美國國際貿(mào)易法院訴訟規(guī)則（中英文對照）

美國國際貿(mào)易法院訴訟規(guī)則（中英文對照）RulesoftheU.S.CourtofInternationalTrade2024版美國國際貿(mào)易法院訴訟程序規(guī)則（中英文對照）這是美國聯(lián)邦法院1980年以來對國際貿(mào)易法院訴訟程序規(guī)則所做的最大規(guī)模的修訂，詳盡地規(guī)定了涉美貿(mào)易糾紛的訴訟、審理和判決的程序，共89條規(guī)則，是中國涉外律師必備重要法律文件。新版本于2023年12月12日修訂，2024年1月22日生效。我們將這個版本的規(guī)則全文漢化，由于篇幅過于龐大，我們對附件僅選擇部分特別重要的做了翻譯。TableofContents目錄TITLEI.SCOPEOFRULES;FORMOFACTION第一章?規(guī)則的范圍；訴訟的形式TITLEII.COMMENCINGANACTION;AMENDINGASUMMONS;SERVICEOFSUMMONS,PLEADINGS,MOTIONS,ANDORDERS第二章?提起訴訟；修改傳票；送達(dá)傳票、訴狀、動議和命令TITLEIII.PLEADINGSANDMOTIONS第三章?書狀與動議TITLEIV.PARTIES第四章.當(dāng)事人TITLEV.DEPOSITIONSANDDISCOVERY第五章?取證與證據(jù)收集TITLEVI.TRIALS第六章?審理TITLEVII.JUDGMENT第七章?判決TITLEVIII.PROVISIONALANDFINALREMEDIES第八章?臨時與最終救濟(jì)TITLEIX.FILINGOFOFFICIALDOCUMENTS第九章.正式文件的歸檔TITLEX.ATTORNEYS第十章?律師TITLEXI.THECOURTANDCLERK第十一章.法院與書記官TitleXII.COURTCALENDARS;GENERALPROVISIONS第十二章.法庭日程；一般規(guī)定部分章節(jié)示例如下：PREFACE前言ThisvolumecontainstherulesprescribingthepracticeandprocedureintheUnitedStatesCourtofInternationalTrade,successortotheUnitedStatesCustomsCourt.TheRulesoftheUnitedStatesCourtofInternationalTrade,necessarytoimplementtheCustomsCourtActsof1980,arestyled,numberedandarrangedtothemaximumextentpracticableinconformitywiththeFederalRulesofCivilProcedures.Additions,deletionsandmodificationstoandfromtheFederalRulesofCivilProcedurehavebeenmadewhererequired.本卷載有規(guī)定美國國際貿(mào)易法院（美國海關(guān)法院的承繼機(jī)構(gòu)）的慣例和程序的規(guī)則?！睹绹鴩H貿(mào)易法院規(guī)則》是實施《1980年海關(guān)法院法案》所必需的，其體例、編號和編排最大限度地符合《聯(lián)邦民事訴訟規(guī)則》。在必要時，對《聯(lián)邦民事訴訟程序規(guī)則》進(jìn)行了增刪和修改。Rule4-2規(guī)則4-2(5)Aftermakingserviceasprescribedinthissubdivision(a),theclerkmustreturnacopyofthesummons,togetherwithproofofserviceandareceiptforpaymentofthefilingfee,tothepersonwhofiledthesummons.(5)按本(a)款規(guī)定送達(dá)后，書記官應(yīng)當(dāng)將傳票副本連同送達(dá)證明和立案費收據(jù)退還給提交傳票的人。(b)SummonsandComplaint;ServicebythePlaintiff.(b)傳票和起訴書；原告送達(dá)。(1)InGeneral.Inanyactionrequiredtobecommencedbytheconcurrentfilingofasummonsandcomplaint,theplaintiffmustcauseserviceofthesummonsandcomplainttobemadeinaccordancewiththisrule.(1)一般情況。在任何需要同時提交傳票和起訴書的訴訟中，原告應(yīng)當(dāng)按照本規(guī)則的規(guī)定送達(dá)傳票和起訴書。Rule4-4規(guī)則4-4(2)FailuretoWaive.IfadefendantlocatedwithintheUnitedStatesfails,withoutgoodcause,tosignandreturnawaiverrequestedbyaplaintifflocatedwithintheUnitedStates,thecourtmustimposeonthedefendant(2)未能放棄送達(dá)。如果位于美國境內(nèi)的被告在沒有正當(dāng)理由的情況下未能簽署并交回位于美國境內(nèi)的原告所要求的放棄送達(dá)申請書，法院應(yīng)當(dāng)向被告征收以下費用：theexpenseslaterincurredinmakingservice;and(A)后來在送達(dá)過程中產(chǎn)生的費用；以及thereasonableexpenses,includingattorney’sfees,ofanymotionrequiredtocollectthoseserviceexpenses.(B)為收取這些送達(dá)費用而提出的任何動議所需的合理費用，包括律師費。(3)TimetoAnswerAfteraWaiver.Adefendantwho,beforebeingservedwithprocess,timelyreturnsawaiverneednotserveananswertothecomplaintuntil60daysaftertherequestwassentoruntil90daysafteritwassenttothedefendantoutsideanyjudicialdistrictoftheUnitedStates.(3)放棄后的答辯時間。被告在收到送達(dá)的訴訟文件之前，如果及時交回放棄送達(dá)申請書，則無需在請求書發(fā)出后60天內(nèi)（或在請求書送達(dá)美國任何司法轄區(qū)以外的被告后90天內(nèi)）對起訴做出答辯。Rule10-1規(guī)則10-1Rule10.FormofPleadings?規(guī)則10.訴訟文書格式(a)Caption;NamesofParties.Everypleadingmusthaveacaptionwiththecourt’sname,atitle,acourtnumber,andaRule7(a)designation.Thecaptionofthesummonsandthecomplaintmustnamealltheparties;thetitleofotherpleadings,afternamingthefirstpartyoneachside,mayrefergenerallytootherparties.(a)標(biāo)題；當(dāng)事人名稱。每份訴訟文書的標(biāo)題應(yīng)當(dāng)包含法院名稱、標(biāo)題、法院編號和《規(guī)則》第7(a)條指定的名稱。傳票和訴狀的標(biāo)題應(yīng)當(dāng)列出所有當(dāng)事人的姓名；其他訴訟文書的標(biāo)題在列出每方第一當(dāng)事人的姓名后，可泛指其他當(dāng)事人。(b)Paragraphs;SeparateStatements.Apartymuststateitsclaimsordefensesinnumberedparagraphs,eachlimitedasfaraspracticabletoasinglesetofcircumstances.Alaterpleadingmayreferbynumbertoaparagraphinanearlierpleading.Ifdoingsowouldpromoteclarity,eachclaimfoundedonaseparatetransactionoroccurrenceandeachdefenseotherthanadenialmustbestatedinaseparatecountordefense.(b)段落；單獨陳述。一方當(dāng)事人應(yīng)當(dāng)以編號段落陳述其申訴或抗辯，每個段落應(yīng)盡可能限于一組情況。后提交的訴訟文書可通過編號提及先前訴訟文書中的段落。如果這樣做能提高清晰度，則應(yīng)當(dāng)在單獨的罪狀或抗辯中陳述基于單獨交易或事件的每項申訴--以及除否認(rèn)之外的每項抗辯。(c)AdoptionbyReference;Exhibits.Astatementinapleadingmaybeadoptedbyreferenceelsewhereinthesamepleadingorinanyotherpleadingormotion.Acopyofawritteninstrumentthatisanexhibittoapleadingisapartofthepleadingforallpurposes.(c)引用；證據(jù)。訴訟文書中的陳述可以在同一訴訟文書的其他地方或任何其他訴訟文書或動議中以引用的方式采納。作為訴訟文書證物的書面文書副本，就所有目的而言均為訴訟文書的一部分。(1)InGeneral.If,afternoticeandareasonableopportunitytorespond,thecourtdeterminesthatRule11(b)hasbeenviolated,thecourtmayimposeanappropriatesanctiononanyattorney,lawfirm,orpartythatviolatedtheruleorisresponsiblefortheviolation.Absentexceptionalcircumstances,alawfirmmustbeheldjointlyresponsibleforaviolationcommittedbyitspartner,associate,oremployee.(1)一般情況。如果在通知并給予合理的答辯機(jī)會后，法院認(rèn)定違反了規(guī)則第11(b)條，法院可對違反規(guī)則或?qū)`反規(guī)則負(fù)有責(zé)任的任何律師、律師事務(wù)所或當(dāng)事人實施適當(dāng)?shù)闹撇谩Ｈ鐭o特殊情況，律師事務(wù)所應(yīng)當(dāng)對其合伙人、合伙人或雇員的違規(guī)行為承擔(dān)連帶責(zé)任。(A)theUnitedStates,oranofficeroragencythereof,mustserveananswertothecomplaint,ortoacrossclaim,orareplytoacounterclaim,within60daysaftertheserviceontheAttorney-in-Charge,InternationalTradeFieldOffice,CommercialLitigationBranch,DepartmentofJustice,ofthepleadinginwhichtheclaimisasserted;exceptthat,(A)美國或其官員或機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)在向司法部商業(yè)訴訟處國際貿(mào)易外地辦事處代理主管送達(dá)提出索賠的訴狀后60天內(nèi)送達(dá)對原告的答辯、對反訴的答辯或?qū)Ψ丛V的答辯；但以下情況除外：(i)inanactiondescribedin28U.S.C.§1581(c),noanswermustbeservedorfiled,and(i)在《美國法典》第28章第1581(c)條所規(guī)定的訴訟中，無需送達(dá)或提交答辯，以及(ii)inanactiondescribedin28U.S.C.§1581(f),involvinganapplicationforanordertomakeconfidentialinformationavailableundersection777(c)(2)oftheTariffActof1930,theanswermustbeservedwithin14daysafterbeingservedwiththesummonsandcomplaint.Forgoodcauseshown,thecourtinanyactionmayorderadifferentperiodoftime.(ii)在《美國法典》第28章第1581(f)條所規(guī)定的訴訟中，涉及根據(jù)《1930年關(guān)稅法》第777(c)(2)條申請?zhí)峁C(jī)密信息的命令，應(yīng)當(dāng)在傳票和起訴書送達(dá)后14天內(nèi)送達(dá)答辯。如有正當(dāng)理由，法院在任何訴訟中均可命令一個不同的期限。Rule12-2規(guī)則12-2(C)ApartyotherthantheUnitedStatesoranofficeroragencythereofmustserveananswertoacounterclaimorcrossclaimwithin21daysafterbeingservedwiththepleadingthatstatesthecounterclaimorcrossclaim.(C)除美國或其官員或機(jī)構(gòu)外，當(dāng)事人應(yīng)當(dāng)在收到陳述反訴或反請求的訴狀后21天內(nèi)送達(dá)對反訴或反請求的回復(fù)。(D)Apartymustserveareplytoananswerwithin21daysafterbeingservedwithanordertoreply,unlesstheorderspecifiesadifferenttime.(D)當(dāng)事人應(yīng)當(dāng)在收到答辯命令后21天內(nèi)送達(dá)對答辯的答辯，除非該命令規(guī)定了不同的時間。(2)EffectofaMotion.Unlessthecourtsetsadifferenttime,servingamotionunderthisrulealterstheseperiodsasfollows:(2)動議的效力。除非法院規(guī)定了不同的時間，否則根據(jù)本規(guī)則送達(dá)的動議會改變這些期限，具體如下：Rule24-1規(guī)則24-1(2)inanactiondescribedinsection517(g)oftheTariffActof1930,isapersondeterminedtohaveenteredmerchandisethroughevasionoristheinterestedpartythatfiledtheallegation;orclaimsaninterestrelatingtothepropertyortransactionthatisthesubjectoftheaction,andissosituatedthatdisposingoftheactionmayasapracticalmatterimpairorimpedethemovant'sabilitytoprotectitsinterest,unlessexistingpartiesadequatelyrepresentthatinterest.(2)在《1930年關(guān)稅法》第517(g)條所規(guī)定的訴訟中，被確定為通過逃避關(guān)稅進(jìn)入商品市場的人，或提出指控的利害關(guān)系人；或主張與作為訴訟標(biāo)的的財產(chǎn)或交易有關(guān)的利益，并且其所處的位置使訴訟的處理可能會在實際上損害或妨礙動議人保護(hù)其利益的能力，除非現(xiàn)有各方充分代表了該利益。(3)Inanactiondescribedin28U.S.C.§1581(c),atimelymotionmustbemadenolaterthan30daysafterthedateofserviceofthecomplaintasprovidedforinRule3(f),unlessforgoodcauseshownatsuchlatertimeforthefollowingreasons:(3)在《美國法典》第28章第1581(c)條所規(guī)定的訴訟中，應(yīng)當(dāng)在規(guī)則第3(f)條規(guī)定的訴狀送達(dá)之日后30天內(nèi)及時提出動議，除非因下列原因在該較晚時間提出正當(dāng)理由：(ii)undercircumstancesinwhichbyduediligenceamotiontointerveneunderthissubsectioncouldnothavebeenmadewithinthe30-dayperiod.Also,inanactiondescribedin28U.S.C.§1581(c),exceptanactiondescribedinsection517(g)oftheTariffActof1930,atthetimeaparty’smotionforinterventionismade,attorneysforthatpartyarerequiredtocomplywiththeproceduressetforthinRule73.2(c)byfilingofaBusinessProprietaryInformationCertificationwhereappropriate.(ii)根據(jù)本分款的規(guī)定，在適當(dāng)努力后仍無法在30天期限內(nèi)提出參加訴訟的動議。此外，在《美國法典》第28章第1581(c)條所規(guī)定的訴訟中，除《1930年關(guān)稅法》第517(g)條所規(guī)定的訴訟外，在一方當(dāng)事人提出參加訴訟的動議時，該方當(dāng)事人的律師應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守第73.2(c)條規(guī)定的程序，酌情提交商業(yè)專有信息證明。(2)Objections.Anobjectionatthetimeoftheexaminationwhethertoevidence,toaparty’sconduct,totheofficer’squalifications,tothemanneroftakingthedeposition,ortoanyotheraspectofthedepositionmustben