2024年人教版中考英語復(fù)習(xí)專題八賓語從句

初中語法專題八賓語從句【知識背景】賓語從句是每年中考的一個必考點，主要涉及到連接詞的選擇、從句的時態(tài)以及從句的時態(tài)。相對于定語從句來講，賓語從句比較好理解，也比較容易得分！【知識講解】賓語從句的基本句式句式連詞語序陳述句that不變一般疑問句If/whether改為陳述語序特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞改為陳述語序1.當(dāng)賓語從句由陳述句變化而來時，用that來引導(dǎo)從句，that常無具體意義，一般可省略。例如：LinTaothought（that）theTVplaywasveryboring.2.當(dāng)賓語從句是由一般疑問句變化而來時，要用if或whether來引導(dǎo)從句，意為“是否”。例如：Davidaskedhismotherif/whethershelikedthedinnerlastnight.但用whether，不用if的情況有如下三種：①與ornot連用：HeaskedmewhetherornotIwasing.②在介詞之后：Itdependsonwhetheritisgoingtorain.③在不定式之前：Wehaven’tdecidedwhethertogothere.3.當(dāng)賓語從句是由特殊疑問句變化而來時，原句中的疑問詞充當(dāng)連接代詞（如who，whose，what，which）或連接副詞（如when，where，why，how），引導(dǎo)賓語從句。例如：Doyouknowwhatwecandoontheisland？【習(xí)題演練】1).Hesaid_________hecouldfinishhisworkbeforesupper.A．whetherB.ifC.thatD.what2).Letmeknow___________ornothewille.A.whetherB.ifC.whatD.that3).Letmeknow___________hewilleornot.A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.A&B4).Idon’tknow__________themeetingwillbegin.A.whereB.whenC.whyD.how【賓語從句中需要注意的問題】：一、語序賓語從句一般要用陳述句語序。例Whendidheleave?Iwanttoknow.→Iwanttoknowwhenheleft.Doestheshopcloseatsixeveryday?Doyouknow?→Doyouknowif/whethertheshopclosesatsixeveryday?【特例】What’swrongwithher?Idon’tknow.__________________________________________What’sthematterwithhim?Ididn’tknow.__________________________________________二、時態(tài)的呼應(yīng)主句一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)一般過去時態(tài)從句保留原來時態(tài)改為過去的某個時態(tài)客觀事實和自然現(xiàn)象除外1.如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時、一般將來時或祈使句時，賓語從句可根據(jù)情況使用各種時態(tài)。例如：Ihearsheisheretoday（shewashereyesterday/shewillbeheretomorrow.）2.如果主句是一般過去時，賓語從句應(yīng)使用過去時態(tài)的某種形式。例如：HesaidhewaswatchingTV（hehadsweptthefloor/hewouldplayfootballafterschool）。3.如賓語從句所敘述的是客觀事實、自然現(xiàn)象或科學(xué)真理等，從句不受主句時態(tài)限制，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時。e.g.Ourteachertoldusthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.三、否定轉(zhuǎn)移當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞為think，believe，suppose等動詞，且主語為第一人稱時，而且是現(xiàn)在時態(tài)時，從句的否定要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上。例如：Idon’tbelieveheishereontime.Idon’tthinkTomisthebeststudentinhisclass.四、特殊情況當(dāng)一些固定句式或who等在從句中做主語時,語序本身就是“主語+謂語”,即從句部分順序不變.Whatisthematterwith……..?Whatiswrongwith………?Whichisthewayto……..?Whoisonduty?Whatisinthebox?五，賓語從句的簡化賓語從句在一定條件下，可以簡化為“特殊疑問詞+不定式”或復(fù)合賓語的結(jié)構(gòu)。Hedoesn’tknowhowhecangetonwellwithhisclassmates.=Hedoesn’tknowhowtogetonwellwithhisclassmates.Ithink(that)sheisagoodgirl.=Ithinkheragoodgirl.六．賓語從句與狀語從句的區(qū)別1）Idon’tknowifhewilleback.“是否”賓語從句2）I’llcallyouifheesback.“如果”狀語從句1）Idon’tknowwhenhewilleback.在賓語從句中，將來時仍用將來時態(tài)；

2）I’llcallyouwhenheesback.在狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示一般將來時。Eg:We'renotsureifit____tomorrow.Ifit____，wewon'tclimbtheSouthHill.A.willrain；willrainB.willrain；rains

C.rains；rains

D.rains；willrain【賓語從句練習(xí)】Iwonder_______youwouldliketoetomybirthdayparty.ThatB.whetherC.thatifD.thatwhetherEverythingdependson_______wehaveenoughmoney.whetherB.ifC.whenD.thatIamnotsure______hewillebackhometomorrowornot.whenB.whatC.whetherD.whereCouldyoutellme____youarewaitingfor.Iamwaitingformydaughter.A.whatB.whenC.whoD.whereThere’saredcarparkinginourneighborhood.Doyouknow_____itis.whatB.whoC.whoseD.whomBecareful!Don’tbreakthebottle.Doyouhear____Isaid?Yes,Mum.thatB.whatC.whyD.ifGuess______Ididyesterday!Ithinkyouwenttoaparty.whereB.whenC.whatD.whichIwonder_______you’llwaterthiskindofthetree.Onceaweek.HowoftenB.howlongC.howsoonD.howmuchDoyouknowthemanunderthetree?Sorry.Ididn’tknow_______.HowisheB.whatisheC.whoheisD.whereheisCouldyoutellme______thebikewithoutanyhelpthismorning?HowdidherepairB.howherepairedC.howdoesherepairD.howherepairDoesanyoneknow______?IhearthathewasborninSweden.WhatheisB.whenhewasbornC.whereheesfromD.whichcountryishefromWillLiuYingetoschooltoday?Idon’tknow.ButIalsowanttoknow________.thatshewilletoschooltoday.B.whetherwillshecametoschooltoday.C.howwillsheetoschooltodayD.ifshewilletoschooltoday.13.Ididn’tknow______.NordidI.whatwashappenedtohimB.whatthematterwaswithhim.C.whatwaswrongwithhimD.wherewasthemuseum.14.Doessomepeoplewanttoknow_____________?Yes.Theyreallywanttoknowit.whowillbetheleadingactorofthismoviewhotheleadingactorwillbeofthismoviewhatwastheleadingactorofthismoviewhatheleadingactorwillbeofthismovieNobodyknows_______.A.howwillourfuturelooklikeB.whatwillourfuturelooklikeC.howourfuturewilllooklikeD.whatourfuturewilllooklike16.Doyouknow____overthere?WhathappenswhatwashappenedwhatishappeningwhatdidhappenDoyouknow____________?whattimewouldthetrainleavewhattimedoesthetrainleavewhattimethetrainwillleavewhattimethetrainleavesIwonderifhe________us,andIthinkifhe___uswe’llbeabletofinishthehomeworkaheadoftime.(提前)helps;helpswillhelp;helpshelps;willhelpwillhelp;willhelpDoyouknow_______?Theymovedheresoonaftertheirsonwasborn.whenwouldtheGreensmoveherewhentheGreensmovedheretheGreenswouldmoveherewhentheGreenswouldmovehereMr.Kingdidn’tknow______yesterdayevening.whendoeshissonehome