命題點2 從屬連詞

第三部分

語法專題精講練專題八

連詞命題點2

從屬連詞1.從屬連詞的分類2.從屬連詞的用法（1）引導賓語從句的連詞：that,

whether,

if——具體講解見本書“第三部分

語法專題精講練”專題十

主從復合句P131。（2）引導時間狀語從句的連詞從屬連詞含義用法例句when當……時具體用法和例句見下面的“何時用when，何時用while的判定方法”。while從屬連詞含義用法例句as當……時as引導的從句的動作與主句動作同時發(fā)生，但不用進行時，多用一般過去時。The

students

took

notes

as

they

listened.until/till直到until和till通?？梢曰Q，但是till不用于句首；“not…

until/till”意為“直到……才……”。You

may

stay

here

until

the

snow

stops.She

didn’t

go

to

bed

until

she

had

finished

her

homework.續(xù)表從屬連詞含義用法例句before在……之前主句的動作發(fā)生在從句動作之前。Did

she

leave

a

message

before

she

left？after在……之后主句的動作發(fā)生在從句動作之后。Molly

showed

me

lots

of

beautiful

pictures

after

I

got

to

her

home.續(xù)表從屬連詞含義用法例句since自從從句用一般過去時，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時。I

have

worked

in

this

companysince

I

came

to

this

city.as

soon

as一……就……從句動作一發(fā)生，主句的動作隨即發(fā)生。若主句用一般將來時，從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。I

will

visit

you

as

soon

as

I

come

back.續(xù)表何時用when，何時用while的判定方法①若主句的動詞是短暫性動詞，從句的動詞是延續(xù)性動詞，則when和while都可用。如：Our

teacher

came

into

the

classroom

when/while

we

were

chatting.②若主句和從句表示兩個同時進行的持續(xù)性動作，則要用while。如：My

mother

was

cooking

dinner

while

I

was

reading

a

book.③若從句的動詞是短暫性動詞，則要用when。如：It

was

raining

when

she

arrived

at

the

station.④若主句和從句的動作不是同時發(fā)生，而是有先后順序，則要用when。如：I

will

study

abroad

when

I

have

enough

money.⑤when可作并列連詞，意為“這時（突然）”，while也可作并列連詞，意為“而，卻”。如：He

was

ready

to

leave

home

when

the

phone

rang.I

like

watching

action

movies

while

she

likes

watching

comedies.（3）引導條件狀語從句的連詞從屬連詞含義用法例句if如果若主句用一般將來時，從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。If

it

doesn’t

rain,

I

will

go

on

a

picnic

with

my

friends.unless（if…

not）除非You

will

be

late

for

school

unless

you

go

now.=You

will

be

late

for

school

if

you

don’t

go

now.as/so

long

as只要I’ll

stay

as

long

as

you

need

me.（4）引導原因狀語從句的連詞連詞含義用法例句because因為表示因果關(guān)系的語氣最強，用來回答why引導的問句，所引出的原因通常是聽話人不知道或最感興趣的。I

can’t

go

shopping

with

you

because

I

have

to

look

after

my

little

sister.since因為；既然表示因果關(guān)系的語氣比because弱，引出的原因通常是人們已知的事實，因此經(jīng)常譯為“既然”。Since

everyone

is

here,

let’s

begin.連詞含義用法例句as因為as語氣比since弱，所引出的原因通常是人們已知的事實或者在說話人看來已經(jīng)很明顯的原因。As

she

is

not

well,

I

decide

to

go

alone.for因為語氣最弱，不表示直接原因，表示附加或推斷的理解。The

days

are

short,

for

it

is

December

now.續(xù)表（5）引導讓步狀語從句的連詞連詞含義用法例句although雖然；盡管不能與but連用，但是可以與yet或still連用。Although/Though

he

is

old,

he

is

very

strong.thougheventhough/even

if即使；雖然Even

though/Even

if

I

may

fail,

I

will

have

a

try.whenever無論什么時候引導讓步狀語從句時相當于no

matter

when。You

can

ask

for

help

whenever

you

need

it.wherever無論在哪里引導讓步狀語從句時相當于no

matter

where。Some

people

enjoy

themselves

wherever

they

are.連詞含義用法例句whatever無論什么引導讓步狀語從句時相當于no

matter

what。Whatever

difficulties

we

meet,

we

must

face

them

bravely.whoever無論是誰引導讓步狀語從句時相當于no

matter

who。Whoever

breaks

the

laws

should

be

punished.（6）引導目的狀語從句的連詞連詞含義用法例句so

that/in

order

that為了；以便后接句子。He

works

hard

so

that/in

order

that

he

can

live

a

better

life.續(xù)表（7）引導結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞連詞含義用法so…

that…如此……以至于……so+adj./adv.+that從句so+adj.+a/an+n.+that從句such…

that…such+a/an+adj.+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that從句such+adj.+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞+that從句

當名詞前有many,

much,

few,

little修飾時，應該用so，不能用such。如：

There

were

so

many

people

that

I

couldn’t

find

a

good

place

to

take

photos.3.狀語從句的時態(tài)（1）主將從現(xiàn)：在時間、條件狀語從句中，若主句是一般將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。①引導時間狀語從句：when,

while,

after,

before,

until,

whenever,

as

soon

as,

once等。如：I’ll

call

you

as

soon

as

I

get

to

Beijing.②引導條件狀語從句：if,

unless,

as/so

long

as,

in

case等。如：If

my

mother

allows

me

to

go

to

the

party,

I

will

be

very

happy.（2）since引導的時間狀語從句中，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時，從句用一般過去時。如：Our

English

teacher

has

worked

in

this

school

since

she

graduated

from

Peking

University.（3）主情從現(xiàn)：主句有情態(tài)動詞，從句使用一般現(xiàn)在時。如：You

can

get

good

grades

if

you

study

hard.（4）主祈從現(xiàn)：主句為祈使句，從句使用一般現(xiàn)在時。如：Be

careful

when

you

cut

the

fruit.隨堂練一、用方框中所給單詞完成句子if

since

because

whilealthough

as

soon

as

until1.I

will

never

give

up

my

dream

of

being

a

policeman

_________

there

are

many

difficulties.although2.You

should

phone

your

parents

___

you

come

home

late,

or

they

will

worry

about

you.if3.Jessie

has

begun

to

practice

dancing

______

she

moved

to

this

city

five

years

ago.since4.For

your

safety,

you

mustn’t

get

close

to

the

train

______

it

stops.until5.The

doctor

looks

tired

and

sleepy

________

he

stayed

up

late

to

look

after

his

patients

last

night.because6.It’s

rude

to

cut

in

on

others.

You

shouldn’t

start

speaking

______

they

are

talking.while7.____________

he

heard

the

little

girl

crying

for

help

outside,

he

rushed

out

of

the

room.As

soon

asunless

rain

before

though

meet8.Making

friends

is

not

easy.

Sometimes

it

can

take

years

_______

you

become

true

friends

with

someone.before9.I

think

my

junior

middle

school

life

is

colourful,________

I

am

always

busy.though10.You

can’t

make

progress

in

math

learning_______

you

work

harder.unless11.He

is

pretty

active

and

he’s

been

my

friend

since

we

_____

for

the

first

time.met12.If

it

______

tomorrow，

I’ll

stay

at

home

and

read

a

book.rains二、用方框中所給單詞完成語篇that

before

while

because

if

When

I

was

in

seventh

grade,

I

performed

badly.

I

always

liked

to

eat

or

listen

to

music

1.______

I

was

doing

homework.

This

bad

habit

led

to

my

poor

study.

2._________

my

mother

was

worried

about

me

a

lot,

she

asked

my

head

teacher

for

help.whileBecause

One

day,

3._______

I

was

about

to

leave

school,

my

head