初中一般過去時課件[優(yōu)選課資]

1、一般過去時 1教學(xué)類別 一、定義 動詞的一般過去時態(tài)表示過去發(fā)生的動作、情況或存 在的狀態(tài)。行為動詞（即實義動詞）的過去式?jīng)]有人 稱和數(shù)的變化。 2教學(xué)類別 二、謂語動詞的構(gòu)成形式二、謂語動詞的構(gòu)成形式 一般過去時的謂語動詞有一般過去時的謂語動詞有be動詞和行為動詞兩種基動詞和行為動詞兩種基 本形式。本形式。 類比一般現(xiàn)在時：類比一般現(xiàn)在時： （1）當謂語動詞是）當謂語動詞是be (am, is, are) 動詞時，動詞時，am/ is 變?yōu)樽優(yōu)閣as, are 變?yōu)樽優(yōu)閣ere。在。在 否定句中，直接將否定句中，直接將not添加在添加在was/ were之后之后. 疑問句時，將疑問句時，將w

2、as/were置于主語之前即可。置于主語之前即可。 e.g. 肯：肯： I was ill yesterday morning. 否：否： I wasnt ill yesterday. 3教學(xué)類別 一般疑問句：一般疑問句：Were you ill yesterday morning? Yes, I was. /No, I wasnt. 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問句：How was she？ （2）當謂語動詞是行為動詞時，將對應(yīng)的一般現(xiàn)在時肯定句 中的行為動詞變成過去式；否定及疑問句中的do/does變成 did即可動詞仍用原形，即“見did，也用動原”。 一般現(xiàn)在時 一般過去時 e.g. She l

3、ikes dancing. She doesnt like dancing. Does she like dancing？ What does she like？ She liked dancing. She didnt like dancing. Did she like dancing？ What did she like？ 4教學(xué)類別 規(guī)則過去式變化規(guī)律： 一般直接加ed或dp l a y p l a y e d looklooked likeliked wantwanted 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的， 改y為i加ed s t u d y s t u d i e d carrycarried

4、 以“單元音+單輔音” 結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)雙寫 詞尾的輔音字母再加ed s t o p s t o p p e d planplanned 不規(guī)則變化有： seesaw dodid gowent am/iswas arewere has/havehad等 5教學(xué)類別 寫出下列動詞的過去式 1. study _ 2. go _ 3. turn _ 4. are_ 5. play _ 6. have _ 7. stop _ 8. clean_ 9. is _ 10. love_ 6教學(xué)類別 三、一般過去時的用法 1.表示在表示在過去時間里發(fā)生過去時間里發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)的動作或存在的狀態(tài) e.g

5、. Liu Jie got up at 7: 10 this morning. He was a student three years ago. 2表示表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作。的動作。 e.g. Zhang always went to school by bike last term. 3表示表示已故人所做已故人所做的事情。的事情。 e.g. Comrade Lei Feng did good deeds in his life. (雷鋒同志做了一生的好事。) 7教學(xué)類別 4.表示表示過去所發(fā)生的一系列的動作過去所發(fā)生的一系列的動作，而這一系列的，而這一系列的 動作

6、是從現(xiàn)在的角度來考慮的，不是從動作相互之動作是從現(xiàn)在的角度來考慮的，不是從動作相互之 間的關(guān)系這一角度來考慮的。間的關(guān)系這一角度來考慮的。 e.g. Miss Liu got up at seven oclock this morning, dressed, had breakfast, and went to work. 8教學(xué)類別 四、一般過去時常用的時間狀語四、一般過去時常用的時間狀語 1.yesterday或以其構(gòu)成的短語：yesterday morning(afternoon, evening)等； 2. 由“l(fā)ast+一時間名詞”構(gòu)成的短語：last night, last yea

7、r (winter, month, week)等； 3. 由“時間段+ago”構(gòu)成的短語：a moment ago, a short time ago, an hour ago等； 4. 由“介詞+一時間名詞”構(gòu)成的短語：on Friday, on Monday morning, on April 15, on the night of Oct. 1，in 1980； 9教學(xué)類別 5.頻度副詞：often, always 等； 6. 其它：then, just now, once,以及由after或before 構(gòu)成的介詞短語等； 7. 由某些表示過去時態(tài)的從句等。 比較： He is 15

8、now. He was 14 last year. He was born on January 12,1991. 10教學(xué)類別 練一練： 1,She often _(go) to school at eight oclock. 2,They are _ supper. (eat) 3,He usually _ up at 17:00.(get ) 4,She _(live) in Beijing last year. 5._(be)there a fly (蒼蠅蒼蠅) on the table just now? 6. I _(call) Mike this morning. 7. Last

9、 week we _(pick) many apples on the farm. 8.My mother _(not do) housework yesterday. 11教學(xué)類別 v常見錯誤 一、把動詞變成過去式易出錯 例: 1 They stoped (stop) talking just now. 2 They plaied (play) football yesterday. 答案: 1 stopped 2 played 解析:我們可以記住下面的口訣:動詞變成過去式,雙寫 規(guī)律要牢記;y前若是輔音字,y變i加-ed;y前若是元音 字,只須直接加-ed. 二、忘記把動詞變成過去式 例:

10、 I fly (fly) kites on the afternoon of Sunday. 答案: flew 解析:我們可以記住下面的口訣:一般過去時態(tài)里,過去 形式莫忘記. 12教學(xué)類別 v三 、在句式變換時易出錯 v例: 1 We didnt went (not go) out last Friday. v2 Did you had (have) a good time yesterday? v答案: 1 didnt go 2 Did have v 解析:請記住口訣見助動, 用原形. v四 、易與單三人稱作主語的一般現(xiàn)在時弄混 v例: He taughts (teach) me Engl

11、ish last year. v答案: taught v解析:行為動詞的過去式無人稱和數(shù)的變化.即使主 語是單三人稱,也和其它人稱所用動詞的形式一樣. 13教學(xué)類別 真題演練： 1.（07中考） When _ your brother _ back? About half an hour ago. A.did; come B. had; come C. do; come D. have; come 2.（08中考）When _ your mother _ you that blue dress, Mary? Sorry, I really cant remember. A. does; buy

12、 B. has; bought C. had; bought D. did; buy 3.（09中考）When _ Jessy _ to New York？ Yesterday. A.does;get B.did;get C.has;got D.had;got 14教學(xué)類別 改錯題改錯題 How is Jane yesterday? _ He gets to school at six yesterday. _ He often goes home at 6:00 last month. _ I can fly kites seven years ago. _ Did you saw him just now. _ Tom wasnt watch TV last night. _ I did my homework later . _ He wait for you three hours ago. _ Who find it just now ? _ 15教學(xué)類別 句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1.They came to China in 1990.(變一般疑問句) _ they _ to China in 1990? 2.I was ill for two days last week? (同上) _ you ill