閱讀理解 （應(yīng)用文、記敘文） -2023年新高考八省名校聯(lián)考高一英語期末試題匯編 （解析版）

專題01閱讀理解（應(yīng)用文、記敘文）

-2023年新高考八省名校聯(lián)考高一英語期末試題匯編

（解析版）

1.1重慶市南開中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中試題】

A

FourBooksaboutSuperScientists

You'llfindthelivesofthesetopmindstobeasinspiringastheyareexcitinginthefollowingbooks.

TheExtraordinaryLifeofAlan'Hiring

SecondWorldWarcode-breakerAlanTuringfeaturesontheBankofEngland'snew￡50noteasacomputer

pioneer.Thisbiographyfollowshimfromhischildhoodasaquietboywholovedmathstobecomingoneofthe

mostimportantscientistsinhistory.

100ScientistsWhoMadeHistory

Bringingtogethermini-biographiesof100scientistsandinnovators,thisbookwillgiveyouanoverviewof

thehistoryofscience.Includingastronauts,biologists,chemists,coders,doctorsandphysicists,itfeaturesfunfacts

abouteveryonefromHippocratesandLeonardodaVincithroughtoMarieCurieandStephenHawking.

RosalindFranklin:ALifeStory

RosalindFranklinwasthescientistwhosecontributiontoacrucialdiscoveryinDNA—thechemicalthattells

yourbodyhowtogrowanddevelop-wasnotrecognizeduntilafterherdeath.Thisbookshinesalightonthe

extraordinarystoryofherlifeandachievements,usingtimelines,illustrationsandfascinatingfacts.

40InspiringIcons:SuperScientists

Eachpartofthiscolourfulillustratedbookintroducesyoutoadifferent"superscientist^^andtheirdiscoveries.

Thisisafunandeasywaytolearnaboutallsortsofideas,includingLouisPasteur'svaccinationsandAda

Lovelace'sinventionofmysteriouscodes.

21.Whosecontributionwasrecognisedafterdeath?

A.MarieCurie's.B.LouisPasteur5s.C.RosalindFranklin's.D.StephenHawking's.

22.Whichbookwillattractreaderswhoareinterestedincomputerscience?

A.RosalindFranklin:ALifeStoryB.100ScientistsWhoMadeHistoty

C.40InspiringIcons:SuperScientistsD.TheExtraordinaryLifeofAlanTuring

23.Wherecanthetextprobablybefound?

A.Inanovel.B.Inamagazine.C.Inabiography.D.Inadiary.

【答案】21.C22.D23.B

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四本與頂級科學(xué)家相關(guān)的書籍。

21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)標(biāo)題“RosalindFranklin:ALifeStory”項(xiàng)下內(nèi)容“RosalindFranklinwasthescientist

whosecontributiontoacrucialdiscoveryinDNA—thechemicalthattellsyourbodyhowtogrowanddevelop一

wasnotrecognizeduntilafterherdeath.(RosalindFranklin是一位科學(xué)家，她對DNA的重要發(fā)現(xiàn)作出了貢獻(xiàn)

—告訴你的身體如何生長和發(fā)育的化學(xué)物質(zhì)——但直到她去世后才被承認(rèn)。戶可知RosalindFranklin的貢

獻(xiàn)在她去世后才被承認(rèn)；故選C項(xiàng)。

22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)標(biāo)題“TheExtraordinaryLifeofAlanTuring”項(xiàng)下內(nèi)容"SecondWorldWarcode-breaker

AlanTuringfeaturesontheBankofEngland'snew￡50noteasacomputerpioneer.Thisbiographyfollowshim

fromhischildhoodasaquietboywholovedmathstobecomingoneofthemostimportantscientistsinhistory.(第

二次世界大戰(zhàn)的密碼破譯員AlanTuring是英格蘭銀行新發(fā)行的50英鎊鈔票上的一位計(jì)算機(jī)先驅(qū)。這本傳記

記錄了他從一個(gè)喜歡數(shù)學(xué)的安靜的小男孩到成為歷史上最重要的科學(xué)家之一的經(jīng)歷。戶可知這本書是講述一

個(gè)歷史上偉大的計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家AkmTuring的事跡，故推知這本書會(huì)吸引對計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)感興趣的讀者；故選

D項(xiàng)。

23.推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章介紹了四本與頂級科學(xué)家相關(guān)的書籍，讓讀者大致/解/每本書的

主要內(nèi)容和書中所記載的那些科學(xué)家及他們的發(fā)明；故推知本文可能出自于一篇雜志；故選B項(xiàng)。

B

Natehadspentmostofhisseventyyearsinthewoods.Asayoungman,hehadthealternativeofworkingin

thecitywithhisbrother.Buthedecidedthaturbanlifewasnotforhim.HeprefeiTedtoisolatehimselffromothers

andfindshelterinnaturefromthecrowdsandnoiseofthecity.Hewasmorethanwillingtogiveupsuch

advantagesasflushtoiletsandelectricblanketsforthejoyofwatchingasunriseilluminatethefrozenpines.

BecauseNatehadlivedaloneforsolong,hisbehaviorwasunpredictable.Forexample,oneminutehe'dbe

veryquiet,andthenexthe'dtalkabouthisyouth.Hisknowledgeofnaturewasextensive,andsoIlearnedmuch

fromhimthroughtheyears.

Iwilltellyouaninterestingstorythatshowshowwisehewasaboutthewoodsandhowmiserly（吝嗇的）he

couldbewithwords.OneeveningNate,mycousinArthur,andIwerecrossingagrassland.Arthur'sinterestin

somelittlewhitemushroomsthatweregrowingthereledtothisdialogue:

“Thesemushroomslooksogood,“saidArthur."Didyoueverusethem,Nate?”

“Yep,"saidNate."Mymomusedtocookthemup.”

“Great!”saidArthur.Nate'swordsseemedtostrengthenArthursdesireforthosemushrooms.Hegathered

aboutahundredofthem."Howdidshepreparethem?,,heaskedNate.

"Cookedthemupinsugarwater.”

“Really?Andthenyouatethemthatway?”

“Atethem?^^Natewashorrified."Youcrazy?Weusedtoputtheminabowlonthetabletokillflies!^^

24.WhichcanmakeNatehappier?

A.Workinginthecity.B.Quittingflushtoilets.

C.Usingelectricblankets.D.Enjoyingsunrisesinthewoods.

25.Nateisamanwith.

A.ambitionB.courageC.knowledgeD.imagination

26.Whatdoweknowaboutthewhitemushrooms?

A?Theyweredelicious.B.Nateatethemveryoften.

C.Theymightbepoisonous.D.Arthur'smotherusedtocookthem.

27.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.FarFromNatureB.WhiteMushroomsC.NatetheWoodsmanD.AdvantagesofUrbanLife

【答案】24.D25.C26.C27.C

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了，常年生活在森林的內(nèi)特有一天和作者及作者表弟亞瑟正在穿越?

片草地，亞瑟問小白蘑菇能不能吃，然而亞瑟誤解了內(nèi)特的回答，側(cè)面反映內(nèi)特對森林是多么明智，對語

言是多么吝嗇。

24.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“Buthedecidedthaturbanlifewasnotforhim.Hepreferredtoisolatehimself

fromothersandfindshelterinnaturefromthecrowdsandnoiseofthecity.Hewasmorethanwillingtogiveup

suchadvantagesasflushtoiletsandelectricblanketsforthejoyofwatchingasunriseilluminatethefrozenpines.

（但他決定城市生活不適合他。他寧愿把自己與他人隔離開來，在大自然中尋找庇護(hù)，遠(yuǎn)離人群和城市的喧

囂。他非常愿意放棄沖水馬桶和電熱毯等優(yōu)勢，去享受看日出照亮冰凍松樹的喜悅）”可知，在樹林里享受日

出能讓內(nèi)特更快樂。故選D項(xiàng)。

25.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“Hisknowledgeofnaturewasextensive,andsoIlearnedmuchfromhimthrough

theyears”他對自然的了解非常廣泛，所以這些年來我從他那里學(xué)到了很多東西戶可知，內(nèi)特是個(gè)很有知識(shí)

的人。故選C項(xiàng)。

26.推理判斷題。由最后一段中的“Weusedtoputtheminabowlonthetabletokillflies!”（我們曾經(jīng)把蘑菇放

在桌子上的碗里，用來殺蒼蠅！戶可知，蘑菇可以用來殺蒼蠅，可得出蘑菇有毒。故選C項(xiàng)。

27.主旨大意題。第一段講“常年生活在森林的內(nèi)特喜歡自然，不喜歡城市生活”，第二段講“內(nèi)特的一些品

質(zhì)（行為無法預(yù)測和知識(shí)廣博）”，第三段和后文對話通過“蘑菇是否能吃”反映內(nèi)特對森林是多么明智，對

語言是多么吝嗇，全文圍繞主人翁內(nèi)特展開，C項(xiàng)“林居者內(nèi)特”能概括全文。故選C項(xiàng)。

2.【遼寧省中學(xué)20222023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中試卷】

ParentingSkillsPassedDown

Myparentstaughtthatalifedevotedtohelpingothersisonefullofpurposeandmeaning.Tmaphysicianand

haveworkedwiththehomelesscommunityfor11years.I'malsoamomtoaboywholovesbikeracing.Every

timeariderfellorcrashed,he'dstopandwaituntiltheygotup.Helosttheracebutwonatbeingagoodhuman.

一SaraDoorleyTijeras,NewMexico

Istartedabandasahigh-schoolfreshmanwithmybrother5sbaritonehorn（次中音號）.Ididn'thaveprevious

lessons,soitwasmuchharderforme.WhenItoldmymomIwasquitting,shetoldmetokeepontrying.Indue

timeIabsolutelylovedtheband.Yearslater,mydaughterSheenawasintheband,usingthesamebaritone.One

day,she,too,saidshewasquitting,andItoldhernot.Shekeptatitandcametoloveittoo.

—JanetBrandesCollins,Wisconsin

Igrewupasatomboy（假小子）.Mymotheroccasionallytoldmetolettheboyswin,becausetheywouldn't

likemeifIalwaysbeatthem,soIdid.Mydaughterisalsoquiteathleticbuthasneverheardthosewords.Itellher

she'sasgoodasthoseboysandtodoherbestandwin.Andshehas.Shehasgrownupveryconfidentandiseven

morebroadlyadmiredforherdetermination.Whatadifferenceagenerationmakes.

—KlariFrederickLinden,Michigan

Ibuiltanarcademachine（街機(jī)）withmyson.Ilovedarcadesasakid,andmydadandIaresoftware

developers.Plus,it'sagoodlesson:Ifyouwantsomething,buildit!It'sbondingwhenwehelptheotherplayerget

outofacomerthebadguyshavebackedtheminto.

—JoeHockingHighlandPark,Illinois

1.WhatlifelessondoesJanetBrandesCollinsteachherkid?

A.Nevergiveup.

B?Beconfidentandhumble.

C.Helpingothersisimportantandgreat.

D.Buildwhatyouwantwithyourownhands.

2.Whohasadifferentwayofeducationfromher/hisparents?

A.SaraDoorleyTijeras.B.JanetBrandesCollins.

C.KlariFrederickLinden.D.JoeHockingHighlandPark.

3.WhatisJoeHockingHighlandPark'sfather?

A.Ateacher.B.Amusician.

C.Anathlete.D.Asoftwaredeveloper.

【答案】1.A2.C3.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了幾種育人方法。

［詳解］12田節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)第二段“Yearslater,mydaughterSheenawasintheband,usingthesamebaritone.

Oneday,she,too,saidshewasquitting,andItoldhernot.”（多年后，我的女兒希娜加入了樂隊(duì),用的是同樣

的男中音。有一天，她也說她要放棄，我告訴她不要）可知。珍妮特?布蘭德斯?柯林斯給她的孩子上的人生

課是永遠(yuǎn)不要放棄。故選A。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Igrewupasatomboy（假小子）.Mymotheroccasionallytoldmetolettheboyswin,

becausetheywouldn'tlikemeifIalwaysbeatthem,soIdid.Mydaughterisalsoquiteathleticbuthasneverheard

thosewords.1tellhershe'sasgoodasthoseboysandtodoherbestandwin.Andshehas.Shehasgrownupvery

confidentandisevenmorebroadlyadmiredforherdetermination.（我從小就是個(gè)假小子。我母親偶爾告訴我

要讓男孩們贏，因?yàn)槿绻铱偸谴驍∷麄?，他們?huì)不喜歡我的，所以我就這么做了。我女兒也很喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)，

但從來沒聽過這些話。我告訴她，她和那些男孩一樣優(yōu)秀，要盡最大努力去贏得勝利。她這么做了。她長

大后非常自信，她的決心更廣受贊賞。）可知，KlariFrederickLinden與父母的教育方式不同。故選C。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“mydadandIaresoftwaredevelopers”（我爸爸和我是軟件開發(fā)人員）可知，Joe

HockingHighlandPark的父親是一個(gè)軟件開發(fā)人員。故選D。

3.【遼寧省沈陽市級重點(diǎn)高中聯(lián)合體2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中檢測】

A

IfyouarelookingforappstolearnEnglishforstudyingabroad,youmightbeconfused.Therearesomany

appstochoosefrom.HowcanyoudecidewhichEnglishlanguagelearningappisrightforyou?Ourlistoftopfour

favouriteappetoimproveyourEnglishwillhelp.

HelloEnglish—Bestappformiddlelearners

IfyoualreadyunderstandthebasicsbutwanttoimproveyourEnglish,thisappisforyou.HelloEnglishstarts

withalanguagetest,andthenservesupEnglishlessonsbasedonyourtestresults.HelloEnglishsupportslearners

with23nativelanguagesandletsyouplaygames,watchvideosandlistentoaudiobooks,too.

FreeversionsavailableforiOS,AndroidandWindows.

FluentU-Bestmedia-basedapp

ThisappsourcesEnglish-languagevideosfromtherealworld—includingnews,musicvideosand

commercials（商業(yè)）一tohelpyoulearnEnglish.Interactivecaptions（字幕）allowyoutotapanywordandsee

moreinformationaboutit.

Freetrial（試用）andpaidmonthlysubscriptionsavailableforAndroidandiOS.

RosettaStone—Mostmulti-useapp

Thisaward-winningEnglishlanguagelearningappteachesvocabularyandEnglishgrammar.RosettaStone

includeslessonsonpronunciationsoyoucanimproveyourEnglishaccent.Youcanalsodownloadaudiolessonsto

learnoffline.

FreetrialandpaidversionsavailableforAndroid,iOSandWindows.

Duolingo—Mostfunapp

ThispersonalisedEnglish-learningappturnsstudyingintoagame.Earnvirtualcoinstounlocknewlevelsand

spendthemonfunupgrades.Ananimatedowl（動(dòng)畫貓頭離）keepsyoucompanyandencouragesyouasyoulearn.

Whenyouhavequestions,gethelpfromfellowstudentsinsidetheappusingtheDuolingomessageboards.

FreeandpaidversionsavailableforAndroid,iOSandWindows.

1.WhatcanwelearnaboutHelloEnglish?

A.Theuserscan'tplaygames.

B?ItmaynotsuitEnglishbeginners.

C.Itprovideslessonswithoutalanguagetest.

D.Theuserscanchatwith23nativespeakers.

2.Whichappbestsuitsthosewhowanttopractisepronunciation?

A.HelloEnglish.B.Duolingo.

C.RosettaStone.D.FluentU.

3.WhatisspecialaboutDuolingo?

A.Itonlyhasthepaidversion.

B.Theusersmustpayincashtoupgrade.

C.Anowlcananswerquestionsoftheusers.

D.ItcombinesEnglishlearningwithentertainment.

【答案】1.B2.C3.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四種最受歡迎的提高英語的應(yīng)用程序。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HelloEnglish—Bestappformiddlelearners”部分中的“Ifyoualreadyunderstandthe

basicsbutwanttoimproveyourEnglish,this叩pisforyou.（如果你已經(jīng)理解了基礎(chǔ)，但想提高你的英語，這個(gè)

應(yīng)用程序適合你戶可知，Hell。English可能不適合英語初學(xué)者。故選B。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“RosettaStone—Mostmulti-useapp”部分中的"RosettaStoneincludeslessonson

pronunciationsoyoucanimproveyourEnglishaccent.（RosettaStone包括發(fā)音課程，這樣你就可以改善你的英

語口音廠可知，RosellaStone最適合那些想要練習(xí)發(fā)音的人。故選C。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“DuolingoMostfunapp”部分中的"ThispersonalisedEngiish-learningappturnsstudying

intoagame.Earnvirtualcoinstounlocknewlevelsandspendthemonfunupgrades.（這款個(gè)性化的英語學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)

用程序?qū)W(xué)習(xí)變成了一場游戲。賺取虛擬貨幣來解鎖新關(guān)卡，并將其用于有趣的升級）”可知，Duolingo把英

語學(xué)習(xí)和娛樂結(jié)合了起來。故選D。

B

Everydayforaweek,astrange,happyvisitorwoulddroptoplaywithVanessaPrior'spetdogBobby.Prior

thoughtBobbyhadmadeanewdogfriend.ItseemedveryfriendlyandgotwellalongwithBobby.Theywouldrun

aftereachother,playonthepoolcover,gentlywrestle（摔跤）ornapsidebyside.

Atfirstshethoughtitwasawilddog.ButwhenshepostedaphotoofthetwoplayingonherFacebook,apet

rescuecentrecalledher.ThegrouptoldhertheAtlantaWolfProjecthadbeentryingtocatchthewolfformonths,

buttheyfailed.Priorgavethemnewhope.

Becauseofthewolfsfriendshipwithherpetdog,itwaslikelytocomebacktoherbackyard.Researchers

hopedPriorcouldhelpthem.Whentheyputsometraps（陷阱）inthebackofheryard,Priorgotaverycomplicated

（復(fù)雜的）feeling.Shecouldn'tdescribewhatitwas.Thewolfwouldbeinasafeplace,butshewoulddosomething

thatharmedBobby'sfeelings.

ResearcherstoldPriorthattheywouldtaketherare,blackwolftotheYellowRiverWildlifeSanctuarywhere

itwouldlivewithanotherwolf.Theydidn'tthinkitasatisfyingsituationforawildanimallikeawolftohavea

connectionwithhumans9life.Theyneedtokeepanaturalawarenesstohumansandpetsandkeeptothemselves.

Wolfexpertsaddedtheywouldlookintothegeneticsoftheanimaltotrytolearnwhyitlikedtogetcloseto

peopleandtriedtoplaywiththeirpets.Someexpertsbelieveitcouldhaveahistorywithwell-meaninghumans.

PriorhadnotexpectedthatsheandBobbyshouldmeetsuchaspecialandlovelywolf.Theyjusthopedthedear

friendallthebest.

4.WhathappenedtoVanessaPrioraccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Shedidn'tlikeherdog'snewfriend.

B.Shewasawardedforherhelpfulpicture.

C.Sherealisedherdogmadefriendswithawolf.

D.Shecalledthepetrescuecentretocatchthewolf.

5.HowdidPriorfeelwhensometrapswereset?

A.ShewasafraidtoloseBobby.

B.Sheregrettedhelpingtheresearchers.

C.Shewasworriedaboutthewolf'sfuture.

D.Shehadbittersweetfeelingsaboutthewolf.

6.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheblackwoiffromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Itisakindandsociableanimal.

B.Itwasoncekeptasahumanpet.

C.Itwillbesenttothewildtolivewithotheranimals.

D.Ithasagreatawarenessofdistancingitselffromhumans.

7.Wherecanthepassagemostprobablyappear?

A.Inamedicalreport.B.Inatravelleaflet.

C.Inanaturemagazine.D.Inascientificresearch.

【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了VanessaPrior的寵物狗Bobby和一只狼成為了朋友，寵物救

援中心看到J'她在Facebook上的照片后，聯(lián)系到了她，準(zhǔn)備捕捉這只狼，并將其帶到保護(hù)區(qū)中生活。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“PriorthoughtBobbyhadmadeanewdogfriend.（Prior還以為Bobby交了個(gè)新

的狗狗朋友）”及第二段中"ButwhenshepostedaphotoofthetwoplayingonherFacebook,apetrescuecentre

calledher.ThegrouptoldhertheAtlantaWolfProjecthadbeentryingtocatchthewolfformonths,butthey

failed.（但當(dāng)她在臉書上發(fā)布了一張兩只狗玩耍的照片時(shí)，一家寵物救援中心給她打了電話。該組織告訴她，

‘亞特蘭大狼計(jì)戈『幾個(gè)月來一直試圖捕捉這只狼，但他們失敗了）''可知，起初Prior以為那是?只野狗，但

當(dāng)她在Facebook上發(fā)布了它們玩耍的照片后，一家寵物救援中心給她打電話，VanessaPrior才意識(shí)到她的

狗和一只狼成了朋友。故選C。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Whentheyputsometraps（陷阱）inthebackofheryard,Priorgotavery

complicated（復(fù)雜的）feeling.（當(dāng)他們在她的后院放了一些陷阱時(shí)，Prior有一種非常復(fù)雜的感覺）”可知，當(dāng)他

們設(shè)置陷阱時(shí)，Prior對狼有苦樂參半的復(fù)雜感覺。故選D。

6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Wolfexpertsaddedtheywouldlookintothegeneticsoftheanimaltotrytolearn

whyitlikedtogetclosetopeopleandtriedtoplaywiththeirpets.Someexpertsbelieveitcouldhaveahistory

withwell-meaninghumans.（狼類專家補(bǔ)充說，他們將研究這種動(dòng)物的基因，試圖了解為什么它喜歡接近人類，

并試圖與人類的寵物玩耍。一些專家認(rèn)為它可能與善意的人類有一段歷史）“可推知，這只黑狼善良且善于交

際。故選A。

7.推理判斷題。文章主要講述了VanessaPrior的寵物狗Bobby和一只狼成為了朋友的故事。由此推知，本

文可能出現(xiàn)在自然雜志上。故選C。

4.【江蘇省常州一中2022.2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中試題】

A

Stayingpositivehasbeentoughinthepastyear.Sincethepandemicbegan,threetimesasmanyAmerican

adultshavereportedcasesofanxietycomparedwith2019.Thankfully,herearethreewaystoimproveyour

relationshipwiththepersoninthemirror.

EngageinSmarterSelf-talk

InhislabattheUniversityofMichigan,Krossaskssubjectstotalktothemselvesinthesecondperson,andto

usetheirownname.Insteadofsaying,'TmsonervousaboutthismeetingonTuesday,"say,"（Yourname）,youseem

prettynervousaboutthismeeting."Kross'sresearchshowsthatthissimplechangeinlanguagegetspeopleinto

problem-solvingmodequicker.

RepeataTaskYou'reGoodAt

WhenCanadianpsychologistPatrickKeelan'shelpingpeoplewithlowself-respect,hesuggeststheyregularly

takepartinactivitiesthatuseorimprovetheirskills.Accordingtoa14-yearstudyof7,000volunteers,youcan

increaseyourself-respectateveryageifyouknowyoucandowellinwhatyouareinterestedin.

Lookback

Whilesomeresearchsuggestshappinessincreaseswithage,studiesalsosuggestthatself-respectreachesthe

highestpointatage60,thenreduces.Ina2015studyfromIran,agroupofmenwholosttheirwives60andover

sharedmemoriesoftheeventsandlifelessonsthathadshapedtheirlives.This"encouragedasenseofidentity（身

份）andapositivecontributiontothenextgeneration,theresearchersreported.So,lookbackbylookingthrough

aphotoalbumwithlovedonesorplayingmusicthatremindsyouofmeaningfulmoments.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“subjects“inparagraph2referto?

A.Lessonsofferedintheuniversity.

B.Modeshelpingsolvetheproblem.

C.People（takingpartintheexperiment.）

D.Researchersperformingtheexperiment.

2.Whichwaywouldbehelpfulifanelderlostthebeloved?

A.Thefirstone.B.Thesecondone.C.Thethirdone.D.None.

3.Allthethreewaysare.

A.science-backedB.advanced.C.challengingD.task-based

【答案】1.C2.C3.A

【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了在疫情期間和自己更好的相處的三種方式。

1.詞句猜測題。文章中本次出現(xiàn)的語境是研究者做實(shí)驗(yàn)，這個(gè)詞含義是“實(shí)驗(yàn)對象”，根據(jù)下文中的

“talktothemselvesinthesecondperson,andtousetheirownname.”（讓他們用第二人稱自言自語），可

知是指參加實(shí)驗(yàn)的人。故選C項(xiàng)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段

44Ina2015studyfromIran,agroupofmenwholosttheirwives60andoversharedmemoriesofthee

ventsandlifelessonsthathadshapedtheirlives.This"encouragedasenseofidentity（身

份）andapositivecontributiontothenextgeneration/5theresearchersreported.”（在伊朗2015年的?項(xiàng)

研究中，一群60歲及以上失去妻子的男人分享了塑造他們生活的事件和人生教訓(xùn)的記憶。這“鼓勵(lì)了一種

認(rèn)同感和對下一代的積極貢獻(xiàn)，'‘研究人員報(bào)告說）可知如果長者失去至愛，第三種方法Lookback對他們

是有用的。故選C項(xiàng)。

3.推理判斷題。第一種方法中提到了“Inhislab”（在他的實(shí)驗(yàn)室里），第二種方法中提到“psychologist”

（心理學(xué)家），第三種方法提至estudyfh）mIran”（伊朗的研究）。因此可知這三項(xiàng)都是有專業(yè)人士參加的，

科學(xué)驗(yàn)證的方法。故選A項(xiàng)。

B

GettingtoAntarcticaisnoteasy.Thefewwhoareluckyenoughtovisitthismostmysteriouscontinentdoso

byships.ToreachAntarctica,shipsmustpassthroughanotoriouslyviolentareaofoceancalledtheDrakePassage,

consideredtobetherougheststretchofseaontheplanet.

Wallsofwaterthirty,sometimesfortyfeethighcontinuallycrashedaboutourshipfortwosoliddays.We

wouldholdontoaropeinsidetheshipwhilebeingviolentlytippedtooneextremeside,thentotheother,andthen

backagain.MydaughterClaireandIwereasmentallypreparedaswecouldbe.

AbouttwoandahalfdaysafterenteringtheDrakePassage,thewaterscalmed.Soon,wenoticedsmallblack

spotsonnearbypiecesoffloatingice.Emperorpenguins!Then,webeganthetwo-milehikeovertheicetothe

penguincolony.Withinseveralhundredyards,littleclustersofemperors,perhapstenorsoatatime,greetedus,

slidingontheirbelliesandmakingtheirwonderfulnoises,sortofanasallysqueal.

Onedaytwoadultemperorswiththeirthreechicksin-towapproachedClaire,whowasrestingontheice.

Theyleftthechickswithher,asifshewerethebabysitter.Twentyminuteslatertheyreturnedtocollectthechicks.

AndIwillneverforgetthepenguinthat,whenIjokinglyaskedwhichwaybacktothehelicopters,pointedawing

inthecorrectdirection.Everynightaboardoursafeandwarmship,wethoughtaboutwhatittakestosurvivein

Antarctica,anincrediblyharshplace.

Buteachdayontheice,wealsothoughtabouttheDrakepassage,thatmonstrousbodyofwaterwehadto

enduretogetwherewewere.Overthecourseofourvisit,wecametorespectthepowerofthatsea.Westilltalk

aboutthepenguins,asI'msurewealwayswill.ButwetalkabouttheDraketoo.Bothexperienceswere

unforgettable,andonewouldnothavebeepossiblewithouttheother.

4.Whatdoesthewordnotoriouslymeaninparagraph1?

A.Frequentlytraveled.B.Hardtolocate.

C.Recognizednegatively.D.Aimlesslysailed.

5.WhichoftheflowingbestdescribethevoyageintheDrakepassage?

A.Tough.B.Complicated.

C.Smooth.D.Boring.

6.Whatdoestheauthormostlyfocusesonpenguinswhendescribingthem?

A.Dependenceononeanother.

B.Collectingtheirbabychicksintime.

C.Abilitytosurviveintheirenvironment.

D.Friendlyandentertainingbehavior.

7.Whatdidtheauthormostlikelygainfromhisexperience?

A.Anawarenessofthetypesofactivitieshisdaughterenjoys.

B.Anunderstandingofhowanimalssurviveincoldclimates.

C.Anincreasedrespectforthepowerofnature.

D.Aninterestinotherjourneysthatinvolvephysicalchallenges.

【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者和女兒去南極洲的路程中成功穿越德雷克海峽，并最終

看到了帝企鵝。

4.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)下文“consideredtobetherougheststretchofseaontheplanet.（它被認(rèn)為是地球上最洶涌

的海域）”可知，耍到達(dá)南極洲，船只必須經(jīng)過一片以波濤洶涌著稱的海域——德雷克海峽。劃線單詞

notoriously為“臭名昭著地；聲名狼藉地選項(xiàng)A.''Frequentlytraveled.（經(jīng)常旅游）”；選項(xiàng)B.“Hardtolocate

（很難找到）”；選項(xiàng)C.“Recognizednegatively.（負(fù)面公認(rèn)的戶;選項(xiàng)D.“Aimlesslysailed.（漫無目的地航行）”。

選擇項(xiàng)C與劃線詞含義最為相似。故選C。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Wallsofwaterthirty,sometimesfortyfeethighcontinuallycrashedaboutourshipfor

twosoliddays.Wewouldholdontoaropeinsidetheshipwhilebeingviolentlytippedtooneextremeside,thento

theother,andthenbackagain.有時(shí)四十英尺高的水墻，在整整兩天的時(shí)間里，不斷地在我們的船

上撞擊。我們會(huì)緊緊抓住船內(nèi)的一根繩子，同時(shí)被猛烈地向一邊傾斜，然后向另一邊傾斜，然后又回到一

邊）”可推斷，德雷克海峽非常難穿越。故選A。

6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Withinseveralhundredyards,littleclustersofemperors,perhapstenorsoatatime,

greetedus,slidingontheirbelliesandmakingtheirwonderfulnoises,sortofanasallysqueal.（在幾百碼之內(nèi)，一

群群的帝王企鵝，一次大概有10只左右，向我們打招呼，它們用肚子滑來滑去，發(fā)出美妙的聲音，像是一

種帶鼻音的尖叫）”以及第四段“AndIwillneverforgetthepenguinthat,whenIjokinglyaskedwhichwaybackto

thehelicopters,pointedawinginthecorrectdirection.（我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記，當(dāng)我開玩笑地問那只企鵝回直升機(jī)的

路時(shí)，它把翅膀指向了正確的方向）“可推斷，作者在描述帝王企鵝時(shí)，重點(diǎn)描述了這些企鵝的友好和有趣的

行為。故選D。

7.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Overthecourseofourvisit,wecametorespectthepowerofthatsea.（在我們的

訪問過程中，我們開始尊重大海的力量廣可知，作者的這次南極洲之旅，使作者更加尊重自然的力量。故選

Co

5.【江蘇省百校2022-2023學(xué)年高一12月大聯(lián)考英語試卷】

BeforeIcantellyouwhathappenedtome,youfirstmustlearnaboutmyjob:performunderwaterrepairs.As

youknow,myofficeliesatthebottomofthesea.Iwearasuittooffice.Ifsawetsuit.

Thistimeofyearthewaterisquitecool.Sowhatwedotokeepwarmisawaterheater.This$20,000pieceof

equipmentthatsucksthewateroutofthesea.Itheatsittoadelightfultemperature.Itthenpumpsitdowntothe

diver（潛水員）throughagardenpipe.

Now,thisallsoundslikeawonderfulplan,andFveuseditseveraltimes.

WhatIdowhenIgettothebottomistakethepipeandstuffitdownthebackofmywetsuit.Thisfloodsmy

wholesuitwithwarmwater.It5sfantastic.

Everythingwasgoingwelluntilallofasudden,mybutt（屁股）startedtoitch（癢）.So,ofcourse,Iscratchedit.

This,ofcourse,onlymadethingsworse.Withinafewsecondsmybuttstartedtofeelhot.Ipulledthepipeoutfrom

myback,thinkingthatmaybethewalerwastoohot,butthedamagewasdone.

Inpain,Irealizedwhathadhappened.Thehotwatermachinehadsuckedupajellyfish（水母）andpumpedit

directlyintomysuit.Now,sinceIdon'thaveanyhaironmyback,thejellyfishcouldn'tsticktoit.

Iimmediatelyinformedthedivedirectorofmysituationoverthecommunicator.Hisreplywasuncleardueto

thefactthathe,alongwithfiveotherdivers,werealllaughinghysterically.

Needlesstosay,Igaveupthedive.AsIclimbedoutofthewater,thedoctor,withtearsoflaughterrunning

downhisface,hand