一輪鞏固卷9-2022年高考英語模擬卷（新高考專用）（解析版）

【贏在高考-黃金20卷】備戰(zhàn)2022年高考英語模擬卷（新高考專用）

一輪鞏固卷09

（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮

擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，請先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題

卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完

每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

答案是Co

1.Whenwillthelecturebegiven?

A.OnJune10th.B.OnJune11th.C.OnJune12th.

【答案】C

【1題詳解】

Text1

W:Istodaythe10thofJune?Howtimeflies!

M:Yes,andIhaveonemorelecturetogivethedayaftertomonow.

2.Whatcausedthecompanysalestoincrease?

A.Theonlinemarketingcampaign.

B.Theextrasalespeople.

C.Thediscountprices.

【答案】A

【2題詳解】

Text2

M:Howarethesalesfigureslooking?

W:They'regreat!Wehadasharpriseaftertheonlinemarketingcampaignbegan.It'sbetterthanhiringextra

salespeople.

M:Good!NowI'mthinkingofofferingsomediscountnextseason.

3.WhatisJimmydoing?

A.Readingastorybook.B.Doinghishomework.C.Playingcomputergames.

【答案】B

【3題詳解】

Text3

W:Whydon'tyougotobed,Jimmy?Areyoureadingthatstorybook?

M:Oh,IjustrememberedIhadn'tdonemysciencehomeworkyet.I'msearchingonlineforsomeinformation

aboutthat.

4.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?

A.Forgivetheplayer.B.Kicktheplayerout.C.Apologizetotheplayer.

【答案】A

"題詳解】

Text4

M:Ikickedaplayeroutofourteamforhismisbehaviorlastweek.

W:Iheardheapologizedandpromisednottodothatagain.Whynotgivehimasecondchance?

M:Maybeyouareright.

5.Wheredoesthewomanusuallygetthebook?

A.Intheshop.B.Inthesupermarket.C.OntheInternet.

【答案】c

【5題詳解】

Text5

M:Iwouldenjoylookingaroundthebookshop.lt\reallyenjoyable.

W:Metoo.Ialwaysfindthebookintheshoporthesupermarketandthenbuyitonline!Ifsoftenalotcheaper.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的

作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Thepreparationsforacamping.

B.Thechangeableweather.

C.Theirfavoritefood.

【答案】A

7.Whatwillthemantake?

A.Bread.B.Hamburgers.C.Cards.

【答案】B

【6-7題詳解】

Text6

M:Hi,Silvia.Areyougoingcampingwithus?

W:Surely,yes.

M:Great.Itshouldbegoodfununlesstheweathergetsbad.

W:WhatdoIneedtotake?

M:Well,whenIgethome,TiltextyouthelistI'vemade.Youdon'tneedtoworryaboutfoodthough.Tvepacked

enoughhamburgers.That'stheeasiestthingtomake.

W:Fine.Incasewerunoutofhamburgers,Filtakesometinsandbread.

M:Goodidea.Ifyouwant,bringsomecards.Wecouldplayatnight.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Whatiswrongwiththewoman?

A.Shehasafever.B.Shehasaheadache.C.Shehasasleepingproblem.

【答案】B

9.Whatdidthewomandolastnight?

A.Shepreparedforameeting.

B.Sheattendedameeting.

C.Shewenttobedearly.

【答案】A

10.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?

A.Quitthejob.B.Takesomemedicine.C.Havearest.

【答案】c

【8-10題詳解】

Text7

M:What'swrongwithyou?

W:Myheadhurtsbadly.

M:Doyouhaveafever?

W:No.

M:Howlonghasitbeenlikethis?

W:Sincethenightbeforeyesterday.

M:Doyouhaveasleepingproblem?

W:No.Ialwaysgotobedearlyandsleepsound,uh,exceptlastnight.Iworkedlateintothenightpreparingfora

meeting.

M:Ithinkyou'dbetterhaveafiirtherexam,andbeforetheresultcomesout,trytorelax.

W:Doyouhaveanymedicinetokillthepain?Ihavetoattendameetingthisafternoon.

M:Beforetheresultcomesout,Ican'tgiveyouanymedicine.Iinsistyouhaveagoodrestfirst.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Atatheater.B.Atahotel.C.Atasnackbar.

【答案】B

12.Whatwouldthemanprobablydoat6p.m.tomorrow?

A.Celebratetheirweddinganniversary.

B.Attendaweddingceremony.

C.Spendhis20thbirthday.

【答案】A

13.Howmuchshouldthemanpay?

A.$100.B.$200.C.$300.

【答案】c

[11-13題詳解】

Text8

W:Goodmorning,MovieCenter.HowmayIhelpyou?

M:Goodmoming.ThisisVinsonfromRoom808.I'dliketoknowsomethingaboutyourtheater.

W:Verywell,Mr.Vinson.Wehavethreetheaters,onepublictheater,andtwoprivatetheatersforfivepeopleand

twopeoplerespectively.

M:Emm...howdoyouchargefortheprivateone?

W:Thechargeforprivatetheateris$50perhourperperson.Drinksandsnacksareextra.

M:Verywell.Tdliketoreservetheonefortwopeoplefrom6:00to9:00tomorrowevening.Tomorrowisthe20th

anniversaryofourmarriage.Wewantacelebration.

W:Whatexcitingnews!Congratulations,Mr.Vinson!

M:Thankyouverymuch.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Colleagues.B.Schoolmates.C.Teacherandstudent.

【答案】B

15.Whatisthewoman'sproblem?

A.Herbrotherisdisturbingher.

B.Shehasnodictionarytouse.

C.Herparentscan'tgiveheranyadvice.

【答案】A

16.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?

A.Tellherbrothertostop.

B.Gotothelibrarytostudy.

C.Askherparentsforhelp.

【答案】c

17.Whatisthewomanembarrassedat?

A.RememberinglittlefromHistory.

B.Reviewingbysinginghernotes.

C.Writingdownwhatshehasread.

【答案】B

【14?17題詳解】

Text9

M:Hi,Georgia.Howareyou?

W:Hi.Notsogood.TmgettingreallyannoyedwithmylittlebrotherJimatthemoment.I'mtryingtoreviewfor

myexamsandhekeepsstoppingmefromworking.Sometimeshelistenstomusiclateatnightwithhisradioon

loudly;sometimesheborrowssomethingfrommethat1needtouseforstudying,likemydictionaryorcomputer.1

can'tconcentrateonmyworkformorethanafewminutes.It?sterrible.

M:Youshouldaskyourparentstodealwithyourbrother.Yourexamsaremoreimportant.Yourparentsshould

understandthat.

W:That'sagoodidea,Matthew.Tilaskmydadfbrhelptonight.Mybrotherwilllistentohim.AndI'llalsothink

aboutgoingtothelibraryattheweekend.It9snicetohaveachangesometimeswhenyou'restudying.How'syour

reviewgoing,Matthew?

M:MyproblemisIjustcan'trememberanythingfromHistory.IreadapageandthentenminuteslaterI've

forgottenit.

W:Thafsnotunusual.Youshouldtrywritingdownwhatyou'vejustread.Ifsamazinghowmuchmoreyouwill

rememberthatway.SometimesIevensingmynotes.It'sabitembarrassing,butitwillhelptorememberlotsof

information.

M:Yes.Tiltrythoseideas.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.WhatwasthemainmealforpeopleinPrussiainthe18thcentury?

A.Rice.B.Potatoes.C.Bread.

【答案】c

19.Howdidpeoplefeelaboutthepotatoesinthepalacegarden?

A.Disappointed.B.Curious.C.Anxious.

【答案】B

20.Whatcanwelearnabouttheking?

A.Hewasverysmart.B.Helikedmakingjokes.C.Hewascrazyaboutpotatoes.

【答案】A

[18-20題詳解】

Text10

M:OK!SomytalktonightiscalledPsychologyinAdvertising,butPmgoingtostartwithalittlestory.Inthe18th

century,hardlyanyoneinPrussiaatepotatoesorrice,becausethemainmealforalmosteveryonewasbread.But

therewasaproblemwithbread:inthosedays,sometimesthewheatdidn'tgrowverywell,people,especiallypoor

people,wouldhavenothingtoeat.

SowhenthekingcalledFrederickheardaboutthepotato,heimmediatelyorderedeveryoneinthecountryto

startgrowingpotatoes.Buttohissurprise,theyrefused.Frederickwasaverycleverman,andalthoughtherewere

nopsychologistsin1774,hecertainlyhadatalentforunderstandingthepsychologyofhispeople.Sohesooncame

upwithaveryinterestingplan.First,heplantedpotatoesinhispalacegarden.Next,hesentsoldierstoguardit.As

soonaspeoplesawthegardenandthesoldiers,theystartedaskingeachother“Whatcouldbeinthatfieldthatis

worthsomuch?”Andofcourse,assoonastheyfoundoutthatthefieldwasfullofpotatoes,theyallwantedsome.

Yousee,oncepeoplebelievedtheywerenotallowedtoeatpotatoes,theyimmediatelywantedtohavethem.And

that'sagoodpsychology.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

A

?WestTown

TheChicagoPublicLibrary（CPL）encourageslifelonglearningbywelcomingallpeopleandofferingequal

accesstoinformation,entertainmentandknowledgethroughmaterials,programsandevents.Eachyear,Chicago

PublicLibraryrecommendstheBestoftheBest,CPL'sselectionsoftheverybestbookspublishedthatyear.

?Hours

Monday:10:00am-6:00pm

Tuesday:12:00pm-8:00pm

Wednesday:10:00am-6:00pm

Thursday:12:00pm-8:00pm

Friday:9:00am-5:00pm

Saturday:9:00am-5:00pm

Sunday:Closed

?Holidays&Closures

AllStaffInstituteDay:Thursday,April30,2020ClosedAllDay

MemorialDay:Monday,May25,2020ClosedAllDay

IndependenceDay:Saturday,July4,2020ClosedAllDay

LaborDay:Monday,September7,2020ClosedAllDay

Thanksgiving:Thursday,November26,2020ClosedAllDay

Christmas:Friday,December25,2020ClosedAllDay

?Address&Contact

1625W.ChicagoAvenueChicagoIL60622

Phone:(312)743-0450

Email:

?GetaLibraryCard

Gettingalibrarycardiseasy-andit'sfree!PleasevisitanyCPLlocationtofilloutanapplication.

Current,validIDwithname,photoandChicagoaddressisrequired.

?Facilities

After-hoursbookreturnBikerack

ComputersMeetingroomWi-FiParkinglotScanner

?UpcomingEventsatWestTown

DesignChallengeDay

Description:Areyouupforachallenge?Dropinandtacklesomedesignchallengesusingsuppliesprovided

bythelibrary.Prizeswillbeawardedforthemostcreativesubmissions.

Suitablefbr:KidsandTeens

Time:Tuesday,March24,2020,5:00pm-6:00pm

FilmScreening:TheZookeeper'sWife(2017)

Description:JointheWestTownbranchforascreeningofTheZookeeper9sWife.Amarriedcouplewho

workaszoocaretakershelpsaveJewishpeoplefromtheNazi'sHolocaust.

Suitablefor:AdultsandTeens

Time:Tuesday,March31,2020,5:30pm一7:30pm

21.WhencanpeoplegoandreadinChicagoPublicLibrary?

A.11:00am,April29,2020.B.2:00pm,May25,2020.

C.9:00am,July5,2020.D.6:00pm,November26,2020.

22.Whatisrequiredforgettingalibrarycard?

A.Payingforitinyourfreetimeonayearlybasis.

B.Providingarecentphotoandanapplication.

C.Applyingonthelibrary'sofficialwebsitefirst.

D.HavingavalidIDwithname,photoandChicagoaddress.

23.WhatdoweknowaboutDesignChallengeDay?

A.Ittargetsadultsastheirmajorparticipants.

B.Participantswillcompeteforprizes.

C.Theactivitywilllastfornearly2hours.

D.WinnerscanwatchTheZookeeper9sWifeforfree.

【答案】21.A22.D23.B

【分析】本文為應(yīng)用文。文章是一則芝加哥公共圖書館的告示，提到了圖書館的開放時(shí)間、節(jié)假日安排情

況、借書證的辦理要求以及即將舉行的活動(dòng)情況.

[21題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Hours”部分中"Thursday:12:00pm-8:00pm（星期四：中午十二點(diǎn)到下午八點(diǎn)）“可知D

選項(xiàng)“2020年11月26日星期四下午6點(diǎn)“不能去看書；“Sunday:Closed（周末：休息）”可知C選項(xiàng)“2020

年7月5日星期日上午9點(diǎn)”這個(gè)時(shí)間不能去看書；根據(jù)“Holidays&Closures”部分中“MemorialDay:

Monday,May25,2020（陣亡將士紀(jì)念日：2020年5月25日，星期）'可知B選項(xiàng)“2020年5月25日星

期一下午2點(diǎn)“不能去看書。所以人們只有在A選項(xiàng)“2020年4月29日星期三上午11點(diǎn)”這個(gè)時(shí)間可以

去芝加哥公共圖書館讀書。故選A項(xiàng)。

【22題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“GetaLibraryCard”部分中"Current,validIDwithname,photoandChicagoaddress

isrequired.（必須提供包括姓名、照片和芝加哥地址的當(dāng)前有效身份證件。）“可知，辦理借書證需要出

示有效身份證件，包括姓名、照片和芝加哥地址。故選D項(xiàng)。

【23題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“DesignChallengeDay”部分中"Prizeswillbeawardedforthemostcreativesubmissions.

（最具創(chuàng)意的作品將獲頒獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)“可知，“DesignChallengeDay”活動(dòng)中參賽者將就競爭比賽獎(jiǎng)品。故選

B項(xiàng)。

B

Perhapsyouhaveseenthem,thosewhofallasleeponthesubwayandthen,somehow,wakeupexactlyattheir

stop.Perhapsyouareoneofthem.Howisthispossible?Wespoketotwodoctors,whoofferedtheirinsightsabout

it.

Itispossiblethatyourbodygetsusedtowakingupatacertainpointeachtimeduringyourcommute,saidDr.

MarcI.Leavey,aprimary-carespecialistinMaryland.Thatholdsespeciallytrueifyoucommuteatthesametime

everyday.Thissuggeststhatifyouweretogetonatadifferenttime,orifthejourneyweredelayed,yourinternal

clockmightnotwakeyouupatyourstop.Itisaninterestingtheory,butDr.RonaldChervin,directorofMichigan

Medicine'sSleepDisordersCenters,doescolfuHybuyit.Heisskepticalthatcircadianrhythmscanalsoexplain

whyyouwakeupafterabriefnap.

Youarealsolikelytowakeupforyourparticularstopbecauseofanoralcue,suchastheconductorstatingthe

nameofthesubwaystopoverthepublic-addresssystem.Suchcuesalertyourbrainthatyouhavean*ived,

explainedDrLeavey.AccordingtoastudypublishedinthePublicLibraryofScience,duringsleep,ourbrainreacts

differentlywhenwehearourownnameandotherpeople'snames,notedDrChervin.Thissuggeststhatyourbrain

doesnotturnoffduringsleep,whichmakesitpossibletopickupontheannouncementofyourstop.

Anotherreasonablepossibility:Youmaywakeupateachstop,checkifitisyours,andgobacktosleep,all

withouthavingrememberedit,addedDr.Chervin.Heseesthisincaseswherepatientsaresufferingfromsleep

apnea.Theymaywakeupasmanyas200timesduringasinglenight,withouthavingrememberedasingleinstance.

Thafsbecausetheyfallrightbackasleepbeforetheirbrainhastimetoprocesstheirexperienceintolong-term

memory.Similarly,youcouldbewakingupeverytimeyouhearanewstopcalled.Butyoujustdon'tremember

suchinstancesevenafteryoufullycomeawakeforyourstop-leadingyoutobelievethatyouhavesleptthewhole

waythroughandmiraculouslywokenupattherighttime.

24.AccordingtoDrLeavey,whichofthefollowingmightwakeyouupatyourstop?

A.Senseoftime.B.Sleepapnea.C.Intemalclock.D.Oralcommunication.

25.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“doesn'tfullybuyit“inParagraph2mean?

A.Hecan'tagreemore.B.Hecan'tcatchitwell.

C.Hedoesn'tlikeitatall.D.Hedoesn'ttotallybelieveit.

26.Howwillourbrainreactwhenwehearournamecalledduringsleep?

A.Actively.B.Passively.C.Differently.D.Casually.

27.HowdoesDr.Chervinexplainhisfindingsinthelastparagraph?

A.Byintroducingaconcept.B.Bymakingacomparison.

C.Byusinganexpert'swords.D.Byreferringtoanotherstudy.

【答案】24.C25.D26.A27.B

【分析】這是一篇說明文。生活中一些人在地鐵上睡著了，然后不知怎么的，在他們到站的時(shí)候醒來。對

此，MarcI.Leavey和RonaldChervin兩位專家給出了各自的解釋。

【24題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Itispossiblethatyourbodygetsusedtowakingupatacertainpointeachtime

duringyourcommute,saidDr.MarcI.Leavey,aprimary-carespecialistinMaryland.Thatholdsespecially

trueifyoucommuteatthesametimeeveryday.Thissuggeststhatifyouweretogetonatadifferenttime,or

ifthejourneyweredelayed,yourinternalclockmightnotwakeyouupatyourstop.（馬里蘭州的初級保健專

家MarcI.Leavey醫(yī)生說，有可能你的身體己經(jīng)習(xí)慣了在通勤途中每次的特定時(shí)間醒來。如果你每天都

在同一時(shí)間通勤，這?點(diǎn)尤其正確。這表明，如果你在不同的時(shí)間上車，或者旅途被延誤，你的生物

鐘可能不會(huì)在你到站時(shí)叫醒你）“可知，Leavey醫(yī)生認(rèn)為生物鐘可能會(huì)在你到站時(shí)叫醒你。故選C。

【25題詳解】

句意猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“Heisskepticalthatcircadianrhythmscanalsoexplainwhyyouwakeupafter

abriefnap.”可知，Chervin博士對為什么小睡后會(huì)醒來持懷疑態(tài)度，可見他并不完全相信Leavey醫(yī)生認(rèn)

為生物鐘可能會(huì)在到站時(shí)喚醒人的說法。故畫線部分意思是“他并不完全相信故選D。

【26題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“AccordingtoastudypublishedinthePublicLibraryofScience,duringsleep,

ourbrainreactsdifferentlywhenwehearourownnameandotherpeople'snames,notedDrChervin.This

suggeststhatyourbraindoesnotturnoffduringsleep,whichmakesitpossibletopickuponthe

announcementofyourstop.（Chervin博士指出，根據(jù)發(fā)表在《科學(xué)公共圖書館》上的一項(xiàng)研究，在睡眠

期間，當(dāng)我們聽到自己的名字和別人的名字時(shí)，大腦的反應(yīng)是不同的。這表明你的大腦在睡覺時(shí)并沒

有停止工作，這使得你有可能聽到你停下來的通知）“可知，當(dāng)我們在睡眠中聽到自己的名字時(shí)，我們的

大腦會(huì)有積極的反應(yīng)。故選A。

【27題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Heseesthisincaseswherepatientsaresufferingfromsleepapnea.Theymay

wakeupasmanyas200timesduringasinglenight,withouthavingrememberedasingleinstance.That's

becausetheyfallrightbackasleepbeforetheirbrainhastimetoprocesstheirexperienceintolong-term

memory.Similarly,youcouldbewakingupeverytimeyouhearanewstopcalled.Butyoujustdon't

remembersuchinstancesevenafteryoufullycomeawakeforyourstop-leadingyoutobelievethatyouhave

sleptthewholewaythroughandmiraculouslywokenupattherighttime.（他在患有睡眠呼吸暫停的病人身

上看到了這種情況。他們可能在一個(gè)晚上醒來多達(dá)200次，卻不記得任何事情。這是因?yàn)樗麄冊诖竽X

有時(shí)間將他們的經(jīng)歷加工成長期記憶之前就睡著了。類似地，你可能會(huì)在每次聽到一個(gè)新的停止的聲

音時(shí)醒來。但你就是不記得這樣的事情，即使在你完全清醒后停止——這讓你相信你已經(jīng)睡了整個(gè)過

程，然后奇跡般地在正確的時(shí)間醒來）”可推知，Chervin博士在最后一段通過比較解釋了他的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故

選Bo

C

Whilewemaythinkitfeelsgoodtocomplain,complaininghassomebadeffectsassociatedwithit.

Whyisn'tcomplainingbeneficial?Researchshowsthatitconnectsourbrainwithnegativity.Thebrainis

designedtoworkefficiently.Thismeansthatwhenwerepeatathought,negativeorpositive,thenervecellsforma

bridgebetweeneachothertopassinformationatahigherspeed.Therefore,thenexttimewehaveasimilartypeof

thought,itismoreeasilypassed.Thisexplainswhycertainthoughtpatternsbecomehabits.

Yettheharmfuleffectsdon'tstopthere.Astudyshowsthatcomplainingcausesthehippocampus（海馬區(qū)）,

whichplaysavitalroleinproblem-solving,tobecomesmaller.

Inadditiontocausingbraindamage,complainingalsoreleasesastresshormone（激素）：cortisol,akindof

chemicalthebodyproduceswhenwemeetwithsomedanger.Constantlyhavingahighlevelofcortisolresultsin

highbloodpressure,highbloodsugar,andlowerimmunity（免疫力）.

Theilleffectsofourcomplainingaren'tjustlimitedtoourselves:theyalsoinvolvethosearoundus.Wetendto

mirrorthemoodsofourfriends.Forthisreason,weshouldbecautiousabouthavingstubborncomplainersinour

circleofcompanions.

Thebestwaytodealwithconstantnegativityistodevelopasenseofgratitude（感恩）.Justlikecomplaining

actsasapoison,gratitudeactsasamedicine.Researchshowsitlowerscortisollevelsby23percent,aswellas

reducesbloodpressureandbloodsugar.Italsodecreasestirednessanddepression.Gratitudeistheperfectcurefor

complaining,abehaviorthatstealsourbrainpower,happinessandphysicalwell-being.

Whathaveyouobservedabouttheeffectsofcomplaininginyourownlifeorinthelivesofothers?Haveyou

noticedthatwhenyouaregrateful,youfeelbetterallover?Pleaseshareyourthoughtsinthecommentssection

below.

28.WhatdoPara2-3mainlytalkabout?

A.Thediseasescausedbycomplaining.

B.Thedecreaseofavitalpartofourbrain.

C.Thebadeffectsofcomplainingonbrainpower.

D.Thereasonwhycertainthoughtpatternsbecomehabits.

29.Whatcanweknowaboutcortisolfromthepassage?

A.Gratitudeisaneffectivecureforcortisol.

B.Ourbodyproducecortisolwhenwefeelexited.

C.Cortisolisachemicalthatcancausebraindamage.

D.Havingahighlevelofcortisolcanleadtomanyhealthproblems.

30.Whatattitudedoesthewritertaketostubborncomplainers?

A.Grateful.B.Tolerant.C.Disapproving.D.Doubtful.

31.Wherecanthepassagemostprobablyappear?

A.Inanewspaper.B.Inamedicalreport.C.Inaradioprogram.D.Onawebsite.

【答案】28.C29.D30.C31.D

【分析】這是一篇說明文。短文說明了抱怨帶來的一些負(fù)面影響以及應(yīng)對抱怨的措施。

【28題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Whyisn'tcomplainingbeneficial?Researchshowsthatitconnectsourbrainwith

negativity."（為什么抱怨沒有好處？研究表明，它將我們的大腦與消極聯(lián)系起來。）根據(jù)第三段“Astudy

showsthatcomplainingcausesthehippocampus（海馬區(qū)），whichplaysavitalroleinproblem-solving,to

becomesmaller.”（一項(xiàng)研究表明，抱怨會(huì)導(dǎo)致海馬體變小，而海馬體在解決問題中起著至關(guān)重要的作

用）由此可知，第二段和第三段主要在說抱怨對腦力的不良影響。故選C項(xiàng)。

【29題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)笫四段“Constantlyhavingahighlevelofcortisolresultsinhighbloodpressure,highblood

sugar,andlowerimmunity（免疫力）丁（持續(xù)高水平的皮質(zhì)醇會(huì)導(dǎo)致高血壓、高血糖和免疫力低下。）由此

可知，皮質(zhì)醇水平高會(huì)導(dǎo)致許多健康問題。故選D項(xiàng)。

【30題詳解】

推理判斷題，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Forthisreason,weshouldbecautiousabouthavingstubborncomplainersin

ourcircleofcompanions."（出于這個(gè)原因，我們應(yīng)該警惕在我們的朋友圈中有頑固的抱怨者。）由此判

斷出作者對頑固的抱怨者持反對的態(tài)度。故選C項(xiàng)。

[31題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Pleaseshareyourthoughtsinthecommentssectionbelow."（請?jiān)谙旅娴脑u論

區(qū)分享你的想法）由此判斷出，短文來自于網(wǎng)站。故選D項(xiàng)。

D

Thermoelectricgeneratorsturnwasteheatintoelectricitywithoutproducinggreenhousegasemissions,likea

freelunch.Butthehighcostofthesedeviceshaspreventedtheirwidespreaduse.Now,researchershavefounda

waytomakecheapthermae-lectricesthatworkjustaswell.Theworkcouldpavethewayforgreenercarengines,

andotherenergy-generatingdevices.

“Thislookslikeaverysmartwaytorealizehighperformance,saysLi-DongZhao,amaterialsscientist.He

notestherearestillafewmorestepsbeforethesematerialscanbecomehigh-perfbrming.However,hesays,“This

willbeusedinthenottoofarfuture.^^

Thermoelectricsaresemiconductordevicesplacedonahotsurface.Thatgivesthemahotsideandacoolside.

Ifadeviceallowsthehotsidetowarmupthecoolside,theelectricitystopsflowing.Adevice'ssuccessat

preventingthis,aswellasitsabilitytoconductelectrons,feedsintoascoreknownasthefigureofmerit,orZT.

ResearchershaveproducedthermoelectricmaterialswithincreasingZTs.Therecordcamein2014when

MercouriKanatzidiscameupwithatinselenidewithaZTof3.1.Yetthematerialwastoofragiletoworkwith.

“Forpracticalapplications,it'sanon?star-ter,“Kanatzidissays.

Gettingthroughthatdoorwillstilltakesometime.ThetinselenidetheteammakesismixedwithNa,creating

a"p-type"materialthatconductspositivecharges.Tomakeworkingdevices,researchersalsoneedan"n-type”

versiontoconductnegativecharges.

Zhao'steamisnowworkingonmakingann-typeversion.Oncesuccessful,researchersshouldhaveaclear

pathtomakinganewgenerationofsuper-efficientthermoelectricgenera-tors.Thosecouldbeinstalledeverywhere

fromautomobileexhaustpipestowaterheatersandindustrialsmelterstoscavengesomeofthe65%offossilfuel

energythatwindsupaswasteheat.

32.Thefirstparagraphwantstotellus.

A.Thewideuseofthermoelectricgenerators

B.Thedevicesofcurrentthermoelectricgenerators

C.Thereasonwhyresearchersmakecheapthermoelectrics

D.Thegreenercarenginesthatcontributetoenvironmentalprotection

33.HowdoesLi-DongZhaofeelaboutcheapthermoelectricgenerators?

A.Indifferent.B.Optimistic.C.Critical.D.Worried.

34.Whatdoyouknowabouttheresearchin2014fromparagraph4and5?

A.Itwasfarfromasuccessforpracticalapplications.

B.AtinselenidewithaZTof3.1canbeeasytoworkwith.

C.Researchersmadean"n-type“versiontomakeworkingdevices

D.A4tp-type^^materialmadefromthetinselenideconductsnegativecharges

35.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scavenge“inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Recycle.B.Produce.C.Clean.D.Increase.

【答案】32.C33.B34.A35.A

【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明J'研究人員制造廉價(jià)的熱力發(fā)電機(jī)，來將廢熱轉(zhuǎn)化為電能而不產(chǎn)

生溫室氣體排放。文章介紹了這種廉價(jià)熱力發(fā)電機(jī)的運(yùn)作方式以及仍然存在的問題。

【32題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Thermoelectricgeneratorsturnwasteheatintoelectricitywithoutproducing

greenhousegasemissions,likeafreelunch.Butthehighcostofthesedeviceshaspreventedtheirwidespread

use.Now,researchershavefoundawaytomakecheapthermae-lectricesthatworkjustaswell.Thework

couldpavethewayforgreenercarengines,andotherenergy-generatingdevices.（熱電發(fā)電機(jī)將廢熱轉(zhuǎn)化為

電能而不產(chǎn)生溫室氣體排放，就像一頓免費(fèi)午餐。但是這些設(shè)備的高成本阻礙了它們的廣泛使用。

現(xiàn)在，研究人員已經(jīng)找到了一種方法，可以制造出廉價(jià)的熱電能。這項(xiàng)工作可能為更環(huán)保的汽車引擎

和其他能源產(chǎn)生設(shè)備鋪平道路）''可知，第一段想告訴我們?yōu)槭裁囱芯咳藛T制造廉價(jià)的熱力發(fā)電機(jī)。故選

Co

【33題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“"Thislookslikeaverysmartwaytorealizehighperformance,saysLi-DongZhao,

amaterialsscientist.Henotestherearestillafewmorestepsbeforethesematerialscanbecome

high-performing.However,hesays,“Thiswillbeusedinthenottoofarfiiture."（"這看起來是一個(gè)實(shí)現(xiàn)高性

能的非常聰明的方法，”材料科學(xué)家趙立東說。他指出，在這些材料變得高性能之前還有幾個(gè)步驟。然

而，他說，“這將在不久的將來使用?！埃翱赏浦?，趙立東對廉價(jià)的熱電發(fā)電機(jī)持樂觀態(tài)度。故選B。

【34題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Yetthematerialwastoofragiletoworkwith."Forpracticalapplications,it'sa

non-star-tcr,"Kanatzidissays.（然而，這種材料太脆弱，無法使用。Kanatzidis說:“就實(shí)際應(yīng)用而言，它

并不是明星。以及第四段中“Gettingthroughthatdoorwillstilltakesometime.（通過那扇門還需要一些

時(shí)間廠可知，2014年的研究在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，它遠(yuǎn)未取得成功。故選A。

【35題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)