專題04狀語從句口語4閱讀理解B篇（知識全梳理）2024年新高考英語二輪總復習培優(yōu)全

專題04狀語從句+口語4+閱讀理解B篇（知識全梳理）·模塊一狀語從句·模塊二口語：快速應答·模塊三閱讀理解B篇·模塊四高考?？荚~組4·模塊五2024屆上海高三名校真題速遞模塊模塊一狀語從句考點一：狀語從句連詞狀語從句連詞時間基本類：when,while,as,whenever,before,after,since,till,until,once,assoonas；名詞類：themoment,theminute,thesecond,theinstant,everytime,eachtime,(the)nexttime,thelasttime,anytime,thefirsttime；副詞類：immediately,directly,instantly,presently；短語類：nosooner…than,hardly/scarcely…when,bythetime.地點where,wherever,everywhere條件if,unless,as(so)longas,onconditionthat,providing/providedthat,suppose/supposingthat,incase原因because,since,as,nowthat,seeingthat,consideringthat,giventhat(鑒于),inthat讓步though,although,evenif(though),while,as,whatever,wherever,whoever,however,nomatter+wh詞,whether…or,比較as…as,notso/as…as,than,themore…themore方式as,asif(though)目的that,sothat,inorderthat,incase,forfearthat,lest結果sothat,so…that,such…that考點二：?？歼B詞1、before“還沒……就”Itwillbe+一段時間+beforesb.doessth.表將來常譯作“還要多久才會……”Itwas+一段時間+beforesb.didsth.表過去常譯作“過了多久才……”Islippedoutbeforethelecturestarted.HeisleavingforAustraliaanditwillbethreeyearsbeforeheesback.Duringthewarhejoinedthearmyanditwasthreeyearsbeforehecameback.2、nosooner…than,hardly/scarcely…when注意時態(tài)與倒裝Ihadhardlyclosedmyeyeswhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.＝HardlyhadIclosedmyeyeswhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.3、bythetimeBythetimehearrives,wewillalreadyhaveleftCalifornia.Bythetimehearrived,wehadalreadyleftCalifornia.4、so/such...that單數(shù)名詞:such+a/an+形容詞十名詞=so+形容詞+a/an+名詞不可數(shù)名詞或復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞:such...that名詞前有many，much，little，few修飾時:so…that5、as/thoughChildasheis,heknowsalot.MuchasIadmirehiscourage,Idon'tthinkheactedwisely.Failashedid,hewouldnevergiveup.6、nomatter+wh詞和由疑問詞＋everWe'llhavetofinishthejob,however(nomatterhow)longittakes.Nomatterwhat(Whatever)youdo,don'ttellhimthatItoldyouthis.考點三：兩個空?？歼B詞themoment,everytime,nowthat,sothat,incase,evenif/though,asif/thoughWewon'tgiveupevenifweshouldfailtentimes.Hewalkedslowlyasifhehadhurthisleg.Takeahatwithyouincasethesunisveryhot.考點四：三個空?？歼B詞:assoonas,bythetime,as/solongas,inorderthat,nomatter+wh詞You'lldoallrightaslongasyoufollowhisadvice.Nomatterwhereyougo,Iwouldkeepyoupany.Thesemenrisktheirlivesinorderthatwemaylivemoresafely.當堂檢測1．Though(attack)withcancer,hestillkeepsoptimistic.(所給詞的適當形式填空)2．Igethimajob,he’llbefine.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)3．reasonsmaybebehindit,people’sattitudestowardlefthandednesshavechangedalotovertheyears.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)4．Asamatteroffact,IbeganplayingfootballIwasonlyeightyearsold,andIhavebeengoodatit.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)5．timewenton,thewholeforestwasalmostdestroyed.Thegreenhillshavegraduallychangedintoawasteland.（用適當?shù)脑~填空）6．Heputoffhisdeparturehissistercame.（用適當?shù)脑~填空）7．TheaudienceliketheseTVpetitionstheparticipantsaregivenachancetobreakoutoftheireverydaylifeandbeespecial.（用適當?shù)脑~填空）8．StrassersaidLowellgotinthroughthebackdoor,whichhekeptopenatnightsothatBonnie

getintothebackyard.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)9．itisablindpersonseekingguidanceoranelderlypersonseekingsupport,therailisthereforwalking.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)10．Involvingthekidsinplanningthevacationmakessurethattheyhaveagreatvacationtoo.Iprefertovisithistoricalsitesandmuseumswhiletheylovetofishandswim.SoIbuildinsomerelaxationtimeforusallthevacationcanworkforeveryone.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)11．mysiblingsandIweregrowingup,Ialwayssensedsomethingwasmissinginmylife,somethingfundamentaltomyveryidentity,towhoIwasandwhereIcamefrom.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)12．Generoushusbandhemightbe,hewasmorethanangrywithhiswife—shespentalltheirsavingsonadiamondnecklace.（用適當?shù)脑~填空）13．You’llfailinthedrivingtestyouhavemorepractice.（用適當?shù)脑~填空）14．WhoknowshowlongitwillbeMrSmithwantstotrysomethingelse?(用適當?shù)脑~填空)15．Thestorytellsusthatyouwanttogetsomething,youmustworkhardforit.（用適當?shù)脑~填空）16．PhysicalEducationinschoolscanteachusendurancesomethingweallneedlifebeestough.（用適當?shù)脑~填空）17．Ithasbeenthreehoursthepolicemancaughttherobber.（用適當?shù)脑~填空）18．Youwillmissthetrainyouhurryup.（用適當?shù)脑~填空）19．thefoxarrivedatthestork’shome,hesawthattheywerealsohavingsoupfordinner.（用適當?shù)脑~填空）20．Mr.Brownsaidfirmly,“IknewIhadtogothepeopleweresuffering.”(用適當?shù)脑~填空)參考答案：1．a(chǎn)ttacked【詳解】考查時態(tài)，語態(tài)和省略。句意：雖然患了癌癥，他仍然保持樂觀。句子表示“雖然患了癌癥，他仍然保持樂觀”，由keeps可知，句子時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，he和attack是邏輯動賓關系，因此用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，though引導的讓步狀語從句是Thoughheisattackedwithcancer，從句中主語和主句主語一致，且從句中有be動詞，因此可省略從句中的主語和be動詞，因此空格處是attacked。故填attacked。2．Once/If【詳解】考查條件狀語從句。句意：一旦/如果我給他找份工作，他就會沒事的。由“Igethimajob,he’llbefine”可知，句子表示“一旦/如果我給他找份工作，他就會沒事的”，空格處意為“一旦/如果”，用once/if，引導條件狀語從句，位于句首，首字母大寫，故填Once或If。3．Nomatterwhat/Whatever【詳解】考查連詞。句意：不管背后的原因是什么，多年來人們對左撇子的態(tài)度發(fā)生了很大變化。根據(jù)句意可知，本句讓步狀語從句，修飾名詞reasons，應用nomatterwhat/whatever。故填Nomatterwhat/Whatever。4．when【詳解】考查時間狀語從句。句意：事實上，我八歲的時候就開始踢足球了，而且一直踢得很好。由句意可知空處應填引導詞when，引導時間狀語從句。故填when。5．As【詳解】考查連詞。句意：隨著時間的流逝，整個森林幾乎被摧毀。青山漸漸變成了一片荒地。分析句子結構可知。此處應該填連詞引導狀語從句，結合句意，此處是表示“隨著”的連詞引導時間狀語從句，且空格位于句首。故填As。6．until【詳解】考查時間狀語從句。句意：他推遲出發(fā)，直到他妹妹來了。分析句子結構可知，空處引導時間狀語從句，根據(jù)句意知，表達“直到”之意，應用until引導。故填until。7．because/since/as【詳解】考查原因狀語從句。句意：觀眾喜歡這些電視比賽，因為參賽者有機會跳出他們的日常生活，變得特別。分析空處前后句意可知，前后構成因果關系，所以空處引導原因狀語從句，可用because或者since或者as引導，三者都是“因為”之意，都可引導原因狀語從句。故填because或者since或者as。8．could【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞和目的狀語從句。句意：Strasser說Lowell是從后門進來的，他晚上一直開著后門，這樣邦妮就能進入后院。結合句意空處應填情態(tài)動詞could，sothat引導目的狀語從句時經(jīng)常與情態(tài)動詞can/could/beableto連用。故填could。9．Whether【詳解】考查讓步狀語從句。句意：無論是尋求指導的盲人還是尋求支持的老年人，扶手都是用來步行的。分析可知，本句是讓步狀語從句，用whether...or...引導，符合句意和語境要求，句首單詞首字母大寫，故填Whether。10．sothat【詳解】考查連詞。句意：讓孩子們參與計劃假期可以確保他們也有一個很棒的假期。我喜歡參觀歷史古跡和博物館，而他們喜歡釣魚和游泳。所以我為大家安排了一些放松時間，這樣每個人都能享受假期。sothat以便，引導目的狀語從句。根據(jù)句意，故填sothat。11．While/When/As【詳解】考查時間狀語從句。句意：在我的兄弟姐妹和我在成長的過程中，我總是感覺到我的生活中缺少了一些東西，一些關于我身份的基本東西，我是誰，我來自哪里。分析可知，設空處引導的時間狀語從句，可以用While/When/As連接，故填While/When/As。12．a(chǎn)s/though【詳解】考查讓步狀語從句。句意：盡管他可能是個慷慨的丈夫，但他對妻子非常生氣——她把他們所有的積蓄都花在一條鉆石項鏈上了。分析句子，設空處引導的是讓步狀語從句，表示“盡管”用as/though，此處構成了倒裝表語的結構。故填as/though。13．unless【詳解】考查條件狀語從句。句意：除非你多練習，否則你駕駛考試不及格。分析句子可知，這里指只有更多的練習才會通過駕照測試，所以空處引導的為條件狀語從句，空處用“除非”，unless“除非”，故填unless。14．before【詳解】考查連詞。句意：誰知道史密斯先生要過多久才會想嘗試別的東西呢？itwillbe...before...意為“要過多久才會……”，為固定句式，所以此處應用連詞before表示“在……之前”引導時間狀語從句。故填before。15．if/when【詳解】考查狀語從句。句意：這個故事告訴我們，如果/當你想得到什么東西（時），你必須努力工作。分析可知，本句為含有賓語從句的復合句，賓語從句中同時含有狀語從句。結合句意，空處引導的從句可作為條件狀語，也可作為時間狀語從句，因而空處填if/when，故填if/when。16．when【詳解】考查連詞。句意：學校的體育課可以教會我們耐力，當生活變得艱難時，我們都需要一些東西。分析句子結構可知，此處應該為連詞引導的狀語從句，結合句意可知，此處表示的是“當……時候”。故填when。17．since【詳解】考查連詞。分析句子結構可知，此處應該填連詞引導狀語從句，根據(jù)空前主句謂語是現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，空后從句謂語是一般過去時態(tài)，可知，此處為since意為“自從”引導的時間狀語從句，結合句意，since符合邏輯。故填since。18．unless【詳解】考查條件狀語從句。句意：除非你快點，否則你會錯過火車。分析句子結構可知，此處是條件狀語從句，結合句意，此處表示“除非”，應用unless引導。故填unless。19．When【詳解】考查時間狀語從句。句意：當狐貍到達鸛家時，他看到他們也在吃湯作為晚餐。分析句子結構可知，此處引導狀語從句，結合句意可知，意為“當……時候”，應用when引導，且位于句首，首字母要大寫。故填When。20．wherever/where【詳解】考查狀語從句。句意：布朗先生堅定地說：“我知道我必須去人們受苦的地方?！狈治鼍渥涌芍?，空處引導地點狀語從句，用where或wherever引導，故填where/wherever。模塊模塊二口語：快速應答1、評分標準：(每題1分，共4分）1分 能對所給的情景進行應答，內(nèi)容正確，且基本符合英語表達習慣。0.5分應答內(nèi)容正確，語言表達有些錯誤。0分 應答內(nèi)容不正確。2、快速應答答題提示：解題關鍵是是聽懂題目所表達的功能意念，然后作出相應合理得體的回答。絕大部分題目的功能要求都是一目了然的。但要注意，有的題目要求需要讀懂文字背后的真實用意。例如，題目雖然是一般疑問句的形式，但它的功能作用不是要聽到“Yes”或“No”的應答，而是尋求具體的信息（如推薦吃飯的餐廳，游玩的公園等）。因此，如果沒有正確理解題目的功能要求，就會影響應答的正確性。很多情況下，一句話因時間、地點、說話人身份等因素而意思不同，有時還可以同時表達兩種功能意義。3、習慣應答和交際用語習慣應答常用于感謝的應答用語Youarewele./Don’tmentionit./Itismypleasure(Mypleasure)./Notatall./That’sallright./I’mglad(happy)that…/I’mgladyoulike(enjoy)it.常用于道歉的應答用語Nevermind./Itdoesn’tmatter./Notatall./That’sallright./Thatisnothing.常見的祝愿和祝賀用語Goodluck!/Bestwishestoyou./Haveanicetime./Wishyouapleasantjourney./Congratulations!/MerryChristmas!/Happybirthdaytoyou.常見的祝愿和祝賀的應答用語Thankyou./Thesametoyou./You,too.接受請求和邀請的應答用語Withpleasure./I’dbehappy(glad)to…/Yes,helpyourself./Noproblem./Goodidea./Soundsgood./Whynot?拒絕請求和邀請的應答用語Sorry,but…/I’dratheryou…/Thankyou,but…/Noway!/Forgetit.問候的應答用語有Howdoyoudo?/Fine,thankyou.介紹的應答用語有Veryglad(pleased)toseeyou.接的習慣用語ThisisLiMingspeaking.服務人員的應答用語Yes,Sir./Yes,Madam./Takeyourtime.對剛剛提出的說法或意見持肯定態(tài)度時Yes,Ithink(suppose,belief)so.Yes—I’mafraidso對剛剛提出的說法或意見持否定態(tài)度時No,IWon’tthink(suppose)so./No，Idon’tbelieveso.No,Ibelieve(suppose)not.No,Ihopenot./No,Iamafraidnot.用于表示請求對方允許的應答問“Doyoumind…”同意：No,goahead./No,ofcoursenot./No,notatall.不同意：I’msorryIdo.表達自己的態(tài)度和情感表示不肯定或沒把握Iamafraidthat…/Itdepends./It’suptoyou表示不耐煩和催促的用語有:Well,well./eon./Hurryup.驚奇和有把握的用語有Nowonder…/Nodoubt…交際用語1.Withpleasure.當然了，十分愿意。(客氣的接受或同意).對別人提出的請求給予肯定的回答。Mypleasure./It’sapleasure.“不客氣”或“不用謝”，用來回答別人表示感謝的用語。2.Notroubleatall.—點也不麻煩。Don’tmentionit.別客氣(回答別人感謝時的應答語)。Youarewele.不客氣（回答別人感謝時的應答語）。3.Nevermind不要緊（沒關系）It’sallright.沒關系，沒事的.Itdoesn’tmatter.不要緊。Notatall不必客氣。（對別人感謝的應答）That’sallright沒關系，沒什么，那行It’snothing./That’snothing這沒什么Idon’tthinkso.我不這樣認為(不同意對方看法時的用語)4.Noway.沒門Nodoubt.毫無疑問Nowonder.難怪Noproblem.沒問題（回答別人請求時的用語）Nohurry.不用急Nosense.沒有意義Nouse.沒用5.It/Thatdepends.視情況而定It’shardtosay.很難與Ihatetosaythis.我不想這樣說It’suptoyou.由你來決定6.Notreally不完全是，不真的是Notexactly.不完全，不全是Notyet.尚未。Notlikely.絕對不會。Notintheleast絲毫不。7.Sowhat?那又怎樣？（表示不在乎的態(tài)度）Whatif?如果…怎么辦呢?Whatfor?為什么?Guesswhat!(用于吿訴對方令人激動的或驚訝的消息)Howe?怎么會…？（表示懷疑、驚訝）Really?真的嗎？（答話時表示感興趣或：陵舜）Whocares?誰管呢?(常用于無禮地表示)8.eon得了吧！加油！(用來鼓勵對方或催促對方)Goahead進行吧，干吧，用吧，請吧，繼續(xù)吧（表示贊同對方的做法）Don’tworry.不用擔心（表示安慰對方）9.Isay表示詫異、震驚等，提醒別人注意或引出新的話題。I’llsay!=Yes,indeed.明確表示肯定Idaresay.我想，很可能，大概10.Gotit知道了，明白了。Makeit.獲得成功，能夠出席(或到場）That’sit正是這樣Forgetit在口語中有4種用法:（1）用來回答道歉“沒關系，不必在意”；（2）表示不想提；“住嘴，別再煩人地說下去”;（3）表示不愿意重復說過的話，“別提它了”，（4）表示否定，“休想，不可能”4、練習Directions:InSectionA,youwillhearfoursentences.Makequickresponsestothesentencesyouhaveheard.1. Doyouhaveagoodparkaroundheretoremend?2. I’vejustgottenmyexamresults.Ifailed.3. Istillhaven’tdecidedwhattogetmybrotherforChristmas.4. Jane,whynotgooutforamealtonight?1. There'sonearoundthecornerofthestreet./Sorry,theparkisfarawayfromhere.2. I'msorrytohearthat./Takeiteasy.3. Whynotgethimatie?/He'llbepleasedforanythingyoubuyforhim.4. That'sagoodidea./Good.IknowaniceJapaneserestaurantnearby.模塊模塊三閱讀理解B篇應用文的文體特色：英語應用文指在日常工作和生活中使用的文體，一般可分為兩大類：一類是敘述性應用文，例如書信、日記、便條、報告、請?zhí)?；另一類是說明性應用文，包括廣告、啟事、海報、守則、公告、公約、個人簡歷、備忘錄、摘要等。近年普通高考英語試題主要涉及宣傳廣告、公告類應用文文章呈現(xiàn)形式：圖表（流程圖）、表格、項目符號/標號、圖片、網(wǎng)址等。應用文閱讀能力要求：掃讀（fastreading），快速獲取信息并處理信息查讀（scanning），快速查找題干出處閱讀方法：觀大結構（大標題，文章首段，小標題，說明/備注，特殊符號）主旨題：大標題+文章首段細節(jié)/推理題：小標題，說明/備注，特殊符號注：細節(jié)/推理題應先確定考查哪個小標題，再找具體的原句答題方法：順序定位法段落定位法（串段選項為錯誤選項）題干關鍵詞定位法選項關鍵詞定位法選項分析法（反義選項，比較選項等）當堂檢測（2024上·上?！じ呷虾Ｊ杏胖袑W?？计谀㎡neofthemostwellknownfiguresofAmericanhistory,ThomasJeffersonwasthethirdPresidentoftheUnitedStatesandtheauthoroftheDeclarationofIndependence.Hislifewasaninspiringoneandatthesametimealittlebitcontradictorytohisstatementsandwayoflivinglife,andthushehasformedthesubjectofalotofauthors’books.Jeffersonandhistime

ThisisaBiographyofthelifeofJeffersonpublishedin6volumesoveraverylongperiodof34yearsstaringfrom1948till1982.ReaditFor:ItisanentirecollectionintroducingallaspectsofJefferson’slifeingreatdetailsfromhischildhoodtillhislastdays.Forhistoryenthusiasts,thisisawonderfulbookthatwillgiveyouinsightintothelifeofoneofthemostmemorableAmericanleaders.Don’tReaditFor:Thisseriesisabiographyandstrictlyaworkofnonfiction.Itisreadingaboutthelifeofapersonandmightgetboringforsome.AmericanSphinx

Aninterestingyetstrangebook,thispieceofwritingisnotanattempttoshedlightonthelifeofJeffersonbutratheranattempttounderstandhismind.Jeffersonwasonewhospokesomethingbutdidthepleteoppositeofit.ReaditFor:ThisbooktriestoanalyzeJefferson’slifebutdoesnotdoitinawaythatcriticizeshimoridolizeshim.ThisNationalAwardwinningbookperfectlybalancestheactofexaminingsomeone’sactsandgeneralbehaviorandtryingtofigureoutthereasonbehindhiscontradictorystatementsandacts.Don’tReaditFor:IfyouaresearchingforabookaboutJefferson’slife,thisisnotforyou.Itcoversafeweventsofhislife,nothisentirelife.ThisPoliticalBiographybyMeachamtakesyouonajourneyintotheworldthatJeffersonlivedinandsawitthroughhiseyes.ItshowshowJeffersonformedtheworldaroundhimandhandledsituationsandpeopletoshapetheAmericanpoliticalsystemasitistoday.TheArtofPower

ReaditFor:Thedepthwithwhichthisbookiswrittenismendable.ItisnotedthattheworkdonebyMeachaminthisbookputsyouinsideJefferson’sheadandmakesyouunderstandwhatitwouldbeliketobeJefferson.Don’tReaditFor:WhilethisbookshowsthegeniusofJefferson,itcaneoffasbias,showingJeffersoninaverypositivelightandhisopponentsinaverynegativelight.21．IfonewantstoknowThomasJefferson’sexperienceinhiswholelife,______ismosthighlyremended.A．“JeffersonandHisTime” B．“AmericanSphinx” C．“TheArtofPower” D．noneoftheabove22．Havingread“AmericanSphinx”,youmay______.A．learnhowThomasgotthroughhischildhoodindetailsB．understandwhyThomas’wordsanddeedswerenotalwaysmatchedC．knowhowordinarypeoplecriticizeoridolizehimD．learnhowJeffersonformedtheworldaroundhimandaddressedsituations23．Oneproblemabout“TheArtofPower”isthatreaders______.A．mayfeelboredwhiletheyarereadingitB．cannotgetapletedescriptionofThomas’lifeC．learnThomas’politicallifemainlyfromhistorians’perspectiveD．cannotgetanobjectivepointofviewaboutThomas’gift21．A22．D23．D【導語】本文是一篇應用文。托馬斯·杰斐遜是美國歷史上最著名的人物之一，他是美國第三任總統(tǒng)，也是《獨立宣言》的作者。他的一生鼓舞人心，但同時又與他的言論和生活方式有些矛盾，因此他成為了許多作家著書的主題。文章介紹了三本與托馬斯·杰斐遜有關的著作。21．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Jeffersonandhistime部分中的“ItisanentirecollectionintroducingallaspectsofJefferson’slifeingreatdetailsfromhischildhoodtillhislastdays.Forhistoryenthusiasts,thisisawonderfulbookthatwillgiveyouinsightintothelifeofoneofthemostmemorableAmericanleaders.(這是一個完整的集子，詳細介紹了杰斐遜從童年到最后的日子的生活的各個方面。對于歷史愛好者來說，這是一本精彩的書，它將讓你深入了解這位最令人難忘的美國領導人之一的生活)”可知，如果一個人想知道托馬斯·杰斐遜的一生經(jīng)歷，JeffersonandHisTime是最強烈推薦的。故選A。22．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AmericanSphinx部分中的“ItshowshowJeffersonformedtheworldaroundhimandhandledsituationsandpeopletoshapetheAmericanpoliticalsystemasitistoday.(這本書展示了杰斐遜如何塑造他周圍的世界，如何處理各種情況和人物，從而塑造了今天的美國政治制度)”可知，讀過AmericanSphinx，你可能會了解杰斐遜是如何塑造他周圍的世界和處理各種情況的。故選D。23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)TheArtofPower部分中的“WhilethisbookshowsthegeniusofJefferson,itcaneoffasbias,showingJeffersoninaverypositivelightandhisopponentsinaverynegativelight.(雖然這本書展示了杰斐遜的天賦，但它可能會給人一種偏見，以一種非常積極的方式展示杰斐遜，而以一種非常消極的方式展示他的對手)”可推知，TheArtofPower的一個問題是，讀者無法對托馬斯的天賦有一個客觀的看法。故選D。模塊模塊四高考?？荚~組4搭配詞組theopening/closingceremony 開幕式／閉幕式challengeone'sauthority 質(zhì)疑某人的權威givesh.achallenge/takeachallenge 發(fā)出挑戰(zhàn)/應戰(zhàn)chargesb.withtheft 指控某人盜竊beinchargeofsth./takechargeofsth. 負責某事amanofstrongcharacter 有鮮明個性的人cheatsb.outofhismoney. 騙某人錢cheersb.up=encouragesb. 鼓勵某人havenochoicebuttodo 不得不(sb)choosetodosth. 選擇做某事In(Under)nocircumstances… (放句首，部分倒裝）任何情況下都不thecivilizationofmankind 人類文明civilizedsociety 文明社會makesth.clear=makeclearsth. 把…說清楚classicworks 經(jīng)典/優(yōu)秀作品classicalmusic 古典音樂beclassifiedasscience 歸類為理科paycloseattentionto 對密切關注becloselyrelatedtosth. 與…密切相關beclosed/opentotraffic 道路通車/停止通行acluetothecaseofmurder 案件的線索offthecoast 在近海collectone'sthoughts 集中精力collectmoneyraisemoney 募集資金withbinedefforts 經(jīng)共同努力(sth)eabout=happen 發(fā)生etrue 實現(xiàn)eacrosssb=meetwithsb. 邂逅(sb.)eto(oneself) 蘇醒(sth.)eintobeing 形成(sth.)eintoeffect 生效(sb.)eupwithanewidea 想起個新主意municatewithsb. 和某入交流municatetheideas/sth.tosb. 把…傳遞／傳達keepsbpany 陪伴某人pareAwithB 比較A與BpareAtoB 把A比作Bbyparison (副詞短語）比較而言inparisonwith (介詞短語）比較而言beyondparison 無與倫比petewithsb.forsth. 與某人為…競爭plaintosb.aboutsth. 向某人抱怨/投訴makeaplimenttosb.on/aboutsth. 夸獎/稱贊某人pliment/etoaconclusion 得出結論draw/reach/etoaconclusion 得出結論jumptoaconclusion 枉下結論／匆忙下結論beconcernedaboutsb./showconcernfor 關心／某人beconcernedwithsth. 與…有關asfarassb.isconcerned 就…而言posemusic 作曲beposedof=bemadeupof=consistof 由…組成pulsoryeducation 義務教育confessdoingsth. 坦白做某事beingoodcondition 狀況良好onconditionthat 在…的條件下；假如haveconfidenceinsth. 對某事有信心be/feelconfidentof/aboutsth. 對…有信心beinconflictwithsb. 與某人發(fā)生沖突congratulatesb.onsth. 向某人的…祝賀beconsciousof=beawareof 意識到concealsth.fromsb. 隱藏某物concentrateone'sefforts/attentiononsth. 集中精力／注意力在某事上conqueracountry 征服一個國家 conquerone'sfear 克服了恐懼的心理haveaclear/guiltyconscience 問心無愧/有愧regardlessoftheconsequence 不計后果(sb)answerfortheconsequences 對后果負責considersb./sth.tobe 認為…是considerdoingsth.underconstruction 在建設中consultsb.aboutsth. 向某人咨詢某事consultadictionary 查字典=lookupanewwordindictionary=refertoadictionarycontact(vt.)sb. 與某人聯(lián)系注：動詞不用withmake/getincontactwithsb. 與某人建立取得聯(lián)系[n]keepincontactwithsb. 與某人保持聯(lián)系anEnglishspeechcontest 英語競賽signacontract 簽署合同contrarytoone'sexpectation/wishes 與愿望相反onthecontrary. 正相反bycontrast,... 對照之下；相對照…（副詞短語）incontrastto/withsth. (介詞短語）與…相比contributesth.tosh. 把某物貢獻給某人AcontributetoB A導致Bbeyondcontrol/outofcontrol 無法控制/失控undercontrol 得到控制(dosth)atone'sconvenience 在某人方便時forone’sconvenience 為了方便某人conveysth.tosb. 把…傳遞給某人convincesh.ofsth. 使某人確信／相信某事cooperatewithsb.in(doing)sth 與某人合作atallcosts=atany.cost 不惜任何代價atthecostofone'slife 以生命為代價countonsb.todosth. 指望某人做(sth.)reallycounts 是真正重要的havethecouragetodosth. 勇氣做某事keepupone'scourage 保持勇氣in/duringthecourseofsth. 在…的過程中requiredcourses/optionalcourses 必修課、選修課coverthefamilyexpenses 足以支付家庭開支cover400miles 走完400英里的路havealot/nothinginmon 有很多/沒有共同點moninterest 共同的利益mentonsth./makementsonsth. 評頭論足haveaclear/guiltconscience 問心無愧/問心有愧B.容易混淆的詞character/characteristicchemical/chemistryconfess/admitconscience/consciousconsiderate/considerablecritical/criticclassic/classicalclose/closedcontest/context/contentcontact/contractcontrast/parepulsory/contemporary/temporarymittee/munitydairy/diarydecline/refuse/rejectC.易拼錯的詞chimney conscience conscious contemporary contrary pulsory contract convenience corporation cooperation curriculum cucumberchocolate cigarette dairyD.?？季湫蚑hereislittlechanceofpassingtheexam通過考試的機會渺茫。英語中常用Therebe而不用Itis句型：Thereisnochance/point/needsensedoingsth.Thereisnoproofthat…Thereisnodoubtthat…Thereisapossibilitythat…Thereisnodoubtthat…Thereisahighchancethat…(Therearechancesthat...)注意：Thereisnoneedtodo…Itisconsiderateofsbtodosth.某人考慮周到(kind/nice/friendly/cleaver/sensible/polite/rude)It'sconvenientforsbtodosth某人做某事很方便(easy,hard,difficult,interesting,impossible,dangerous)E.一詞多義的單詞復習ceasev.停止ceasetotalk/talking停止談話chance可能性=possibility,機會、冒險、碰巧takeachancetodo…嘗試做=trydoingleaveeverythingtochance聽天由命takeachance/chancestodosth.冒險做事dosth.bychance偶然為之Thechancesarethat…有可能…characteristicadj.(人）有個性的，（物）特征、特色的Itischaracteristicofhimtoremainsilentatclass.Alongneckischaracteristicofagiraffe.長頸鹿的特征就是頭頸長。chargev.開價，指控，充電charge$10forthebook書的價格10元chargesb.withmurder/doingsth…指控某人謀殺Thebatteryisbeingcharged.電池充電n.指控，免費，負責bringachargeagainstsb.befreeofcharge免費beinchargeof負責mit犯罪（錯），承諾，致力于mitacrime/suicide 犯罪/自殺mitoneselftosth./doingsth.承諾做某事amittedteacher一個盡責任的老師mitsth.toone'smemory把…記做腦海里pare比較以找出同類物體的差異（形容詞不用比較形式）Shanghaiis.largeparedto/withParis.與巴黎比較上海更加大。區(qū)別：contrast對…照以表明兩類（物）的不統(tǒng)Herpoorappearancecontrastswithherstrongability.她丑陋的外貌與強干的能力形成對照．claim v.認領，聲稱，奪取生命claimawatch認領手表claimresponsibility聲稱對負責Theearthquakeclaimedmanlives.地震奪取了許多生命mandv.命令，指揮，博得mandsb.todo命令某人做…mandanarmy指揮軍隊mandone'srespect博得尊敬mandn.指揮inmandofanarmy指揮軍隊haveagoodmandofEnglish英語掌握的好consultv.請教，咨詢、查閱，商量consultadoctoraboutone'sillness就病咨詢醫(yī)生consultadictionary=lookupawordinadictionary查詞典consultwithsb.aboutsth.就…與人商討conveyv.傳達,運送conveyone'sfeelinginwords用文字表達情感conveyone'sluggagefromtheairporttothehotel把行李從機場運往旅館coursen.過程，課程，河道，航程，一道菜inthecourseofthemeeting在會議期間taketheputercourse學電腦課程afivecourseweddingdinnerheoffcourse在五道菜的婚宴beoffcourse偏離航道模塊模塊五2024屆上海高三名校真題速遞（2024上·上海青浦·高三統(tǒng)考期末）KeepCoolNextSummerwithThese3DevicesAsweprepareforwhatcouldbeanotherhotsummer,youmayalreadybefeelingtheheat.Luckilyarangeofunusualandcleverdevicesarenowavailabletohelpmakehotsummerdaysmorebearable.ThebreezeblowingumbrellaUmbrellasserveadoublefunction,protectingusfromrainandsunlight;theyalsoserveasasortofpersonalozonelayer.TheFanbrella,whichlooksandfeelsjustlikeaconventionalumbrella,isperfectforkeepingtherainatbaybutboastsadelicatefanlocatedunderneaththecover,sothatyoucanenjoyfreshcoolairwhileyouwalkthroughthesummershowers.Thefanissmallandquietenoughtobeunnoticeableyetpowerfulenoughtoreducehumidity.Operatedbyaswitchonthehandleoftheumbrella,itcanbeactivatedonlywhenyouneeditmost.AirconditionedbedsHumidnightsareahorribleexperienceformostpeople,causingmuchdisfortandmakingsleepimpossible.Unfortunately,aconventionalfaninyourbedroomwilldolittletomitigateyoursuffering,ashumidairissimplyblownaroundtheroom.Anairconditionedbedistheperfectsolution!Thisrevolutionaryfurnitureboastsquietfansatthefootofthebedthathelptocirculatecoolairfromtheoppositeend,soyou’reeffectivelysleepingonanairconditionedbed.Withlowrunningcosts,summernightswithoutsleepcouldbeathingofthepast.TheiPhonefaniPhonesareknownforgettingprettyhottothetouchwhenyou’reusingone,butnowyoursmartphonecouldbetheperfectdevicetohelpkeepthesummerheatatbaywhenyou’reworkingatyourdeskoronthemove.ThesmallplasticfanfitsontothetopofyouriPhoneandplugsintoyourphone’schargingsocket(充電插座),soyouneednotworryaboutrunningoutofbatteries.Withaquietmotor,youcanbeconfidentthatcolleagueswon’tbedisturbedand,ifyouremembertokeepyouriPhonecharged,youcantakethefananywhere,fromasweatytrainridehometoawalkinthelocalparkwithfamily.Witharangeofinventiveaccessoriestohelpmakehotdaysmorebearable,allweneednowisasummer!1．Whatmakesabreezeblowingumbrellasuperiortoaconventionalumbrella?A．Itcreatesapersonalozonelayertoavoidsunlight.B．Itboastsunconventionalandluxuriousappearance.C．Itcanbeactivatedbyvoicewhenyouneeditmost.D．Ithasafantogiveoffcoolairandreducehumidity.2．Whichofthefollowingwordscanreplacetheunderlinedword“mitigate”?A．Claim. B．Relieve. C．Intensify. D．Sustain.3．WhatdoweknowabouttheiPhonefan?A．ItcanpreventyouriPhonefromtemperatureriseinsummerheat.B．You’dbetteruseitoutdoorstoavoidnoisedespitethequietmotor.C．Itisportableandcanfunctionwellwithoutlimitationoflocations.D．Batterieswithhighcapacityshouldbepreparedtokeepitcharged.【答案】1．D2．B3．C【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了三種可以在夏天幫助保持涼爽的設備。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Thebreezeblowingumbrella中“TheFanbrella,whichlooksandfeelsjustlikeaconventionalumbrella,isperfectforkeepingtherainatbaybutboastsadelicatefanlocatedunderneaththecover,sothatyoucanenjoyfreshcoolairwhileyouwalkthroughthesummershowers.Thefanissmallandquietenoughtobeunnoticeableyetpowerfulenoughtoreducehumidity.(這款“Fanbrella”的外觀和手感都和傳統(tǒng)雨傘差不多，不僅可以完美地擋雨，而且在傘面下還安裝了一個精致的風扇，這樣你在夏日陣雨中漫步時就可以享受到新鮮的涼風。風扇小而安靜，不引人注意，但足夠強大，可以降低濕度)”可知，相比于傳統(tǒng)的雨傘，這款產(chǎn)品的優(yōu)勢在于它有一個風扇來吹出涼風，降低濕度。故選D項。2．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞的上文“Unfortunately,aconventionalfaninyourbedroom(不幸的是，你臥室里傳統(tǒng)的風扇)”和下文“ashumidairissimplyblownaroundtheroom(因為潮濕的空氣只是被吹到房間里)”可知，此處是描述傳統(tǒng)的風扇的缺點，說明它無法解決濕度的問題。由此推知，它對緩解人在該環(huán)境下的痛苦沒有幫助，mitigate意思應該是“緩解，減輕”，與relieve意思相近。故選B項。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheiPhonefan中“Withaquietmotor,youcanbeconfidentthatcolleagueswon’tbedisturbedand,ifyouremembertokeepyouriPhonecharged,youcantakethefananywhere,fromasweatytrainridehometoawalkinthelocalparkwithfamily.(有了一個安靜的發(fā)動機，你可以確信同事不會被打擾，如果你記得給iPhone充電，你可以帶著風扇去任何地方，無論是在回家的火車上，還是和家人在當?shù)毓珗@散步)”可知，這款產(chǎn)品是便攜式的，可以不受位置限制地發(fā)揮作用。故選C項。（2023上·上?！じ呷？计谥校〩owtoTraveltoMachuPicchuMysterious.Brilliant.Powerful.ThesewordsdescribetheInca(印加).Everyyear,visitorsrushtotheIncancitadel(堡壘)ofMachuPicchu(meaning“theancientpeak”)insearchofthelostcivilization.ButgettingtothisUNESCOWorldHeritagesiteisn’tcheapandeasy.Here’showtoexpertlynavigateyourwaytoPeru’smostfamousdestination.HikingtoMachuPicchu*ThemostfamouswaytohiketoMachuPicchuisalongasectionofoneoftheIncanroadsbuiltastheempireexpanded.DozensoftouroperatorsofferIncaTrailhikeswithvaryingdurationsandlevelsoffort(thoughallrequirecamping).*Forthosewhowouldlikealesscrowdedexperience,thereareanumberofdiversehikingalternatives,oneofwhichisaroundSalkantayMountain,oneofthemostimposingpeaksinthePeruvianAndes,Severaltourpaniesofferthetreks,butApusPeruoffersanexpressSalkantaytrek,whichshavesadayoffthenormaljourneyforthoseeagertopushtheirphysicallimitsontheirwaytoMachuPicchu.*TravelersinterestedinarchaeologyshouldconsidertheChoquequiraoTrekwithaMachuPicchuextension.ThisitineraryincludesspectacularhikinginthelesstraveledsteepApurimacCanyonandexplorationoftheChoquequiraoarchaeologicalsitebeforeheadingforM