生物脫氮技術(shù)中好氧反硝化細(xì)菌的代謝及應(yīng)用研究進(jìn)展

生物脫氮技術(shù)中好氧反硝化細(xì)菌的代謝及應(yīng)用研究進(jìn)展一、本文概述Overviewofthisarticle隨著工業(yè)化進(jìn)程的加速，氮素污染已成為全球性的環(huán)境問(wèn)題。生物脫氮技術(shù)作為解決這一問(wèn)題的有效手段，其研究與應(yīng)用越來(lái)越受到人們的關(guān)注。在生物脫氮過(guò)程中，好氧反硝化細(xì)菌發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用。這類(lèi)細(xì)菌能夠在有氧條件下進(jìn)行反硝化作用，將硝酸鹽還原為氮?dú)?，從而去除水體中的氮素。本文旨在綜述好氧反硝化細(xì)菌的代謝機(jī)制、影響因素及其在生物脫氮技術(shù)中的應(yīng)用研究進(jìn)展，以期為相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的深入研究和實(shí)踐應(yīng)用提供參考。Withtheaccelerationofindustrialization,nitrogenpollutionhasbecomeaglobalenvironmentalproblem.Biologicaldenitrificationtechnology,asaneffectivemeanstosolvethisproblem,isreceivingincreasingattentioninitsresearchandapplication.Aerobicdenitrifyingbacteriaplayacrucialroleinthebiologicaldenitrificationprocess.Thistypeofbacteriacancarryoutdenitrificationunderaerobicconditions,reducingnitratetonitrogenandremovingnitrogenfromwater.Thisarticleaimstoreviewthemetabolicmechanism,influencingfactors,andapplicationresearchprogressofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteriainbiologicaldenitrificationtechnology,inordertoprovidereferenceforin-depthresearchandpracticalapplicationinrelatedfields.本文首先介紹了好氧反硝化細(xì)菌的基本特征和代謝機(jī)制，包括其生物學(xué)特性、好氧反硝化過(guò)程的酶學(xué)基礎(chǔ)和代謝途徑等。隨后，文章分析了影響好氧反硝化細(xì)菌活性的主要因素，如溫度、pH值、碳源類(lèi)型和濃度等，以及這些因素如何影響生物脫氮效果。在此基礎(chǔ)上，文章重點(diǎn)綜述了好氧反硝化細(xì)菌在生物脫氮技術(shù)中的應(yīng)用研究進(jìn)展，包括其在污水處理、土壤修復(fù)和農(nóng)業(yè)減排等領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用實(shí)例和效果評(píng)估。Thisarticlefirstintroducesthebasiccharacteristicsandmetabolicmechanismsofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteria,includingtheirbiologicalcharacteristics,enzymaticbasisofaerobicdenitrificationprocess,andmetabolicpathways.Subsequently,thearticleanalyzedthemainfactorsaffectingtheactivityofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteria,suchastemperature,pHvalue,carbonsourcetypeandconcentration,andhowthesefactorsaffectthebiologicaldenitrificationeffect.Onthisbasis,thearticlefocusesonsummarizingtheresearchprogressofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteriainbiologicaldenitrificationtechnology,includingtheirapplicationexamplesandeffectivenessevaluationinwastewatertreatment,soilremediation,andagriculturalemissionreduction.通過(guò)本文的綜述，可以深入了解好氧反硝化細(xì)菌的代謝特性及其在生物脫氮技術(shù)中的應(yīng)用潛力，為進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化生物脫氮工藝、提高氮素去除效率提供理論支持和實(shí)踐指導(dǎo)。本文也指出了當(dāng)前研究中存在的問(wèn)題和挑戰(zhàn)，為未來(lái)研究方向提供了參考。Throughthisreview,wecangainadeeperunderstandingofthemetaboliccharacteristicsofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteriaandtheirpotentialapplicationsinbiologicaldenitrificationtechnology,providingtheoreticalsupportandpracticalguidanceforfurtheroptimizingbiologicaldenitrificationprocessesandimprovingnitrogenremovalefficiency.Thisarticlealsopointsouttheproblemsandchallengesincurrentresearch,providingreferenceforfutureresearchdirections.二、好氧反硝化細(xì)菌的代謝特性Metaboliccharacteristicsofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteria好氧反硝化細(xì)菌是一種特殊的微生物群體，能夠在有氧條件下進(jìn)行反硝化作用，將硝酸鹽或亞硝酸鹽還原為氮?dú)饣蛞谎趸?。這種獨(dú)特的代謝特性使得好氧反硝化細(xì)菌在生物脫氮技術(shù)中具有重要的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。Aerobicdenitrifyingbacteriaareaspecialmicrobialcommunitythatcancarryoutdenitrificationunderaerobicconditions,reducingnitrateornitritetonitrogenornitrousoxide.Thisuniquemetaboliccharacteristicmakesaerobicdenitrifyingbacteriahaveimportantapplicationvalueinbiologicaldenitrificationtechnology.在好氧反硝化過(guò)程中，好氧反硝化細(xì)菌通過(guò)一系列酶促反應(yīng)，逐步將硝酸鹽（NO??）或亞硝酸鹽（NO??）還原為氮?dú)猓∟?）或一氧化二氮（N?O）。這個(gè)過(guò)程涉及的關(guān)鍵酶包括硝酸鹽還原酶、亞硝酸鹽還原酶、一氧化氮還原酶和一氧化二氮還原酶。這些酶在好氧反硝化細(xì)菌的代謝過(guò)程中發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用，使得細(xì)菌能夠在有氧條件下完成反硝化作用。Intheprocessofaerobicdenitrification,aerobicdenitrifyingbacteriagraduallyreducenitrate(NO??)ornitrite(NO??)tonitrogen(N?)ornitrousoxide(N?O)throughaseriesofenzymaticreactions.Thekeyenzymesinvolvedinthisprocessincludenitratereductase,nitritereductase,nitricoxidereductase,andnitrousoxidereductase.Theseenzymesplayacrucialroleinthemetabolicprocessofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteria,enablingthemtocompletedenitrificationunderaerobicconditions.值得注意的是，好氧反硝化細(xì)菌在代謝過(guò)程中并不產(chǎn)生中間產(chǎn)物如氨（NH?）或羥胺（NH?OH），這與傳統(tǒng)的厭氧反硝化過(guò)程有所不同。好氧反硝化細(xì)菌在代謝過(guò)程中還能夠利用氧氣作為電子受體，這使得它們?cè)谔幚砀啕}度、低C/N比等復(fù)雜環(huán)境時(shí)具有更高的適應(yīng)性。Itisworthnotingthataerobicdenitrifyingbacteriadonotproduceintermediateproductssuchasammonia(NH?)orhydroxylamine(NH?OH)duringthemetabolicprocess,whichisdifferentfromtraditionalanaerobicdenitrificationprocesses.Aerobicdenitrifyingbacteriacanalsoutilizeoxygenasanelectronacceptorduringtheirmetabolicprocess,makingthemmoreadaptabletocomplexenvironmentssuchashighsalinityandlowC/Nratios.好氧反硝化細(xì)菌的代謝特性使其在生物脫氮技術(shù)中具有獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢(shì)。好氧反硝化細(xì)菌能夠在有氧條件下進(jìn)行反硝化作用，避免了傳統(tǒng)厭氧反硝化過(guò)程中可能出現(xiàn)的污泥上浮和反應(yīng)器堵塞等問(wèn)題。好氧反硝化細(xì)菌在處理高鹽度、低C/N比等復(fù)雜環(huán)境時(shí)具有更高的適應(yīng)性，這使得它們能夠更廣泛地應(yīng)用于各種實(shí)際工程中。Themetaboliccharacteristicsofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteriagivethemuniqueadvantagesinbiologicaldenitrificationtechnology.Aerobicdenitrifyingbacteriacancarryoutdenitrificationunderaerobicconditions,avoidingproblemssuchassludgefloatingandreactorblockagethatmayoccurintraditionalanaerobicdenitrificationprocesses.AerobicdenitrifyingbacteriahavehigheradaptabilityindealingwithcomplexenvironmentssuchashighsalinityandlowC/Nratios,whichenablesthemtobemorewidelyusedinvariouspracticalengineeringapplications.好氧反硝化細(xì)菌的代謝特性使得它們?cè)谏锩摰夹g(shù)中具有獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢(shì)和廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。未來(lái)隨著對(duì)好氧反硝化細(xì)菌代謝機(jī)制的深入研究和技術(shù)優(yōu)化，相信它們將在水處理、農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物處理等領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮更大的作用。Themetaboliccharacteristicsofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteriagivethemuniqueadvantagesandbroadapplicationprospectsinbiologicaldenitrificationtechnology.Inthefuture,within-depthresearchandtechnologicaloptimizationofthemetabolicmechanismofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteria,itisbelievedthattheywillplayagreaterroleinwatertreatment,agriculturalwastetreatment,andotherfields.三、好氧反硝化細(xì)菌在生物脫氮技術(shù)中的應(yīng)用Applicationofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteriainbiologicaldenitrificationtechnology好氧反硝化細(xì)菌在生物脫氮技術(shù)中的應(yīng)用已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)前環(huán)境科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)。這些細(xì)菌在好氧條件下能夠完成反硝化過(guò)程，將硝酸鹽還原為氮?dú)?，從而有效地去除廢水中的氮素，減少環(huán)境污染。近年來(lái)，隨著對(duì)好氧反硝化細(xì)菌研究的深入，其在生物脫氮技術(shù)中的應(yīng)用也取得了顯著的進(jìn)展。Theapplicationofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteriainbiologicaldenitrificationtechnologyhasbecomearesearchhotspotinthefieldofenvironmentalscience.Thesebacteriacancompletethedenitrificationprocessunderaerobicconditions,reducingnitratetonitrogen,effectivelyremovingnitrogenfromwastewaterandreducingenvironmentalpollution.Inrecentyears,withthedeepeningofresearchonaerobicdenitrifyingbacteria,theirapplicationinbiologicaldenitrificationtechnologyhasalsomadesignificantprogress.廢水處理：好氧反硝化細(xì)菌在廢水處理中的應(yīng)用是最為廣泛的。通過(guò)構(gòu)建含有好氧反硝化細(xì)菌的生物反應(yīng)器，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)廢水中氮素的快速去除。與傳統(tǒng)的厭氧反硝化過(guò)程相比，好氧反硝化過(guò)程具有更高的反應(yīng)速率和更低的能耗，因此在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中更具優(yōu)勢(shì)。Wastewatertreatment:Aerobicdenitrifyingbacteriaarethemostwidelyusedinwastewatertreatment.Byconstructingabioreactorcontainingaerobicdenitrifyingbacteria,rapidremovalofnitrogenfromwastewatercanbeachieved.Comparedwithtraditionalanaerobicdenitrificationprocesses,aerobicdenitrificationprocesseshavehigherreactionratesandlowerenergyconsumption,makingthemmoreadvantageousinpracticalapplications.土壤修復(fù)：在土壤修復(fù)領(lǐng)域，好氧反硝化細(xì)菌也發(fā)揮著重要作用。通過(guò)向受污染土壤中引入好氧反硝化細(xì)菌，可以促進(jìn)土壤中氮素的轉(zhuǎn)化和去除，從而降低土壤中的氮素含量，改善土壤質(zhì)量。Soilremediation:Inthefieldofsoilremediation,aerobicdenitrifyingbacteriaalsoplayanimportantrole.Introducingaerobicdenitrifyingbacteriaintocontaminatedsoilcanpromotethetransformationandremovalofnitrogeninthesoil,therebyreducingnitrogencontentandimprovingsoilquality.生物脫氮工藝優(yōu)化：好氧反硝化細(xì)菌的發(fā)現(xiàn)和應(yīng)用為生物脫氮工藝的優(yōu)化提供了新的思路。通過(guò)結(jié)合好氧反硝化細(xì)菌和傳統(tǒng)的厭氧反硝化細(xì)菌，可以構(gòu)建出更為高效、穩(wěn)定的生物脫氮系統(tǒng)，提高廢水處理的效率和質(zhì)量。Optimizationofbiologicaldenitrificationprocess:Thediscoveryandapplicationofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteriaprovidenewideasfortheoptimizationofbiologicaldenitrificationprocess.Bycombiningaerobicdenitrifyingbacteriawithtraditionalanaerobicdenitrifyingbacteria,amoreefficientandstablebiologicaldenitrificationsystemcanbeconstructed,improvingtheefficiencyandqualityofwastewatertreatment.好氧反硝化細(xì)菌在生物脫氮技術(shù)中的應(yīng)用具有廣闊的前景和巨大的潛力。隨著對(duì)這類(lèi)細(xì)菌研究的深入和技術(shù)的不斷完善，相信未來(lái)好氧反硝化細(xì)菌將在環(huán)境保護(hù)和廢水處理等領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮更為重要的作用。Theapplicationofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteriainbiologicaldenitrificationtechnologyhasbroadprospectsandenormouspotential.Withthedeepeningofresearchonsuchbacteriaandthecontinuousimprovementoftechnology,itisbelievedthataerobicdenitrifyingbacteriawillplayamoreimportantroleinenvironmentalprotectionandwastewatertreatmentinthefuture.四、好氧反硝化細(xì)菌代謝及應(yīng)用的研究進(jìn)展ResearchProgressonMetabolismandApplicationofAerobicDenitrifyingBacteria近年來(lái)，好氧反硝化細(xì)菌在生物脫氮技術(shù)中的代謝和應(yīng)用研究取得了顯著進(jìn)展。好氧反硝化細(xì)菌是一類(lèi)能夠在有氧條件下進(jìn)行反硝化作用的特殊微生物，它們通過(guò)一系列的酶促反應(yīng)，將硝酸鹽或亞硝酸鹽還原為氮?dú)饣虻獨(dú)庋趸?，從而?shí)現(xiàn)氮的去除。Inrecentyears,significantprogresshasbeenmadeinthemetabolismandapplicationresearchofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteriainbiologicaldenitrificationtechnology.Aerobicdenitrifyingbacteriaareaspecialtypeofmicroorganismsthatcanperformdenitrificationunderaerobicconditions.Theyreducenitrateornitritetonitrogenornitrogenoxidesthroughaseriesofenzymaticreactions,therebyachievingnitrogenremoval.在代謝方面，好氧反硝化細(xì)菌的代謝途徑與傳統(tǒng)的反硝化細(xì)菌有所不同。它們能夠在有氧條件下進(jìn)行反硝化，這主要?dú)w功于其細(xì)胞內(nèi)具有特殊的酶系統(tǒng)，如硝酸鹽還原酶和亞硝酸鹽還原酶等。這些酶能夠在有氧環(huán)境下保持活性，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)硝酸鹽或亞硝酸鹽的有效還原。好氧反硝化細(xì)菌還能夠利用多種有機(jī)碳源進(jìn)行生長(zhǎng)和代謝，這使得它們?cè)谏锩摰^(guò)程中具有更高的靈活性和適應(yīng)性。Intermsofmetabolism,aerobicdenitrifyingbacteriahavedifferentmetabolicpathwaysfromtraditionaldenitrifyingbacteria.Theyareabletoundergodenitrificationunderaerobicconditions,mainlyduetotheiruniqueenzymesystemswithinthecells,suchasnitratereductaseandnitritereductase.Theseenzymescanmaintainactivityinaerobicenvironments,therebyachievingeffectivereductionofnitrateornitrite.Aerobicdenitrifyingbacteriacanalsoutilizevariousorganiccarbonsourcesforgrowthandmetabolism,whichmakesthemmoreflexibleandadaptableinbiologicaldenitrificationprocesses.在應(yīng)用方面，好氧反硝化細(xì)菌已廣泛應(yīng)用于污水處理、水體凈化以及農(nóng)業(yè)土壤改良等領(lǐng)域。在污水處理中，好氧反硝化細(xì)菌能夠同時(shí)去除有機(jī)物和氮素，提高污水處理效率。在水體凈化方面，好氧反硝化細(xì)菌能夠有效降低水體中的硝酸鹽含量，改善水質(zhì)。在農(nóng)業(yè)土壤改良方面，好氧反硝化細(xì)菌能夠促進(jìn)土壤中的氮素循環(huán)，提高土壤肥力。Intermsofapplication,aerobicdenitrifyingbacteriahavebeenwidelyusedinfieldssuchassewagetreatment,waterpurification,andagriculturalsoilimprovement.Insewagetreatment,aerobicdenitrifyingbacteriacansimultaneouslyremoveorganicmatterandnitrogen,improvingtheefficiencyofsewagetreatment.Intermsofwaterpurification,aerobicdenitrifyingbacteriacaneffectivelyreducethenitratecontentinwaterandimprovewaterquality.Intermsofagriculturalsoilimprovement,aerobicdenitrifyingbacteriacanpromotenitrogencyclinginsoilandimprovesoilfertility.然而，盡管好氧反硝化細(xì)菌在生物脫氮技術(shù)中展現(xiàn)出廣闊的應(yīng)用前景，但仍存在一些挑戰(zhàn)和問(wèn)題。例如，好氧反硝化細(xì)菌的代謝機(jī)理和生態(tài)學(xué)特性仍需進(jìn)一步深入研究；在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，如何優(yōu)化好氧反硝化細(xì)菌的培養(yǎng)條件和操作參數(shù)，提高其脫氮效率和穩(wěn)定性，也是當(dāng)前研究的熱點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。However,despitethebroadapplicationprospectsofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteriainbiologicaldenitrificationtechnology,therearestillsomechallengesandproblems.Forexample,themetabolicmechanismandecologicalcharacteristicsofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteriastillneedfurtherin-depthresearch;Inpracticalapplications,howtooptimizethecultivationconditionsandoperatingparametersofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteria,improvetheirdenitrificationefficiencyandstability,isalsoacurrentresearchhotspotanddifficulty.好氧反硝化細(xì)菌在生物脫氮技術(shù)中的代謝和應(yīng)用研究取得了顯著進(jìn)展，但仍需進(jìn)一步深入研究和優(yōu)化。未來(lái)，隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的不斷進(jìn)步和人們對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)意識(shí)的提高，相信好氧反硝化細(xì)菌將在生物脫氮領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮更加重要的作用。Significantprogresshasbeenmadeinthemetabolismandapplicationresearchofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteriainbiologicaldenitrificationtechnology,butfurtherin-depthresearchandoptimizationarestillneeded.Inthefuture,withthecontinuousprogressofscienceandtechnologyandtheincreasingawarenessofenvironmentalprotection,itisbelievedthataerobicdenitrifyingbacteriawillplayamoreimportantroleinthefieldofbiologicaldenitrification.五、結(jié)論與展望ConclusionandOutlook好氧反硝化細(xì)菌作為一種新型的微生物資源，其在生物脫氮技術(shù)中的應(yīng)用逐漸展現(xiàn)出廣闊的前景。這些微生物在好氧條件下能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)反硝化作用，打破了傳統(tǒng)反硝化過(guò)程的限制，從而提高了生物脫氮的效率。Aerobicdenitrifyingbacteria,asanewtypeofmicrobialresource,aregraduallyshowingbroadprospectsintheapplicationofbiologicaldenitrificationtechnology.Thesemicroorganismscanachievedenitrificationunderaerobicconditions,breakingthelimitationsoftraditionaldenitrificationprocessesandimprovingtheefficiencyofbiologicaldenitrification.通過(guò)深入研究好氧反硝化細(xì)菌的代謝途徑和調(diào)控機(jī)制，我們可以更好地理解其在生物脫氮過(guò)程中的作用，進(jìn)而優(yōu)化生物脫氮工藝，提高脫氮效率。同時(shí)，對(duì)于好氧反硝化細(xì)菌在復(fù)雜環(huán)境中的適應(yīng)性研究，也有助于我們發(fā)掘其在其他領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用潛力。Byconductingin-depthresearchonthemetabolicpathwaysandregulatorymechanismsofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteria,wecanbetterunderstandtheirroleinbiologicaldenitrificationprocesses,optimizebiologicaldenitrificationprocesses,andimprovedenitrificationefficiency.Meanwhile,studyingtheadaptabilityofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteriaincomplexenvironmentscanalsohelpusexploretheirpotentialapplicationsinotherfields.然而，目前對(duì)于好氧反硝化細(xì)菌的研究仍處于初級(jí)階段，許多關(guān)鍵的科學(xué)問(wèn)題仍待解決。例如，好氧反硝化細(xì)菌的反硝化機(jī)制、代謝調(diào)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)、環(huán)境適應(yīng)性等方面仍有待深入研究。如何將好氧反硝化細(xì)菌應(yīng)用于實(shí)際工程中，實(shí)現(xiàn)高效、穩(wěn)定的生物脫氮，也是未來(lái)研究的重點(diǎn)。However,researchonaerobicdenitrifyingbacteriaisstillinitsearlystages,andmanykeyscientificissuesstillneedtobeaddressed.Forexample,thedenitrificationmechanism,metabolicregulationnetwork,andenvironmentaladaptabilityofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteriastillneedfurtherresearch.Howtoapplyaerobicdenitrifyingbacteriainpracticalengineeringtoachieveefficientandstablebiologicaldenitrificationisalsoafocusoffutureresearch.展望未來(lái)，隨著分子生物學(xué)、基因組學(xué)等技術(shù)的發(fā)展，我們有望從分子層面揭示好氧反硝化細(xì)菌的代謝機(jī)制和調(diào)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)，為生物脫氮技術(shù)的發(fā)展提供新的思路。通過(guò)構(gòu)建高效的好氧反硝化菌群，優(yōu)化生物脫氮工藝，有望實(shí)現(xiàn)更高效、更環(huán)保的生物脫氮過(guò)程。好氧反硝化細(xì)菌在其他領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用潛力也值得進(jìn)一步探索。Lookingaheadtothefuture,withthedevelopmentofmolecularbiology,genomicsandothertechnologies,weareexpectedtorevealthemetabolicmechanismsandregulatorynetworksofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteriaatthemolecularlevel,providingnewideasforthedevelopmentofbiologicaldenitrificationtechnology.Byconstructinganefficientaerobicdenitrifyingbacterialcommunityandoptimizingthebiologicaldenitrificationprocess,itisexpectedtoachieveamoreefficientandenvironmentallyfriendlybiologicaldenitrificationprocess.Thepotentialapplicationofaerobicdenitrifyingbacteriainotherfieldsisalsoworthfurtherexploration.好氧反硝化細(xì)菌作為一種新型的微生物資源，其在生物脫氮技術(shù)中的應(yīng)用前景廣闊。通過(guò)深入研究其代謝機(jī)制和調(diào)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)，優(yōu)化生物脫氮工藝，有望為實(shí)現(xiàn)更高效、更環(huán)保的生物脫氮過(guò)程提供新的思路和方法。Aerobicdenitrifyingbacteria,asanewtypeofmicrobialresource,havebroadapplicationprospectsinbiologicaldenitrificationtechnology.Byconductingin-depthresearchonitsmetabolicmechanismandregulatorynetwork,optimizingthebiologicaldenitrificationprocess,itisexpectedtoprovidenewideasandmethodsforachievingmoreefficientandenvironmentallyfriendlybiologicaldenitrificationprocesses.七、致謝Thanks我們要對(duì)在生物脫氮技術(shù)領(lǐng)域做出杰出貢獻(xiàn)的研究者們表示深深的敬意和感謝。他們的努力工作和持續(xù)創(chuàng)新，為生物脫氮技術(shù)的發(fā)展奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)，同時(shí)也為我們提供了廣闊的研究空間和無(wú)限的可能性。Wewouldliketoexpressourdeeprespectandgratitudetotheresearcherswhohavemadeoutstandingcontributionsinthefieldofbiologicaldenitrificationtechnology.Theirhardworkandcontinuousinnovationhavelaidasolidfoundationforthedevelopmentof