職稱英語衛(wèi)生類新增文章譯文及解析稱英語衛(wèi)生類新增文章譯文及解析

ModifiedbyJEEPonDecember26th,2020.【經(jīng)典資料，WORD文檔，可編輯修改】【經(jīng)典考試資料，答案附后，看后必過，WORD文檔，可修改】2015年職稱英語(衛(wèi)生類)新增文章譯文及解析第十六篇EattoLive第十六篇為生存而食Ameagerdietmaygiveyouhealthandlonglife,butit’snotmuchfun—anditmightnotevenbenecessary.但這并不有趣——很有可能也沒必要Wemaybeabletohangontomostofthatyouthfulvigorevenifwedon’tstarttodietuntiloldage.度上保持住青春活力。StephenSpindlerandhiscolleaguesfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatRiversidehavefoundthatsomeofanelderlymouse’slivergenescanbemadetobehaveastheydidwhenthemousewasyoungsimplybylimitingitsfoodforfourweeks.Riverside爾及其同事發(fā)現(xiàn)，只要連續(xù)四周限制進食，它們的肝臟基因就會變得和衰老前一樣充滿活力。Thegeneticrejuvenationwon’treverseotherdamagecausedbytimeforthemouse,butcouldhelpitslivermetabolizedrugsorgetridoftoxins.會逆卻有助于這些老鼠的肝臟對藥物的新陳代謝毒素。indlersteamfedthreemiceanormaldietfortheirwholelivesandfedanotherthreeonhalf-rations3.老鼠正常量的飼料，而給另外三只老鼠Threemoremicewereswitchedfromthenormaldiettohalf-feed3foramonthwhentheywere34monthsold—equivalenttoabout70humanyears.給三只34個月大的老鼠(相當于人類年齡的70歲)喂了一個月的半量飼料，之Theresearcherscheckedtheactivityof000genesfromthemouselivers,andfoundthat46changedwithageinthenormallyfedmice.鼠基因隨年齡的改變而改變。Thechangeswereassociatedwiththingslikeinflammationandfreeradicalproduction一probablybadnewsformousehealth.內(nèi)自由基的產(chǎn)生有關——這對老鼠的健康來說不是什么好消息。Inthemicethathaddietedalltheirlives,27ofthose46genescontinuedtobehavelikeyounggenes.46種基因中的27種仍然繼續(xù)保持著Butthemostsurprisingfindingwasthatthemicethatonlystarteddietinginoldagealsobenefitedfrom70percentofthesegenechanges.是在老年時期節(jié)食的老鼠們受益于70%的異。isisthefirstindicationthattheseeffectskickinprettyquicklysaysHuberWarnerfromtheNationalInstituteonAgingnearWashingtonD.C.“這只是第一個這些效果迅速起作用的暗示”，來自華盛頓特區(qū)周邊的國家老年學學院的哈勃華納說。Nooneyetknowsifcalorierestrictionworksinpeopleasitdoesinmice,butSpindlerishopeful.“There’sattractingandtemptingevidenceouttherethatitwillwork,”hesays.Ifitdoesworkinpeopletheremightbegoodreasonsforrejuvenatingtheliver.如果這確實也對人類有效，我們有理由相信肝臟也可能恢復活力。Aswegetolder,ourbodiesarelessefficientatmetabolizingdrugs,forexample.天天衰老，我們的身體對藥物的新陳代謝越來越?jīng)]有。Abriefperiodoftimeofdieting,saysSpindler,couldbeenoughtomakesureadrugiseffective.節(jié)食，斯潘德爾說到，完全足以保證藥效。ButSpindlerisn’tsurethetrade-offisworthit.但是斯潘德爾并不確定這個方法值得嘗試。“Themicegetlessdisease,theylivelonger,butthey’rehungry,”“老鼠患病少了，壽命延長了，但是它們很饑餓，”hesays“Evenseeingwhatadietdoes,it’sstillhardtogotoarestaurantandsay:‘Icanonlyeathalfofthat,.”識到節(jié)食的功效，人們?nèi)匀缓茈y在餐館中說自己只能Spindlerhopeswesoonwon’tneedtodietatall.HiscompanyLifespanGeneticsinCalifornia,islookingfordrugsthathavetheeffectsofcalorierestriction.的壽命遺傳學公司，正在尋找有限制卡路里效能的詞匯：meageradj.不足的youthfuladj.有青春活力的vigorn.精力，活力metabolizevt.使(一種物質(zhì))進入新陳代謝過程geneticadjrejuvenationn恢復活力，返老還童hangonto：繼續(xù)保留。例如：Youshouldhangontothatpainting一itmightbeworthalotofmoneyoneday.你應該繼續(xù)保留那幅畫-----或許有一天它會值很多錢。2.Thegeneticrejuvenationwon’treverseotherdamagecausedbytimeforthemouse,butcouldhelpitslivermetabolizedrugsorgetridoftoxins的肝部基因恢復活力不會逆轉老鼠在其他方面的老化，但卻有助damagecausedbyof：擺脫，除去。3.half-ration和half-feed都是指“老鼠飼料正常定量(normaldiet)的一半”。4.freeradicalproduction:指體內(nèi)自由基的產(chǎn)生(形成)。tokickin.我們還在等著空調(diào)開始起作用。6.beworthit：意為“值得，有益”。如：Theyareexpensive,buttheyareworthit.那些東西很貴，但劃得來。習：1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrueAEatinglessthanusualmightmakeuslivelonger.BIfwegoonadietwhenold,wemaykeephealthy.CDietingmightnotbeneeded.DWehavetobegindietingsincechildhood.Dk“節(jié)食可能不是非做不可的事”，第二句講“即使上了年2.Whydoestheauthormentionanelderlymouseinparagraph2ATodescribetheinfluenceofoldageonmice.BToillustratetheeffectofmeagerfoodonmice.CTotellushowmice’slivergenesbehave.DToinformusoftheprocessofmetabolizingdrugs.B最好地回答了題干中的問題o3.WhatcanbeinferredaboutcompletelynormallyfedmicementionedinthepassageATheywillnotexperiencefreeradicalproduction.BTheywillexperiencemoregeneticrejuvenationintheirlifetime.CTheyhavemoreoldlivergenestobehavelikeyounggenes.DTheyaremorelikelytosufferfrominflammation.3.D4.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingmostinterestedthesearchersAThemicethatstarteddietinginoldage.Bofthose46oldgenesthatcontinuedtobehavelikeyounggenes.CCalorierestrictionthatworksinpeople.DDietingthatmakessureadrugiseffective.A最后一個句子講“但最驚人的發(fā)現(xiàn)是那些上了年紀才開始節(jié)食員感5.Accordingtothelasttwoparagraphs,SpindlerbelievesthatAcalorierestrictionisveryimportanttoyoungpeople.Bseeingtheeffectofadiet,peoplewillliketoeatlessthannormal.Cdietingisnotagoodmethodtogiveushealthandlonglife.Ddrugsdonothavetheeffectsofcalorierestriction.CSpindler食的看法。首先，他不能肯定節(jié)食是們不必節(jié)食。所以我們可以推知，他認為節(jié)食不是得Inwhatmaybebadnewsforbarsandpubs，aEuropeanresearchgrouphasfoundthatpeopledrinkingalcoholoutsideofmealshaveasignificantlyhigherriskofcancerinthemouthandneckthandothosetakingtheirlibationswithfood.就餐時間以外飲酒會使患口腔和頸部癌癥的幾率比就餐時飲酒更高。LuiginoDalMasoandhiscolleaguesstudiedthedrinkingpatternsof1,500patientsfromfourcancerstudies2andanother3，500adultswhohadneverhadinoDalMaso研究了取自四項癌癥研究的1，500個病例的飲酒習慣模式3，500個從沒患癌癥的成年人的飲酒習慣模式。Aftertheresearchersaccountedfortheamountofalcoholconsumed,theyfoundthatindividualswhodownedasignificantshareoftheiralcoholoutsideofmeals3facedatleasta50to80percentriskofcancerintheoralcavity,pharynx,andesophaguswhencomparedwithpeoplewhodrankonlyatmeals.量后，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)和只在就餐時飲酒的人相比，在就外灌下大量烈酒的人面臨至少50%80%的患口腔癌、咽癌和食道癌。,Consumingalcoholwithoutfoodalsoincreasedbyatleast20percentthelikelihoodoflaryngeal4cancer.在就餐時間外飲酒也會使患喉癌的可能性增加至少20%?！癛oughly95percentofcancersatthesefoursites5tracedtosmokingordrinking6bythestudyvolunteers，”DalMasosays.“被研究者的情況說明大約95%患以上四種癌癥的原因就是抽煙或飲酒”DalMaso說。Thediscouragingnewshisteamreportsisthatdrinkingwithmealsdidn’teliminatecancerriskatanyofthesites.中令人沮喪的消息是就餐時飲酒不會消除患以上任何一種癌癥的危險。FortheirnewanalysistheEuropeanscientistsdividedpeopleinthestudyintofourgroupsbasedonhowmanydrinkstheyreportedhavinginanaverageweek7.為了進行新的分析，歐洲科學家根據(jù)每星期平均飲酒量將被研究者分為4組。Thelowestintakegroupincludedpeoplewhoaveragedupto820drinks狂week.Thehighestgroupreporteddowningatleastservingsofalcoholweeklyforanaverageofeightormoreperday.周飲酒至少56杯，平均每天8杯以上。Cancerrisksforthemouthandnecksitesrosesteadilywithconsumptionevenforpeoplewhoreporteddrinkingonlywithmeals.上升，即使是那些只在就餐時飲人。Forinstancecomparedwithpeopleinthelowest-consumptiongroup,participantswhodrank21to34alcoholservingsaweekatleastdoubledtheircancerriskforallsitesotherthanthelarynx10.人相比，每周飲酒2134杯的人患除喉癌以外其他部位的癥的危險增加了一倍。Ifpeopleintheseconsumptiongroupstooksomeofthosedrinksoutsidemeals,thoseinthehigherconsumptiongroupatleastquadrupledtheirriskfororalcavityandesophagealcancers.高飲酒量組的人會使他們的危險至少增加3倍。Peopleinthehighestconsumptiongroupwhodrankonlywithmealshad10timestheriskoforalcancer,7timestheriskofpharyngealcancer,and16timestheriskofesophagealcancercomparedwiththosewhoaveragedorfewerdrinksaweekwithmeals.0杯的人相比，高飲酒量組的人在就餐時間飲酒患口腔癌的危險是低飲酒量組的10倍，咽癌是其7倍，食道癌是16倍。Incontrastlaryngealcancerriskinthehigh-intake,with-meals-onlygroup11wasonlytriplethat12inthelow-intakeconsumerswhodrankwithmeals.時飲酒的人患喉癌的危險是酒精低攝入且僅在酒的人的3倍。Alcoholcaninflametissues.Overtime,thatinflammationcantriggercancer.”DalMasosays.“酒精能使組織發(fā)炎，一段時間后，炎癥可引發(fā)癌癥。”DalMaso說。Hesuspectsthatfoodreducedcancerriskeitherbypartiallycoatingdigestive-tracttissuesorbyscrubbingalcoholoffthosetissues.的危險，或是通過覆蓋在消化道組織上或是通過將那些組織上擦掉。Hespeculatesthatthereasonlaryngealrisksweredramaticallylowerforallstudyparticipantstracestothetissue’slowerexposuretoalcohol.很多的原因是喉部組織被酒精侵害到的部分少詞匯：cavityn.腔pharynxn.咽pharyngealadj.咽的esophagusnophagealadjlarynxn.喉dthanthosetakingtheirlibationswithfooddo。這里的do是一個代詞，代替上半句中的haveasignificantlyhigherriskofcancerinthemouthandneck。2.drinkingpatternsof1,500patientsfromfourcancerstudies式3.downedasignificantshareoftheiralcoholoutsideofmeals：在就餐時間以外灌下大量烈酒。down：“喝下，灌下”；significant：意為“l(fā)argeinamount”(大量的)。4.laryngeal：larynx(喉)的形容詞形式。5.thesefoursites：指該段前兩句提到的oralcavity，pharynx,esophagus,larynx。ingordrinkingtraceto7.inanaverageweek：平均每星期8.upto：高達9.56servingsofalcoholweeklyforanaverageofeightormoreper平均每天8杯以上。eight后省略了servings意為“(食物或飲料的)一份”。11.high-intake,with-meals-onlygroup：(酒精)高攝入、僅在就餐時飲酒的(實驗)組。high-intake和with-meals-only在此都是合成形容詞，修飾group。wasonlytriplethat：是它的三倍。that指該句前半句中的laryngealcancerrisk。習：1.ResearchershavefoundthattheriskofcancerinthemouthandneckishigherwithpeopleAwhodrinkalcoholoutsideofmealsurBwhodrinkalcoholatmeals.Cwhoneverdrinkalcohol.Dwhodrinkalcoholatbarsandpubs.1.A文章第一個句子就是答案。2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheconclusionmadebytheresearchersabout“drinkingwithmeals”AIthasalowerriskofcancerthandrinkingwithoutfood.BItmayalsobeacauseofcancer.CItincreasesby20percentthepossibilityofcancerinallsites.DItdoesnoteliminatecancerriskatanyofthesites.C20%，而不是就的情況。所以C是正確答案。其他三項均在文中直接或間接提到。3.Approximatelyhowmanydrinksdothelowest-intakegroupaverageperdayA3drinks.B8drinks.C20drinks.D56drinks.A第二句告訴我們，酒精攝人量最低的一組每星期飲酒量達20杯4.WhichcancerriskisthelowestamongallthefourkindsofcancermentionedinthepassageAOralcancer.BLaryngealcancer.CPharyngealcancer.DEsophagealcancer.4.B文章第四段的第一句和第二句是由連接詞inntrastB是正確選項。5.Accordingtothelastparagraph,tissue’slowerexposuretoalcoholAexplainswhyinflammationtriggerscancer.Baccountsforwhyfoodcancoatdigestive-tracttissues.Cisthereasonwhyfoodcanscrubalcoholofftissues.Dreducestheriskoflaryngealcancer.5.D文章最后一句提供了答案。Ceremonialbathinghasexistedforthousandsofyearsandhasmanyforms,oneofwhichisthesauna.千年的歷史，并S有多種形式，其中的一種就是桑拿浴TheFinnshaveperfectedthesteambathorsaunawhichmaybetaken,usuallyinanenclosedroombypouringwateroverhotrocksorasadryheatbath。它可以在一個封閉的房間里將水澆在TheJapaneseGreeksTurksandRussiansaswellasNativeAmericanshaveformsofthesweatbathintheirbathingrituals.發(fā)汗浴這一形式。DryheatandsteambathshadadvocatesinancientRomeand'pre-ColumbianAmericansusedsweatlodges.，而哥倫布發(fā)現(xiàn)美洲大陸前的美洲Theearliestsaunaswereprobablyundergroundcavesheatedbyafirethatnaturallyfilledwithsmokeaschimneymakingwasunknownatthattime.洞起的。Afirekeptinafire-pitwouldheattherockwallsofthecave.山洞的四壁。Afterreachingfullheat,thesmokewasletoutofthecaveandthestoneswouldretainheatforseveralhours.時truesaunaexperienceandthatallsaunasshouldhaveatleastabackgroundodororsmoke.驗，而所有的桑拿浴都應該至少有煙熏或煙味兒的背景。Todaymostsaunasuseelectricstovesalthoughgasandwood-burningstovesareavailable.爐仍然可以使用，大多數(shù)的桑拿浴都是用電arerelaxingandstressrelievingThosewithmuscleachesorarthritismayfindthattheheatrelaxesmusclesandrelievespainandinflammation.痛或關節(jié)炎都可以利用桑拿浴的熱氣。Asthmapatientsfindthattheheatenlargesairpassagewaysofthelungandfacilitatesbreathing.熱氣還可以拓展哮喘患者的肺部通道，使呼吸更加順暢。onotcurethecommoncoldbuttheymayhelptoalleviatecongestionaridspeedrecoverytime.以減輕患者的胸悶感，加快康復的速Thebodyscoretemperatureusuallyrisesa-2degreeswhileinthesauna,thusimitatingaslightfever.在蒸桑拿浴時，人體溫度通常會上升1~2攝氏度，就像發(fā)低燒一樣的感覺。Thesaunacouldbeconsideredtofollowtheoldsaying“feedacold，starveafeverTheregularuseofasaunamaydecreasethelikelihoodofgettingacoldinthefirstplace.以在第一時間預防感冒的發(fā)生。aisgoodforyourskinasthebloodflowtotheskinincreasesandsweatingoccurs.蒸桑拿對皮膚也有好處，它可以促進皮膚的血液循環(huán)和出汗。Adultssweatabout2lbs8ofwaterperhouronaverageinasauna.要蒸發(fā)2磅的水。Agoodsweatremovesdirtandgrimefromporesandgivestheskinahealthyglow.清除毛孔中:的污垢Y使皮膚變得光潔。Thelossinwaterweightistemporaryasthebody'sphysiologicalmechanismswillquicklyrestorepropervolumes.機能能夠很快補充合適的水量。Thecardiovascularsystemgetsaworkoutastheheartmustpumpharderandfastertomovebloodtothesurfaceforheatexchange.在熱氣交換的過程中，心臟跳動得更快，這就使心血管系統(tǒng)也得到了鍛煉。erminute桑拿浴時的心率能從原來的平均每分鐘72下增加到每分鐘100-150下。Anormalheartcanhandlethesestressesbutthosewithhearttroublewishingtobegintouseasaunashouldseekadoctor'sadvice.這種變化，而那些心臟病患者在蒸桑拿浴之前應該征求議。Theelderlyandthosewithdiabetesshouldcheckwiththeirdoctorpriortobeginningtotakesaunas.Pregnantwomenshouldnottakesaunasparticularlyinthefirstthreemonths.是在懷孕的頭三個月。Indeedeveryonejuststartingoutshouldtakeshortsessions11atfirsttobecomeaccustomedtothistypeofbath.時間的，直到適應了這種沐浴方詞匯：saunan.(芬蘭式)蒸汽浴，桑拿浴estionnodorn道isinflammationnimencularadjdiabetesn1.ceremonialbathing:儀式性的沐浴。許多宗教都有這種以沐浴作為儀式的習俗。2.pre-ColumbianAmericans布前的美洲人。Columbian是Columbus的形容詞形式，意思是“3.fire-pit:火槽4.relaxingandstressrelieving:能使人放松并消除壓力。5.alleviatecongestionandspeedrecoverytime:減輕胸悶感，加快康復的速度。6.imitate:toappearlike;resemble:像;類似7.feedacold,starvea8.lb:pound(磅)的縮寫形式。9.cardiovascularsystem:心血管系統(tǒng)11.sessions:(做某事或進行某活動的)一段時間習：1.Ceremonialbathing_________.A)iscalledthesaunabyFinnsB)isequivalenttothesteambathC)hasvariousformsD)isheldinanenclosedroom1.C第一段的第一句告訴我們，ceremonialbathing有多種形式，其中一種是sauna。所以只有C是正確的選項。2.WhatisunderstoodbysomepeopletobethetruesaunaexperienceA)Saunasinundergroundcaves.B)Saunaswithsmoke.C)Saunasusingwoodburningstoves.D)Saunasusingelectricstoves.eodor也是指煙熏的氣味。3.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,saunascandoallofthefollowingEXCEPT.A)reducingthechanceofgettingcoldB)speedingrecoveryC)relievingstressD)curingasthma3.D該段最后一句說Theregularuseofasaunamaydecreasethelikelihoodofgettingacoldtheymayhelptospeedrecoverytime;第一句說Asthmapatientsfindthattheheatenlargesairpassagewaysofthelungand4.Accordingtothefourthparagraph,saunagivestheskinahealthyglowbecause_________.A)poresarecleanedbysweatB)waterislostbysweatingC)bloodmovestothesurfaceforheatexchangeD)theheartpumpsharderandfaster4.A該段第三句提供了答案。5.WhoareadvisednottotakeasaunaA)Elderlypeople.B)Pregnantwomen.C)Peoplewithhearttrouble.D)Alloftheabove.D告誡幾種人不能蒸桑拿浴，包括心臟病患者、老人、糖尿病患者、孕婦等。所以D是正確的選項。第二篇ABiologicalClockEverylivingthinghaswhatscientistscallabiologicalclockthatcontrolsbehavior.每一種生物都有控制它們行為的時鐘，科學家們稱之為生物鐘。shouldopenIttells__whentoleavetheprotectivecocoonsandflyaway，andittellsanimalsandhumanbeingswhentoeat,sleepandwake.告訴昆蟲何時離開防護卵Eventsoutsidetheplantandanimal_3__theactionsofsomebiologicalclocks.外界的變化會影響某些動植物的生物鐘。ntistsrecentlyfoundforexamplethatatinyanimalchangesthecolorofitsfur__4__thenumberofhoursofdaylight.現(xiàn)，有一種很小的動物，會隨著白天日照時間的長短改變Intheshortofwinter,itsfurbecomeswhite.Thefurbecomesgraybrownincolorinthelongerhoursofdaylightinsummer.季白天日照時間長，它的毛又變成棕灰Innersignalscontrolotherbiologicalclocks.生物，它們的生物鐘受體內(nèi)信號控制。Germanscientistsfoundthatsomekindofinternalclockseemstoorderbirdstobegintheirlongmigration__6__twiceeachyear.現(xiàn)，鳥類體內(nèi)的某種生物鐘迫使它們每年做兩次長距離遷移。becomecalmagainwhenthetimeoftheflighthasended.不安，而當這段時間過后，它們又恢復了平靜。entistssaytheyarebeginningtolearnwhichofthebraincontainbiologicalclocks.科學家們指出，他們開始探索大腦內(nèi)部的哪些部位存在生物鐘。AnAmericanresearcherMartinMoorhead,saidasmallgroupofcellsneartheomeofouractions一位美國的研究員，馬丁莫亥德(MartinMoorhead)曾指出，好像是人腦前部的一小群細胞控制著人體的行為。food.這些細胞控制著人體睡眠、蘇醒和覓食的時間。stssaythereprobablyareotherbiologicalclockcellsthatcontrolotherbodyactivities.另外，科學工作者推測，可能還有另外的生物鐘細胞控制人體的其他行為。oourwork.目前，莫亥德博士正在研究生物鐘對人們工作方面的影響。Forexamplemostofushavegreatdifficultyifwemustoftenchangetodifferentworkhours.cceptthemajorchangeinworkhours.要適應工作時間上的較大變動，可能需要相當長一段日子。Dr.Moorheadsaidindustrialofficialsshouldhaveabetterunderstandingofgcouldcutsicknessandaccidentsatworkandwouldhelpincreaseafactory’sproduction,的了解，懂得生物鐘對工詞匯：biologicaladj.生物(學)的insectn.昆蟲1.本句中謂語動詞tells的賓語由兩部分組成。第一部分是whentoformflowers不定式，第二部分是whentheflowersshouldopen,是名詞從句。從修辭上說，兩者有些不平衡。waywedoourworkthewayinwhichwedoourworkthewaythatwedoourwork.實際上，三種說法都成立。如：HespeaksEnglishthewaytheEnglishpeopledo.Idon’tunderstandthewayinwhichhedealtwiththematter.3.take作“花費，花去”解時可用于幾種不同的句型：Itwilltakemefivedaystocompletethework.Theworkwilltakemefivedaystocomplete.Tocompletethisworkwilltakemefivedays.習：1.A.scientistsB.humansC.plantsD.animalsC從后半句Whentoformflowersandwhentheflowersshouldopenplants這一大類，與動物類相對應2.A.insectsB.birdsC.fishD.snakes2.A后面出現(xiàn)的whentoleavetheprotectivecocoonsandflyawaysectsinsectsprotectivecocoons,而birds、fish和snakes都沒有。3.A.effectB.affectC.effectedD.affected3.Baffect思，而effect作為動詞則是“使發(fā)生;使生效”的意思。這里談論的是動植物生物鐘的一般情況，所以使用動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時。4.A.becauseB.forthereasonthatC.becauseofD.sinceC為其后是名詞。because和since都有“因為”的意思，但它們都是連詞，用來引導原因狀語從句,如:Hewillnotcomebecauseheisill.Sinceheisill,hewillnotcome.forthereasonthat后接句子，所以也不是答案。5.A.monthsB.daysC.minutesD.weeksB根據(jù)下句中的inthelongerhoursofdaylightinsummer和上句中的thenumberofhoursof6.A.flightB.flyC.movementD.transportationA有birds，migration這些詞，下一句又談及遷徙飛行前的躁動不fly是動詞，不能選擇;其他兩個選項7.A.preventedfromB.orderedbyC.helpedbyD.intrudedon7.A該句句子的主干是：主語birds,謂語becomerestless以，所填的詞是過去分詞，修飾birds。從上下文表達的意思判斷,orderedby(被命令)、helpedby(被幫助)和intrudedon(被強加)都不匹配，只有preventedfrom是合適的選擇。8.A.andB.butC.thereforeD.howeverB需使用連詞，連接該句中平行的兩個分句。而根據(jù)整個句形成反差對比：becomerestlesswhenthetimeoftheflighthasended，所以應選擇but,表示相反的兩層意思。9.A.portionsB.partsC.sectionsD.kinds9.Bportion是“一定數(shù)量;一份”,sectionkind都不符合上下文意思連貫的要求。唯有B是正確的選項。10.A.tryB.triesC.seemD.seemsDC為主語是group,而不是cells，所以要采用動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式seemsA和B不符合常識。11.A.thingsB.partsC.cellsD.actions11.CThese詞也在上文中出現(xiàn),但該詞不符合句意。選項A和B意思不準確。12.A.awakenB.wokeC.awakeningD.wake-upA的三個賓語都是帶疑問副詞的動詞不定式，所以都要用動詞原awaken，woke是wake的一般過去形式,awakening是形容詞,wake-up是名詞。13.A.howB.whyC.whereD.what13.Astudying句起首處應有個連詞。把C或D填入論的不是生物鐘為什么會影響AWeB.ItC.TheyD.Youhours，而此處需要一個形式主語，所以只能選擇It。15.A.soB.withC.suchD.if15.C該句中的understanding既然是上句中提到的betterunderstanding,C便是最佳的選項。其他三個選項均不符合語法。第九篇TheCaseoftheDisappearingFingerprintsOneusefulanticancerdrugcaneffectivelyerasethewhorlsandothercharacteristicmarksthatgivepeopletheirdistinctivefingerprints.夠清除籮狀指紋和其他使指紋與眾不同的標志。失去指紋可是會有很大麻煩。AcasereleasedonlineinaletterbyAnnalsofOncologyindicateshowbiga__2__oflosingfingerprintsis.一個被腫瘤學年報在網(wǎng)上公布的信件中說明了失去指紋會帶來多大麻煩。EngHuatTan,aSingapore-basedmedicaldoctordescribesa62-yearoldmanwhohasusedcapecitabineto__3__hisnasopharyngealcancer.Eng-HuatTan,咽癌62歲老人的經(jīng)歷dtovisitUSrelativeslastDecember.。ButhewasstoppedbyU.S.customsofficials__5__4hoursafterenteringthecountrywhenthoseofficialscouldn'tgetfingerprintsfromtheman.四小時之久，因為這些官員無法從他身上獲取指紋Therewerenodistinctiveswirlyappearingfromhisindexfinger.在他的食指上沒有旋渦狀的指紋標記。US.customshasbeenfingerprintingincomingforeignvisitorsforyears,Tansays.美國海關數(shù)年以來一直都會采集來訪外國人的指紋，Tan說。Theirindexfingersareandscreenedagainstdigitalfilesofthefingerprintsofbadguys—terroristsandpotentialcriminalsthatourfederalguardianshavebeentaskedwithkeepingoutofthecountry.采集并且和那些壞人的指紋進行數(shù)字化資料檔案比對——我們的聯(lián)邦衛(wèi)士的職責是要把那些恐怖分子和疑似罪犯檔在國門之外。UnfortunatelyfortheSingaporeantraveler，onepotential__8__effectofhisdrugtreatmentisasmoothingofthetissueonthefingerpads.__9__，nofingerprints.指尖上的肉墊組織變光滑，也就是說沒有指紋Itisuncertainwhenfingerprintlosswilltotakeplaceinpatientswhoaretakingcapecitabine，”Tanpointsout.“對于服用卡培他濱的病人來說，指紋何時會消失是不確定的。”Tan指出adoctorsnotepointingoutthattheirmedicinemaycausefingerprintstodisappear.人開具他們的藥物可能會使指紋消失的證明單。EventuallytheSingaporetravelermadeitintotheUnitedStates.Iguessthenameonhispassportdidn’traiseanyredflags.美國。我猜想他護照上的名字沒有帶有任何危險信號。Buthesalsonowgottheexplanatorydoctor’snote—andwon’tleavehomeministrationapproveduseofthedrugmedicine.該考慮更新該藥物的副作用清單.Thecurrentlistdoesnotethatpatientsmayexperiencevomiting,stomachpainandtionthepotentialforlossoffingerprints.人會經(jīng)歷嘔吐、胃痛和其他副作用，但是卻有提及失去指紋的潛在危險.詞匯：intnwhorln羅紋，籮狀指紋gynitabinennasopharyngealadj.鼻炎的jdigitn.開始vomitv.嘔吐capecitabine化療藥物，用于治療轉移性乳腺癌大腸癌、咽喉癌等，以減緩腫瘤生長。2.indexfinger:食指3.U.S.customs:美國海關。customs視作一個組織，用作單數(shù)名詞，所以在文章中后接has。4.terroristsandpotentialcriminalsthatourfederalguardianshavebeentaskedwithkeepingoutofthecountry是要把那些恐怖分子和疑似罪犯檔在國門之that個限制性定語從句，修飾terrorists叫dpotentialcriminals。that在定語從句中作keeping的賓語。5.traveler:旅行者。traveler是美國英語的拼法。英國英語的拼法是traveller。6.thetissueonthefingerpads:指尖上的肉墊組織7.Eventually,theSingaporetravelermadeitintotheUnited8.redflags:(表示危險的)紅旗，即危險信號。揮動紅旗表示危險，最初用于鐵路，后redflags或紅色小旗表示業(yè)績下降等。9.theFoodandDrugAdministration:美國食品和藥物局10.Thecurrentlistdoesnote有的副作用清單中確實列出。在肯定句謂語動詞前加用do/does/did,是為了強調(diào)該動詞，漢語可譯為“確實”。如：HespeaksChinese,English,French,SpanishandRussian.HedoesspeakChinese,English,French,SpanishandRussian.漢語，英語，法語，西班牙語和俄語。)習：1.A.he.B.them.C.her.D.himB根據(jù)上下文的意思，失去(losing)的應該是fingerpririts。fingerprints是復它的代詞是them。其他三個代詞都不合適。2.A.theme.B.topic.C.creation.D.problemD說，失去指紋是一大問題。本句說，要舉出一個實例以說項D最合適。3.A.treat.B.cut.C.find.D.smoothA描述了實例的細節(jié)。第一句說病人用一種藥名為卡培他濱的抗treat是必然的選擇。cut(切割)，find(尋找)smooth平)都與上下文接不上。4.A.recovery.B.diet.C.drug.D.diagnosis“治療”等字眼，所以選drug是正確的。選recovery(康復)，diet(節(jié)食)或diagnosis(診斷)都與后面提到的病人進入美國受阻的事件接不上。5.A.in.B.at.C.for.D.onCfor達到”，for4hours意為“長達4小時”。6.A.digits.B.marks.C.images.D.picturesB采集不到那位癌癥患者的指紋樣本，于是盤問了他4小時s7.A.printed.B.located.C.cured.D.placedA止恐怖分子和罪犯進入美國，美國海關通過電腦對國人境者進。根據(jù)常理，海關要檢查每一位外國人的指紋。采樣的手指是食指。后面的screened(比照)是解題的重要線索，引導讀Aprintedprinted=fingerprinted(采集指紋樣本)。其他三個選項,即located(找出)、cured(治療)和placed(置放)，都與上下文的意思接不上。8.A.normal.B.good.C.main.D.side9.A.However.B.Hence.C.Moreover.D.Furthermorener10.A.begin.B.like.C.decide.D.have10.A本段表達的意思是:提前為病人開具指紋可能會消失的證明單。totakeplace(發(fā)生)之前填上like,decide或have都與上下文的意思接不上，只有begin最合適。11.A.prevent.B.preserve.C.presume.D.prescribe11.D參閱上一題的題解。本題四個選項中的英語詞的前三個字母都是pre-prescribe選D。12.A.off.B.on.C.without.D.withC不會不帶上它。本題without是答案。位病人已單，現(xiàn)在他出門13.A.who.B.where.C.when.D.which13.D哪一個政府機構許可(approved)第一句提到的theFoodandDrugAdministration選項中，只有關系代詞which能指代theFoodandDrugAdministration，它是approved動作的發(fā)出者。14.A.updating.B.using.C.printing.D.cancellingA段表達的意思是:過去該藥列出的不良反應只包括嘔吐等，沒有A.must.B.does.C.may.D.shouldsofgerprintsnowheredoesitmentionthepotentialforlossoffingerprints”。所以，答案是B。xerciseGetHigherIQScores第十四篇運動的年輕人智商更高andSahlgrenskaUniversityHospital.該校校醫(yī)院的一項最新研究表明，身體健。TheresultswererecentlypublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences(PNAS).發(fā)表在美國國家科學院學報上。ThestudyinvolvedmillionSwedishmendoingmilitaryservicewhowerebornbetween1950and1976.TheresearchgroupanalyzedtheofbothphysicalandIQteststheyoungsterstookrightaftertheystartedservingthearmy.了體能測試和智能測試，研究人員對這兩類測試數(shù)據(jù)進行了分析。Thestudyshowsaclearlink_goodphysicalfitnessandbetterresultsfortheIQtest.研究表明，健康的體能和優(yōu)秀的智能測試結果之間的聯(lián)系很明顯。Thestrongestlinksareforthinkingandverbalcomprehension.的就是科學思維和語言理解能力與身體健康有關。Butitisonlyfitnessthatplaysa__5__intheresultsfortheIQtest，andnotstrength.商測試結果中只是健康在起作用，而與力量無關?！癇eingfitmeansthatyoualsohavegoodheartandlung__6__andthatyourbraingetsplentyof__7__，”saysMichaelNilsson,professorattheSahlgrenskaAcademyandchiefphysicianattheSahlgrenskaUniversityHospital.“身體健康是指，一個人心肺功能好，能將充足的氧氣源源不斷地輸入給大腦究院校醫(yī)院首席內(nèi)科醫(yī)師邁克爾尼爾森“Thismaybeoneofthereasons__8__wecanseeaclearlinkwithfitness,butnotwithmuscular__9__.，“也許這存在明顯聯(lián)系，而與肌肉力量無關的原Wearealsoseeingthattherearegrowthfactorsthatareimportant.”titisprimarilyenvironmentalfactorsandnotgenesthatexplainthelinkbetween以得出結論，智商差異來自后天的環(huán)境越高。Wehavealsoshownthatthoseyoungsterswhotheirphysicalfitnessbetweentheagesof15and18increasetheircognitiveperformance,”saysMariaAberg,researcherattheSahlgrenskaAcademyandphysicianatAbyhealthcentre.“我們還發(fā)現(xiàn)，在15~byThisbeingthecasephysicalisasubjectthathasanimportantplaceinschoolsandisanabsolutemustifwewanttodowellinmathsandothertheoreticalsubjects.”“倘若情況果然如此，那么體育應成為學校中重要的一門學科，而且如果我們育課是非常有必要的的體格測試和智商測試的結果與他們后濟地位進行了比較。Thosewhowerefitatweremorelikelytogointohighereducation,andmanysecuredmorequalifiedjobs.歷更髙，很多都能勝任高要求的工作。詞匯：proceedingsn.學報，論文集comprehensionn解muscularadj.肌肉的1.IQ:智商。IQ是intelligencequotient的縮寫。2.revealsamajornewstudy：amajornewudyrevealssaysMichaelNilsson”和第五段出現(xiàn)的“saysMariaAberg”也是同一類型的倒裝句。3.SahlgrenskaAcademy：瑞典哥德堡大學健康科學研究院4.theProc