《中考英語語法：介詞》課件

中考英語語法介詞牢記介詞詞組的固定搭配介詞的學(xué)習(xí)方法介詞+時間/地點…做狀語英語介詞最基本的使用規(guī)則每種介詞的核心含義介詞詞組對名詞的修飾(做定語)第一部分介詞的使用方法介詞的用法介詞不能單獨使用介詞后必須+名詞/代詞/動名詞/從句Iaminterestedinthegame我對這個游戲很感興趣Iaminterestedinit我對它很感興趣Iaminterestedinplayinggame.我對玩很感興趣Iaminterestedinwhatyoulike.我對你喜歡什么很感興趣Sbbeinterestedin…介詞易錯點所有的狀語---對時間,地點,方式,原因等構(gòu)成,都要有:介詞+名詞=狀語而介詞在漢語中是:在…,這就導(dǎo)致了覺得千變?nèi)f化例:Itrainedawholenight錯Itrainedforawholenight對例:Igohome對原因:home是副詞,而介詞只能+名詞/代詞/動名詞例:heinacoat錯Heisinacoat對錯誤原因:謂語只能動詞,介詞不能當(dāng)謂語第二部分方位介詞方位介詞使用說明方位介詞許多同學(xué)覺得特別亂,方位不易掌握,本篇在編排過程中采用如下幾塊結(jié)構(gòu).在…上,下,左,右,前,后,從…到…與…緊貼/臨,附近,旁邊在…之間In,on,at的區(qū)別橫向,縱向逆/迎著,朝著,沿著,經(jīng)過Ontheleftof在…之左Behind(prep)在…之后參照物Infrontof…在…之前Ontherightof在…之右before在…之前Atbackof在…之后區(qū)別在左邊ontheleft在…的左邊ontheleftof在右邊ontheright在…的右邊ontherightof類似上面所提,差別就是有ofInthebeginning在開始—inthemiddle在中間—intheend/atlast/finally在最后Atthebeginningof在…的開始---atthemiddleof…在…的中間---attheendof…在…的結(jié)尾Atbackof…在…(外部)后面Iamatbackofthecomputer.我在電腦的后面Atthebackof…在…(內(nèi)部)后面Thesofaisatthebackoftheclassroom.沙發(fā)在教室的后面Infrontof…在…(外部)前面Thecomputerisinfrontofme.電腦在我前面Inthefrontof…在…(內(nèi)部)前面Thecomputerisinthefrontoftheclassroom電腦在教室的前面(否存在包含關(guān)系的)前后區(qū)別參照物L(fēng)eftRightfrombenextto...紫色的緊挨著綠色的Thepurpleisnexttothegreen參照物Next

Thepurpleisnextto/bythegreen紫色的緊挨著綠色的Thegrayisnear/nearbythegreen紫色的緊挨著綠色的By

Near在…附近Nearby在…附近byAhousestandsbyariver房子緊挨河而建參照物intheneighborhoodofIsthereahotelintheneighborhoodoftheschool?在這所學(xué)校附近有旅館嗎?參照物Beside在…旁邊

Alltheyellowarebesideit.所有這些黃顏色的在它的旁邊Side(n)邊Beside(prep)在…的旁邊Besides(prep)除…之外還有webesidesthemwelcomedtheexpert除了他們還有我們都?xì)g迎這個磚家BBetween(prep)兩者之間AThegreenisbetweentwoofthem.綠色的在他們兩者之間ABCDamong(prep)三者之間Thegreenisamongfourofthem.綠色的在他們四者之間參照物On緊貼之上Thesupermarketisonthestreet.超市在這個大街上Beneath(緊貼)之下On(緊貼)之上Under(垂直)之下over(垂直)之上above(泛指)之上below(泛指)之下At在…(地點)小地方記憶固定搭配Hearrivedatavillage.Atthegate在門口.attheairport在機場.

Athome在家.In在…里大地方在…里Hearrivedinthecity.InChina,inthebed,inthestreet.On在…緊貼之上Theshipisonthesea.船在海上Theshipwasinthesea.這艘船永遠(yuǎn)躺在了海里(in/on/at)表示地點的區(qū)別In表示靜止Into進(jìn)入;表示動作Hewalkedintheroom他在房間里散步Hewalkedintotheroom他走進(jìn)房間Hewasintheroom他在屋子里Hewasintotheroom他進(jìn)入房間?？键c:Enteraroom=walk/gointoaroomEnter(vt)進(jìn)入---其后不能再用intoHeenteredtheroom=HewalkedintotheroomIn在…里面Hewasinthegarden.他在花園里Into進(jìn)入…里Hewasintothegardenjustnow.他剛才走進(jìn)了花園(in/into)的區(qū)別across(prep)橫向穿越...acrossfrom在...對面Cross---across易錯點:漢語意思相同,但是詞性不同,所以用法完全不同Cross(v)=goacross例:Hecrossedthestreet=HewentacrossthestreetCross(n)任何十字型的東西十字路口/十字架/TheRedCross紅十字Through(prep)穿越穿過通過goacross橫向穿越gothrough縱向穿越Hewentacrossthestreet他穿過了這條街Asupermarketisacrossfrommyclassroom.一家超市在我們教室對面Thetrainwentthroughthetunnel火車穿過了隧道Against(prep)逆著,迎著Again(adv)又一次Againandagain一次又一次一次又一次逆風(fēng)而行againAgainagainstsailwindagainstagainandagaintoTo(prep)朝著…Theygotoschooleveryday.他們每天上學(xué).Thekeytothelock.這把鎖的鑰匙TO不定式:v變…tov原…wanttodo;hopetodo;可表示目的Let/makesbdo…主動不帶toLetusgo;但是這兩個詞,被動語態(tài)中必須to介詞:方向to---at時間4to9:00固定搭配thewayto;thekeyto;lookforwardtodoing注意:特殊的動詞詞組與不定式的區(qū)別goalongalongriver助記詞longHewalksalongalongriver他沿著一條長的河走goalong+街道/河流...沿著這條河有很多樹沿著這條河的兩邊有很多樹沿著這條河的任何一邊有很多樹TherearemanytreesalongtheriverTherearemanytreesonbothsidesoftheriverTherearemanytreesoneithersideoftheriverpastPast(prep)經(jīng)過…someflypastthebutterfly.Hewalkedpastthedoor.他走過這扇門Thecardrovepastthehouse.這輛汽車駛過這所房子Pass--pastCross=goacrossPass經(jīng)過=gopast走過例:這輛車疾馳而過ThecarpassedquicklyThecardrovepastquicklyPast(prep,n,adj)Adj過去的:IfeelIambecomingoldbecauseIoftenmissthepasttime.N:過去Doyoumissthepast?Prep:gopast---pass表示位置,方向的詞組Atfirst首先Atlast最后Atsea在大海上Atthebeginningof在…開始Attheendof在…末尾Attheheadof在…最前頭Faraway遠(yuǎn)離Firstofall首先;第一步From…to…從…到…Intheend最后Ontheearth在地球上Outof…從…向外Overthere在那邊Allover遍及…的每一部分Onone’swayto…在去…的途中Hereandthere到處第三部分時間介詞天天Intheweek在這一周Inthemonth在這一月Intheseason在這一季Intheyear在這一年Inthecentury在這一世紀(jì)OnSaturday在周六OnMarch4th在三月四日OnSundaymorning在周日早晨OnMarch4thmorning在三月四日早晨半天At7:00在七點Atnoon在中午Atdawn在黎明Atnight在夜晚in/on/at表示時間的區(qū)別具體時間表示方法—atonin全用上At時+on星期日/月+(in)年At9clockonSundayonmay28evening,19671967年5月28日周日晚9點在上午/下午/晚上在具體某天的上午/下午/晚上On具體某天上午/下午/晚上Inthemorning在早晨OnSundaymorning在周日早晨Intheafternoon在下午Onmarch4afternoon在三月四日早晨Intheevening在晚上OnSundayevening在周日晚上練習(xí):請翻譯下列句子他平時早晨喝粥,但是周日早晨不吃飯.他平時下午上課,周日下午休息Hehasporridgeforbreakfastinthemorning.ButheneverhasbreakfastonSundaymorning.Hehasclassesintheafternoon,hedoesnothaveclassonSundayafternoon.

During/for的區(qū)別During+已知時間段在…期間IthadrainedduringChristmas圣誕節(jié)期間一直下雨Iwillstayhereduringthesummer整個夏天我都將呆在這兒For+具體時間段常回答howlong持續(xù)…時間Itrainedforaday.雨持續(xù)下了一天Bakethecakefor40minutes.持續(xù)烤這個蛋糕40分鐘Hewasillforaweek,andduringthatweekheatelittle.他生病了一周,在那一周他吃得很少.Sincefor的區(qū)別Since+具體時間自從…只用于完成時中Hehasbeenastudentsince1996他從96年就是學(xué)生了From+具體時間從…(到…)不用于完成時Istudiedherefrom1994to1998.我從1994到1998在這里學(xué)習(xí)Iwillstudyhardfromnowon我從現(xiàn)在開始要好好學(xué)習(xí)For+一段時間持續(xù)一段時間可用于完成,一般現(xiàn)在,一般過去時Hehasbeenastudentfor9years他做學(xué)生已經(jīng)9年了.Bakethecakefor40minutes烤這個蛋糕40分.not...until+時間詞直到...才...Hedidnotgotobeduntil11clocklastnight(他昨晚沒有睡覺直到11點).他昨天晚上到11點才睡覺Hedidnotgetupuntil8clockthismorning.今天早晨到八點才起床Intime及時Ireachedthebusstopintime.我及時趕到了汽車站Ontime按時Youmustgotoschoolontime.你必須按時上學(xué)After在…之后Wewillgohomeafterclass.下課后我們打算回家Hegoesonworkingdayafterday.他一天又一天的工作Before在…之前Pridegoesbeforeafall驕者必敗Imethimyesterday,butIknewofhimlongbeforethat.我昨天遇到他了,但是我很早以前就認(rèn)識他了表示時間的詞組(1)Amomentago剛才Amomentlater片刻之后Awasteoftime浪費時間Allday一天到晚Alltheyeararound一年到頭Asusual象平時一樣Atonce=rightnow立刻/馬上Atthemoment此時此刻Atthesametime同時Attimes有時,偶爾Eversince曾經(jīng)Fromnowon從現(xiàn)在開始Hourandhour連續(xù)地Inahurry匆忙地Intheday在白天Justnow就在現(xiàn)在Justthen就在剛才Onceuponatime很久以前表示時間的詞組(2)Rightnow立刻,馬上Sofar到目前為止Afterawhile過了一會兒Afterclass下課后Allthetime一直/始終/總是Assoonaspossible盡可能早的/盡快Attheageof在…歲時Inthefuture在將來Soonerorlater遲早Beforelong不久以后Longbefore很久以前Ago/before在…之前Atthebeginningof在…開始時Attheendof在…結(jié)束時Atthemiddleof在…中間第四部分其它介詞及總結(jié)with和…請與and區(qū)別Hewithmegoes.HeandIgo.他和我一起去用…請與use區(qū)別IwritewithpenIusepentowrite.我用筆寫具有,帶有請與have區(qū)別Shehaslonghair.Thegirlwithlonghair.她有一頭長發(fā)without沒有...Icannotfinishthejobwithoutyourhelp.沒有你的幫助我不可能完成這項工作的Healwaysgoesoutwithoutahat.他經(jīng)常不戴帽子出門by乘…交通工具請與take/ride區(qū)別Theygotoschoolbybus.Theytakebustoschool.他們乘公交車上學(xué)被/通過(被動語態(tài))Thejobisdonebymachine.這個工作被機器來做在…旁邊(請參閱本講11頁)Comeandsitbyme.坐到我身邊來Thereisahousebytheriver.河邊有一所房子.of...的Sb’ssth某人的…Tom’sfamily湯姆的家Sthofsb某人的…ThefamilyofTom湯姆的家likeLike(v)喜歡Helikesgame.他喜歡游戲Like(prep)象…Helookslikehisfather.他看起來象他的父親Alike(adj)象…(只用于表語)Theyarealike.他們看起來很象for為了…Serveforpeople.為人民服務(wù)Iwrotealetterforhim我替他寫了此信Itwillbegoodforyou它會對你有好處的因為=becauuseofHewassenttoprisonforstealing.他因為偷盜而被送進(jìn)監(jiān)獄for+時間段一段時間Theyhavebeenherefor2years他們在這兒已經(jīng)兩年了around圍繞于...環(huán)繞于...Round(v)環(huán)繞Theearthroundsthesun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn).Around(prep)環(huán)繞于…Theearthisaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn).大約It’sabout7:00clock.現(xiàn)在大約七點Thereareabout1000people.這兒大約有1000人關(guān)于IamreadingabookaboutEnglish我正在讀一本關(guān)于英語方面的書WhatdoyouknowaboutChina?對于中國你了解什么?HowaboutHowaboutyou?你怎么樣?aboutWithIwritewithpen.UseIusepentowrite.InHeisinablueshirt.WearHewearsablueshirt.ByTheygotoschoolbybus.Take/rideTheytakebustoschool.IntoHewentintotheroomEnterHeenteredtheroomAroundTheearthisaroundthesunRoundTheearthroundsthesunAcrossHe