2022-2023學年安徽省六安市金安區(qū)田家炳實驗中學高一（下）期末英語試卷（含解析）

2022-2023學年安徽省六安市金安區(qū)田家炳實驗中學高一（下）

期末英語試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）

A

AirTravelGuidelinesforChildren

We'reheretohelpyoupreparetoflywithyourchildren.Here*showitworks.

Bookingachild'sticket

You'llneedtobuyaseparateticketif：

?Youbookanintemationalflight.

?Yourchildis2yearsoldorolderattakeoff.

?Yourchildisababysittinginhisorherownseat.

Insomecases,childrencanflyforfree.Ifeverythingbelowistrue,youwon'tneedtobuyyourchilda

separateticket：

?Youbookadomestic（國內(nèi)）flight.

?Yourchildisababy（lessthan2yearsold）,altakeoff.

?Yourbabysitsonthelegsofatravelerovertheageof12.

?Nomorethan1babyisseatedonthelegsofatraveler.

Nowfortherules,eachtravelerovertheageof12mayaccompany（陪伴）upto2babies,eachseated

intheirownseat.

Documentsachildwillneed

Theairlinesdeterminewhatdocumentsyou'llneedtotravel.Inshort,ifyou'reflyingdomestically,each

childmightneedaphotoID.Ifyou'reflyinginternationally,eachchildwillneedapassport.Additionally,

childrenunder18travelingtoMexiconeedtoprovideproveddocumentationandlettersofpermission.For

moreinformation，pleasevisittheUSEmbassy（大使館）website.

Unaccompaniedchildrenonflights

?Someairlinesmaychargeafeeforunaccompaniedchildservice.

?Childrenunder5andover17mightbeunfitforunaccompaniedchildservice.

?Boththeadultdroppingthechildoffattheairportandtheadultpickingthechilduparerequiredtoshow

identification.

Contactyourairlinetoaskaboutmoreinformation.

1.Underwhichconditiondoyouhavetobuyaticketforyourbabygirl?

A.Shesitsonyourlegs.

B.Sheneedsadomesticflight.

C.Sherequiresaseparateseat.

D.Sheisundertheageof2attakeoff.

2.WhatdocumentmightachildneedtoflywithintheUSA?

A.AphotoID.B.Apassport.

C.Proveddocumentation.D.Aletterofpermission.

3.Whocanuseunaccompaniedchildservice?

A.A4-year-oldboy.B.A1O-year-oldboy.

C.An18-year-oldboy.D.A19-year-oldboy.

B

AliceMooreisateenagerentrepreneur（創(chuàng)業(yè)者），whoinMay2015setupherbusiness

AilieCandy.Bythetimeshewas13,hercompanywasworthmillionsofdollars

withtheinventionofasuper-sweettreatthatcouldsavekids'teeth,insteadofdestroyingthem.

ItallbeganwhenMoorevisitedabankwithherdad.Ontheouting,shewasofferedacandy

bar.However,herdadremindedherthatsugarytreatswerebadforherteeth.ButMoorewassickofmissing

outoncandies.Soshedesiredtogetroundthewarning,"Whycan'tImakeahealthycandythat'sgoodfor

myteethsothatmyparentscan'tsaynoto

it

?"Withthatinmind,Mooreaskedherdadif

shecouldstartherowncandycompany.Herecommendedthatshedosomeresearchandtalktodentists

aboutwhatahealthiercandywouldcontain.

Withherdad'spermission,shespentthenexttwoyearsresearchingonlineandconductingtrialstogeta

recipethatwasbothtastyandtooth-friendly.Shealsoapproacheddentiststolearnmoreaboutteeth

cleaning.Consequently,shesucceededinmakingakindofcandyonlyusingnaturalsweeteners,whichcan

reduceoralbacteria.

Moorethenusedhersavingstogetherbusinessofftheground.Afterwards,sheandherfathersecuredtheir

firstbusinessmeetingwithasupermarketowner,whofinallyagreedtosellMoore'sproduct-CanCandy.

AsCanCandy'ssuccessgrows,sodoesMoore'scredibilityasayoungentrepreneur.Mooreisenthusiastic

aboutthecandyshecreated,andshe'salsopositiveaboutwhatthefuturemightbring.Shehopesthatevery

kidcanhaveacleanmouthandabroadsmile.

Meanwhile,withherparents'help,Mooreisgenerallyabletoliveanormalteenagelife.Althoughshe

foundedhercompanyearlyoninlife,shewasn'tdrivenprimarilybyprofit.Moorewantstouseherunique

talenttohelpothersfindtheirsmiles.Shedonates10%ofAilieCandy'sprofitstoBigSmiles.Withher

talentanddetermination,itappearsthattheskycouldbethelimitforAliceMoore.

4.HowdidMoorereacttoherdad'swarning?

A.Shearguedwithhim.B.Shetriedtofindawayout.

C.Shepaidnoattention.D.Shechosetoconsultdentists.

5.WhatisspecialaboutCanCandy?

A.Itisbeneficialtodentalhealth.

B.Itisfreeofsweeteners.

C.Itissweeterthanothercandies.

D.Itisproducedtoadentists1recipe.

6.WhatdoesMooreexpectfromherbusiness?

A.Toearnmoremoney.B.Tohelpothersfindsmiles.

C.Tomakeherselfstandout.D.Tobeatothercandycompanies.

7.WhatcanwelearnfromAliceMoore'sstory?

A.Fameisagreatthirstoftheyoung.

B.Ayouthistoberegardedwithrespect.

C.Positivethinkingandactionresultinsuccess.

D.Successmeansgettingpersonaldesiressatisfied.

c

Tosome,acow'sburp（打嗝）mighlseemlikeasmallthing.BuiinNewZealand,therearemorecows

thanpeople.ThereareonlyfivemillionpeopleinNewZealand,whichishometo10millioncows.

Cowsdonoteasilydigestthegrasstheyeat——instead,theyferment（發(fā)酵）itintheirstomachs.The

processreleasesalotofgas.So,everytimesomeoneeatsbeefordrinksmilk,theprocesscomesatahigh

costtotheenvironment.Thecowsproducemethane（甲烷）gas,whichhasamuchstrongereffecton

globalwarming.

ThescientistsinNewZealandareworkingonwaystoreducetheamountofgasthatcomesoutofthe

cows.Theyareconsideringchangingthefoodtheanimalseatorputtingadeviceonthecowtochangethe

methaneintosomethinginnocuous.Thereisalsotalkoffeedingthecowsakindofspecialredseaweedor

givingthemafoodadditionthatwouldhelpthemdigestthegrass.

Inaddition,farmerswantasolution.ThatisbecauseNewZealandhasannouncedplanstotaxfarmers

whoseanimalsproducetoomuchmethanegas.Thefarmerssaytheywillbeaffectedifthetaxplangointo

effect.

AfarmerrunningafarminthetownofFeatherston,intheWellingtonRegion,istryingtogetmoremilk

fromeachcow.Theincreasedefficiencymeanshedoesnotneedasmanycows,whichinturnreducesthe

amountofmethanecomingfromhisfarm.Atafarmerlevel,heisdoinghisbittohelpsavetheplanet.

ThefightagainstmethaneisseriousinNewZealand.Thecountrypromisedtoreducethegasproducedby

farmanimalsbyupto47percentbytheyear2050.

8.Whydoescows*burpingbecomeaprobleminNewZealand?

A.NewZealandersprefermilk.

B.Thenumberofthecowsistoolarge.

C.Thecowsconsumemuchgrass.

D.Thecowshavethedigestiveproblem.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"innocuous"meaninparagraph3?

A.Rare.B.Poisonous.C.Harmless.D.Inexpensive.

10.Whydocowfarmerswantasolution?

A.Theywillraisefewercows.

B.Theyareaffectedbythewarmclimate.

C.Theycan'tincreasemilkingefficiency.

D.Theywillfaceaheavierfinancialburden.

11.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.ClimateChange：CowRaisingIstoBlame.

B.MethaneGas：TheFightAgainstItIsSerious.

C.GlobalWarming：NewZealandTargetsCowBurps.

D.CowBurping：ScientistsLookforSomeWaystoStopIt.

D

“Abeautifulfieldofflowerscanbearathernoisyplace.It'sjustthatwecan'thearthesounds."Scientistsat

TelAvivUniversityhaveconductedasix-yearexperiment,provingthatplantsmakenoiseincertain

stressfulsituations.

Plantsproduceahighfrequency（頻率）clickingsound,andwhenshortofwater,ordamaged,the

clicksbecomefarmoreregular.Theyalsomadedifferentsounds,dependingonwhethertheywerethirsty

orinjured.nEachplantandeachtypeofstressisrelatedtoaspecificsound,usaidProfessorLilachHadany,

wholedtheresearchstudy.

Focusingparticularlyontomatoes,wheatandcorn，theplantswereplacedinasoundproof（隔音的）

roomandrecordedbymicrophones.Someplantswerestarvedofwater,otherscut,andacontrolgroupwas

leftundamaged.Theresearchersusedanalgorithm（算法）toseparatethenoises,successfullytelling

thedifferencebetweenthesoundsdependingonwhethertheyweredryorcut.Thealgorithmdidthisina

greenhousesettingwhichincludedfarmoresurroundingsounds,butitwasstillabletorecognizethe

particularcriesforhelpoftheplants.

Onaverage,thehumanearcanhearsoundsuptoaround20kHz,whilethesoundsproducedbyplantsare

inthe40-80kHzregion,farbeyondourhearing.MThesoundsmadebyplantscan'tbeheardbyhumansbut

canprobablybeheardbyvariousanimals,suchasbats,miceandinsects,"Hadanytellsus.Thoughthis

hasyettobeproven,it'spossiblethatthesecreaturesusethisinformationtochoosewhichplantstoeat.

AstudyledbyRedaHassanienofChinaAgriculturalUniversityinBeijingyearsago,alsoprovedthat

plantsreactedtosoundwaves,withsomeplantsgreatlyincreasingtheiryield.Whileevidenceshowsthat

plantscanreacttosounds,there'snoevidencetodaythattheycanactuallyhearthem.

12.Whatcanweknowfromthesix-yearexperiment?

A.Plantsofdifferenttypesmakethesoundofthesamefrequency.

B.Plantsproducemoreregularsoundincertainstressfulsituations.

C.Plantsmakesoundswithamuchlowerfrequencywhenstressed.

D.Plantsmakethesoundofthesamefrequencywhateverthesituation.

13.Whatisthealgorithmusedforintheresearch?

A.Torecordthesounds.B.Tocontrolthesounds.

C.Toproducethesounds.D.Toidentifythesounds.

14.Whathasbeenprovenbyscientistsaccordingtothepassage?

A.Plantscanheareachother'scryforhelp.

B.Animalscanhearthesoundsmadebyplants.

C.Plantscanmakesoundsandrespondtosoundwaves.

D.Animalsdecidewhattoeatbasedonthesoundsplantsmake.

15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?

A.SoundsThatWeCan'tHear

B.BeautifulSongsfromPlants

C.PlantsReacttoDifferentTypesofStress

D.PlantsTalk,EspeciallyWhenStressed

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共12.5分)

HowtoOvercomeSocialAnxiety

Socialanxietyisacommontypeofanxietydisorder.(1).Sotheywanttobeunattractive,hiding

awayfromothersinasocialevent.Hereareafewtipsthatcanhelpyoutoovercomeit.

(2)______

Alotofpeoplewithsocialanxietyfeelashamedofgettinghelpfromaprofessional,butregularvisitswith

atherapist(治療專家)willhelpinsomanyways.Therearemanytherapistswhospecializeindealingwith

socialanxiety,sotrytogethelptoproperlydealwiththeanxietyattacks.

Listdownthethingsthatstressyouout

Listdownallyoursituationsthatcancauseanxietyaccordingtoitslevelsyoufeel.(3).Make

itahabittolistdownhowyoureacttothosesituationsasyouprogress.Thenmoveyourwayupthe

list.Practisedoingthisregularlyandyouwillfindthatyouhavemadegreatimprovements.

Createrealisticandobjectivegoals

Setarealisticandobjectivegoalforeveryplanyoumake.Makesurethatyouaresettingyourgoals

correctly.(4)Alwaysremindyourselfofthisgoaleverydayandkeepyoureyesonituntilyou

gettheresultyouareaimingfor.

(5),becausesocialanxietyisabattleinthemind.Youjusthavetoreprogramyourthinking

approaches.

A.Seekprofessionalhelp

B.Trytohideyourselfawayfromothers

C.Startoffbyexposingyourselftotheeasiestones

D.Aboveall,you'dbetterchangethewayyouthink

E.Manypeoplearesufferingsocialanxietynowadays

F.Non-realistictargetsmayjustbringyoudisappointmentinthelongrun

G.Peoplewithitfearthenegativeorevenpositiveevaluationofothersaroundthem

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共15小題，共15.0分)

WhenIwasachild,Ibeganlearningtoplaythepiano,whichwasmyfavouritemusical(1),

butIwasforcedtogiveupwhenIstartedmymiddleschoolsothatIcouldconcentratemoreonmystudies.

It'soneofmybiggest(2)tostoppractisingthepianowhenIrecallsadlytoday.Duringthe

followingyears,IkepttellingmypianoteacherthatIwould(3).However,Ididn'tkeepmy

promisebecauseIwasoccupiedwithmystudy.(4)Ilosttouchwithmyteacher.Someyearslater,

myteacherdied.IwasverysadbecauseIlostsuchagoodteacher.Shewasaverywarmandgentle

person.lthurtsmetothinkshemayhavebeen(5)thatIneverreturned.Ihaven'ttakenlessons

sincethenbuttobehonest,I(6)to.Sittingatthepiano,Icouldn'thelprecallingmanymemories

—timesofmypractisingathomeandplayingbeforemyteacherandonetimemyteacher(7)

meafterIplayedentirepiecesofmusicwronginfrontofhercolleagues.Iwasso(8)thatIcould

hardlysayanything.Buther(9)helpedeasemyshame.Thesememories,(10),

goodorbad,nevercausedmycourageforplayingthepianoagain.

Thisthoughtthenledmetothinkthat(11)islikemusic,andthatwealltrytoplaydifferent(12)

intheinstrumentofourlife.Sometimesthepitch(音準)(13)whenweplayitwell,

butsometimesweareoutoftune.However,weallcontinuetocreateourown(14)styleof

music.Nomatterwhatstyleourmusicis,itisimportantthatwesingthesongsofjoy,quietnessand

love.ThoughImaynevermakeitbacktopianolessons,itdoesn't(15)thatFvestoppedmaking

music.

21.A.roomB.performanceC.instrumentD.stage

22.A.successesB.decisionsC.regretsD.hobbies

23.A.performB.graduateC.leaveD.return

24.A.ActuallyB.ConstantlyC.GraduallyD.Suddenly

25.A.disappointedB.gladC.astonishedD.amazed

26.A.likedB.wantedC.neededD.decided

27.A.instructedB.hurtC.punishedD.respected

28.A.frightenedB.movedC.excitedD.embarrassed

29.A.happinessB.comfortC.satisfactionD.sigh

30.A.insteadB.meanwhileC.thereforeD.however

31.A.lifeB.learningC.attitudeD.enjoyment

32.A.cardsB.rolesC.sportsD.games

33.A.hardB.surprisingC.wonderfulD.complex

34.A.uniqueB.boringC.commonD.similar

35.A.matterB.meanC.reportD.appear

四、語法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

36.Millionsoffirst-yearChineseprimary；middleandhighschoolstudentshavereceivednew

versionsofChineselanguagetextbooks.(1)(write)bytheMinistryofEducation,the

textbooksattachmoreimportancetotraditionalChineseculture.

TextbooksforhighschoolshavemorecontentontraditionalChinesearticlesandpoems.Primary

schoolstudents*bookscontain129ancientChinesearticles,(2)takeup30percentofall

thetexts.Thearticleswerechosenfromclassicessays,historicalrecords,andpoetry(3)

(date)backtotheHan,TangandSong(4)(dynasty).Beforetheofficialrelease；

thetextbooks(5)(test)inschoolsin2016,butnoteveryoneisafan：Someparents

havequestionedtheaddedfocus(6)classicalChinesenolongerinuse.

However,otherswelcomethenewbooks."Studentsatthatagemaynotbeabletounderstandclassic

poetryandessayswell,but(7)(them)willbenefitsoonerorlater,"oneteachersaid.

Infact,thetextbooksarriveatatimewhenancientChinesecultureisregaining(8)

(popular)inChina.Duringthisyear'sSpringFestival,theChinesePoetryConferencewaswatched

by(9)(many)peopleinChinathanmanysoapoperasorrealityshows.

It'stimeforourchildren(10)(learn)traditionalChineseculture.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、書面表達(本大題共2小題，共40.0分)

37.假定你是高一學生李華，某國際美術(shù)協(xié)會將組織青少年繪畫比賽。你有意參加，請你用

英語給負責人寫一封郵件，詢問相關(guān)信息。要點如下：

(1)報名時間及方式；

(2)需要提供的信息；

(3)費用及其他。

注意：(10詞數(shù)100左右；

(2)可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

38.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Oneofmyleachersonceaskedmyclasswhatourfavoritememorywas.Myleacheraskedforthe

momentinwhich"youfellthebest；youfellthatyouhadtheworldinthepalmsofyourhand."Some

describedamazingawards；otherdescribedwinningatournament.Myanswer,however,invited

gigglesandhesitantsmiles.Why?BecauseIfeltthebestwhenIfirstlearnedhowtoridemybikeat

thirteen.Ididn'tmindmyclassmates*staresandmockery,becauseIknewtherewasmoretothestory.

MyeldersisterandIsharedatypicalsisterlyrelationship：wecouldn'tstandeachother.Iwasan

annoyancetoher.Anysortofconversationwehadusuallyendedupfighting.Gradually,Istartedto

learntobetotallyindifferent；perhapsthesilenttreatmentwouldgetmoreapproval.Iwaswrong.We

soonfellintoasadpattern.Iavoidedher,andsheignoredme.Deepinside,ithurt.Sothatwashow

itwasbetweenus.Shewasonlyasisterinname.Itrulybelievedthatwewouldforeverbeapart,two

housemateswithoutconversation,twostrangerswithoutwarmth.

IstillrememberthedayIlearnedtorideabike.IhadreceivedthebikethatChristmas,whichwas

great,untilIrealizedthatIhadnoideahowtorideit.Mymomhadlongabandonedanyattemptto

teachme.Ihadproventobeafrustratingstudent.Itookituponmyselftoleam,alittlebiteachday.It

wasnodifferent.!wascomingtotheendofmydailyone-hourtorture（折磨）.1wassofrustratedthat

Ithrewmybikeasideandbegantocry.

注意:

(1)續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;

(2)請按相應(yīng)位置作答。

Iguessthatwaswhatcausedmysistertocomeoutside.

"Imadeit,"Iexclaimedwithdelight.

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、A、B

【解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bookingachild'sticket中的?Yourchildisababysittinginhisorher

ownseat.（?你的孩子是一個坐在自己座位上的嬰兒。）可知，如果需要一個單獨的座位時需要

買票。A.Shesitsonyourlegs.她坐在你的腿上；B.Sheneedsadomesticflight.她需要國內(nèi)航班;

C.Sherequiresaseparateseat.她需要一個單獨的座位；D.Sheisundertheageof2attakeoff.起飛

時她還不到兩歲。故選C。

（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Documentsachildwillneed中的Inshort,ifyou'reflyingdomestically,

eachchildmightneedaphotoID.（簡而言之，如果你乘坐的是國內(nèi)航班，每個孩子可能都需要帶

照片的身份證。）可知，孩子在美國境內(nèi)飛行可能需要帶照片的身份證。故選A.

（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Unaccompaniedchildrenonflights中的

,Childrenunder5andover17mightbeunfitforunaccompaniedchildservice.（?5歲以下和17歲以

上的孩子可能不適合無人陪伴的兒童服務(wù)。）可知，10歲的男孩可以使用無人陪伴兒童服務(wù)。故

選B。

這篇短文主要介紹了關(guān)于兒童乘機的一些指南和規(guī)定。首先是購買兒童機票的條件，如果是國際

航班、兒童年齡在2歲及以上、或者嬰兒需要獨自占座位，都需要購買單獨的機票。但如果是國

內(nèi)航班、嬰兒年齡在2歲以下、并且嬰兒坐在12歲以上的旅客腿上，且每個旅客腿上只有一個嬰

兒，那么兒童可以免費乘機。其次是兒童所需的文件，國內(nèi)航班可能需要身份證明，國際航班需

要護照，去墨西哥的未滿18歲的兒童還需要提供證明文件和許可信。最后是關(guān)于未成年兒童乘機

的規(guī)定，一些航空公司可能會收取未成年兒童服務(wù)費，5歲以下和17歲以上的孩子可能不適合獨

自乘機，送孩子去機場和接孩子的成年人都需要出示身份證明。建議咨詢航空公司獲取更多信息。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語

句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。

4~7.【答案】B、A、B、C

［解析】（1）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的"ButMoorewassickofmissingoutoncandies.Soshedesired

togetroundthewarning,Whycan'tImakeahealthycandythat'sgoodformyteethsothatmyparentscan't

saynotoit?"但

是摩爾厭倦了錯過糖果。所以她想避開這一警告：”為什么我不能做一種對牙齒有益的健康糖果,

這樣我的父母就不會拒絕呢？”及下文她想方設(shè)法最終制作出了叫CanCandy的糖果可知，她對父

親的警告的反應(yīng)是：她試圖找到一條出路，解決問題。故選B項.

（2）A.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的"Consequently,shesucceededinmakingakindofcandyonlyusing

naturalsweeteners,whichcanreduceoralbacteria.因此，她成功地

制作了一種只使用天然甜味劑的糖果，這種甜味劑可以減少口腔細菌?！笨芍?，這種糖只使用天然

甜味劑，可以減少口腔細菌，因此它對口腔健康有益。故選A項。

（3）B.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的"Moorewantstouseheruniquetalenttohelpothersfindtheir

smiles.摩爾想用她獨特的才能幫助別人找到他們的笑容?！笨芍?，Moore

想用她獨特的才能幫助其他人找到自己的笑容。故選B項.

（4）C.推理判斷題。文章主要講述了Moore的創(chuàng)業(yè)故事。面對問題和困難時，她樂觀地看待問題，

積極地想方設(shè)法去解決問題。因此，通過她的故事讓我們懂得積極的思考和行動會帶來成功。故

選C項.

【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了AliceMoore,一個年輕有為的創(chuàng)業(yè)者的故事。故

事告訴我們：積極的思考和行動會帶來成功。

此題主要考查學生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力。做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題

干進行比較，再做出正確選擇。在做推理判斷題時不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要根

據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷。

8~11.【答案】B、C、D、C

【解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Tosome,acow'sbuq?mightseemlikeasmallthing.ButinNew

Zealand,therearemorecowsthanpeople.ThereareonlyfivemillionpeopleinNewZealand,whichis

hometo10millioncows.（對一些人來說，牛打嗝似乎是一件小事。但在新西蘭，奶牛比人多。新

西蘭只有500萬人口，那里有1000萬頭牛。）和第二段的Thecowsproducemethanegas,whichhas

amuchstrongereffectonglobalwarming.（奶牛會產(chǎn)生甲烷氣體，這對全球變暖的影響要大得多。）

可知，奶牛打嗝會成為新西蘭的一個問題是因為奶牛的數(shù)量太多了，會排放出大量的導致全球變

暖的甲烷氣體。故選B。

（2）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段的Thecowsproducemethanegas,whichhasamuchstrongereffecton

globalwarming.（奶牛會產(chǎn)生甲烷氣體，這對全球變暖的影響要大得多。）和第三段的Theyare

consideringchangingthefoodtheanimalsealorputtingadeviceonthecowtochangethemethaneinto

somethinginnocuous.（他們正在考慮改變動物吃的食物，或者在牛身上安裝一個裝置，將甲烷轉(zhuǎn)

化為innocuous的東西。）可知，該裝置可以把甲烷變成安全無害的東西，以減少對全球變暖的影

響，所以劃線詞意為"無害的"。A.Rare稀罕的;B.Poisonous有毒的;C.Harmless無害的;D.Inexpensive

便宜的。故選C。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的ThatisbecauseNewZealandhasannouncedplanstotaxfarmerswhose

animalsproducetoomuchmethanegas.Thefarmerssaytheywillbeaffectedifthetaxplangointoeffect.

（這是因為新西蘭宣布計劃對動物產(chǎn)生過多甲烷氣體的農(nóng)民征稅。農(nóng)民們表示，如果稅收計劃生

效，他們將受到影響。）可知，奶牛養(yǎng)殖戶想要一個解決方案的原因是他們將面臨更沉重的財政

負擔。故選D。

（4）標題歸納題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第二段的Thecowsproducemethanegas,whichhasamuchstronger

effectonglobalwarming.（奶牛會產(chǎn)生甲烷氣體，這對全球變暖的影響要大得多。）和最后一段的

ThefightagainstmethaneisseriousinNewZealand.Thecountrypromisedtoreducethegasproducedby

farmanimalsbyupto47percentbytheyear2050.（在新西蘭，與甲烷的斗爭是嚴肅的。該國承諾到

2050年將農(nóng)場動物產(chǎn)生的甲烷氣體減少47%。）可知，本文主要講述的是，因為奶牛打嗝產(chǎn)生的

氣體對全球變暖有很大影響，新西蘭在尋找方法減少奶牛打嗝產(chǎn)生的氣體，因此C選項“全球變暖：

新西蘭著手解決奶牛打嗝”概括了文章大意，突出了中心，適合作為文章標題。故選C。

本文是一篇說明文。短文章主要介紹了新西蘭擁有比人口更多的奶牛，它們的放屁會產(chǎn)生甲烷氣

體，對環(huán)境造成負面影響。新西蘭的科學家正在研究減少奶牛產(chǎn)生甲烷氣體的方法，包括改變奶

牛的飲食和使用特殊的紅海藻。此外，政府計劃對產(chǎn)生過多甲烷氣體的農(nóng)民征稅，因此農(nóng)民也在

積極尋求解決方案。新西蘭承諾到2050年將減少農(nóng)場動物產(chǎn)生的甲烷氣體。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對

未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事

例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點。

12~15.【答案】B、D、C、D

【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段"Abeautifulfieldofflowerscanbearathernoisyplace.It's

justthatwecan'thearthesounds."ScientistsatTelAvivUniversityhaveconductedasix-yearexperiment,

provingthatplantsmakenoiseincertainstressfulsituations.（"一片美麗的花田可能是一個相當嘈雜的

地方。只是我們聽不到聲音?！碧乩S夫大學的科學家們進行了一項為期六年的實驗，證明植物在

某些緊張的情況下會發(fā)出聲音。）以及第二段Plantsproduceahighfrequency（頻率）clickingsound,

andwhenshortofwater,ordamaged,theclicksbecomefarmoreregular.Theyalsomadedifferentsounds,

dependingonwhethertheywerethirstyorinjured,"Eachplantandeachtypeofstressisrelatedtoa

specificsound."saidProfessorLilachHadany,wholedtheresearchstudy.（植物會發(fā)出高頻率的咔

噠聲，當缺水或受損時，咔噠聲會變得更有規(guī)律。它們也會發(fā)出不同的聲音，這取決于它們是口

渴還是受傷?！泵糠N植物和每種類型的壓力都與一種特定的聲音有關(guān)，”領(lǐng)導這項研究的利拉克?哈

達尼教授說。）可知，這項為期六年的實驗表明植物在有壓力的情況下會發(fā)出有規(guī)律的聲音。

A.Plantsofdifferenttypesmakethesoundofthesamefrequency.不同種類的植物發(fā)出相同頻率的聲

音；B.Plantsproducemoreregularsoundincertainstressfulsituations.植物在某些有壓力的情況下會

發(fā)出更有規(guī)律的聲音；C.Plantsmakesoundswithamuchlowerfrequencywhenstressed.植物在受到

壓力時發(fā)出的聲音頻率要低得多；

D.Plantsmakethesoundofthesamefrequencywhateverthesituation.植物無論在什么情況下都會發(fā)

出相同頻率的聲音。故選B。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段Theresearchersusedanalgorithm（算法）toseparatethenoises,

successfullytellingthedifferencebetweenthesoundsdependingonwhethertheyweredryorcut.Theal

gorithmdidthisinagreenhousesettingwhichincludedfarmoresurroundingsounds,

butitwasstillabletorecognizetheparticularcriesforhelpoftheplants.（研究人員使用了一種算法來

分離噪音，成功地根據(jù)它們?nèi)彼€是受到切割來區(qū)分聲音。該算法在溫室環(huán)境中進行了這項工作，

溫室環(huán)境中有更多的周圍聲音，但它仍然能夠識別出植物的特殊呼救聲。）可知，該算法用來分

離噪音，辨別聲音。故選D。

（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段

AstudyledbyRedaHassanienofChinaAgriculturalUniversityinBeijingyearsago,

alsoprovedthatplantsreactedtosoundwaves,

withsomeplantsgreatlyincreasingtheiryield.Whileevidenceshowsthatplantscanreacttosounds,

there'snoevidencetodaythattheycanactuallyhearthem.（幾年前，中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學的RedaHassanien

領(lǐng)導的一項研究也證明了植物對聲波的反應(yīng)，一些植物的產(chǎn)量大大提高。雖然有證據(jù)表明植物可

以對聲音做出反應(yīng)，但現(xiàn)在還沒有證據(jù)表明它們真的能聽到聲音。）可知，植物可以發(fā)出聲音并

對聲波做出反應(yīng)。A.Plantscanheareachothefscryforhelp.；

B.Animalscanhearthesoundsmadebyplants.；

C.Plantscanmakesoundsandrespondtosoundwaves.；

D.Animalsdecidewhattoeatbasedonthesoundsplantsmake.。故選Co

（4）標題歸納題。根據(jù)文章第一段

“Abeautifulfieldofflowerscanbearathernoisyplace.Ifsjustthatwecan'thearthesounds.nScientists

atTelAvivUniversityhaveconductedasix-yearexperiment,

provingthatplantsmakenoiseincertainstressfulsituations/"一片美麗的花田可能是一個相當嘈雜的

地方。只是我們聽不到聲音。"特拉維夫大學的科學家們進行了一項為期六年的實驗，證明植物在

某些緊張的情況下會發(fā)出聲音。