人教版高中英語選修六檢測Unit3Section2

Unit3SectionⅡⅠ.閱讀理解A(2018·浙江卷，B篇)StevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstrangehabitmakessensewhenyouconsiderthathe'sanenvironmentalscientistwhostudieshowtoreducelitter，includingthingsthatfalloffgarbagetrucksastheydrivedowntheroad.WhatisevenmoreinterestingisthatoneofStein'sjobsisdefendinganindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbag.Americansusemorethan100billionthinfilmplasticbagseveryyear.Somanyendupintreebranchesoralonghighwaysthatagrowingnumberofcitiesdonotallowthematcheckouts(收銀臺)．Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesinCalifornia，includingLosAngeles.Eyeingthese_headwinds，plastic－bagmakersarehiringscientistslikeSteintomakethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfortheplanetasmostpeopleassume.Amongthebagmakers'arguments：manycitieswithbansstillallowshopperstopurchasepaperbags，whichareeasilyrecycledbutrequiremoreenergytoproduceandtransport.Andwhileplasticbagsmaybeuglytolookat，theyrepresentasmallpercentageofallgarbageonthegroundtoday.Theindustryhasalsotakenaimattheproductthathasappearedasitsreplacement：reusableshoppingbags.Thestrongerareusablebagis，thelongeritslifeandthemoreplastic－baguseitcancelsout.However，longer－lastingreusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergytomake.Onestudyfoundthatacottonbagmustbeusedatleast131timestobebetterfortheplanetthanplastic.Environmentalistsdon'tdispute(質(zhì)疑)thesepoints.Theyhopepaperbagswillbebannedsomedaytooandwantshopperstousethesamereusablebagsforyears.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。主題是“人與自然”，人與自然如何和諧相處？一個(gè)小小塑料購物袋的使用就體現(xiàn)了人與自然的相處之道。塑料購物袋產(chǎn)生“白色垃圾”，在美國加利福尼亞洲約有90個(gè)城市禁止使用塑料購物袋；塑料購物袋制造商想出了對策——用可以重復(fù)利用的購物袋，雖然這種購物袋的制作和運(yùn)輸成本高；環(huán)保專家認(rèn)為塑料袋和紙袋都不要用。1．WhathasStevenSteinbeenhiredtodo？__D__A．Helpincreasegrocerysales.B．Recyclethewastematerial.C．Stopthingsfallingofftrucks.D．Arguefortheuseofplasticbags.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句“...arehiringscientistslikeSteintomakethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfortheplanetasmostpeopleassume.”可知，塑料購物袋制造商雇用像Stein這樣的科學(xué)家來說明他們的產(chǎn)品并不像大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為的那樣對地球有那么大的壞處，所以D項(xiàng)“據(jù)理支持使用塑料袋”正確。2．Whatdoestheword“headwinds”inparagraph2referto？__A__A．Bansonplasticbags.B．Effectsofcitydevelopment.C．Headachescausedbygarbage.D．Plasticbagshungintrees.解析：詞義猜測題。畫線單詞所在句意為“看到這種‘逆風(fēng)’，塑料購物袋制造商雇用像Stein這樣的科學(xué)家來說明他們的產(chǎn)品不像大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為的那樣對地球有那么大的壞處”。聯(lián)系上一句“Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesin...”可知，A項(xiàng)“禁止使用塑料袋”為正確選項(xiàng)。3．Whatisadisadvantageofreusablebagsaccordingtoplastic－bagmakers？__D__A．Theyarequiteexpensive.B．Replacingthemcanbedifficult.C．Theyarelessstrongthanplasticbags.D．Producingthemrequiresmoreenergy.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干信息“可重復(fù)使用的購物袋的缺點(diǎn)”可定位到文章第四段倒數(shù)第二句“...longer－lastingreusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergytomake.”，這種長期可重復(fù)使用的購物袋的制作需要更多的能源，故選D項(xiàng)。4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？__A__A．Plastic，PaperorNeitherB．Industry，PollutionandEnvironmentC．RecycleorThrowAwayD．GarbageCollectionandWasteControl解析：主旨大意題。本文主要敘述了三方面的內(nèi)容：塑料購物袋產(chǎn)生“白色垃圾”；塑料購物袋制造商想出了對策——用可重復(fù)使用的購物袋；環(huán)保專家希望塑料袋和紙袋都不用。故A項(xiàng)“塑料袋、紙袋或者兩者都不用”可作為文章的最佳標(biāo)題。B“FoodinFranceisstillprimarilyaboutpleasure，”saysMarkSinger,technicaldirectorofcuisineatLeCordonBleuinParis.“Cookingandeatingarebothpastimes(消遣)andpleasure.”TheFrenchmightstarttheirdaywithbread,butter,jam,andperhapssomethinghottodrink—it'satimeofthedaywhenthewholefamilycanbeunited.Singer,borninPhiladelphia,haslivedinFranceformorethan40years.“Althoughthingshavechangedgreatlyinthepast20yearswhenitestofoodinthecountry，”hesays,“andwhatwasabigaffairwitheatinghasbeenslowlysoftenedup,therearestilleventsintheyear,likebirthdaysandNewYear'sEveandChristmasEvethatarestillreallyanchoredintraditionalfoodandcooking.Butit'snoteveryday.”SomepeoplethinkFrenchfoodlifemaybeaperformance，addsJenniferBerg,directorofgraduatefoodstudiesatNewYorkUniversity.“TheywanttobelievethatFranceisthisnationwherepeoplearespendingfivehoursadaygoingto12differentmarketstogettheirfood.Therealityismostcroissants(羊角面包)arefactory－made,andmostpeoplearebuyingconveniencefood,exceptfortheverysmallgroupofpeopleinhighsociety.Butpartofouridentityreliesonbelievingthatmyth.”InItaly,asinFrance,takeoutisstillrelativelyrare.“Eatingfastisnotatallpartofourculture，”saysMarcoBolasco，editorialdirectorofSlowFoodandanItalianfoodexpert.Ourmealsarerelaxed,evenduringalunchbreak.FoodinItalyislove,andnutrition,andpleasure,hesays.AnItalianchild'sfirstexperiencewithfoodisnotsmallroundcakesorriceoreggs,butprobablyicecream,notesBolasco.Statusandwealthplaylessofaroleinfood.文章大意：本文為說明文，涉及飲食話題。作者通過專家的話語來說明法國人和意大利人對于食物是一種享受生活的態(tài)度。5．HowhavethingsaboutFrenchfoodchanged？__C__A．Peopleprefertocookathome.B．Morepeoplechoosetoeatout.C．Traditionalfoodislessfrequentlycooked.D．Peopleeatfasterthanbefore.解析：考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，法國傳統(tǒng)美食受沖擊，人們只是偶爾在重大節(jié)日中才去享用傳統(tǒng)美食，并不是每一天，故選擇C。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“performance”inParagraph3referto？__A__A．Abother. B．Aplay.C．Ahobby. D．Aroutine.解析：考查詞義猜測。由后文中的“peoplearespendingfivehoursadaygoingto12differentmarketstogettheirfood”可知，此處應(yīng)是指部分人認(rèn)為法國傳統(tǒng)烹飪比較煩瑣。故此處performance指“麻煩”。故選A。7．WhyisItalianfoodparedwithFrenchfoodinthelastparagraph？__D__A．ToshowtheadvantagesofItalianfood.B．Toprovethedifferencesbetweenthem.C．ToreflectthecustomsofItalianfood.D．Toindicatethemonpointsofthetwo.解析：考查推理判斷。由本段中的“InItaly,asinFrance”，再結(jié)合第一段中的“FoodinFranceisstillprimarilyaboutpleasure”和最后一段中的“FoodinItalyislove,andnutrition,andpleasure”可知，作者比較這兩種食物的目的是找出二者的共同點(diǎn)，闡明主旨，故選D。8．What'sthemainideaofthepassage？__B__A．Foodasidentity. B．Foodaspleasure.C．Foodassurvival. D．Foodasstatus.解析：考查主旨要義。由文中的“FoodinFranceisstillprimarilyaboutpleasure”，“Cookingandeatingarebothpastimes(消遣)andpleasure”以及“FoodinItalyislove,andnutrition,andpleasure”可知答案。Ⅱ.七選五根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Apersonaldevelopmentplanisawaytosetgoals,gaininsightintoyourselfandyourskills,anddetermineacareerorlifechange.Whenyouaretryingtodecidewheretosteer(引導(dǎo))yourlife,itcanbetoughtogatherthemotivationandthinkpositively.__1.E__Thinkoftheareasaboutwhichyoureceiveplaintsorpraise.__2.G__Anexampleofpraisemightbeyourbosstellingyouthatyouaregoodattimemanagement.__3.D__Whatdoyouenjoydoing?Andwhathaveyoudonewell?Ontheotherside,considerthethingsthatyouhavenotdonewellorhavenotenjoyed.Writedownthefinalobjectiveforeachfocusarea.Bespecificandambitious.__4.B__Forexample,ifonefocusinvolvesimprovingyourpublicspeakingskills,anactionmightbetogivea15－minutespeechinpublic.Createatimeline.__5.C__Whensettingthedeadlines,beambitiousbutalsoconsiderthetimethatyouhaveavailable.A．Startwithonetothreefocusareas.B．Inaddition,includeaninitialactionforeachitem.C．Setadeadlineforyourshort－termandlong－termgoals.D．Askyourselfabouttheareasinwhichyouhavebeensuccessful.E．Thenmappingoutaplan,withactualstepsandtimelines,willbebeneficial.F．Ifyoufocusontoomanyareasatatime,youwon'tbelikelytomeetthegoals.G．Forexample,haveyoureceivedillremarksfromsomeoneaboutnotbeingagoodlistener?文章大意：本文是說明文，介紹了如何制訂個(gè)人發(fā)展計(jì)劃。解析：1．根據(jù)上文中的“Whenyouaretryingtodecidewheretosteer(引導(dǎo))yourlife,itcanbetoughtogatherthemotivationandthinkpositively”可知，空處應(yīng)是提出的具體的做法，故E項(xiàng)“那么制訂一個(gè)有具體的步驟和時(shí)間表的計(jì)劃會(huì)是很有益的”符合語境。2．G項(xiàng)中的“receivedillremarks”和空前的“receiveplaints”相對應(yīng)，故G項(xiàng)符合語境。3．由空處后面的兩個(gè)問題可知D項(xiàng)“問問你自己在哪些領(lǐng)域取得過成功”符合語境。4．根據(jù)空前的內(nèi)容可知，此處和“Bespecificandambitious”都是對段落主旨句“Writedownthefinalobjectiveforeachfocusarea”的說明，而且選項(xiàng)B中的“action”與空后的“action”相呼應(yīng)，故B項(xiàng)符合語境。5．根據(jù)主旨句“Createatimeline”和空后的“Whensettingthedeadlines”可知，此處的內(nèi)容有關(guān)“設(shè)定最后期限”，故C項(xiàng)符合語境。Ⅲ.語法填空閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。HowmanyofyoudrinkCoca－Cola?Nearlyeverybody.Didyouknowthatcolastartedoutnotasasoftdrink,butas__1.a__cureforheadachesbackinthelate1800s?JohnS．Paberton,adoctorfromAtlanta,hadexperimentedformanymonths__2.to_find__(find)acureforthemonheadache.Heworkedathishomemixingandheatingoilswithothermaterialsuntilhefoundonemixturethatseemedtohavegoodeffects__3.on__headaches.Hebegantosellthemixturein__4.drugstores__(drugstore)．Thecustomershadtomixitwithwaterbeforedrinking.Then,howdidcol