人教版高中英語選擇性學案UNIT3ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTION預習

Ⅰ.匹配詞義a．匹配下列單詞詞義()1.emission A．vt.&vi()2.fuel B．vt.對……處以罰款()3.worldwide C．vi.&vt.改革；(使)改正；改造 n．改革；變革；改良()4.broadcast D．n.公司；企業(yè)；事業(yè)()5.policy E．vt.恢復；使復原；修復()6.reform F．n.燃料；刺激性言行()7.submit G．n.政策；方針；原則()8.enterprise H．vt.&vi n．廣播節(jié)目；電視節(jié)目()9.restore I．n.排放物；散發(fā)物；排放()10.fine J．adv.遍及全球地 adj.世界各地的；影響全世界的[答案]1—5IFJHG6—10CADEBb．匹配下列短語詞義()1.resultin A．許多；很多()2.takeaction B．對……產生影響()3.carryout C．指的是()4.dozensof D．被困在；陷入困境；陷入()5.haveanimpacton E．采取措施()6.referto F．導致()7.betrappedin G．執(zhí)行；實施()8.onbehalfof H．代表(代替)某人[答案]1—5FEGAB6—8CDHⅡ.默寫單詞1．meltvi.&vt. (使)融化；熔化；軟化2．implementvt. 使生效；貫徹；執(zhí)行3．moderateadj. 適度的；中等的；溫和的vi.&vt. 緩和；使適中4．annualadj. 每年的；一年的n. 年刊；年鑒5．volumen. 量；體積；(成套書籍中的)一卷6．campaignn. 運動；戰(zhàn)役vi.&vt. 參加運動；領導運動7．sensitiveadj. 敏感的；善解人意的；靈敏的8．nuclearadj. 原子能的；核能的；原子核的9．garbagen. 垃圾；廢物10．ecologyn. 生態(tài)；生態(tài)學Ⅰ.選詞填空restore；trend；sensitive；release；melt；submit；campaign；worldwide；undergo；policy1．Thesnowhadmelted，butthelakewasstillfrozensolid.2．Humouriswonderfulforreleasingtension.3．Hisbookshavesoldmorethan20millioncopiesworldwide．4．Thereisagrowingtrendtowardsearlierretirement.5．Thepanyhasadoptedafirmpolicyonshoplifting.6．Somechildrenundergoapletetransformationwhentheybeeteenagers.7．TheysubmittedtheirreportstotheChancelloryesterday.8．Sheisverysensitivetootherpeople'sfeelings.9．Shemaynothavethemoneytomaintainorrestoreherhouse.10．Todaypolicelaunchedacampaigntoreduceroadaccidents.Ⅱ.語法填空之派生詞1．Overthreehundredpeoplehavediedofstarvation(starve)sincethebeginningoftheyear.2．Makingthehousehabitable(habit)wasamajorundertaking.3．Thisiswhythefocusnowisonsustainable(sustain)development.4．TheRoughGuidetoNepalisaprehensive(prehension)guidetotheregion.5．Ifrequently(frequent)usesunflowersassymbolsofstrength.6．Thegovernmenthasagreedtoliftrestrictions(restrict)onpressfreedom.7．Itisaharmonious(harmony)munitywherepupilsarehappyandindustrious.8．Yetmuchoftheirsuccessreflectsgoodmanagementandgoodregulations(regular)．9．Allproductshavetopassstrictinspection(inspect)beforetheygoout.10．Histoleration(tolerate)ofherbehaviouramazedme.1．Accordingtothescientistswhofounditsdeadbody，allthatremainedofthepolarbearwas“skinandbones”.據發(fā)現(xiàn)其尸體的科學家稱，北極熊僅存的只是“皮包骨頭”。2．Expertsclaimedthatlowsea-icelevelscausedbyclimatechangemeantthebearcouldnothuntsealsasbefore，soithadtotravelgreaterdistancesinordertofindfood.專家稱，由于氣候變化導致的海洋冰川位置低意味著這只熊不能像以前那樣捕獵海豹，因此它必須走更遠的距離才能找到食物。3．Climatescientistsoftenmentionakeyclimateprocesscalledthe“greenhouseeffect”，whichhastwomonmeanings：the“natural”greenhouseeffectandthe“man-made”greenhouseeffect.氣候學家經常提到一個關鍵的過程，叫作“溫室效應”，它有兩個共同的含義：“自然”溫室效應和“人為”溫室效應。4．Greenhousegasesintheatmosphere，suchasmethaneandcarbondioxide，trapsomeoftheheat，keepingEarth'sclimatewarmandhabitable.大氣層中的溫室氣體，如甲烷和二氧化碳，捕獲了一些熱量，保持了地球氣候的溫暖和宜居。5．Thereisstrongandprehensiveevidencethattheriseintemperaturehasledtoanincreaseinextremeweatherandnaturaldisastersworldwide，notonlycausingseriousdamage，butalsocostinghumanlives.有確鑿而全面的證據表明，氣溫上升導致全球極端天氣和自然災害增多，不僅造成嚴重破壞，而且造成人員傷亡。名師圈點①decaden．十年②graphn．圖；圖表；曲線圖③atmospheren．大氣層；氛圍④meltvi.&vtmeltingice正在融化的冰⑤evidencen．證據；根據⑥dramaticadj.巨大的；令人震驚的；戲劇性的⑦Svalbard斯瓦爾巴群島(又譯斯瓦爾巴特、斯匹次卑爾根群島)意為冷岸海岸。位于北極地區(qū)的群島，是挪威最北界國土范圍的屬地，它坐落在歐洲大陸北方，于挪威大陸與北極點兩者之間。⑧skinandbone皮包骨頭⑨starvevi.&vtstarvationn．饑餓；挨餓；餓死⑩claimvt.宣稱；聲明；斷言?alarmingadj.使人驚恐的；令人驚慌的；引起恐慌的?haveanimpacton...對……產生影響?ecologyn．生態(tài)；生態(tài)學?averageadj.平均的n．平均數(shù)?referto指的是；參考；查閱?short-wave短波的?releasevt.&n.排放；釋放；發(fā)布?lengthn．長；長度?methanen．甲烷；沼氣?carbondioxide二氧化碳eq\o(○,\s\up3(21))habitableadj.適合居住的eq\o(○,\s\up3(22))sustainvt.維持；遭受；承受住eq\o(○,\s\up3(23))extraadj.額外的eq\o(○,\s\up3(24))fossiln．化石eq\o(○,\s\up3(25))betrappedin被困在；陷入困境；陷入eq\o(○,\s\up3(26))prehensiveadj.全部的；所有的；詳盡的eq\o(○,\s\up3(27))extremeadj.極度的；極端的eq\o(○,\s\up3(28))worldwideadj.遍及全球地eq\o(○,\s\up3(29))appropriateadj.適當?shù)模磺‘數(shù)膃q\o(○,\s\up3(30))trendn．趨勢；趨向；動向eq\o(○,\s\up3(31))broadcastvt.&vi.播送；廣播；傳播eq\o(○,\s\up3(32))emissionn．排放物；散發(fā)物；排放eq\o(○,\s\up3(33))resultin導致eq\o(○,\s\up3(34))long-lasting持久的；長期的eq\o(○,\s\up3(35))individualn．個人eq\o(○,\s\up3(36))carbonfootprint碳足跡eq\o(○,\s\up3(37))restrictvt.限制；限定；束縛eq\o(○,\s\up3(38))seizevt.抓?。粖Z??；控制原文呈現(xiàn)CLIMATECHANGEREQUIRESTHEWORLD'SATTENTIONWehaveknownaboutclimatechangefordecades①.ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer(seethegraph②)．[1]Awarmingoceanandatmosphere③alongwithmelting④iceandrisingsealevelsprovideevidence⑤ofadramatic⑥changeintheglobalclimate.[1]Thereisnodoubtthat...……不容置疑的。In2013，alotofpeoplewereshockedbyanewsphotoofadeadpolarbearthatwasfoundon[2]Norway'sArcticislandofSvalbard⑦.Accordingtothescientistswhofounditsdeadbody，allthatremainedofthepolarbearwas“skinandbones⑧”．Anexpertwhohasstudiedpolarbearsformanyyearssaidthatfromthepositionofitsdeadbody[3]，thebearappearedtohavestarved⑨anddied.Expertsclaimed⑩thatlowsea-icelevelscausedbyclimatechangemeantthebearcouldnothuntsealsasbefore，soithadtotravelgreaterdistancesinordertofindfood.Thisalarming?caseshowedhowtheincreaseintemperaturehadanimpacton?Earth'secology?.[2]that引導定語從句，修飾adeadbear。[3]who引導定語從句修飾anexpert；that引導賓語從句。Thenwhatiscausingtheincreaseintheglobalaverage?surfacetemperature?Climatescientistsoftenmentionakeyclimateprocesscalledthe“greenhouseeffect”，whichhastwomonmeanings[4]:the“natural”greenhouseeffectandthe“man-made”greenhouseeffect.The“natural”greenhouseeffectrefersto?thefactthatheatfromthesunenterstheatmosphereandwarmsEarth'ssurfaceasshort-wave?radiation[5]．Theheatisreleased?backintospaceatlongerwavelengths?.Greenhousegasesintheatmosphere，suchasmethane?andcarbondioxide?，trapsomeoftheheat，keepingEarth'sclimatewarmandhabitableeq\o(○,\s\up9(21)).Withoutthisprocess，Earthcouldnotsustaineq\o(○,\s\up9(22))life.However，the“man-made”greenhouseeffecthasnowbeeabigproblem.Whenpeopleproducehugeamountsofextraeq\o(○,\s\up9(23))greenhousegasesbyburningfossileq\o(○,\s\up9(24))fuels，moreheatenergyistrappedineq\o(○,\s\up9(25))theatmosphereandcausesEarth'ssurfacetemperaturetorisequickly.[4]called...是過去分詞短語作定語；which引導非限定性定語從句。[5]that引導同位語從句，解釋thefact。Thereisstrongandprehensiveeq\o(○,\s\up9(26))evidencethattheriseintemperaturehasledtoanincreaseinextremeeq\o(○,\s\up9(27))weatherandnaturaldisastersworldwideeq\o(○,\s\up9(28))，notonlycausingseriousdamage，butalsocostinghumanlives[6]．Climatescientistshavewarnedthatifwedonottakeappropriateeq\o(○,\s\up9(29))actions，thiswarmingtrendeq\o(○,\s\up9(30))willprobablycontinueandtherewillbeahigherpricetopay.Infact，newsreportsarefrequentlybroadcasteq\o(○,\s\up9(31))aboutextremerainstormsandheatwavescausingdeathsandeconomiclosses.[6]that引導同位語從句，解釋evidence；causing和costing在句中作結果狀語。Continuedgreenhousegasemissionseq\o(○,\s\up9(32))willresultineq\o(○,\s\up9(33))furtherwarmingandlong-lastingeq\o(○,\s\up9(34))changestotheglobalclimate.Thisrequirestheattentionofpeopleallovertheworld.Governmentsneedtoconsidermakingpoliciesandtakingappropriateactionsandmeasurestoreducegreenhousegasemissions.Weasindividualseq\o(○,\s\up9(35))canalsoreduceour“carbonfootprinteq\o(○,\s\up9(36))”byrestrictingeq\o(○,\s\up9(37))theamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce.Itisourresponsibilitytoseizeeq\o(○,\s\up9(38))everyopportunitytoeducateeveryoneaboutglobalwarming，alongwithitscausesandimpacts，becausethisisthemostseriousissueaffecting