詞werelaunched,故填successfully。62.句意:很大程度上是由于錢的工作,中國(guó)如此迅速地發(fā)展了太空計(jì)劃,并成為世界上第三個(gè)將載人火箭送入太空的國(guó)家。根據(jù)thatChinasoquicklydevelopedaspaceprogram可知,中國(guó)太空計(jì)劃的迅速發(fā)展很大程度上是由于錢的工作,用work,工作,不可數(shù)名詞,名詞所有格Qian's后面接名詞,故填work。63.句意:他的偉大貢獻(xiàn)將永遠(yuǎn)被人們銘記。
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