2023年考研英語一真題及答案解析

2023考研英語一真題及答案解析

Section1UseofEnglish

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextoChoosethebestword[s)foreach

numberedblankandmark[A],[B]l[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1(10points]

InCambodia,thechoiceofaspouseisacomplexonefortheyoungmaleoIt

mayinvolvenotonlyhisparentsandhisfriends,_Ithoseoftheyoungwoman,

butalsoamatchmakeroAyoungmancan2___alikelyspouseonhis

ownandthenaskhisparentsto_3_themarriagenegotiations,ortheyoung

man,sparentsmaytakethechoiceofaspouse,givingthechildlittletosayinthe

selectiono___4_,agirlmayvetothespouseherparentshavechoseno___5_a

spousehasbeenselected,eachfamilyinvestigatestheothertomakesureitschild

ismarrying_6—agoodfamiIyo

ThetraditionalweddingisalongandcolorfulaffairoFormerlyitlastedthreedays

,71980sitmorecommonlylastedadayandahaIfoBuddhistpriestsoffera

shortsermonand_8_prayersofblessingoPar-tsoftheceremonyinvolveritua

Ihaircutting,9cottonthreadssoakedinholywateraroundthebride

,sandgroomswrists,and_10_acandlearoundacircleofhappilymarriedand

respectedcouplestoblessthe_ll_oNewlywedstraditionallymoveinwitht

hewife

第1頁共44頁

,sparentsandmay_12_withthemuptoayear,_13_theycanbuildanewh

ousenearbyo

Divorceislegalandeasyto_14,butnotcommonoDivorcedpersonsare

_15_withsomedisapproval,.Eachspouseretains___16__propertyheorshe

_17_intothemarriage,andjointly-acquiredpropertyis18_equallyo

Divorcedpersonsmayremarry,butagenderprejudice_19_upoThedivorced

maledoesn'thaveawaitingperiodbeforehecanremarry_20_thewomanmust

waittenmonthso

Io

AobywayofBowithregardtoCoonbehalfofDo

aswellas

2βAodecideonBoprovideforC0competewithDoad

aptto

。

3AocloseBoarrangeCorenewDopostpone

4oAoIntheoryBoAboveallCoIntimeDoForexample

5oAoUnlessBoLessCoAfterDoAlthough

6oAointoBowithinCofromDothrough

7βAoorB0sinceCobutDoso

。

8AotestBocopyC,0reciteDocreate

。

9AofoldingBopilingCowrappingDotying

10oAopassingBolightingCohidingDoserving

HoAoassociationB0meetingCocollectionDounion

第2頁共44頁

12oAodealBopartCogrowDolive

13oAowhereasBountilCoforDoif

14oAoavoidBofollowCochallengeDoobtain

15oAoisolatedBopersuadedCoviewedDoexposed

16oAowhereverBowhateverCowheneverDoho

wever

17oAochangedBobroughtCoshapedDopushed

18oAoinvestedBodividedCodonatedDowithdrawn

19oAowarmsBoclearsCoshowsDobreaks

20oAowhileBosothatCoonceDointhat

[標(biāo)準答案]

Io[D]aswellas

［考點分析］此題考察規(guī)律關(guān)系

［選項分析］由于考察規(guī)律關(guān)系，所以需要我們先對填空前后的原文信息做定位分析：文章

身處大環(huán)境之中，這是一個明顯的并列關(guān)系，表示"不僅……而

notonly...oobutalso

且……”該空與前一句"hisparentsandhisfriends,,也是并列關(guān)系，表示“與他本人以

及伴侶的父母朋友相關(guān)"所以答案只能是。

Daswellas0

通過關(guān)于代表

A0bywayofB0withregardtoC0onbehalfOf

2.［標(biāo)準答案］［A］decideon

［考點分析］上下文語義

第3頁共44頁

［選項分析］依據(jù)該句的主語ayoungman與賓語alikelyspouse的關(guān)系，答案只能是

打算。表示自己打算自己的對象。為......供給預(yù)備

A0decideonB0provideforCo

與...競爭適用

competewithDoadaptto

3。［標(biāo)準答案］［B］arrange

［考點分析］上下文語義及動詞辨析

［選項分析］該句意思為，他可以自己選擇自己中意的伴侶并讓父母—相關(guān)事務(wù)。四個

選項中，關(guān)閉更；恢復(fù)"推遲"，語義不正確，只有

A0closeCrenewDpostponeB

arrange安排是符合語境。

4。［標(biāo)準答案］［A］Intheory

［考點分析］上下文語義

［選項分析］規(guī)律推斷題。主要是看前后兩句的含義，前面是說"他可以自己選擇自己中

意的伴侶并讓父母安排相關(guān)事務(wù)，或者幾乎不參與，完全讓父母選擇自己的對象。"空格后

面說"女方可以拒絕她父母所選擇的對象?！边@兩句之間沒有舉例說明的關(guān)系，且有一個may,

更證明的正確性。而其他選項最重要的是，

AoIntheoryBoAboveallCoIntime

準時舉例，均不符合題意。

DoForexample

5.［標(biāo)準答案］［C］After

［考點分析］上下文語義

［選項分析］依據(jù)下文aspousehasbeenselected,eachfamilyinvestigates

theother......"知道,只有對?青圣好后，父母才會去調(diào)查爭論對方的背景。所以只有after

第4頁共44頁

才對。其他選項。除非，否則以免，生怕盡管都

AUnlessBoLestDoAlthough

不符合題意。

6.［標(biāo)準答案］［A］into

［考點分析］上下文語義及介詞詞義辨析

［選項分析］這里主要是看marry與相關(guān)介詞的固定搭配。這里marryinto就是指嫁到，

而其他選項均沒有這層含義。

7.［標(biāo)準答案］［C］but

［考點分析］規(guī)律關(guān)系題

［選項分析］依據(jù)上文，說傳統(tǒng)的婚禮時間跨度很長，但是到了1980s,婚禮只持續(xù)一天

半。所以與前文發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變。因此要選擇but轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。

［標(biāo)準答案］［

80Qrecite

［考點分析］上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析

［選項分析［空格處需要填一個動詞，和后面的PrayerSofblessing所搭配，C選項

recite為背誦的意思，與所給短語搭配最為合理，譯為"為祈禱者做祈福"。

［標(biāo)準答案］［］

90Dtying

［考點分析］上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析

第5頁共44頁

［選項分析］此題需要依據(jù)上下文語義分析，空格處需要搭配后文“棉花線頭"，縱觀四

個選項［A］折疊

［B］積存［C］包裹［D］系上，雁選項含義，只有D和后文的“棉花線頭”搭配最為年里。

10.［標(biāo)準答案］［A］passing

［考點分析］上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析

［選項分析］此題依據(jù)選項［A］傳遞［B］點亮［C］隱蔽［D］效勞，原文空格需要填寫T動詞

與后文Groundacircle"來搭配，譯為"將蠟燭傳一圈"，故［A］傳遞為正確選項。

11.［標(biāo)準答案］［D］union

［考點分析］名詞詞義辨析

［選項分析］此題依據(jù)選項［A］協(xié)會，社團［B］會議，會面［C］集合［D版吉合。本句語義為"這

些受敬重的夫妻祈禱…"依據(jù)語境，結(jié)婚是一種夫妻二人的結(jié)合，因此，選項［D］結(jié)合更符

合語境。

12.［標(biāo)準答案］［D］live

［考點分析］上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析

［選項分析］此題比較簡潔。依據(jù)語義"依據(jù)傳統(tǒng)，婚夫婦要搬到妻子父母家，與父母

一—年"依據(jù)語境，應(yīng)為［D］居住為最正確答案。

13.［標(biāo)準答案］［B］until

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［考點分析］時間規(guī)律關(guān)系

［選項分析］依據(jù)原文，"―他們在四周建筑一棟居子"［A］然而［B］直到［Q為［D］

假設(shè)結(jié)合語境，［B］直到最符合原文語境，搭配最為合理。

14。［標(biāo)準答案］［D］obtain

［考點分析］上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析

［選項分析］該

Divorceislegalandrelativelyeasyto_14_rbutnotcommon.

句句意為離婚是合法的，且相對簡潔_.A.avoid避開B.follow跟隨Cxhanllenge挑

戰(zhàn)，質(zhì)疑D.obtain獲得。這里消滅and,所以對于離婚這件事不行能是避開或是挑戰(zhàn)，但

是跟隨和離婚之間語義不符，但是獲得離婚〔的批準〕是可以的。選D。

15。［標(biāo)準答案］［D］viewed

［考點分析］上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析

［選項分析］Divorcedpersonsare_15—withsomedisapproval,離婚的人…一些不

贊同。在段首，已經(jīng)注明離婚是合法的且相對簡潔得到批準，但是不常見。這說明離婚在現(xiàn)

實中確定是不太受到人們的歡送的。而接下來這句就說離婚的人…一些不贊同。再看選項：

A.isolated孤立B.persuaded勸告C.viewed看做D。exposed接觸，受到...的影響C

選項固定搭配被認為，放進。

［標(biāo)準答案］［］

160Bwhatever

［考點分析］語法

第7頁共44頁

［選項分析Eachspouseretains____16___propertyheorshe_17_intothe

marriage,17個空對應(yīng)的都是動詞，所以該句意思為：夫婦雙方保有…財產(chǎn)，這個財產(chǎn)是他

或她…〔動詞〕進婚姻的。結(jié)合選項AWheneVer"無論何地；任何〔地方〕=anyplace

where〔定從〕"。Bwhatever"無論什么；任何〔東西〕=anythingthat/any+Nthaf,。

CWheneVer無論何時；任何〔時間=anytimewhen］Dhowever無論如何；無論多么。

依據(jù)語義，這里應(yīng)當(dāng)不是讓步的關(guān)系，而且填的這個詞還要能修飾property。因此，選擇

B=retainsanypropertythatheorshe...o

［標(biāo)準答案］［］

17oBbrought

［考點分析］上下文語義及動詞義辨析

［選項分析］Eachspouseretains____16___propertyheorshe_17_intothe

marriage,結(jié)合選項Achanged"轉(zhuǎn)變"。Bbrought"帶來"。Cshaped"形成"D

PUShed"推，逼迫"。結(jié)合語境只有B符合，把財產(chǎn)帶入婚姻。

［標(biāo)準答案］［］

18oBdivided

［考點分析］上下文語義及動詞義辨析

［選項分析］…andjointly-acquiredpropertyis_18_equally,結(jié)合選項Ainvested

投資。［B］divided平分［C］donated捐贈［D］withdrawn撤出，提取。依據(jù)語義應(yīng)當(dāng)是共

同財產(chǎn)被〔夫妻雙方〕平分。

［標(biāo)準答案］［］

190Cshows

［考點分析］動詞固定搭配

第8頁共44頁

［選項分析］Divorcedpersonsmayremarry,butagenderprejudice

該句語義為離過婚勺人或許會再婚，但是性偏見..。結(jié)合選項。

_19_upoeS!lAwarm(up)

加熱B.clear［up］變晴C.show［up］顯現(xiàn)D.break(up)分裂，分開；，明顯C是

正確選項。

［標(biāo)準答案］［］

20oAwhile

［選項分析］上下文語義

［考點分析］很明顯的兩類人的比照比較關(guān)系。只能選擇WhiIe。

［真題翻譯］在柬埔寨，伴侶的選擇對于年輕男性來說是一個簡單的問題。這不僅與他本

人以及將來伴侶的父母朋友相關(guān)，而且與媒婆也有著千絲萬縷的關(guān)系。他可以自己選擇自己中

意的伴侶并讓父母安排相關(guān)事務(wù)，或者幾乎不參與，完全讓父母選擇自己的對象。理論上來說，

女方可以拒絕她父母所選擇的對象。在選好自己的對象后，每個家庭都能會去調(diào)查對方家庭來

確保他們的孩子嫁到好人家。

傳統(tǒng)的婚禮是一段漫長，多姿多彩的過程。從前會持續(xù)三天，但是到了20世紀80年月，

一般會持續(xù)一天半。佛教徒通常會做簡短誦經(jīng)，并為人祈福。儀式通常包括剪發(fā)，在郎娘的胳

膊上系上浸滿圣水的棉繩，在幸福的、受人敬重的夫婦中傳遞蠟燭來祈禱人的結(jié)合。通常狀況

下，婚夫婦會到妻子父母家里住一年，直到他們在四周建一棟居子為止。

離婚是等雄，而且很簡;酸得批準，但是在實際中這種狀況并不常見。離過婚的男女會受

至T人的詬病。夫婦雙方在離婚后可保有他柵婚前帶來的財產(chǎn)，而且可平分婚后共

第9頁共44頁

同取得的財產(chǎn)。離過婚的人或許會再婚，但是性^偏見還是很明顯。比方，離過婚的男性再婚

前不需要一段等待期而女性則需要等待十個月。

Section∏ReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:ReadthefollowingfourtextsoAnswerthequestionsaftereachtext

〔

bychoosingA,B,CorDoMarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET140points]

Textl

France,whichpridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion,hasdecidedits

fashionindustryhaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyforwomenIts

lawmakersgavepreliminaryapprovallastweektoalawthatwouldmakeitacrime

toemployultra-thinmodelsonrunwaysoTheparliamentalsoagreedtoban

w

websitesthatinciteexcessivethinness“bypromotingextremedietingo

SuchmeasureshaveacoupleofupliftingmotivesoTheysuggestbeauty

shouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupimpingingonhealthoThatsastarto

Andthebanonultra-thinmodelsseemstogobeyondprotectingmodelsfrom

starvingthemselvestodeath-assomehavedoneoIttellsthefashionindustrythat

itmusttakeresponsibilityforthesignalitsendswomen,especiallyteenagegirlsf

aboutthesocialtape-measuretheymustusetodeterminetheirindividualwortho

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Thebans,iffullyenforced,wouldsuggesttowomen[andmanymen]that

theyshouldnotletothersbearbitersoftheirbeautyoAndperhapsfaintly,they

hintthatpeopleshouldlooktointangiblequalitieslikecharacterandintellect

ratherthandietingtheirwaytosizezeroorwasp-waistphysiqueso

TheFrenchmeasures,however,relytoomuchonseverepunishmentto

changeaculturethatstillregardsbeautyasskin-deep-andbone-showingUnder

thelaw,usingafashionmodelthatdoesnotmeetagovernment-definedindexof

bodymasscouldresultina$85,000fineandsixmonthsinprisono

Thefashionindustryknowsithasaninherentprobleminfocusingonmaterial

adornmentandidealizedbodytypesoInDenmark,theUnitedStates,andafew

othercountries,itistryingtosetvoluntarystandardsformodelsandfashion

imagesthatrelymoreonpeerpressureforenforcemento

IncontrasttoFrance?sactions,DenmarkSfashionindustryagreedlastmonth

onrulesandsanctionsregardingtheage,health,andothercharacteristicsof

/z

modelsoThenewlyrevisedDanishFashionEthicalCharterclearlystates:Weare

awareofandtakeresponsibilityfortheimpactthefashionindustryhasonbody

ideals,especiallyonyoungpeople“oThecharter*smaintoolofenforcementis

todenyaccessfordesignersandmodelingagenciestoCopenhagenFashionWeek

(CFW],whichisrunbytheDanishFashionInstituteoButingeneralitrelieson

aname-and-shamemethodofcomplianceo

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Relyingonethicalpersuasionratherthanlawtoaddressthemisuseofbody

idealsmaybethebeststepoEvenbetterwouldbetohelpelevatenotionsof

beautybeyondthematerialstandardsofaparticularindustryo

21oAccordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwouldhappeninFrance?

[A]Physicalbeautywouldberedefinedo

[B]NewrunwayswouldbeConstructedo

[C]Websitesaboutdietingwouldthriveβ

[D]Thefashionindustrywoulddeclineo

22oThephrase“impingingOrr(Line2,Para.2)isclosestinmeaningto

[A]heighteningthevalueof

[B]indicatingthestateof

[C]losingfaithin

[D]doingharmto

23oWhichofthefollowingistrueofthefashionindustry?

[A]TheFrenchmeasureshavealreadyfailedo

[B]NewstandardsarebeingsetinDenmarke

[C]Modelsarenolongerunderpeerpressureo

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[D]Itsinherentproblemsaregettingworseo

24.AdesignerismostlikelytoberejectedbyCFWfor

[A]pursuingperfectphysicalconditions

[B]caringtoomuchaboutmodeΓscharactero

[C]showinglittleconcernforhealthfactors

[D]settingahighagethresholdformodelso

25.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthetext?

[A]AChallengetotheFashionIndustry'sBodyIdeals

[B]ADilemmafortheStarvingmodelsinFrance

[C]JustAnotherRoundofStruggleforBeauty

[D]TheGreatThreatstotheFashionIndustry

21答案APhysicalbeautywouldberedefined

解析：這是Ti細節(jié)題，礴France定位第一E躥F,主干成分為Francehaslost

此外其次段其次句

anabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyoTheysuggestbeauty

shouldnotbedefinebyIOOkS...故而Aphysicalbeautywouldberedefined為同義替

換，即為正確答案。

22答案Ddoingharmto

第13頁共44頁

解析：此題為詞義題。定位到其次段其次句Theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbe

definedbylooksthatendupimpingingonhealth,依據(jù)endup可以看出beauty

shouldnotbedefinedbylooks和thatendupimpingingonhealth為順承關(guān)系,所

以"夠Mi甜美不僅僅彩俵的定義’可以完啊按康的危害.故而可U幡口doingharmto

是正確答案。

23答案BNewStandardsarebeingsetinDenmark

解析：此題是正誤推斷題。依據(jù)第五段其次句話InDenmark,...itistryingtoset

voluntarystandardsformodelsandfashion…可知B選項Newstandardsarebeing

setinDenmark是其同義替換。

24答案Cshowinglittleconcernforhealthfactors

解析：細節(jié)題。一個設(shè)計師很可能由于什么緣由被CFW拒絕，依據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞可回到文中

定位至倒數(shù)其次段，首句說丹麥的時尚界就有關(guān)模特的年齡，安康及其他特性的內(nèi)容達成全都意

見，切一項法案也明確規(guī)定，他們?nèi)罩饕庾R到時尚界對于人們尤其是年輕人的身體安康所帶來的

影響，并且該對此負責(zé)，接著下a就說，這一法規(guī)的執(zhí)行方式就是拒絕T設(shè)計師，由于可以

推斷設(shè)計師很可能由于不考慮身體安康因素而被CFW拒絕。

25答案DAchallengetotheFashionIndustry'sBodyIdeals

解析：主旨題。本文從首段就開頭闡述法國的觀點，即時尚界已經(jīng)失去了定義女性身體之美

的權(quán)利，且議會也制止網(wǎng)站通過宣傳過度節(jié)食來強調(diào)過度消瘦。爭隹續(xù)說明秀麗不能只看夕除

更不能以犧牲安康為代價。三段說女性不該讓他人來評判自己的秀麗。以及后面的

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E贈中也始終在不斷說明一點,即安康很重要，不能只看夕俵。所以文章最正確婕應(yīng)當(dāng)是D,對

時尚界完善身材的質(zhì)疑。

Text2

ForthefirsttimeinhistorymorepeopleliveintownsthaninthecountryoIn

BritainthishashadacuriousresultoWhilepollsshowBritonsrate”the

Countrysideaalongsidetheroyalfamily,ShakespeareandtheNationalHealth

Serivce[NHS]aswhatmakesthemproudestoftheircountry,thishaslimited

politicalsupporto

AcenturyagoOctaviaHillLaunchedtheNationalTrustnottorescuestylish

,,,z

housesbuttosavethebeautyofnaturalplacesforeveryoneforeveroItwas

specificallytoprovidecitydwellerswithspacesforleisurewheretheycould

experience"arefreshingairo"HilΓspressurelaterledtocreationofnationalparks

,

andgreenbeltsoTheydontmakecountrysideanymore,andeveryyearconcrete

consumesmoreofitoItneedsconstantguardianshipo

Atthenextelectionnoneofthebigpartiesseemlikelytoendorsethis

sentimentoTheconservatives'planningreformexplicitlygivesruraldevelopment

priorityoverconservation,evenauthorising0off-plan0buildingwherelocalpeople

mightobjectoTheconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeendefinedas

profitableoLabourlikewisewantstodiscontinuelocalplanningwherecouncils

opposedevelopmentoTheLiberalDemocratsaresilentoOnlyUkip,sensingits

chance,hassidedwiththosepleadingforamoreconsideredapproachtousing

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greenIandoItsCampaigntoProtectRuralEnglandstruckterrorintomanylocal

conservativepartieso

Thesensibleplacetobuildnewhouses,factoriesandofficesiswherepeople

arezincitiesandtownswhereinfrastructureisinplaceTheLondonagentsStirling

AckroydrecentlyidentifiedenoughsitesforhalfamillionhousesintheLondon

areaalonefwithnointrusionongreenbeltoWhatistrueofLondoniseventruer

oftheprovinceso

,rπ

Theideathathousingcrisisequals"concretedmeadows"ispurelobbytalko

Theissueisnottheneedformorehousesbut,asalways,wheretoputthemo

Underlobbypressure,GeorgeOsbornefavoursruralnew-buildagainsturban

renovationandrenewaloHefavoursout-of-townshoppingsitesagainsthigh

streetsoThisisnotafreemarketbutabiasedoneRuraltownsandvillageshave

grownandwillalwaysgrowoTheydosobestwherebuildingstickstotheiredges

andrespectstheircharacteroWedonotruinurbanDevelopmentshouldbe

,

plannedfnotletripoAftertheNetherlands,BritainisEuropesmostcrowed

countryoHalfacenturyoftownandcountryplanninghasenabledittoretainan

enviableruralcoherence,whilestillpermittinglow-densityurbanIivingoThereis

nodoubtofthealternative-thecorruptedlandscapesofsouthernPortugalr

SpainorIrelandoAvoidingthisratherthanpromotingitshouldunitetheleftand

rightofthepoliticalspectrumo

,

26oBritainspublicsentimentaboutthecountryside

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[A]hasbroughtmuchbenefittotheNHSo

,

[B]didntstarttilltheShakespeareanageo

[C]isfullybackedbytheroyalfamiIyo

[D]isnotwellreflectedinpoliticso

27oAccordingtoParagraph2,theachievementsoftheNationalTrustarenow

being

[A]graduallydestroyedo

[B]effectivelyreinforcedo

[C]properlyprotected0

[D]largelyOvershadowedo

28owhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?

[A]UkipmaygainfromitssupportforruralConservation0

[B]theConservativesmayabandon"off-plan"buildingo

[C]theLiberalDemocratsarelosingpoliticalinfluenceo

[D]labourisunderattackforopposingdevelopmento

29otheauthorholdsthatGeorgeOsborne*spreference

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[A]revealsastrongprejudiceagainsturbanareaso

[B]showshisdisregardforthecharacterofruralareaso

[C]stressesthenecessityofeasingthehousingcrisiso

[D]highlightshisfirmstandagainstlobbypressureo

30oInthelastparagraph,theauthorshowshisappreciationof

[A]thesizeofpopulationinBritaino

[BtheenviableurbanlifestyleinBritaino

[C]thetown-and-countryplanninginBritaino

[D]thepoliticallifeintodayisBritaino

26答案Disnotwellreflectedinpolitics

解析：細節(jié)題。精讀題干，劃出關(guān)鍵詞。依據(jù)題干回到原文準確定位到首段最終一句，

該句中的polls民意調(diào)查對應(yīng)題干中的publicsentiment,定位答案處為"thishaslimited

politicalSUPPort〃，意思為這在政治支持方面是有限的。與D選項〃在政治上沒有得到很

好的反響〃為同義替換。

27答案Dlargelyovershadowed

解析：細節(jié)題。儺題干，題干中消滅大寫theNationalTrust,定位到其次段首句the

NationalTrUSt該句。二段首句只是對Hill的該工程做介紹，需向后看影響。往下可以讀

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到Hill,spressure這句，寫到"Hill的工程制造出國家公園和綠地。他們不再制造鄉(xiāng)村了，

而且每年鋼筋;昆凝土消耗的鄉(xiāng)村越來越多。鄉(xiāng)村需要長久的保護"。對應(yīng)選項，該工程的成就

很大程度上被奪取了光輝。

28答案AUkipmaygainfromitssupportforruralconservation

解析：推斷題。題干問的是從第三段能推出什么，考察的是相應(yīng)段落的段落中心。觀看

選項不難覺察,選項中都是大寫的UkiP,TheConservatives,TheLiberalDemocrats,

可依據(jù)選項中的大寫回段落中查找，覺察所在的定位句為的倒裝強調(diào)

LabouroUkiPOnly

句〔倒裝強調(diào)句往往為答案所在處〕。該句子意思是：只有UkiP意識到其時機，并支持這

些人。和選項A對應(yīng)一下，Ukip可能能從其對農(nóng)村保護的支持中獲得好處，是同義替換。

29答案BShowshisdisregardforthecharacterofruralareas

解析：細節(jié)題問的是作者對于奧斯本的偏好〔觀點〕的具體看法。依據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞奧斯本定

位至第五段，由于問的是作者對于奧斯本觀點的看法，所以只需要看在奧斯本的觀點之后作者

的表達內(nèi)容，第五段倒數(shù)兩句話就是作者表達自己觀點的地方，即"我們沒有破壞城市中受到

保護的地方"，"你們?yōu)槭裁匆茐泥l(xiāng)村的呢？"這就說明奧斯本一方的觀點是要破壞鄉(xiāng)村

環(huán)境。所以可得出答案是奧斯本想法說明白他對于鄉(xiāng)村人們的無視。

30答案Cthe-town-and-countryplanninginBritain

解析：僦題干定位至撮終一段，問的是作者賞識贊同什么，作者的觀點即是文章末段的段

落中心，可定位到末段末句。末句指出，避開this會將左右黨派聯(lián)系起來，this代詞指代

指代上句中所提到的內(nèi)容。Should即作者贊同的地方，也就是作者贊同的是城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)合。

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TEXT3

"Thereisonandonlyonesocialresponsibilityofbusiness,“wroteMilton

Friedman,aNobelprize-winningeconomist,oThatis,touseitsresourcesand

engageinactivitiesdesignedtoincreaseitsprofitso"Butevenifyouaccept

Friedman,spremiseandregardcorporatesocialresponsibility(CSR]policiesas

7

awasteofshareholdersmoney,thingsmaynotbeabsolutelyclear-cutoNew

researchsuggeststhatCSRmaycreatemonetaryvalueforcompanies-atleast

whentheyareprosecutedforcorruptiono

ThelargestfirmsinAmericaandBritaintogetherspendmorethan$15billiona

yearonCSR,accordingtoanestimatebyEPG,aconsultingfirmoThiscouldadd

valuetotheirbusinessesinthreewaysoFirst,consumersmaytakeCSRspending

,

asa“signal“thatacompanysproductsareofhighqualityoSecond,customers

maybewillingtobuyacompany,sproductsasanindirectwaytodonatetothe

goodcausesithelpsoAndthird,throughamorediffuse"haloeffectJwhereby

itsgooddeedsearnitgreaterconsiderationfromconsumersandOtherso

PreviousstudiesonCSRhavehadtroubledifferentiatingtheseeffectsbecauseco

nsumerscanbeaffectedbyallthreeoAlrecentstudyattemptstoseparatethem

bylookingatbriberyprosecutionsunderAmerica'

sForeignCorruptPracticesAct(FCPA]oItarguesthatsinceprosecutorsdonot

consumeacompany,

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sproductsaspartoftheirinvestigations,theycouldbeinfluencedonlybytheha

Ioeffecto

Thestudyfoundthat,amongprosecutedfirms,thosewiththemostcomprehe

nsiveCSRprogrammestendedtogetmorelenientpenalties…Theiranalysisruled

outthepossibilitythatitwasfirm'spoliticalinfluence,ratherthantheir

CSRstand,thataccountedfortheleniency:Companiesthatcontributedmoret

opoliticalcampaignsdidnotreceivelowerfineso

Inallzthestudyconcludesthatwhereasprosecutorsshouldonlyevaluateacase

basedonitsmerits,theydoseemtobeinfluencedbyacompany1

n

srecordinCSRoWeestimatethateithereliminatingasubstantiallabour-rights

concern,suchaschildlabour,orincreasingcorporategivingbyabout20%resu

Itsinfinesthatgenerallyare40%lowerthanthetypicalpunishmentforbribingfo

1

reignofficials',saysoneresearchero

Researchersadmitthattheirstudydoesnotanswerthequestionofhowmuchbus

inessesoughttospendonCSRoNordoesitrevealhowmuchcompaniesareban

kingonthehaloeffect,ratherthantheotherpossiblebenefits,whentheydeci

detheirdo-goodingpoliciesoButatleasttheyhavedemonstratedthatwhenco

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mpaniesgetintotroublewiththelaw,evidenceofgoodcharactercanwinthem

lesscostlypunishmentβ

31.TheauthorviewsMiltonFriedman,sstatementaboutCSRwith

[A]toleranceo

[B]skepticism0

[C]uncertaintyo

[D]approvalo

32.AccordingtoParagraph2,CSRhelpsacompanyby

[A]winningtrustfromconsumerso

[B]guardingitagainstmalpracticeso

[C]protectingitfrombeingdefamedo

[D]raisingthequalityofitsproductso

33oTheexpression“morelenient”[line2,para.4]isclosestinmeaningto

[A]moreeffective

[B]lesscontroversial

[C]lesssevere

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[D]morelasting

,

34oWhenprosecutorsevaluateacase,acompanysCSRregard

[A]hasanimpactontheirdecision

[B]comesacrossasreliableevidence

[C]increasesthechanceofbeingpenalized

[D]constitutespartoftheinvestigation

35.WhichofthefollowingistrueofCSR,accordingtothelastparagraph?

[A]Itsnegativeeffectsonbusinessesareoftenoverlooked,,

[B]Thenecessaryamountofcompanies*spendingonitisunknowno

[C]Companies,financialcapacityforithasbeenoverestimated),

[D]Ithasbroughtmuchbenefittothebankingindustryo

31答案BSkepticism

解析：作者觀點態(tài)度題。題干問的是作者對有關(guān)CSR方面MiltonFriedman的說法是

什么態(tài)度。依據(jù)大寫MiltonFriedman這個人定位到定位到首段首句。留意題干問的是作

者的看法，因此定位SJ后T)but車蜥處。轉(zhuǎn)折處的主題句式"thingsmaynotabsolutely

clear-cut^z作者持的是否認態(tài)度，選擇答案B。C選項是作者態(tài)度不明確，不能選擇。

32答案Awinningtrustfromconsumers

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??fτ:他書好I膩欠段。欠段內(nèi)