安徽省蕪湖市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題

高一英語注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號碼填寫清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂;非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡簽字筆書寫，字體工整、筆跡清晰。3.請按照題號順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效;在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。4.作圖可先使用鉛筆畫出，確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。5.保持卡面清潔，不要折疊、不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atabusstop.B.Onabus.C.Onthestreet.2.Whotypedtheposition?A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.Jack.3.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hecan’tsolvetheproblem.B.Hewasoncetroubledbytheproblem.C.Hewastoobusytohelpsolvetheproblem.4.Whatwilltheweatherbelike?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Cloudy.5.Whatwillthewomandobesidesdoingherhomeworktomorrow?A.Hangout.B.Makeacall.C.Prepareforherdanceclass.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wherecanyouenjoyasituationedy?A.Onchannel2.B.Onchannel4.C.Onchannel5.7.HowisPittsburghPolicesupposedtobe?A.Boring.B.Justsoso.C.Nice.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8Whatwasthecartoonabout?A.Lions.B.Pandas.C.Tigers.9.Whereisthewomangoing?A.Abookstore.B.Themoviestore.C.Thecinema.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whenisrecyclewastecollected?A.Monday.B.Wednesday.C.Thursday.11.Howmanyrecyclingcontainersshouldthemanprepare?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.12.Whatarethespeakersgoingtotalkabout?A.Sortingoutwaste.B.Collectingyardwaste.C.Collectingkitchenwaste.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers.B.Classmates.C.Coworkers.14.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftravellingbyair?A.Fastandfortable.B.fortablebutexpensive.C.Fastbutexpensive.15.Whatistheannouncementabout?A.Thewoman’sflightisputoff.B.Thewoman’sflightiscanceled.C.Thewomancangetonherflight.16.Whydoesthemanetotheairport?A.Toseethewomanoff.B.Topickupthewoman.C.Totravelwiththewoman.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatwasthecolorofmostcarsMr.Perkinssaw?A.Green.B.Blue.C.Yellow.18.WheredidMr.Perkinsparkhisnewcar?A.Onalargesquare.B.Outsidehisworkplace.C.Inabigparkinglot.19.Whycouldn’tMr.Perkinsrecognizehiscar?A.Helosthiskey.B.Thecarslookedthesame.C.Thereweretoomanycars.20.WhendidMr.Perkinsfinallyfindhiscar?A.Atfive.B.Atsix.C.Atseven.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThreeBooksforAMoreHonestViewofParentNowadays,itseemstherearetwowaystowriteaboutparenthood.Iamheartilysickofboth.ThisyearI’vedecidedtohugbooksthatareinspiringandhonest,yetdonotavoidthepleasuresofparenthood.LifeAmongtheSavagesShirleyJacksonprice:$15ShirleyJackson,authorofoneofthemostamazinglysinisternovelsofalltimeandoftheshortstoryTheLottery,alsowrotetwocharmingnovelsaboutraisingherfourchildreninanoldfarmhouseinruralVermont.InLifeAmongtheSavages,Jackson’shumorisasthrillingasherhorror,andherchildrenseemnevertoinspireinheranythingworsethanafondexasperation(惱怒).ABlindManCanSeeHowMuchILoveYouAmyBloomprice:$13.95ABlindManCanSeeHowMuchILoveYoucontainsoneofthemostabsoluteexpressionsofamother’sloveinfiction.Muchofittakesplaceinthewaitingroomofagenderreassignmentsurgeon.It’saboutawomanwhoisdeterminedtobethemotherthatherchildneedshertobe.Inthiscollectionordinarywomenrisetotheoccasiondemandedbymotherhood.Theymakemistakesbuttheygenerallsucceedinmakingupforthem.FamilyManCalvinTrillinprice:$18Inhismemoir(回憶錄)FamilyMan,CalvinTrillinwriteswithhumorabouthiswifeanddaughters.HegiveswhatIthinkisthesinglemostusefulpieceofparentingadvice“Gettingadviceonthebestwaytobringupchildrenislikegettingadviceonthebestwaytobreathesoonerorlateryou’reprobablygoingtoforgetitandgobacktoyourregularoldinandout.”Trillingivestheimpressionofbeingthebestkindofhusband.1.Whichbooktellsastoryofraisingchildreninthecountryside?A.TheLottery. B.FamilyMan.C.LifeAmongtheSavages. D.ABlindManCanSeeHowMuchILoveYou.2.WhatisCalvinTrillin’sFamilyManallabout?A.Ahumorousmother. B.Anoperation.C.Offeringadvice. D.Beingakindhusband.3.Whatdothethreebookshaveinmon?A.Theyshareatheme. B.Theytargetthesameaudience.C.Theywerewrittenbythesameauthor. D.Theywerepublishedinthesameyear.【答案】1.C2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了介紹了三本關(guān)于父母之道的書籍?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LifeAmongtheSavages部分中“ShirleyJackson,authorofoneofthemostamazinglysinisternovelsofalltimeandoftheshortstoryTheLottery,alsowrotetwocharmingnovelsaboutraisingherfourchildreninanoldfarmhouse:inruralVermont.(作為是有史以來最令人驚訝的邪惡小說之一和短篇小說《彩票》的作者，雪莉·杰克遜還寫了兩部迷人的小說，講述了她在佛蒙特州鄉(xiāng)下一所古老的農(nóng)舍里撫養(yǎng)四個(gè)孩子的故事)”可知，LifeAmongtheSavages講述了雪莉·杰克遜在鄉(xiāng)下?lián)狃B(yǎng)孩子的故事。故選C項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FamilyMan部分中“Inhismemoir(回憶錄)FamilyMan ,CalvinTrillinwriteswithhumorabouthiswifeanddaughters.HegiveswhatIthinkisthesinglemostusefulpieceofparentingadvice“Gettingadviceonthebestwaytobringupchildrenislikegettingadviceonthebestwaytobreathesoonerorlateryou’reprobablygoingtoforgetitandgobacktoyourregularoldinandout.”(在他的回憶錄《居家男人》中，卡爾文·特里林幽默地描寫了他的妻子和女兒。他給出了我認(rèn)為最有用的一條育兒建議：“獲得關(guān)于養(yǎng)育孩子的最佳方法的建議，就像獲得關(guān)于呼吸的最佳方法的建議一樣，遲早你可能會忘記它，回到你的日常生活中去?！?”可知，卡爾文·特里林的FamilyMan提供了育兒建議。故選C項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“ThisyearI’vedecidedtohugbooksthatareinspiringandhonest,yetdonotavoidthepleasuresofparenthood.(今年，我決定選擇那些既鼓舞人心又誠實(shí)的書，同時(shí)也不回避為人父母的樂趣)”和下文對書的介紹可知，這三本書雖然作者不同，但這三本書都以誠實(shí)和鼓舞人心的方式探索和呈現(xiàn)了為人父母的各個(gè)方面。每本書，無論是關(guān)于在鄉(xiāng)下?lián)狃B(yǎng)孩子，是關(guān)于母親堅(jiān)定不移的愛，還是關(guān)于家庭生活的幽默思考，都以家人和親人關(guān)系作為共同的主題。故選A項(xiàng)。BEverythingagirlnamedBellaneededforherlifetochangeforthebetterwasadog.ButCeorgeisunlikeotherdogs.He’saservicedogwhofillsBella’sdayswithjoyandlaughterandhelpsherregainherindependenceback.Bellawassufferingararemetabolic(新陳代謝的)disorder,whichleadstoshortneck,knockkneesandhipproblems.InBella’scase,herparentsweretoldthattheirdaughterwouldeventuallyneedawheelchairandwon’tbeabletomoveonherown.WhenthefamilyweledGeorgeintheirlives,hehelpedBellawalkbyprovidingassistance.Aharness(背帶)withthewords“servicedog”isfastenedonhisbacksothatpeopleknowheisn’tjustapet.HeandBellaarenowinseparableandheneverleavesherside.Bellaattendedschoolforonlyhalfadaybeforeleavingtoplayatthehomeofherfriend—Hunter.BecausehegetstonaponthecouchwhileBellaplays.Georgelovesgoingoverthere.Asathankyouforhisloyalty,BellawantedtogiveGeorgesomethinginreturn.SheandherparentsthencameupwiththeideatocontactBarkPost,awellknownwebsitethathostseventsreferredtoas“Dog’sBestDays”andgiveGeorgeadaytoremember.Amongtherest,thetwofriendsgottoshareahamburgertogetherandgottowalkonsnow,somethingGeorgeenjoys.Theydidabunchoffunthingstogetherandhadalovelyday.ThankstoGeorge,Belladoesn’tneedawheelchairandenjoystheindependenceherservicedogprovidestoher.“Georgeisjoyfulandhe’salwaystheretocheermeup.Heismybestfriend,”Bellasays.4.WhatdidthedoctorsayaboutBella’sillness?A.Shewouldrecoverslowly. B.Shewoulddropoutofschool.C.Shewouldlosetheabilitytowalk. D.Shewouldneedaservicedogtolookafterher.5.WhatwasGeorge’smainjob?A.ToplaywithBella. B.TofortBella.C.TohelpBellawalk. D.TocheerBellaup.6.WhydidBellaandherparentscontactBarkPost?A.TheywantedtothankGeorge. B.TheywantedtofindfriendsforGeorge.C.TheywantedtogiveGeorgearest. D.TheywantedtomakeGeorgewellknown.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.AGirlFightsHerIllnessBravelyB.APetDogBeesFamousforHisLoyaltyC.DogsAreImportantinHelpingtheDisabledD.AServiceDogHelpsaGirlRegainHerIndependence【答案】4.C5.C6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了Bella患有罕見的代謝性疾病，而George作為一只服務(wù)犬，幫助她重新獲得了獨(dú)立和快樂的生活?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Bellawassufferingararemetabolic(新陳代謝的)disorder,whichleadstoshortneck,knockkneesandhipproblems.InBella’scase,herparentsweretoldthattheirdaughterwouldeventuallyneedawheelchairandwon’tbeabletomoveonherown.(貝拉患有一種罕見的代謝紊亂，導(dǎo)致脖子短、膝外翻和髖關(guān)節(jié)問題。在貝拉的案例中，她的父母被告知，他們的女兒最終需要輪椅，無法自己移動。)”可知，醫(yī)生告訴Bella的父母，Bella會失去行走能力，故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“WhenthefamilyweledGeorgeintheirlives,hehelpedBellawalkbyprovidingassistance.(當(dāng)家人歡迎George進(jìn)入他們的生活時(shí)，他通過提供幫助來幫助Bella走路。)”可知，George的主要工作是幫助Bella走路。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Asathankyouforhisloyalty,BellawantedtogiveGeorgesomethinginreturn.SheandherparentsthencameupwiththeideatocontactBarkPost,awellknownwebsitethathostseventsreferredtoas“Dog’sBestDays”andgiveGeorgeadaytoremember.(為了感謝他的忠誠，貝拉想給喬治一些回報(bào)。然后，她和她的父母想出了一個(gè)主意，聯(lián)系BarkPost，這是一個(gè)著名的網(wǎng)站，舉辦被稱為“狗最好的日子”的活動，并給喬治一個(gè)值得紀(jì)念的日子。)”可知，Bella聯(lián)系BarkPost是為了感謝George，故選A項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，文章講述了Bella通過與George的接觸重新獲得了獨(dú)立，這意味著George作為一只服務(wù)狗幫助Bella恢復(fù)了自主能力。因此，最佳標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是D.AServiceDogHelpsaGirlRegainHerIndependence(一只服務(wù)狗幫助一個(gè)女孩重獲自主能力)，D項(xiàng)更好地概括了整個(gè)故事的核心內(nèi)容，故選D項(xiàng)。CMostpeoplehavealreadyheardwearefacinganeraofmassivespeciesextinction,thatwerunoutofinsectpollinators(傳粉者)forourplantationsandthatspringsaresilentnow.Itisalsoagreedthatadiversenatureisessentialforoureconomicandemotionalwellbeingandforhumanhealth.Buthowtoachievethis?Buildingsproducedangerousemissions(排放物)pollutingtheair.Thenation’sbuildingsareresponsiblefor40%ofallUScarbonemissions.Designingbuildingsthatputtheenvironmentfirstisessential.DanielJaconetti,theNationalSustainableDesignLeaderforthearchitecturefirmHEDtellsGb&dMagazine,“Ourfirstresponsibilityistoeducateandthentodesignforclientsthebestpossiblebuildingthatmeetstheirneeds.”Thebestbuildingsaredesignedtoberesilient(能復(fù)原的),energyefficient,fortable,andwithoutpoisonouschemicals.Theyareprobablytheonesthatmakethemostsensetopeople—beingasefficientaspossible.“You’reputtingoutfeweremissions.”DanielJaconettitellsGb&d.Ecoconsciousdesigncanbefoundinanumberofways.Theapplicationofsolarpowerisjustonemondesigntrend.Choosingecofriendlybuildingmaterialscanalsohelp.Thiscanincludeawidevarietyofmaterials,frombambootothoserecycled.Whenlookingforwaystocatertoecofriendlydesign,biophilia(熱愛生物)hasbeenusedinarchitecturaldesigntounitenatureintotheenvironment.Withmonelementsofbiophilicdesigninbuildingsincludingindoortreesandplantsandlivingwallscreatures,wecanenjoythevariousbenefitsassociatedwiththepresenceofnatureindoors.Foralreadyconstructedhomes,biophilicdesignelementcanhelpcreateanenvironmentallyfriendlyatmosphere.Bringinginplantsisjustonemajorwaytomakeanecofriendlystatement.Properlystylingthegreenerycanbethedifferencebetweenshowcasingthetreeitselfandallowingittoplementthesurroundingdesign.8.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducethetopicofthetext. B.Toraisepeople’sawarenessofpollution.C.Tocallonpeopletoprotectwildlife. D.Todrawpeople’sattentiontoemotionalwellbeing.9.Whyisdesigningenvironmentallyfriendlybuildingsimportant?A.Weneednewbuildingstobefortable. B.Buildingsaretoblameforseriousemissions.C.Buildingsarewherewespendmostofourtime. D.Weneeddifferentbuildingstocheerourselvesup.10.Whichofthefollowingcandescribebestbuildings?A.Luxury. B.Splendid. C.Ecofriendly. D.Lifechanging.11.Whatcanyoudowithaconstructedhome?ARedecorateit. B.Giveitathoroughclean.C.Changeitsdesignstyle. D.Addsomegreenplantstoit.【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了建筑行業(yè)排放十分嚴(yán)重，呼吁進(jìn)行環(huán)保建筑并對此提出了一些建議?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Mostpeoplehavealreadyheardwearefacinganeraofmassivespeciesextinction,thatwerunoutofinsectpollinators(傳粉者)forourplantationsandthatspringsaresilentnow.Itisalsoagreedthatadiversenatureisessentialforoureconomicandemotionalwellbeingandforhumanhealth.Buthowtoachievethis?(大多數(shù)人已經(jīng)聽說，我們正面臨著一個(gè)大規(guī)模物種滅絕的時(shí)代，我們的種植園已經(jīng)沒有昆蟲授粉者了，春天現(xiàn)在很安靜。人們還一致認(rèn)為，多樣性對我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)和情感福祉以及人類健康至關(guān)重要。但是如何做到這一點(diǎn)呢？)”可推知，第一段的作用是引入文章主題。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Buildingsproducedangerousemissions(排放物)pollutingtheair.Thenation’sbuildingsareresponsiblefor40%ofallUScarbonemissions.Designingbuildingsthatputtheenvironmentfirstisessential.(建筑物產(chǎn)生的有害排放物污染了空氣。這個(gè)國家的建筑占美國碳排放量的40%。設(shè)計(jì)將環(huán)境放在首位的建筑是至關(guān)重要的)”可知，設(shè)計(jì)環(huán)保建筑很重要是因?yàn)榻ㄖ菄?yán)重排放的罪魁禍?zhǔn)住９蔬xB?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thebestbuildingsaredesignedtoberesilient(能復(fù)原的),energyefficient,fortable,andwithoutpoisonouschemicals.Theyareprobablytheonesthatmakethemostsensetopeople—beingasefficientaspossible.“You’reputtingoutfeweremissions.”DanielJaconettitellsGb&d.(最好的建筑被設(shè)計(jì)成具有彈性、節(jié)能、舒適和不含有毒化學(xué)物質(zhì)。它們可能是對人們來說最有意義的——盡可能高效?！澳愕呐欧帕繙p少了?！盌anielJaconetti告訴Gb&d)”可推知，最好的建筑是環(huán)保的。故選C?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Foralreadyconstructedhomes,biophilicdesignelementcanhelpcreateanenvironmentallyfriendlyatmosphere.(對于已經(jīng)建成的房屋，親生物的設(shè)計(jì)元素可以幫助創(chuàng)造一個(gè)環(huán)境友好的氛圍)”可知，你可以給建造好的房子添加一些綠色植物。故選D。DIt’sthedayofthebigrace.You’vegotyourrunningshoesonandyourstartingnumberpinnedtoyourtanktop(背心裝).You’vetrainedforweeksforthismarathon,buthaveyoushortchangedyourselfbynothavingacupofcoffee?Studiesaboutcoffeecanbetricky.Oneweekscientistsfindthatcoffeeisbadforus,whilethenextweektheyannounceitprovidesbenefits.Whenitestocoffee’sstaringredient—caffeine,theresultsaremuchclearerinrelationtoathletes:Caffeineimprovesperformance.Itisoneofthefewlegalperformanceenhancersintheworld.Instudies,athleteswhoconsumedcaffeinebeforearacewereabletogofaster,lastlongerandrecovermorequicklythanthosewhodidn’t.Researchershavefoundthatcaffeinecausesmusclestousefatasfuel,ratherthanglycogen(糖原)storedinthemuscles,whichincreasesstrength.Caffeinealsocheersupmusclesbyreleasingcalciumstoredwithin,whichaidsspeedandendurance.Anditaffectshowhardyouthinkyou’reworking,sothatyoucanrunlongerandharderwithoutfeelingexhausted.Youdon’tevenneedmuchcaffeinetogettheresults.Scientistsestimatethatbetween1and2milligramsofcaffeineperkilogramofbodyweightwilldothetrick.Moreisn’tbetter.It’spossibletoperformworsewhenyouconsumemorethan9milligramsperkilogram.Caffeinecanhavedetrimentalsideeffectsinpeoplenotusedtoit,mostnotablyheadaches.Itisalsodiscouragedforthosewithheartconditionsorhighbloodpressure.Insomerunners,coffeeandothercaffeinatedproductscanresultindiarrhea(腹瀉).Forthesereasons,it’sprobablybestnottodrinkyourfirstcupofcoffeethemorningofamarathon.Instead,seehowyourbodyreactsduringyourtraining.12.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Howresearchersmadethefinding. B.Howcaffeineincoffeehelpsrunners.C.Whycoffeeisimportanttorunners. D.Whyresearcherscarriedouttheresearch.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“detrimental”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Beneficial. B.Unnoticeable. C.Efficient. D.Harmful.14.Whatistheauthor’sadviceconcerningconsumingcoffee?A.Testitseffectintraining. B.Takemorebeforearace.C.Takesomeafterarace. D.Nevertakeanybeforearace.15.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.Anotebook. B.Adiary. C.Amagazine. D.Atravelguide.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹咖啡中的咖啡因可以幫助運(yùn)動員跑的更快，時(shí)間更長，但是因人而異，咖啡因?qū)Σ怀：瓤Х鹊娜艘灿杏泻Φ母弊饔茫越ㄗh運(yùn)動員可以在訓(xùn)練中測試咖啡的效果?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Researchershavefoundthatcaffeinecausesmusclestousefatasfuel,ratherthanglycogen(糖原)storedinthemuscles,whichincreasesstrength.Caffeinealsocheersupmusclesbyreleasingcalciumstoredwithin,whichaidsspeedandendurance.Anditaffectshowhardyouthinkyou’reworking,sothatyoucanrunlongerandharderwithoutfeelingexhausted.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，咖啡因會使肌肉使用脂肪作為燃料，而不是儲存在肌肉中的糖原，從而增加力量。咖啡因還通過釋放儲存在肌肉中的鈣來刺激肌肉，這有助于提高速度和耐力。它會影響你認(rèn)為自己的努力程度，這樣你就可以跑得更長、更努力，而不會感到疲憊。)”可知本段主要講咖啡中的咖啡因?qū)ε懿秸叩淖饔?，也就是如何幫助跑步者。故選B?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文“mostnotablyheadaches.Itisalsodiscouragedforthosewithheartconditionsorhighbloodpressure.(最明顯的是頭疼。對于那些有心臟病或高血壓的人來說也是不鼓勵的)”可推斷上文意思是咖啡因會對不習(xí)慣咖啡因的人產(chǎn)生有害的副作用，所以detrimental意為“有害的”，和harmful同義，故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Forthesereasons,it’sprobablybestnottodrinkyourfirstcupofcoffeethemorningofamarathon.Instead,seehowyourbodyreactsduringyourtraining.(由于這些原因，最好不要在馬拉松比賽的早晨喝第一杯咖啡。相反，看看你的身體在訓(xùn)練過程中是如何反應(yīng)的。)”可知作者建議可以在訓(xùn)練中測試咖啡的效果。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，可知文章介紹咖啡中的咖啡因可以幫助運(yùn)動員跑的更快，時(shí)間更長，但是因人而異，咖啡因?qū)Σ怀：瓤Х鹊娜艘灿杏泻Φ母弊饔?，所以建議運(yùn)動員可以在訓(xùn)練中測試咖啡的效果。故推斷本文可能摘自雜志中，故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoDealwithNosy(好管閑的)PeopleNosypeopleareeverywhere.Theyarejusttoomuchforustotolerate.However,nomatterwhattypeofnosypeopleyoumeet,therearewaysyoucanusetogetoutofthesituation.___16___Respond.Donotreact.Whensomeonestartsaskingpersonalquestionsoneafteranother,youmightgetconfusedastowhy.Whenyoufindyourselfinthissituation,remindyourselftoslowdown.___17___Bemindfulofthesituationandtrytorespondwisely.Youdon’towe(欠)ananswertotheotherperson.Answerthemreasonablywithoutshowingtoomuch.Onegreatwayistogiveasatisfactoryanswerwithoutsayingtoomanydetails.Thisway,youwillsatisfytheircuriosityandkeepyourpersonalboundaries(界線).___18___Forinstance,yourlovedonemightask,“Iheardyouhadafightwithyourhusband.Whathappened?”Youcouldsay,“Nothingserious.Wearefine.”Thiswillletthemknowyouarefineandyouneedn’tsaythedetails!___19___Sometimes,youjustdon’tfeellikeansweringtheotherperson’squestions.Itcouldbebecausetheyhavenobusinessknowingthedetails.Itcouldalsobethattheyarerude.So,ifsomeoneasksyouapersonalquestion,youcouldpolitelydeclinetoanswerbysaying,“Sorry,butIamnotfortablediscussingmyprivatematterslikethis.”Showalackofenthusiasm.Yourbodylanguagetellsalotaboutyou.Ittellsotherpeoplewhetheryouareinterestedintalkingtothem,whetheryouarehavingagoodtimeandsoon.So,ifyouwanttomunicatethatyoudon’tappreciatethembeingnosy,youcandosowithyourbodylanguage.Howdoyoudothis?Easy!Justshowalackofenthusiasm.___20___A.Avoidtalkingwiththem.B.Politelydeclinetoanswer.C.So,giveyourselftimetoreact.D.Thereisnoneedtofeelrushedatall!E.Usethiswaywhentheotherpersonisalovedone.F.Givebriefanswersanddon’tlookthemintheeyetoomuch.G.Followtheonesbelowandyouwillfinditeasytodealwiththem.【答案】16.G17.D18.E19.B20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何與好管閑事的人打交道?！?6題詳解】上文“However,nomatterwhattypeofnosypeopleyoumeet,therearewaysyoucanusetogetoutofthesituation.(然而，不管你遇到什么類型的愛管閑事的人，你都可以用一些方法來擺脫這種情況)”指出有辦法擺脫愛管閑事的人，下文各段“Respond.Donotreact.(回答，但不要有反應(yīng))”、“Answerthemreasonablywithoutrevealingtoomuch.(合理地回答他們，不要透露太多)”和“Showalackofenthusiasm.(表現(xiàn)出缺乏熱情)”都是關(guān)于如何與愛管閑事的人打交道的建議。G項(xiàng)“Followtheonesbelowandyouwillfinditeasytodealwiththem.(以下是關(guān)于如何應(yīng)對愛管閑事的人的建議)”承上啟下，引出下文的具體建議，上下文銜接自然。故選G?！?7題詳解】上文“Whensomeonestartsaskingpersonalquestionsoneafteranother,youmightgetconfusedastowhy.Whenyoufindyourselfinthissituation,remindyourselftoslowdown.(當(dāng)有人開始一個(gè)接一個(gè)地問私人問題時(shí)，你可能會感到困惑，不知道為什么。當(dāng)你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于這種情況時(shí)，提醒自己慢下來)”指出當(dāng)有人開始一個(gè)接一個(gè)地提出個(gè)人問題時(shí)，你要提醒自己慢下來。D項(xiàng)“Thereisnoneedtofeelrushedatall!(根本沒有必要感到匆忙!)”與上文語意一致，表達(dá)了相同的意思，“noneedtofeelrushed”與上文“remindyourselftoslowdown”相照應(yīng)。故選D。【18題詳解】上文“Onegreatwayistogiveasatisfactoryanswerwithoutsayingtoomanydetails.Thisway,youwillsatisfytheircuriosityandkeepyourpersonalboundaries(界線).(一個(gè)很好的方法是給出一個(gè)令人滿意的答案，而不是說太多的細(xì)節(jié)。這樣，你會滿足他們的好奇心，并保持你的個(gè)人界限)”提出一個(gè)策略：給出一個(gè)令人滿意的答案，而不是說太多的細(xì)節(jié)。下文“Forinstance,yourlovedonemightask,“Hey!Iheardyouhadafightwithyourhusband.Whathappened?”Inresponse,youcouldsay,“Oh,nothingserious.Wearefine.”Thiswillletthemknowyouaredoingfine.(例如，你所愛的人可能會問，“嘿！我聽說你和你丈夫吵架了。發(fā)生了什么？”作為回應(yīng)，你可以說，“哦，沒什么大不了的。我們很好?！边@會讓他們知道你做得很好)”舉例子說明如何對你所愛的人如何使用這個(gè)策略。E項(xiàng)“Usethiswaywhentheotherpersonisalovedone.(當(dāng)對方是你所愛的人時(shí)，請使用這一策略)”承上啟下，句中“thisway”指代上文所述策略。故選E。【19題詳解】設(shè)空句是本段小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文“Sometimes,youjustdon’tfeellikeansweringtheotherperson’squestions.Itcouldbebecausetheyhavenobusinessknowingthedetails.Itcouldalsobethattheyarerude.So,ifsomeoneasksyouapersonalquestion,youcouldpolitelydeclinetoanswerbysaying,“Sorry,butIamnotfortablediscussingmyprivatematterslikethis.”(有時(shí)候，你只是不想回答別人的問題。這可能是因?yàn)樗麄儧]有權(quán)利知道細(xì)節(jié)。也可能是因?yàn)樗麄兒艽拄敗Ｋ?，如果有人問你一個(gè)私人問題，你可以禮貌地拒絕回答：“對不起，我不喜歡這樣討論我的私人問題?！?”可知，本段主要建議要禮貌地拒絕他人。故B項(xiàng)“Politelydeclinetoanswer.(禮貌地拒絕回答)”是本段最佳小標(biāo)題。故選B。20題詳解】上文“So,ifyouwanttomunicatethatyoudon’tappreciatethembeingnosy,youcandosowithyourbodylanguage.Howdoyoudothis?Easy!Justshowalackofenthusiasm.(所以，如果你想表達(dá)你不喜歡他們愛管閑事，你可以用肢體語言來表達(dá)。你是怎么做到的?簡單!只是表現(xiàn)出缺乏熱情)”提出用肢體語言來表達(dá)缺乏熱情。F項(xiàng)“Givebriefanswersanddon’tlookthemintheeyetoomuch.(給出簡短的回答，不要直視對方的眼睛)”給出具體的做法建議：簡短的回答，不直視其的眼睛。這是表示自己不喜歡他人管閑事的，不感興趣的肢體語言。故選F。第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Istartedmycyclingadventureearly.Themorningridewas___21___,thegentlebreeze(微風(fēng))waspleasantandtheroadwasfreeoftraffic.Thepathwaslinedbycolorfulflowers.Gazingatthemountains,IfeltlikeIwas___22___throughapainting.Lookingdown,I___23___fallenleavesonthetrack.ItwasthefirsttimeIrealizedleavescouldbesorichincolor.Icametounderstandthetrue___24___ofautumnisfoundinthesesubtle,oftenoverlookeddetails.Ofcourse,thisjourneywasalsoachallenge.EachtimeIenduredalengthyuphillclimb,I___25___myselfsomewhereaheadlaya(n)___26___downhillsection.Itbecameakindofreward.Iwasthirstyandtired.Ipushedmybikeuptheincline,whichhelpedstretchmymuscles.Ipassedbyawomansellingoranges.Iwantedtobuysome.However,thewoman___27___mymoneyandencouragedmetohelpmyself,___28___theorangeswerefromherowntrees.Iwasdeeply___29___.Aftereatingtwo,Icrouched(蹲)bytheroadside,gazingattheuphillstretchahead.Ayoungcoupleinacar______30______tobuyoranges.Iaskediftheycouldgivemealift.They______31______andevenofferedmebreadandwater.IlearnedtheywerefromSuzhouandhaddrivenherefortheweekend.They______32______IvisitSuzhouforanaroundthelakerideofTaihu.About10minuteslater,Isaidgoodbyetothemandcontinuedriding.Mymoodwas______33______transformed.Ateamofcyclistsapproached,givingmethumbsup.Iwasincrediblymotivated.Cycling144kminninehourswasa(n)______34______.However,asIreflectonthebeautyalongtherouteandthekindnessofthepeopleImet,Iamstillfullof______35______andIamgladcame.21.A.admirable B.enjoyable C.affordable D.energetic22.A.cycling B.driving C.running D.jogging23.A.imagined B.produced C.noticed D.confirmed24.A.beauty B.harvest C.coolness D.change25.A.warned B.taught C.reminded D.cheated26.A.effortless B.meaningless C.useless D.hopeless27.A.assessed B.refused C.valued D.took28.A.arguing B.debating C.plaining D.adding29.A.disappointed B.excited C.touched D.astonished30.A.tookdown B.tookover C.pulleddown D.pulledover31.A.failed B.agreed C.promised D.answered32.A.remended B.ordered C.persuaded D.doubted33.A.privately B.frequently C.pletely D.hardly34.A.hope B.challenge C.honor D.memory35.A.generosity B.honesty C.curiosity D.gratitude【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.A25.C26.A27.B28.D29.C30.D31.B32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者騎行冒險(xiǎn)的經(jīng)歷，分享了清晨騎行的愉快、路上的美景以及與陌生人的溫暖互動【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：早上的騎行很愉快，微風(fēng)很宜人，道路沒有車輛。A.admirable令人欽佩的；B.enjoyable令人愉快的；C.affordable負(fù)擔(dān)得起的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根據(jù)下文“thegentlebreeze(微風(fēng))waspleasantandtheroadwasfreeoftraffic.Thepathwaslinedbycolorfulflowers.”可知，早上的騎行是很愉快的，故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：凝視著山巒，我覺得自己就像騎著車穿越一幅畫一樣。A.cycling騎自行車；B.driving開車；C.running跑步；D.jogging慢跑。根據(jù)上文“cyclingadventure”可知，作者覺得好像是騎著車穿越一幅畫一樣，故選A項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：往下看，我注意到路上的落葉。A.imagined想象；B.produced產(chǎn)生；C.noticed注意到；D.confirmed確認(rèn)。根據(jù)下文“ItwasthefirsttimeIrealizedleavescouldbesorichincolor.”可知，作者注意到落葉，意識到它們豐富的色彩，故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始明白，秋天的真正美麗在于這些微妙的、經(jīng)常被忽視的細(xì)節(jié)。A.beauty美麗；B.harvest收獲；C.coolness涼爽；D.change變化。根據(jù)上文“ItwasthefirsttimeIrealizedleavescouldbesorichincolor.”及“Icametounderstandthetrue___4___ofautumnisfoundinthesesubtle,oftenoverlookeddetails.”可知，作者明白了秋天的真正美麗在于微妙的、經(jīng)常被忽視的細(xì)節(jié)，故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每次我忍受漫長的上坡時(shí)，我都會提醒自己前方的某個(gè)地方有一個(gè)毫不費(fèi)力的下坡路段。A.warned警告；B.taught教導(dǎo)；C.reminded提醒；D.cheated欺騙。根據(jù)上文“thisjourneywasalsoachallenge”及下文“somewhereaheadlaya(n)___6___downhillsection”可知，旅程很有挑戰(zhàn)性，作者在漫長的上坡時(shí)會提醒自己前方有下坡，故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：每次我忍受漫長上坡時(shí)，我都會提醒自己前方的某個(gè)地方有一個(gè)毫不費(fèi)力的下坡路段。A.effortless毫不費(fèi)力的；B.meaningless毫無意義的；C.useless無用的；D.hopeless絕望的。根據(jù)下文“downhillsection”可知，上坡漫長且有挑戰(zhàn)性，下坡是毫不費(fèi)力的，故選A項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，那位女士拒絕了我的錢，并鼓勵我自己取用，她還補(bǔ)充說這些橙子來自她自己的樹。A.assessed評估；B.refused拒絕；C.valued重視；D.took接受。根據(jù)上文“Iwantedtobuysome.”及“However”可知，作者想買那位女士的橘子，但是女士拒絕了作者的錢，故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，那位女士拒絕了我的錢，并鼓勵我自己取用，她還說這些橙子來自她自己的樹。A.arguing爭論；B.debating辯論；C.plaining抱怨；D.adding補(bǔ)充。根據(jù)下文“theorangeswerefromherowntrees”可知，作者是在女士補(bǔ)充的講述中知道這些橙子來自她自己的樹，故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們深深的感動了。A.disappointed失望的；B.excited興奮的；C.touched感動的；D.astonished驚訝的。根據(jù)上文“hewoman___7___mymoneyandencouragedmetohelpmyself,___8___theorangeswerefromherowntrees.”可知，作者被女士的慷慨感動了，故選C項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：一對年輕夫婦停下車買橘子。A.tookdown撤下；B.tookover接管；C.pulleddown摧毀；D.pulledover靠邊停車。根據(jù)“Atobuyoranges.”可知，年輕夫婦停下車買橘