Unit3Theworldofscience現(xiàn)在完成時被動態(tài)詳解與練習(原卷版)

必修3unit3現(xiàn)在完成時被動態(tài)觀察以下句子：Allpreparationsforthetaskhavebeenpletedsofar.Theirlivingconditionshavebeenimprovedbecauseof5Gtechnologyinthepastfiveyears.Greatdiscoverieshavebeenmadesincespaceexplorationsincelastyear.Threefourthsofthehouseworkhasbeendonebythecoupleuptonow.Recentlythenewshasbeenspreadtoeverycorneroftheworld.總結(jié)規(guī)律：以上例句中的時態(tài)和語態(tài)是________________________結(jié)構為：_________________________以上句子中的時間狀語分別為：______________;_____________;______________;____________;______________現(xiàn)在完成時被動態(tài)：概念：現(xiàn)在完成時概念：過去的動作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在造成影響。主語是行為動作的發(fā)出者。現(xiàn)在完成時被動態(tài)概念：過去的動作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在造成影響。主語是行為動作的承受著。結(jié)構：肯定式have/has+been+v.ed否定式have/has+not+been+v.ed一般疑問句Have/Has+主語+been+v.ed?特殊疑問句疑問詞+have/has+been+v.ed?舉例說明：Hehasbeenrecognizedasarolemodelsinceheenteredthemiddleschool.自從他進入初中以來一直是別人的榜樣。改為否定式：________________________________________________________改為一般疑問句：________________________________________________________（對劃線部分提問）Hehasbeenrecognizedasarolemodelsinceheenteredthemiddleschool.特殊問句形式：___________________________________________________________二、現(xiàn)在完成時被動態(tài)的基本用法:(1)表示被動的動作從過去開始，對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，通常與already,yet,just,never,recently等副詞連用。Hehasn’tbeenemployedyet.他還沒有被雇傭。Theproblemhasalreadybeensettledbyus.問題已經(jīng)被我們解決了。Recentlyaheateddiscussionhasbeencarriedout.近來，一場熱議已經(jīng)開展。Suchabettersonghasneverbeenheardbyme.我從未聽過這么好聽的歌曲。表示被動的動作從過去開始，對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，通常與for或since引導的時間狀語連用，或用于“Howlong..?”中。ThewaystolearnPekingOperahavebeenintroducedtoussincetheoldartistcametoourschool.自從老藝術家來我們學校以來介紹給我們很多京劇的學習方法。Thefinancialprobleminthepoorcountryhasbeendiscussedonlineforthewholeweek.這個窮苦國家的經(jīng)濟問題已經(jīng)在線上討論一整個星期了。Howlonghasthebookbeenkeptbyyou?你借這本書多久了？用在時間或條件狀語從句中，用現(xiàn)在完成時代替一般現(xiàn)在時，強調(diào)動作的完成。Ifthetaskhasbeenfinished,youwillgetareward.如果你完成這個任務，你會得到一個獎勵。Theycannotgotravellingbeforethecarhasbeenrepairedwell.車修好了，他們才去旅游。三、現(xiàn)在完成時被動態(tài)的注意事項1.某些不及物動詞或短語沒有被動態(tài)，也就不會有現(xiàn)在完成時的被動態(tài)。常見的不及物動詞：happen,occur,fail,exist,appear,remain,rise等常見的不及物動詞短語：takeplace“發(fā)生”,breakout“戰(zhàn)爭或疾病等爆發(fā)”,breakin“闖入”,eabout“發(fā)生”,consistof“由...組成”,eup“被提出”等。2.使用現(xiàn)在完成時被動態(tài)的時間狀語為：sofar“到目前為止”,untilnow“到目前為止”,tillnow“到目前為止”,uptonow“到目前為止”,bynow“到現(xiàn)在為止”，over/inthelast/past+短時間“在過去的一段時間里”,for+段時間等。用于固定結(jié)構或句式中①Itisthefirsttimethat...(that從句中的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時)“這是第幾次......”②Itis/hasbeen+段時間+since...(since從句中的謂語動詞為一般過去式)“自從......已經(jīng)一段時間了”舉例：Itisthesecondtimethathehastakenpartintheschoolfootballmatch.這是他第二次參加學校足球比賽。Ithasbeen/isthreehourssincehebegantowritethereport.自從他開始寫報告已經(jīng)3個小時了。鞏固練習：(1)單句語法填空①．Thesystem_____________(design)togivetheusersquickandeasyaccesstotherequiredinformationsincelastyear.②．Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,thesedaysourlife_________________(change)totally.③．I______________(offer)alargesumofmoneytogoawayuntilnow,butIamdeterminedtostayhere.④．GreatadvancesinEnglish________________(make)duetotheireffortinthelasttenyears.⑤.Withmoreeffectivemeasuresputinplace,thedisease________________(bring)undercontrolsofar.⑥Yourband_______________(form)foralongtimeandIbelieveyouradvicewillenablemetobeacceptedsuccessfully.⑦Overthepastthreeyears,mylife______________(turn)upsidedown.⑧He______________(tell)manytimes,buthestillmakesthesamemistakes.⑨Aworkingparty(setup)tolookintothemattersincetheaccidenthappened.⑩Thenewtechnology(apply)tofarminguptonow.(2)單項選擇1．Alargequantityofairconditioners________sincethesummercame.A．hassold B．havesold C．hasbeensold D．havebeensold2．Itisthefirsttimethathe_______byadog.A．havebitten B．hasbitten C．havebeenbitten D．hasbeenbitten3．Everypossiblemethod_____,butnoneseemstomakethingsworkout.A．hasbeentried B．tried C．isbeingtried D．hastried4．HarryPorter,whichislikedbymanystudents,________intoseveraldifferentfilmsoverthepastyears.A．hadbeenmadeB．hasbeenmade C．wasmade D．wouldbemade5．SofarthelighthousesalongNorthCarolina’scoast_____assignsofsafetyfortravellersatsea.A．hasbeenrecognizedB．hasrecognizedC．recognized D．havebeenrecognized6．Thedictionaryisoutofdate.Manyaword___________tothelanguagesinceitwaspublished.A．havebeenadded B．wereadded C．hasbeenadded D．wasadded7．Inthepasttenyears,alargeamountofenvironmentaldamage________bythedestructionoftherainforests.A．werecaused B．wascausedC．havebeencaused D．hasbeencaused8．—Canyouseetheflowersthat______aspresentsforyourmother’sbirthday?—Yes.Theyaresobeautiful.A．a(chǎn)rebuying B．willbuy C．havebrought D．havebeenbought9．Thisisoneofthebestfilms________.A．thathasshownthisyear B．thathaveshownthisyearC．thathasbeenshownthisyear D．thathavebeenshownthisyear10．Michelangelo,aswellassomeotherartists,________as“artists”ratherthan“technicians”,whichmeansartandtechnologyhavealwaysbeenseenastwoseparatethings.A．hasbeenlabelling B．havebeenlabelling,C．hasbeenlabelled D．havebeenlabelled11．ItisthefirsttimethatsuchgrandAsianGames______inHangzhoucity.A．a(chǎn)reheld B．havebeenheld C．hadbeenheld D．wereheld12．______isknownthatwiththehelpofhightechnology,moreand