2024屆河南省開封市高三下學(xué)期二模英語試題及答案

高中開封市2024屆高三年級第二次質(zhì)量檢測英語本試卷分第卷（選擇題）和第卷（非選擇題）兩部分,考生作答時,將答案答在答題卡上（答題注意事項見答題卡）,在本試題卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后,將本試題卷和答題卡一并交回。注意事項：1.本考試設(shè)試題卷和答題卡兩部分,所有答題必須用2B鉛筆涂（選擇題）或用黑色簽字筆寫（非選擇題）在答題卡上,做在試卷上一律不得分。2.答卷前,務(wù)必用黑色中性筆在答題卡正面清楚地填寫姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號。3.考試時間120分鐘。試卷滿分150分。第I卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whathappenstothespeakers?A.Theyhaveacaraccident.B.Theyarestuckintraffic.C.Theyquarrelwiththeirdaughter.2.Howdoesthemansound?A.Regretful.B.Pleased.C.Nervous.3.Whatdoesthemancongratulatethewomanon?A.Herpromotionatwork.B.Herachievementinsales.C.Herperformanceataconcert.4.WhenwillMary’sfirstclassstart?A.At8:00.B.At8:15.C.At8:30.5.Whatdoesthemandecidetodo?高中1高中A.Livealoneneartheworkplace.B.Choosethehouseinthesuburb.C.Shareanapartmentwithothers.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘；聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.WhatdidthemandoonFriday?A.Hewentswimming.7.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.ATVprogram.B.Aweekendplan.B.Hegaveabiologylesson.C.Heworkedonhisproject.C.Abasketballgame.聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inasupermarket.B.Inafactory.C.Inanoffice.9.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A.Havingarest.B.Testingproducts.C.Improvingquality.聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Whatisthemandoing?A.Jogging.B.Cookingdinner.C.Preparingareport.11.Whydidthewomanskiplunchtoday?A.Shehadastomachache.B.Shewantedtoloseweight.C.Shewasbusyonthephone.12.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Motherandson.C.Brotherandsister.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.Whatistheweatherliketoday?A.Snowy.14.Whatwillthehighesttemperaturebeduringthedaytomorrow?A.-7°C.B.-10°C.C.-13°C.B.Rainy.C.Windy.高中2高中15.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Readnovels.B.Gooutside.C.Drawpictures.16.Whatdoesthewomanremindthemantodo?A.Chargehiscellphone.B.Wearapairofthickgloves.C.Tumontheairconditioner.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whatdidthespeakerprobablylikewhenhewasyounger?A.Beer.18.WhatisthepercentageofalcoholinWhiskey?A.About11%.B.About14%.B.Wine.C.Whiskey.C.About40%.19.Whichplaceisfamousforwineaccordingtothespeaker?A.Scotland.B.Spain.C.Ireland.20.Whatdoesthespeakermeanatlast?A.Wineofgoodqualitycostsalotofmoney.B.Drinkingtoomuchwineisharmfultohealth.C.Wineshouldn'tbeassociatedwithsocialstatus.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAreyoulookingtobridgethegapbetweenlifestyleandhealth,andstartthepositivejourneyoflivinglongerandbetter?Ifso,thenGoldstercanhelp.Ourfriendlycommunityembracesthechallenges,thetriumphs,andtheaspirationsofageing,throughliveonlineclassesforalllevelsofabilities.Classesarescience-backed,hostedbyindustry-leadingexpertsanddesignedfortheover50s.Withupto20liveclassesdaily,there'salwayssomethingtoenjoy,fromPilatesandTaiChitoResistanceTrainingandDance-thereareevenfitnessclassessuitableforalllevelsifyoufancysomethinga-littlemoreenergetic.高中3高中Orifyouprefer,craftyourcreativitywithCreativeWriting,PoetryandArtandsharpenyourcognitionwithBrainTrainingclassesandourhighlyacclaimedbookclub.Youcanevencapturesomecalmandmeltintosome-meditation（冥想）,mindfulnessandself-massagewithclassesthathelptoinviteapeacefulnight'ssleep.Joinforfreenowandreceive:?5freeliveand5freeon-demandclasses,withfullaccesstodailyliveclassesandrecordings?Adaily-emailwithclassjoininglinks?TheMagazinefullofweeklyhealthandwellbeingarticles?ExclusiveonlineeventsSimplylogontohttp://promo.goldster.co.uk/rd5toclaimyourfivefreeclassesorscantheQRcodealthebottomofthepage.Sowhynotchoosetofeelbelter?Joinnowandkeepactive,healthy,andsociallyconnectedwithGoldsler.21.Whoisanintendedreaderofthistext?A.Ayoungladywhoisplanningtoloseweight.B.Ateenagerwhoisinterestedinonlinecourses.C.Amaninhislate30swhowantstoliveahealthylife.D.Anelderlywomanwhoseekstolivelongerandbetter.22.WhichisNOTincludedinGoldster'sclasses?A.Flowerarrangement.C.Sleepimprovement.23.Whatisthetypeofthistext?A.Ahealthreport.B.Fitnesstraining.D.Writingpractice.B.Anadvertisement.D.Anintroduction.C.Anannouncement.BDespiteanever-higherbartograbtheattentionofstudentsinlargelecturehall,TatianaErukhimova,whoteachesphysicsatTexasA&MUniversity,hasmanagedtogetherstudents,aswellasfuturegenerations,excitedaboutthescience,高中4高中Knownas"Dr.Tatiana".theprofessorperformsphysicstrickswithboundlessenergyandenthusiasminhervideos.Arangeofeverydayobjectsareusedinherexperiments,frompingpongballsandtoiletpapertomarshmallows.bicyclewheelsandhairdryers.Videosofherdramaticdemonstrationshavereceivedhundredsofmillionsofviewsacrosssocialmediaplatforms.However,thingsaren'talwayseasy.Whenshefirststartedteachingcollegefreshmanclassestwodecadesago,shealsostruggledtograbtheattentionofherstudents."Ididnotgrabtheirattentiononthefirstday-thatwasmymistake."shesays."Imissedthisopportunitytobondwiththemfromtheverybeginning,andthenittookmeawhiletofindmyvoice."Bythesecondsemester,shefoundherfooting,adjustingherapproachtogetherstudentsengaged.Thekey,shesays,hasbeentomakeherselfapproachableandherinstructionpersonal.And,ofcourse,addshowydemonstrations."Thesedemonstrationsoftenhelpstudentstoconnecttheseabstractconceptswithreallife.”shesays.PhysicsdepartmentheadGrigoryRogachevsaysErukhimova'sworkhashelpedbringvisibilitytothedepartment,withabout2.5millionsubscribersonitsdepartment'sYouTubepage,whichhastranslatedtoaboostinresearchfundsandphysicsmajorapplicants.AsaleaderinaSTEMfieldinwhichwomenareunderrepresented,she'sbecomearolemodelforsome.AfiyaDhananiattendedTexasA&MUniversityafterseeingErukhimova'svideosonline."WatchingDr.Tatianadotheexperimentsonline,especiallysinceshewasafemaleleader.Wasmoreinspiringformetoevengointophysics."DhananisaidinaninterviewwithCBSMornings.That'sallErakhimovasaysshecanhopefor-makingphysicslessforbidding.andmoreexciting.24.WhatdoesErukhimova'sonlinevideosfeature?A.Rarematerials.B.Energeticpresentation.D.Professionalexplanation.C.Plaindemonstration.25.WhichsayingexplainsErukhimova'sinitialfailuretograbstudents'attention20yearsago?A.Allthatglittersisnotgold.B.Sharptoolsmakegoodwork.C.Firstimpressionsaremakeorbreak.D.Afallintothepit,againinyourwit.26.HowdoesErukhimova'sworkcontributetothephysicsdepartment?A.Itleadsmorestudentstochangetheirmajors.B.Itmakesmorepeopletoknowaboutthedepartment.高中5高中C.Ithelpsthedepartmenttranslatemoreresearchpapers.D.Itattractsmorephysicsprofessorstojointhedepartment.27.WhichwordbestdescribesErukhimovaasaleaderinaSTEMfield?A.Inspirational.B.Underestimated.C.Cooperative.D.Ambitious.CThetasteofchampagneasweknowitcouldchangebeyondrecognitioninthecomingyears.Asglobaltemperaturescontinuetorise,theclimatecrisisposesathreattotheproductionofwine.ThesupplyofChardonnay,PinotNoirandPinotMeunier,amongotherpopularwine-makinggrapes,areatrisk.By2050,about85%ofthelandsthatwegrowgoodwinegrapesonwillnolongerproducesuitablewinegrapes.Grapesaresusceptibletoeventhemostsubtlechangesinweather."Wineiskindofthecanary（金絲雀）inthecoalmineforclimatechangeimpactsonagriculturebecausesomuchofthecharacterofwineistiedtothelocalclimate.saidBenjaminCook,aclimatescientist.Hepublishedapaperin2020examiningtheeffectsofclimatechangeonagricultureandhowthediversityofgrapescanincreasetheirresiliencetosuchchanges.Headdsthatscientistsare"seeingprettymuchallplants,includingwinegrapevines,starttheirlifecycleinthegrowingseasonearlier,andoftenfinishupearlier.Youbasicallyripenyourfruitearlierandtypicallyyouharvestearlier.IntheChampagneregionofFrance,thesechangescanalterthedistinctivepersonalitiesofgrapesgrownthere."Ifitmaturestooquickly,theratioofacidityandsugarmightbedifferent."Cooksaid.Agrape'squalitiesaredependentonitsenvironment.Withawarmingplanet,it'shardertoproducegrapesthatmakechampagnetastesweeterandboozier（酒精濃度高的）."Forinstance,inachardonnaygrape,whatyou'relookingforinacoolerclimateisgenerallyanappletaste,whereasinawarmerclimatethewarmthcanchangethegrapesqualitiestobemorelikeatropicalfruit,orevenbanana-like."saidSpiess.Oneofthemanywaysfarmersandwinemakersaretryingtoalleviatetheeffectsofclimatechangeongrapeproductionissiteselection."PlaceslikeBelgiumandtheNetherlandsandSweden,they'reexperiencingpositiveeffectsofclimatechangeastheplanetiswarming.Spiesssaid.As高中6高中differentregionsintheworldexperiencetheeffectsofclimatechangedifferently,theymaystarttohavemoreidealclimateconditionsforwinemaking.ThedownsideforthoseSwedishwinemakers?Ifthosechampagnegrapesaren'tgrownintheChampagneregionofFrance,youcan'tcallitchampagne,whichisaprotecteddesignationoforigin.Sohowdoyousay"bubbly"inSwedish?28.Howdoestheclimatechangethreatentheproductionofwine?A.Byincreasingthediversityofgrapes.B.Byincreasingthecostofwinemaking.C.Byintensifythecompetitionbetweenwinemakers.D.Byreducingtheproductionofsuitablewine-makinggrapes.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"susceptible"inparagraph3probablymean?A.Sensitive.B.Resistant.C.Adaptable.D.Tolerant.30.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Thelifecycleofwinegrapevinesisbecominglonger.B.Achardonnaygrapemaytastelikebananaincoolerclimate.C.Grapes'ratioofacidityandsugarinfluenceschampagne'staste.D.WinemakinginSwedenfacesthesamechallengeasthatinFrance.31.Whichcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.Willchampagnebecomesweeter?B.Whyischampagnecalledchampagne?C.CouldChampagnesoonstopproducingchampagne?D.Whatimpactdoesclimatechangehaveonagriculture?DAfallacyisanerrorinreasoningbasedonopinion,misunderstanding,orintentionalmisdirectionthatmakesanargumentinvalid.Commoncausation（因果關(guān)系）fallaciesincludethoseofoversimplificationandexaggeration,whichoccurwhenactual'causesofaneventarereducedtothepointwhereconnectionsbetweencausesandeffectsareblurredorburied.Oversimplificationiscommon,whichmeansreducingmultiplecausestojustoneorafew.Well-intentionedwritersandspeakerscanfallintothetrapofoversimplificationifnotcareful.高中7高中Onemotivationforsimplificationisthebasicadvicegiventowriters:Don'tgetstuckindetails.Intheprocess,however,awritercanleaveouttoomanydetails,evencriticalinformation.AnothercontributingfactortooversimplificationistheoveruseofanimportanttoolincriticalthinkingcalledOceam'sRazor,aprinciplethatstatesthatthesimplestexplanationthatfitsthedataisthepreferableone.Theproblemisthatthesimplestexplanationmightnotalwaysbetheright-one.AwritercreatinganargumentcanassumethatbasedonOccam'sRazor,thesimplestexplanationislikelytrue,buttheymustnotassumethatisalwaysthecase.Theymustlookatallanglesandcomplexitiesofanissuebeforesettlingonthesimplestexplanation.Hereisanexampleofoversimplification:Schoolviolencehasgoneupandacademicperformancehasgonedownsincevideogamesfeaturingviolencewereintroduced.Therefore,videogameswithviolenceshouldbebanned,resultinginschoolimprovement.Thisargumentexhibitsoversimplificationbecauseitassumesproblemsinschools（increasingviolence,decreasingacademicperformancecanbeattributedtoasinglecause:thetimeyoungpeoplespendplayingvideogamesthatfeatureviolence.Variousotherfactors,includingsocialandeconomicconditionsthatmaycontributetoachild'smentalhealth,areignored.Relatedtothefallacyofoversimplificationisthefallacyofexaggeration-multiplyingacoupleofcausesintomany.32.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlyfocuson?A.Thecausesofoversimplification.C.Thedefinitionofoversimplification.B.Theimpactofoversimplification.D.Thecharacteristicsofoversimplification.33.HowdowriterscommitoversimplificationwhencreatinganargumentbasedonOccam's-Razor?A.Theyconsideranissuetobecomplicated.B.Theylookatanissuefromdifferentangles.C.Theybelievethesimplestexplanationislikelytrue.D.Theyhaveabsolutetrustinthesimplestexplanation.34.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisanexampleofoversimplification?A.Thenation'slackofmoralstandardsiscausedbymultiplefactors.高中8高中B.Thelatestcurrencypolicytakesfullblameforthedecliningeconomy.C.Shewassavedbecauseofthesealbeltaswellasdoctors'timelysaving.D.Theproblemofeducationnotjustliesinteachers'failureofdoingtheirjobs.35.Whatmighttheauthordiscussintheparagraphsthatfollow?A.Waystoavoidoversimplification.B.Moreexamplesofoversimplification.C.Causesandexamplesofexaggeration.D.Thedistinctionbetweenexaggerationandoversimplification.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Friendsareincrediblyimportantpeopleinourlives.Somearewithusfordecades.36Herearesometipstorememberifyou'reprocessingthelossofafriend.Sometimesthingsjustdon'tworkout.37Infact,people,onaverage,loseabouthalfoftheirfriendseverysevenyears.Oneofthemostcommonreasonsthoserelationshipsendisthattheyjustfellthroughthecracks.Thingsdidn'tworkout.Nobodyreallywantedthefriendshiptoend,butpeoplegotbusyanddidn'tintentionallymaintainthefriendship.Maketheunsaidsaid.Sometimes,infriendship,peopledon'tmaketheunsaidsaid.38Andbecausethey'reneverdirectlyaddressed,peoplegettoapointwheretheywanttoendthefriendshipbeforeactuallyaddressingtheproblem.Actually,iftheyhadintervenedsooner,theymighthavebeenabletosavethefriendship.It'snormaltofeelgrief.Whenafriendshipends,thereisagrievingprocess.Allowyourselftofeelthoseemotionsandbepatient.Insteadofpushingyourselftocheerup,trythinkinglikethis,"OfcourseI'mupset.Thisisanaturalpartofintimacy（親密關(guān)系）andloss.IlostsomeoneI'mverycloseto.3940高中9高中It'simportantnottoblameyourselfandbemeantoyourselffornotgettingoverthelossofafriendship.Justbecausethishappenedlikethisdoesn'tmeanmorefriendshipswillhappenlikethis.Allowyourselftohaveafreshperspectivewhenyouenternewfriendships.Youdon'twanttogointoanewconnectionfearfully.A.ThatmeansIlovethemdeeply.B.Bekindtoyourselfalongtheway.C.Findwaystoenteranewfriendship.D.Smallthingscankindofaccumulate.E.Losingfriendsisaregularpartoflife.F.Butnotallofthemcanstandthetestoftime.G.Whenaclosefriendshipends,thereasonsarecomplicated.第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。AsGonzaleswas41tothemartialartsgymwherehetrained,hesawwhatlookedlikeapolicepursuit.A（n）42manofmediumbuild,43inablackT-shirt,wasrunningfromapoliceofficer.WhenGonzales.sawtheofficerinneedof44everyelementofthemoralcodeinstalledinhimthroughhisBrazilianjiu-jitsu（巴西柔術(shù)）trainingtoldhimto45ahand.Gonzalessloweddown.Sodidthemanbeingchased-toavoid46Gonzales'sminivan.That47allowedtheofficertocatchupandtakethesuspecttotheground.However,hequicklyrealizedthattheofficerdidnothave48ofthesituation."Theofficerwasstraddling（跨坐）him,butthesuspectwasaboutto49thepoliceofficerover.Gonzalesjumpedoutofhisvehicleand50himselfontheman'slegs.51,hiswife,Ortiz,usedherphonetorecordthescene.Finally,thethreatwasover.ButforGonzales,theridewasjustbeginning.Ortiz52thevideoonFacebook,whereitattractedover56million53.AmongthoseawedbythevideowasBrazilianjiu-jitsu54,afourth-degreeblackbelt,whostated,"ThecombinationofGonzales'stechniqueandhiscommunicationwithboththeofficerandthesuspectis55!"高中10高中41.A.jogging42.A.muscular43.A.wornB.walkingB.ambitiousB.absorbedB.emergencyB.lendC.drivingD.cyclingD.aggressiveD.buriedC.humorousC.dressedC.solutionC.shake44.A.assistance45.A.sendD.actionD.hold46.A.comingacrossB.holdingup47.A.accusationB.hesitation48.A.consciousnessB.knowledgeC.breakingdownC.adaptationC.controlD.runningintoD.communicationD.advantageD.hand49.A.tipB.fightC.fall50.A.abandonedB.draggedB.ThereforeB.editedC.pulledD.threw5I.A.HoweverC.MeanwhileC.sawD.Instead52.A.downloaded53.A.customers54.A.instructor55.A.heroicD.postedB.viewsC.cheersD.researchesD.inventorD.legendaryB.conductorB.movingC.operatorC.understandable第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下邊短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的適當(dāng)形式。2024is"TheYearoftheDragon"ontheChineselunarcalendar.But56that'sthepropertranslationoftheiconicmythicalsymbolofChinaornothasaroused57（heat）debate.TheWesternconceptofdragonisnotconsistentwith58oftheChinesedragon.InfluencedbyGreekmythology,thedragonisoftenthekeeperoftreasure.ForEuropeans,dragonisusuallyamonster59（keep）distancesawayfrompeople.Withfourlegsandtwohugeblackwings,theycanspitfireorevenpoisongasoutoftheirmouth.Contrary60theevilimageofEuropeandragons,Chinesedragonssymbolize61（strong）andgoodluck.InChineselegends,dragonswereappointedheadofthefourseas,rulersofweatherandwater.ThosebornintheyearoftheLoongarebelieved62（be）interestedintheworldandwillingtogiveahelpinghand.ThedifferencesinperceptionofthemythicalcreaturesinChinaandtheWest63（root）intheirdifferentculturalvalues.Whatisimportantisthatasweenter64newlunaryear,people65（global）appreciatetheculturalvaluesembodiedinsuchChinesesymbolsasLoong.高中11高中第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié),滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）假如你是李華,你校外教Peter對中國傳統(tǒng)美食很感興趣,請你給他寫一封電子郵件推薦一種中國傳統(tǒng)美食,內(nèi)容包括：